NETWORKING IMPORTANT

QUESTIONS :-
PART - 1

1. What is the primary purpose of the Network Layer in the OSI model?
a. Data link
b. Logical addressing
c. Error detection
d. Physical transmission

2. Which network protocol is responsible for routing data packets between different
networks?
a. TCP
b. UDP
c. IP
d. HTTP

3. In the TCP/IP model, which layer is responsible for data segmentation and
reassembly?
a. Network
b. Transport
c. Data Link
d. Application

4. Which protocol is commonly used for secure communication over the web?
a. HTTP
b. FTP
c. SSL/TLS
d. SMTP

5. What is the primary function of ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)?

a. Translate domain names to IP addresses
b. Resolve MAC addresses to IP addresses
c. Route packets between networks
d. Establish a secure connection

6. Which layer of the OSI model deals with logical addressing?

a. Physical layer
b. Data Link layer
c. Network layer
d. Transport layer

7. Which network protocol is connection-oriented and ensures reliable data

delivery?
a. HTTP
b. UDP
c. SMTP
d. TCP

8. What is the primary function of DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)?

a. Assigning IP addresses to devices on a network
b. Resolving domain names to IP addresses
c. Routing data packets between networks
d. Establishing secure connections

9. Which protocol is used for transferring email messages between servers?

a. SMTP
b. FTP
c. HTTP
 d. POP3

10. What does FTP stand for?

a. File Transfer Protocol
b. Fast Transmission Protocol
c. File Transport Protocol
d. Fast Transfer Protocol

21. Which network topology connects all devices in a linear fashion, where each
device is connected to the next?
a. Bus
b. Star
c. Ring
d. Mesh

22. What is the main advantage of a star topology?

a. Redundancy
b. Simplicity
c. High fault tolerance
d. Easy scalability

23. Which networking device operates at the Data Link layer and filters traffic
based on MAC addresses?
a. Router
b. Hub
c. Switch
d. Modem

24. Which networking device operates at the Network layer and makes routing
decisions?
a. Hub
b. Switch
c. Router
d. Repeater

25. What is the function of a hub in a network?

a. Amplify signals
b. Connect devices in a star topology
c. Filter traffic based on MAC addresses
d. Make routing decisions

26. Which topology provides the highest level of redundancy and fault tolerance?
a. Bus
b. Star
c. Ring
d. Mesh

27. Which device is responsible for converting digital data to analog signals for
transmission over telephone lines?
a. Router
b. Hub
c. Modem
d. Switch

28. In a mesh topology with N devices, how many links are required for full
connectivity?
a. N
b. N/2
c. N(N-1)/2
 d. N-1

29. Which network topology is characterized by a central hub connected to multiple

devices?
a. Bus
b. Star
c. Ring
d. Mesh

30. What is the primary purpose of a firewall in a network?

a. Data encryption
b. Virus scanning
c. Unauthorized access prevention
d. Data routing

41. Which of the following is not a common use of computer networks?

a. Email communication
b. Online gaming
c. Distributed computing
d. Microwave cooking

42. What does URL stand for?

a. Uniform Resource Locator
b. Universal Resource Link
c. Uniform Resource Link
d. Universal Resource Locator

43. Which protocol is commonly used for retrieving email from a remote server?
a. SMTP
b. HTTP
c. FTP
d. POP3

44. What is the primary function of a web server?

a. Sending emails
b. Hosting websites
c. Routing network traffic
d. Assigning IP addresses

45. What is the purpose of a domain name system (DNS)?

a. Translating domain names to IP addresses
b. Providing security for network traffic
c. Managing hardware devices on a network
d. Routing data packets

46. What does IP address stand for?

a. Internet Protocol address
b. Internet Provider address
c. Internet Protocol assignment
d. Internet Packet address

47. Which protocol is used for transferring files between a local computer and a
remote server?
a. SMTP
b. HTTP
c. FTP
d. POP3

48. What is the primary role of a browser in the context of the internet?
 a. Storing website data
b. Transmitting data to the server
c. Rendering web pages for users
d. Managing IP addresses

49. Which type of network is designed for communication within a limited

geographical area, such as a home or office?
a. LAN
b. WAN
c. MAN
d. PAN

50. Which technology allows users to access remote computing resources over the
internet?
a. FTP
b. VPN
c. HTTP
d. POP3

61. In the OSI model, which layer is responsible for data encryption and
decryption?
a. Physical
b. Data Link
c. Presentation
d. Transport

62. What is the primary purpose of the Presentation layer in the OSI model?
a. Data segmentation
b. Data encryption
c. Logical addressing
d. Error detection

63. In the TCP/IP protocol suite, which layer is responsible for ensuring end-to-
end communication and data integrity?
a. Network
b. Transport
c. Data Link
d. Application

64. Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for defining how data is formatted,
presented, and converted between different data formats?
a. Data Link
b. Network
c. Presentation
d. Transport

65. In the TCP/IP protocol suite, which protocol is responsible for translating
domain names to IP addresses?
a. HTTP
b. DNS
c. SMTP
d. FTP

66. What is theprimary function of the Data Link layer in the OSI model?
a. Logical addressing
b. Error detection and correction
c. Routing data packets
d. Physical transmission
67. Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for physical transmission of data
over the network medium?
a. Network
b. Transport
c. Data Link
d. Physical

68. Which model is used to standardize and describe the functions of a networking
system with seven distinct layers?
a. OSI model
b. TCP/IP model
c. DNS model
d. HTTP model

69. In the OSI model, which layer is responsible for establishing, maintaining, and
terminating connections between devices?
a. Transport
b. Network
c. Data Link
d. Application

70. Which layer of the OSI model deals with logical addressing and routing of data
packets?
a. Data Link
b. Network
c. Transport
d. Presentation

81. Which protocol is used for sending and receiving email messages over the
internet?
a. HTTP
b. SMTP
c. FTP
d. DNS

82. What does HTTP stand for in the context of web communication?
a. HyperText Transfer Protocol
b. Hyperlink Text Transmission Protocol
c. High-Speed Text Transfer Protocol
d. Hypertext Transport Technology Protocol

83. Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for end-user communication and data
presentation?
a. Network
b. Transport
c. Presentation
d. Data Link

84. What is the purpose of an IP address in a computer network?

a. Identifying the physical location of a device
b. Identifying the manufacturer of a device
c. Identifying a device on the network
d. Identifying the device's owner

85. Which protocol is responsible for sending and receiving web pages and their
content?
a. FTP
b. SMTP
c. HTTP
 d. DNS

86. What is the primary purpose of the Transport layer in the OSI model?
a. Logical addressing
b. Data encryption
c. End-to-end communication
d. Physical transmission

87. What is the primary function of DNS (Domain Name System)?

a. Converting IP addresses to domain names
b. Translating domain names to IP addresses
c. Ensuring secure communication
d. Routing data packets

88. Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for error detection and correction?
a. Network
b. Transport
c. Data Link
d. Presentation

89. Which protocol is used for securely transferring files over a network?
a. FTP
b. SMTP
c. HTTP
d. DNS

90. What is the purpose of a web browser's cache?

a. Storing cookies
b. Storing web pages and images for faster retrieval
c. Blocking pop-up ads
d. Encrypting data

ANSWERS OF PART - 1 :-

1. b. Logical addressing
2. c. IP
3. b. Transport
4. c. SSL/TLS
5. b. Resolve MAC addresses to IP addresses
6. c. Network layer
7. d. TCP
8. a. Assigning IP addresses to devices on a network
9. a. SMTP
10. a. File Transfer Protocol
11. a. Bus
12. c. High fault tolerance
13. c. Switch
14. c. Router
15. b. Connect devices in a star topology
16. d. Mesh
17. c. Modem
18. c. N(N-1)/2
19. b. Star
20. c. Unauthorized access prevention
21. d. Microwave cooking
22. a. Uniform Resource Locator
23. d. POP3
24. b. Hosting websites
25. a. Translating domain names to IP addresses
26. a. Internet Protocol address
27. c. FTP
28. c. Rendering web pages for users
29. a. LAN
30. b. VPN
31. c. Presentation
32. b. Data encryption
33. b. Transport
34. c. Presentation
35. b. DNS
36. b. Error detection and correction
37. d. Physical
38. a. OSI model
39. a. Transport
40. b. Network
41. b. SMTP
42. a. HyperText Transfer Protocol
43. d. Data Link
44. c. Identifying a device on the network
45. c. HTTP
46. c. End-to-end communication
47. b. Translating domain names to IP addresses
48. c. Data Link
49. a. FTP
50. b. Storing web pages and images for faster retrieval
PART - 2

*Basics of Data Communications and Analog & Digital Signals:*

1. What is the fundamental purpose of data communications?

a) To transmit data over long distances
b) To process data within a computer
c) To store data in memory
d) To encrypt data

2. In data communications, what is a signal?

a) A physical medium for transmission
b) A representation of data
c) A type of encryption
d) A network device

*Transmission Impairments and Performance:*

3. Which of the following is not a common transmission impairment?

a) Attenuation
b) Noise
c) Amplification
d) Delay

4. What is latency in the context of data transmission?

a) The time it takes to transmit data over a network
b) The number of errors in data transmission
c) The distance data can travel without degradation
d) The loss of signal strength over distance

*Data Rate and Transmission Media:*

5. The data rate of a communication system is measured in:
a) Hertz (Hz)
b) Bits per second (bps)
c) Decibels (dB)
d) Volts (V)

6. Guided media for data transmission includes:

a) Fiber optic cables
b) Radio waves
c) Microwaves
d) Satellite signals

*Cabling Standards:*

7. Which organization is responsible for developing Ethernet standards?

a) IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
b) ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
c) ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
d) NSA (National Security Agency)

8. In Ethernet cabling, what is the maximum cable length for a segment in a

1000BASE-T network?
a) 100 meters
b) 500 meters
c) 1 kilometer
d) 10 kilometers

*Digital to Digital Conversion:*

9. Which digital modulation technique encodes data as variations in the phase of a

carrier signal?
a) Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)
b) Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)
c) Phase Shift Keying (PSK)
d) Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)

10. What is the purpose of line coding in digital data transmission?

a) To ensure data integrity
b) To reduce signal attenuation
c) To increase data compression
d) To modulate analog signals

*Analog to Digital Conversion:*

11. What is quantization in analog-to-digital conversion?

a) The process of encoding analog data into binary
b) The transmission of digital data over an analog channel
c) The amplification of analog signals
d) The synchronization of digital devices

12. A higher number of bits in an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) typically

results in:
a) Higher accuracy and resolution
b) Lower accuracy and resolution
c) Faster conversion speed
d) Reduced signal-to-noise ratio

*Analog to Analog Conversion:*

13. Which modulation technique is commonly used in AM radio broadcasting?
a) Amplitude Modulation (AM)
b) Frequency Modulation (FM)
c) Phase Modulation (PM)
d) Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)

14. What is the main advantage of frequency modulation (FM) over amplitude
modulation (AM)?
a) FM is less susceptible to noise.
b) FM requires less bandwidth.
c) FM is simpler to implement.
d) FM can transmit digital signals.

*Digital to Analog Conversion:*

15. In digital-to-analog conversion, what does a DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter)

do?
a) Converts digital data into analog signals
b) Converts analog data into digital signals
c) Filters out noise from analog signals
d) Enhances the security of data transmission

16. Which of the following is a common application of digital-to-analog conversion?

a) Streaming video
b) Digital audio storage
c) Ethernet networking
d) Text messaging

*Multiplexing:*

17. What is multiplexing in data communications?

a) The process of converting digital to analog signals
b) The process of combining multiple signals onto a single transmission medium
c) The process of error correction in data transmission
d) The process of encrypting data for security

18. Time-division multiplexing (TDM) divides time into:

a) Slots
b) Frequency bands
c) Voltage levels
d) Amplitude levels

*Basics of Data Communications and Analog & Digital Signals:*

1. What is the fundamental purpose of data communications?

Answer: a) To transmit data over long distances

2. In data communications, what is a signal?

Answer: b) A representation of data

*Transmission Impairments and Performance:*

3. Which of the following is not a common transmission impairment?

Answer: c) Amplification

4. What is latency in the context of data transmission?

Answer: a) The time it takes to transmit data over a network

*Data Rate and Transmission Media:*

5. The data rate of a communication system is measured in:
Answer: b) Bits per second (bps)

6. Guided media for data transmission includes:

Answer: a) Fiber optic cables

*Cabling Standards:*

7. Which organization is responsible for developing Ethernet standards?

Answer: a) IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)

8. In Ethernet cabling, what is the maximum cable length for a segment in a

1000BASE-T network?
Answer: a) 100 meters

*Digital to Digital Conversion:*

9. Which digital modulation technique encodes data as variations in the phase of a

carrier signal?
Answer: c) Phase Shift Keying (PSK)

10. What is the purpose of line coding in digital data transmission?

Answer: a) To ensure data integrity

*Analog to Digital Conversion:*

11. What is quantization in analog-to-digital conversion?

Answer: a) The process of encoding analog data into binary

12. A higher number of bits in an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) typically

results in:
Answer: a) Higher accuracy and resolution

*Analog to Analog Conversion:*

13. Which modulation technique is commonly used in AM radio broadcasting?

Answer: a) Amplitude Modulation (AM)

14. What is the main advantage of frequency modulation (FM) over amplitude
modulation (AM)?
Answer: a) FM is less susceptible to noise.

*Digital to Analog Conversion:*

15. In digital-to-analog conversion, what does a DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter)

do?
Answer: a) Converts digital data into analog signals

16. Which of the following is a common application of digital-to-analog conversion?

Answer: b) Digital audio storage

*Multiplexing:*

17. What is multiplexing in data communications?

Answer: b) The process of combining multiple signals onto a single transmission
medium

18. Time-division multiplexing (TDM) divides time into:

 Answer: a) Slots

PART-3

*Data Link Layer Design Issues*

1. What is the primary function of the Data Link Layer in the OSI model?
a. Error correction
b. Error detection
c. Routing
d. Data encryption

2. Which of the following is not a design issue in the Data Link Layer?
a. Framing
b. Flow control
c. Multiplexing
d. Error detection

3. Which design issue involves breaking a long message into smaller frames for
transmission?
a. Framing
b. Error detection
c. Multiplexing
d. Flow control

*Elementary Data Link Protocols*

4. What is the primary purpose of the stop-and-wait protocol?

a. Flow control
b. Error correction
c. Error detection
d. Synchronization

5. Which data link protocol uses acknowledgments and timeouts for reliable data
transfer?
a. ALOHA
b. CSMA/CD
c. Stop-and-wait
d. Token Ring

*Error Detection and Correction*

6. Which error detection method uses parity bits?

a. Hamming code
b. CRC
c. Checksum
d. LRC

7. Hamming code is used for:

a. Error detection and correction
b. Error detection only
c. Error correction only
d. None of the above

*Multiple Access Protocols*

8. What does CSMA stand for in CSMA/CD?

a. Carrier Sense Multiple Access
b. Collision Sensing Multiple Access
 c. Collision-Free Multiple Access
d. Carrier-Free Multiple Access

9. In ALOHA, what happens when two devices transmit data simultaneously and
collide?
a. Both devices keep transmitting
b. Both devices stop transmitting
c. One device wins the transmission
d. None of the above

*Random Access and Controlled Access*

10. Which multiple access protocol uses a contention-based approach?

a. Token Ring
b. CSMA/CD
c. Slotted ALOHA
d. Token Passing

11. Which access control method is used in Ethernet networks?

a. CSMA/CD
b. Slotted ALOHA
c. Token Passing
d. TDMA

*Ethernet Protocol*

12. In Ethernet, what is the standard cable used for 1000BASE-T (Gigabit Ethernet)?
a. Cat 5
b. Cat 5e
c. Cat 6
d. Cat 7

13. What is the maximum length of an Ethernet frame (including preamble and FCS) in
IEEE 802.3?
a. 64 bytes
b. 1024 bytes
c. 1518 bytes
d. 9216 bytes

14. Which Ethernet frame field is used to indicate the type of data contained in
the frame?
a. Preamble
b. SFD (Start Frame Delimiter)
c. Frame Check Sequence (FCS)
d. EtherType

15. Which Ethernet technology allows multiple devices to share the same physical
medium but avoids collisions?
a. Ethernet Hub
b. Ethernet Switch
c. Ethernet Bridge
d. Ethernet Repeater

*Data Link Layer Design Issues*

1. What is the primary function of the Data Link Layer in the OSI model?
- Answer: b. Error detection

2. Which of the following is not a design issue in the Data Link Layer?
 - Answer: c. Multiplexing

3. Which design issue involves breaking a long message into smaller frames for
transmission?
- Answer: a. Framing

*Elementary Data Link Protocols*

4. What is the primary purpose of the stop-and-wait protocol?

- Answer: a. Flow control

5. Which data link protocol uses acknowledgments and timeouts for reliable data
transfer?
- Answer: c. Stop-and-wait

*Error Detection and Correction*

6. Which error detection method uses parity bits?

- Answer: c. Checksum

7. Hamming code is used for:

- Answer: a. Error detection and correction

*Multiple Access Protocols*

8. What does CSMA stand for in CSMA/CD?

- Answer: a. Carrier Sense Multiple Access

9. In ALOHA, what happens when two devices transmit data simultaneously and
collide?
- Answer: a. Both devices keep transmitting

*Random Access and Controlled Access*

10. Which multiple access protocol uses a contention-based approach?

- Answer: b. CSMA/CD

11. Which access control method is used in Ethernet networks?

- Answer: a. CSMA/CD

*Ethernet Protocol*

12. In Ethernet, what is the standard cable used for 1000BASE-T (Gigabit Ethernet)?
- Answer: b. Cat 5e

13. What is the maximum length of an Ethernet frame (including preamble and FCS) in
IEEE 802.3?
- Answer: d. 9216 bytes

14. Which Ethernet frame field is used to indicate the type of data contained in
the frame?
- Answer: d. EtherType

15. Which Ethernet technology allows multiple devices to share the same physical
medium but avoids collisions?
- Answer: b. Ethernet Switch