Gas leakage detection and alerting system using Arduino Uno

Abstract The presence of hazardous LPG gas leakage in a domestic, work place, also, stored gases
container gas which exhibits ideal characteristic is use. For that sake, an alarm unit is used to vibrate an
alarm which is buzzer. Buzzer gives an audible sign of the presence of LPG volume. The sensors are
widely used to detect essence of propane, iso-butane, LPG and even smoke. The sensor has an advantage
to combine a sensitivity response time. If the LPG sensor senses gas leak from work place or home,
sensor output goes to active low (logic-0) condition. Arduino UNO is used in the project; low signals are
overlooked by the Arduino and gas leakage is been noticed by the Arduino. The Arduino UNO turns on
the LCD and buzzer.

INTRODUCTION
Gas leakages and fire outbreaks in industries as well as houses have led to wide destruction and
losses in the past. Gas leakages and fire outbreaks both spread widely and lead to even greater
loss of life and property if proper action is not taken on time. So here we propose a system that
detects gas as well as fire outbreaks and alert us accordingly so that user can take proper action
to control it.

Disaster planning and response require complex and more scientific analysis. The phases of the
detection and rescue process need a highly efficient management system, which can predict the
disaster, prevent, prepare, trigger immediate medical response, assistance, and rehabilitation [1].
The disaster that causes severe losses in human lives and associated goods because of a large
amount of heat produced is called as a thermal disaster. In case of a burn disaster, a known
thermal agent acts on living beings giving rise to a number of injuries and even death. The heat
dissipation is generally on a very large scale [2]. The project focuses on the man-made disasters
like leakage of gas or the worst case of a fire. Toxic and inflammable gases are widely used in
industry, heating systems, home appliances and vehicles. This includes combustible gases like
propane, ethane, butane, methane, ethylene etc. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), also referred to
as propane or butane are normally stored in pressurized cylinders in liquid form and they
vaporize at normal temperatures. A leakage can ignite and cause an explosion [3]. The LPG gas
is denser and heavier than the other constituent gases present in the air and it settles close to
ground when it leaks. A powerful exhaust system must be used in order to dispose it into the
open atmosphere [4]. The preparation section and the response section will be managed by our
project. The measured sensor values can be readily monitored by the security agency as well as
any person concerned with the help of data logging in Internet Of Things (IoT). The primary
focus of the project is to make a building independent monitoring system so that the loss of
connectivity does not occur due to the damage in the building.

Now- a – days, the industrial monitoring field requires more manual power to monitor and
control the industrial parameters such as temperature, humidity, gas etc. this is the most
upcoming issues in the industrial sectors. if the parameters are not monitored and control
properly, it leads to a harmful situation. Most of the industries are facing those kinds of situation
because of some manual mistakes. To overcome manual mistakes we are using industrial
automation with internet of things. WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS (WSN) has been
employed to collect data about physical phenomena in various applications such as habitat
monitoring, and ocean monitoring, and surveillance.

Proposed method
Figure 1 represents the block diagram of the gas leakage detection and alerting system. Arduino UNO
(Atmega-328) is the main unit of the system which performs the following tasks. A signal conditioning of
the Arduino UNO is done by output signal of the sensor, provided input to Arduino. The detection results
displayed on LCD. Indicates the people of danger in work place, factory, home. Buzzer activity with
beep(siren) sound is made.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

POWER SUPPLY

LPG SENSOR LCD

BUZZER

ARDUINO UNO
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
 ARDUINO UNO
 LPG SENSOR
 LCD
 BUZZER

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

ARDUINO UNO:
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on 8-bit ATmega328P microcontroller. Along
with ATmega328P, it consists other components such as crystal oscillator, serial communication,
voltage regulator, etc. to support the microcontroller. Arduino Uno has 14 digital input/output
pins (out of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog input pins, a USB connection, A
Power barrel jack, an ICSP header and a reset button.

The board can operate on an external supply of 6 to 20 volts. If supplied with less than 7V,
however, the 5V pin may supply less than five volts and the board may be unstable. If using
more than 12V, the voltage regulator may overheat and damage the board. The recommended
range is 7 to 12 volts.
MQ2 Sensor:
MQ-2 gas sensor module is shown in fig.3. It is a sensor detector used to detects the flammable gas and
smoke concentration of the combustible gas in the air, and output is read in the analog voltage and digital
value output. Supply input voltage is 5v. it is very sensitive to H2, LPG, CH4, CO, SMOKE, PROPANE.
It has three pins for transmitter, receiver, ground and sensitivity can be adjust by the potentiometer.
Detects LPG from 200ppm to 10000ppm.
Figure 3 MQ-2 Gas sensor