Correctif :Exercices de révisions sur les puissances

Exercice 1

Les séries A et B étant très faciles, elles doivent être réalisées rapidement et sans quasi aucune
erreur.

Série A
1 𝑎−5 𝑎2 1
1. 𝑎−2 = 𝑎2 6. = 𝑎5 = 𝑎3
𝑎−2

𝑎2 𝑎2 1
2. = 𝑎2 . 𝑎2 = 𝑎4 7. 𝑎2 𝑎−5 = 𝑎5 = 𝑎3
𝑎−2

2
3. 2𝑎 −4 = 𝑎4 8.
𝑎4 𝑎−5
=
𝑎4 .𝑎1 𝑎5
= 𝑎5 = 1
𝑎−1 𝑎5

𝑎−3 1 1
4. = 𝑎2 .𝑎3 = 𝑎5 9. 𝑎−4 𝑎5 = 𝑎 −4+5 = 𝑎1 = 𝑎
𝑎2

1 𝑎−6 1 1
5. −𝑎−1 = − 𝑎 10. = 𝑎6 .𝑎6 = 𝑎12
𝑎6

Série B

𝑏3 𝑎−5 𝑏3
1. 𝑎−2 𝑏 3 = 𝑎2 6. = 𝑎5
𝑏 −3

𝑎−2 1 −𝑎2 −𝑎2 𝑎2

2. 𝑏3
= 𝑎2 .𝑏3 7. −𝑎2 . (−𝑏)−3 = (−𝑏)3 = −𝑏3 = 𝑏3

𝑎4 𝑎−3 𝑏 2 𝑏 2 .𝑎5 𝑎2
3. 𝑎4 𝑏 −2 = 𝑏2 8. = 𝑎3 .𝑏4 = 𝑏2
𝑎−5 .𝑏4

𝑎3 𝑏5
4. = 𝑎3 . 𝑏 2 9. 𝑎−5 𝑏 5 =
𝑏 −2 𝑎5

1 𝑎−5 .𝑏−5
5. (𝑎. 𝑏)−3 = 𝑎3 .𝑏3 10. 2𝑎5 .𝑏−5 = 2𝑎5 .𝑎5 = 2𝑎10
1 1

Série C

𝑎8
1. (𝑎−2 𝑏 3 )-4=𝑎−2.−4 . 𝑏 3.−4 = 𝑎8 𝑏 −12 =
𝑏12

−3 3 3
2𝑎6 3𝑎−2 3 27
2. ( −2) =( ) = (2𝑎6.𝑎2) = 8𝑎24
3𝑎 2𝑎6

2 2
1 𝑎3 𝑎6
3. (3𝑎−3 )−2 = ( ) = (3) =
3𝑎−3 9

1
 (−8𝑎2 )−1 1 1 1 1 −𝑎4
4. (2𝑎−2 )3
= (−8𝑎2)1 . (2𝑎−2)3 = = =
−8𝑎2 .8.𝑎−6 −64.𝑎−4 64

−4𝑎 −4𝑎 −1
5. −4𝑎 (2𝑎2 )−4 = (2𝑎2)4 = =
16𝑎8 4𝑎7

−4𝑎−3 𝑏5 −32𝑎3
6. (2𝑎2 𝑏−3 )−3
= −4𝑎−3 𝑏 5 . (2𝑎2 𝑏−3 )3 = −4𝑎−3 𝑏 5 . 8. 𝑎6 . 𝑏 −9 =
𝑏4

1 1 1 −1
7. −𝑏 −4 . (4𝑏2 )−3 = − . (4𝑏2)3 = − =
𝑏4 𝑏4. .64.𝑏6 64𝑏10

(2𝑎−3 𝑏−2 )−5 𝑏2 𝑏2 𝑏2 .𝑏10 𝑎14 𝑏12

8. = = = =
𝑎.𝑏−2 𝑎(2𝑎−3 .𝑏−2 )5 𝑎.32.𝑎−15 .𝑏 −10 32𝑎 −14 32

3 3 3 3
9. 3𝑎−2 (−2𝑎−3 )−2 = = = = 𝑎4
𝑎2 (−2𝑎−3 )2 𝑎2.4 .𝑎−6 4𝑎−4 4

5𝑎5 .𝑏−5 5𝑎5 (−3𝑎.𝑏−3 )2 5𝑎5. 9.𝑎2 .𝑏−6 45𝑎7 45𝑎7

10.(−3𝑎.𝑏−3)−2 = = = =
𝑏5 𝑏5 𝑏5 .𝑏6 𝑏11

Exercice 2

1) -1/125 2) 1/64 3) 0,000 032 4) 27/8 5) -2-4

6) 3-4 7) 2-1 8) 2/a3 9) ½ 10)26
11) 3a/b2 12) 5/3

Exercice 3 :
1
a) 3−2 = 9
1 1
b) 5−4 = 54 = 625
1
c) 12−1 = 12
1 −2
d) (9) = 92 = 81

−2 −4 −3 4 81
e) ( 3 ) = ( 2 ) = 16

1 −2
f) (7) = 72 = 49
1 −1
g) (−4)−3 = (−4)3 = 64
−2 1 1
h) (√2) = 2 =2
(√2)

2
 −2 1 1 1
i) (2√3) = 2 = =
(2√3) 4.3 12

−1 (1+√2) (1+√2)
j) (1 − √2) = (1− = = −1 − √2, on a multiplié par le binôme conjugué
√2).(1+√2) 1−2

pour éliminer les racines au dénominateur. Il n’y aura pas d’exercices de ce type à l’examen.
−5 −5
k) −5.2−5 = =
25 32

l) (−2−2 )−3 = −26 = −64

1 1 106
m) (0,02)−3 = (2.10−2 )−3 = (2.10−2 )3 = 8.10−6 = = 125 000
8

n) 5−1 . 5 = 1
o) 10−4 . 0,01.106 = 10−4 . 10−2 . 106 = 100 = 1
−2 −3 3 3 −27
p) ( 3 ) = (−2) = 8
−2 2
√2 2 4
q) ( 2 ) =( ) =2=2
√2

−3 3
0,01 −3 10−2 3.10−1
r) ( 0,3 ) = (3.10−1 ) = ( 10−2 ) = (3.10−1 . 102 )3 = (3. 101 )3 = 27. 103 = 27 000
2−6 . 37 1 1
s) = 2−6 25 37 3−9 = 2−6+5 37−9 = 2−1 . 3−2 = 2.9 = 18
2−5 . 39
5−2 2^5 32
t) = 5^2 = 25
2−5

Exercice 4 :

a) -5+x=-10 si x = - 5
b) x+2=-3 si x = - 5
c) -5x=10 si x = - 2
d) -2x=-6 si x = 3
e) 2𝑎. (3𝑎)2 = 2𝑎. 9𝑎2 = 18𝑎3 si x = 2
1
f) (2𝑎1 )−6 = 64𝑎6 = (4𝑎2 )−3 si x = 1

g) -8-3=x si x = - 11
h) x-2=0 si x = 2
i) x+2+x= - 6 si x = - 4
j) x-1+x+1=-2 si x = -1
k) –x-3x=-8 si x = 2