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AB Psychology 1
The Mandate of Heaven was a Chinese Political and Religious belief that justifies the
position of an Emperor. According to the belief, the Mandate gives a legitimate reason to a
person to become the emperor of China. It was also a common belief that natural disasters such
as famine and flood were divine retributions bearing signs of Heaven's displeasure with the ruler,
so there would often be revolts following major disasters as the people saw these calamities as
signs that the Mandate of Heaven had been withdrawn.
The Art of War is an ancient Chinese military treatise dating from the Late Spring and
Autumn Period (roughly 5th century BC). The work, which is attributed to the ancient Chinese
military strategist Sun Tzu. The book contained a detailed explanation and analysis of the
Chinese military, from weapons and strategy to rank and discipline. Sun Tzu also stressed the
importance of intelligence operatives and espionage to the war effort. Because Sun Tzu has long
been considered to be one of history's finest military tacticians and analysts, his teachings and
strategies formed the basis of advanced military training for centuries to come.