PREPARED BY:

Mohammed Qassim
Dana sabah
Abdulaziz Qassim
Mohammed shakhawan
Azhi mustafa
Abdulla mohammed

SUPERVISED BY:
DR. SALIM

Conservation and rehabilitation

Tishk international university, Erbil

22/10/2023

Citadel report
A brief history about the Erbil Citadel

The Erbil Citadel inErbil, is a historic and culturally significant

site located in Erbil, the capital of the Kurdistan. It is considered
one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world and
has a rich history dating back thousands of years.

1. Ancient Origins: The Citadel's history can be traced back to

at least 6,000 years ago, making it one of the earliest human
settlements. It has been inhabited by various civilizations,
including the Sumerians, Akkadians, etc…

2. Historical Significance: The Citadel has served as a center of

trade, culture, and governance throughout its history. It was
strategically located along ancient trade routes and has
witnessed numerous empires and rulers.

3. Architectural Heritage: The Citadel is known for its unique

style, with narrow alleys, traditional mud-brick houses, and a
distinctive layout.
4. UNESCO World Heritage Site: In 2014, the Erbil Citadel
was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognizing
its cultural and historical importance.

5. Modern Preservation: Efforts have been made to preserve

and restore the Citadel's historic structures while still allowing a
limited number of residents to live there. The site also houses
museums and cultural centers.

6. Contemporary Erbil: Today, the Citadel is not only a

historical gem but also a vibrant part of Erbil's modern city life.
It continues to be a symbol of the city's enduring cultural and
historical legacy.

The Erbil Citadel's long and storied history makes it a unique

and important cultural site, attracting visitors and researchers
from around the world who are interested in the history of this
ancient region.
The ahmadi gate of erbil:

The Ahmadi Gate is one of the main gates of the Erbil Citadel,
located in Erbil, the capital of the Kurdistan Region in Iraq. The
Erbil Citadel is a historic site and is considered one of the oldest
continuously inhabited settlements in the world. The Ahmadi
Gate is one of the entrances to the citadel, which is a UNESCO
World Heritage Site and an important historical and cultural
landmark in the region. It's named after the Ahmadi family, who
have historical connections to the area.
Interpretation center:

The Interpretation Center in the Erbil Citadel is a museum or

exhibition space designed to provide visitors with information
and insights into the history, culture, and significance of the
Citadel. Interpretation centers often feature displays, exhibits,
multimedia presentations, and informative materials that help
visitors understand the historical and archaeological importance
of the site. In the case of the Erbil Citadel, it may provide
context and background information about the Citadel's long
history, its architectural features, and the people who have lived
there over the centuries. Such centers are valuable for enhancing
the visitor experience and promoting cultural heritage and
tourism.

Yaaquub agha house:

The home of yaaquub agha is one of the most unique and old
houses that is still conserved till today, featuring own shower
inside his home, it became a unique and a novel house during its
time, and as well as the use of arched fireplaces as in the picture
below, it truly became one of a kind houses in erbil.
The traditional erbil hammam:

The traditional hammam, or public bathhouse, in the Erbil

Citadel likely represents a historical or cultural feature within
the Citadel. Hammams have been a common part of Middle
Eastern and Islamic cultures for centuries. They are places for
relaxation, socialization, and personal hygiene.

The mosque inside erbil citadel:

Thousands of years ago as the citadel saw come and go of the

different empires and conquerers, everyone left a touch of it, one
those touches were the church inside the citadel, originally a
church then changed into a mosque as the conquers of the
islamic caliphates began (ftuhat), the church turned into a
praying area for the muslims till today, even now hundreds of
people go and pray inside the mosque, of course with the history
of its conservation and protection because of its value, the
mosque is still as good as it was built like before.

The main gate of erbil citadel:

The Erbil Citadel, has several gates, and the "Grand Gate" is one
of its prominent entrances. The Grand Gate is a significant and
historically significant entrance to the Citadel, marking the main
access point for visitors and residents.
Historically, the Grand Gate would have played a vital role in
the defense and control of the Citadel, as it allowed access to the
walled city. It may have included features like fortified walls
and a significant entrance arch. Today, it serves as an important
point of entry for tourists and a symbol of the Citadel's historical
and architectural significance. The architecture and design of the
Grand Gate likely reflect the history and culture of the region.
.