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Mathematical Concepts and Operations

1) A complex number is expressed as a + ib, where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part. 2) Equality of complex numbers is defined as a + ib = c + id if and only if a = c and b = d. 3) The conjugate of a complex number z = a + ib is z* = a - ib. The additive inverse is -z = -a - ib.

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103 views1 page

Mathematical Concepts and Operations

1) A complex number is expressed as a + ib, where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part. 2) Equality of complex numbers is defined as a + ib = c + id if and only if a = c and b = d. 3) The conjugate of a complex number z = a + ib is z* = a - ib. The additive inverse is -z = -a - ib.

Uploaded by

polavarapunagaveninagaveni004
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

« MATHS 2A 1

BABY BULLET-Q «

1. COMPLEX NUMBERS
(2 X 2) + (1 X 4) = 8 Marks

@IMP FORMULAS, KEY CONCEPTS?


1) A complex number is expressed in the form z=a+ib (or) (a, b) where a, b Î R, i 1
Here, a is called the real part of z and b is called the imaginary part of z.
2) A complex number is said to be (i) purely real if its imaginary part is zero.
(ii) purely imaginary if its real part is zero.

Q
3) Equality of complex numbers: a+ib=c+id Û a = c and b = d
4) If z1=a+ib, z2 = c+id then (i) z1+z2 = (a+c) + i(b+d)
(ii) z1.z2 = (a+ib) (c+id) = (ac–bd) + i(bc+ad); (a+ib)(c–id)=(ac+bd)+i(bc–ad)
T-
(iii)
z1
z2
a  ib
c  id
(a  ib)(c  id)
(c  id)(c  id)
§ ac  bd · § bc  ad ·
¨ 2 ¸  i¨ ¸
© c + d 2 ¹ © c2 + d 2 ¹
L E
Hints: (i) a i a ,a  R  (ii) (a  ib) 2 L (a 2  b 2 )  i2ab
1 i U 1 i 1
(iii) (a  ib)(a  ib) a 2  b 2
5) If z=a+ib then its (i) conjugate is z =a–ib
1 i
B
(iv) i (v)
1 i i
i

(ii) additive inverse is –z = –a–ib

Y 1 a  ib

B
1
(iii) Multiplicative inverse is z
a  ib a 2  b2

(iv) Modulus is |z| A (v) Arg z


§b·
Tan 1 ¨ ¸

B
a 2  b2
©a¹
§ ra r  a · , where r
6.1) The square root of a+bi when b>0 is a  ib r ¨¨ i ¸ a 2  b2
© 2 2 ¸¹
§ ra ra ·
6.2) The square root of a–bi when b>0 is a  ib r ¨¨ i ¸ , where r a 2  b2
© 2 2 ¸¹
7) Mod [Link] (or) polar form:
If z = x+iy then z=r(cosq+isinq) is called Mod-amplitude form, where
>

(i) Modulus=|z|= r x 2  y2 Arg (1) = 0;


i•
Arg (i)=p/2; 1
§ y· < • O • >
(ii) Amplitude= q = Tan 1 ¨ ¸ Î (-p,p] Arg (–1) = p; –1 • –i
©x¹
Arg (–i) = –p/2
<

8.1) If Arg z=q then Arg z  T


8.2) If Arg z1=q1 and Arg z2=q2 then (i) Arg (z1.z2)=q1+q2 (ii) Arg(z1/z2)=q1–q2
cisT1
9) cosq+isinq is simply written as cisq; (i) cisq1.cisq2=cis(q1+q2) (ii) cis(T1  T 2 )
cisT 2

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