After prepositions, we use -ing forms of verbs.

The children are tired of going to the same place every summer. (NoT ... a+e+ireaef+eSe+e ...)
She spoke for an hour without using notes. (Nor ... withe*+o use ...)
Thank you for coming. I worry about spending too much money.
We're thinking of going to Jamaica for Christmas.
:

,r For spelling of -ingforms, see page 23.

i{r,* Put the beginnings and ends together.

0 Every morning, my dad worries about A being late for his train. ..?..
1 Please don't leave without B watering my garden while l'm on holiday. .

2 I don't like the idea of C telling me that you're going. ......

3 Are you interested in D going to Vienna with us next weekend? ....
4 I'll pay you for E working all my life. ......
5 Inever get tired of F being able to fly. ......
6 Thank you very much for G selling his house. ......
7 My brother's thinking of H drinking lots of coffee.
8 I can't work without I reading.......
9 Sometimes ldream of J babysittinS. ......

Add -ing forms of the verbs in the box.

ask be,/ close get go hear ski smoke wash watch work

) Alice dreams of ..V.elryT.... an opera singer, but she can't sing very well.
1 l'm tired of .............. the same old stories; doesn't John realise he's boring us?
2 Which British Prime Minister was famous for ............. big cigars?
3 l'm thinking of ........... to Greece next summer - have you ever been there?
4 Eric's interested in .............. football on television, but not in playing it.
5 Don't worry about the dishes - l'll wash them in the morning.
6 She ran out without the door.
7 They didn't pay me much for ............. in their garden.
8 Jessica and Rob are talking about ......... .. married.
9 l'm not very good at .............. but I like it.
10 She took my bike without

People talking w ithout sp eaking

People hearing without listening . . .

'Fools,' said I, 'You do not know

Silencelike a cancer grows:

(from'Sound of Silencel song by Paul Simon)

132 INFINITIVES AFJD -1NC FORMS

 .,: Make sentences withvery / quite / notvery good at ...ing or bad ot ...ing.

RUN SWIM CYCLE DRAW SING

JANE * o c
BOB o C *
SUE *. * o
MARK * c
) (Jane / run, swim)
) (Sue/run,cycle)
1 (Bob/run,cycle)
2 (Sue / draw, run)
3 (Mark/ swim, run)
4 (Bob / swim, sing)
5 (Jane/ run, cycle)
6 (Mark / sing, draw)
7 (Jane / draw, sing)
8 (Sue/ sing,swim)
What are you good or bad at? Write some sentences about yourself.

We use by ...ing and without ...ing lo say how people do something.

I earn my pocket money by working in a petrol station. She passed her exams without studying.

,',..: Make sentences with by ...ing or without ..,ing.

) When I left the house this morning, I didn't close the windows.
. . I ! 9f .! h 9. h *, Q.
.
q q ytrv : .v ? r*i *s. v.L.l\ ? *! .?l ?.: v *q. l\.q .w v *.4.qv :.
> Ali got a wonderfuljob. He was in the right place at the right time.
..41.1..q.0.!.s.very\pd*ljp.Q.9.g.9sv*s.!*.!.4.e.".vsb!.nll.?p..qy.y.\e..yts\!.!y.rye.....
1 Ellie stayed awake. 5he drank lots of coffee.

2 Paul drank three glasses of water. He didn't stop.

3 Charles woke us up. He turned the TV on.

4 You can find out the meaning of a word. Use a dictionary.

5 Mike paid for his new house. He didn't borrow any money.

6 Helen lost her driving licence. She drove too fast, too often.

7 Carl did all his homework. He didn't ask for any help.

8 Teresa cooks all her food. She doesn't use any salt.

Sometimes to is a preposition (for example I look forward to your answer).

ln this case we must use -ing forms of verbs after to.
I look forward to heoring from you. (Nor @)
ln some answers, both contracted forms (for example I'm, don't) andfull INFINITIVES AND -/N6 FORMS 133
forms (for example lam, do not\ are possible. Normally both are correct.