Varanasi

Indian Institute of Technology (BHU)

Department of Civil Engineering
CE41:ENGINEERINGIYDROLOGY
B. tech 7 semester
2023-24
Mid Semester Examination Dale: 12-09-2023
Mux Marks: 100
Duration 2 hours
Instructions:
Altempt all questions
Assume missing data unless i's provided on the buckside of the question paper:
Draw clean figures wherever necessary
effective droplet size (Do in mm)
Vueston I. (a) Derege et al, 2014 found tbat the intensity of rainfall (l in mm/h) and
follow the relationship given by
Dso(mm) = 0.82 In(mm/hr) +1.942 Lquation

fall on the surface but

Tound that any raindrop in the stratosphere. with terminal velocity less than 2 m/s will not
Gy alsO back.
Cvaporate In their experiment they neclected the friction due to air and found that coefficientof drag on the raindrop
(Consider
SCa0.671. On I5th August. 2023. followine raindron size distribution was observed in the stratosphere over the
Varanasi while the westerly winds of5 m/s were prevailing
eno distribution for each hour), over IIT (BHU)
area and there has been no rainfallsince 5h August.
11:00 AM 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 2:00 PM
Time 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 10:00 AM
Dso (mm) (0 20 0.40 00 3.00 4 00 004
0.01
No. of Drops 872 621 487 618
739 640 590
304 304
Temperature (K) 300 299 302 303 305

Using the above raindrop size distribution and eguation-I, preparc the RainfallHyetograph for the event.
(b)Further, the entire campus of IIT (BHU) Varanasican be considered to be a complete circle of radius 10 km, which
consists of following, streams. Soil and LULC characteristics.

Clay

Poor Condhion Lawn

Gand lay

lCenter
Rrsidential perviou)?
Clav Sand Clay Aree (0M

Paved Mir eets

Clav Paved
prn dhes
Parkag Loh
Outlet

reamsn the Basn

Sol Map JLC Map

Lnefthe recent studies, it was found that tocalculate the peak runoff, Runoff Coefficient (Cea)
must be modified by a
multiplication factor M(1+Drainage Density). Considering the Potential Retention Parameter is applicable for one-week
dration find the Modified Equivalent Runoff Coefficient (MCeq) using the rainfallevent of part (a) and
then compute the
equivalent index.
(15+35=50 Marks)
Osoetion 2. The Green Campus committee of IIT(BHU) decided to plant 300 Palm trees to be distributed
R area of1000 m² (Presently paved area). Following properties of the palm tree are taken from the uniformly over
literature
Palm Tree Age (year) 2 3 7 12 16
Leaf area Index 0.68 1.07 1.16 I59 1.64 1.71
Surface area per tree (m') 0.50 0.20 1.00 1.20 1.50 2.00
Max water Storage per unitfoliage area (mm) 0.01 0.04 0.08 0.10 0.20 0.30
Auniform and constant rainfall Iof 3 hours duration having a total depth of 500 mm
occurs on the 16" August every year.
Find the annual linear trend of change in the Potential Runoff, due to
planting these trees, (neglect the
evaporation rate (which can be effect the first
combination method toestimate the of
two yearsof planting trees) use the
for all the years), assume roughness height =0.03 cm and wind speed at the height of 2m=3me considered same

(50 Marks)
9532810930)
Dr. Pramod Soni (Ph No. Page 1 of 2
 Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi
Departmentof Civil Engineering
CE 411: ENGINEERING HYDROLOGY
B. tech 7th semester
*Useful Data and Formulae*
Drag Coefficient = 0671, R 0034co 2r(J -2)|(, sin ¢sin 8+
Density of pure water = 1000 kg/m 365 sin o, sin ¢sin ö) a, +b, "
Density of air =12 kg/m
IIT(BHU)= 25C R, =|366 W/m 24 -cos
Temperaturç (Z m height) over cos-tan dtan ) 0.0145 +sin osin 8
Annual Average Air
Temperature over IIT(BHU) =30 °C. coS cos S
Annual Average Surface I|T(BHU)= 40 °C
Max Average Temperaturein
August over 8=0 409sin 2z-81 P.C,(T,-T,)
Temperature in August over IIT(BHU)= 20 °C 365
0.6221, (e, -e.)
Min Average
hours in August over IIT(BHU)=7
Average Observed sunshine
Average Spec1fic Humid1ty in August
Average Surface Pressure over lIT(BHU)=
over I|T(BHU)= 0.8
101325 Pa,
IIT(BHU)=0.03 cm:
R,-o|4--)
For
l|T(BHU)» a, =0.14, b, =0.56; a, =0.34; b,
0622 k'PM
Ealm) Pp, ns,/jle, -,)
=0.051, a, =0.1to 0.33
Average Surface Roughness height over

Latent Heat of Vaponzation 2501 x10°-2370T, (Jkg) Area Runoff Coefficient Range
Saturation Vapour Pressure (Pa) =61|lexp| (17.27 x7
237.3+T Residential Single-farnily areas 0.3-0.5
Specific Heat of Water:1000 J/ kgC
Residential Multi units, detached |
0.4-0.6
Coord1nates of IIT (BHU)= 83 E. 25.26N
Stefan-Boltzmann Constant=5.67 x10* W/(m²xK*) Parks, cemeteries 0.1-025

Von Kaman Constant = 04 Playgrounds 0.2-0.35

Sp Gravity of Hg =136 Lawns Sandy soil, flat: 2% 0.05-0.1
Gravitational Acceleration =9.81 m's
Asphaltic Streets 0.7-0.95
Drag Force Cop4? Roofs 0.75-095

Curve Numbers for different hvdrologic Soil Groups Intensity-Duration-Freguency Coefficients

Area A B C D
Open space (lawns, parks, golf courses, cemeteries, ete.) Zone Locsßoe
68 79 86 89
Poor condition (grass cover <50%) Centra
Bhoos
Naggur
6.9298
114
0.182
0.1560
50 18767
1024
Fair condition (grass cover 50% to 75%) 49 69 79 84 Rzipur 468
Average .4645 D.1712 D79 0g509
Good Condition (Grass Cover >75%) 39 61 74 80
Alahabad 4911 0.1667 ).2 0 5293
Paved parking lots 98 98 98 98 Amritsar 14
D.1304 1 2062

Dehradun
Norhem
Streets and roads:
Sineoer 503 02730 10636
Paved: curbs and storm sewers 98 98 98 98 Average 5914 01823 50 1.0127

Paved: open ditches 83 89 92 93 Aoatt

Kalata 5940
0.1177
01150
05
0.1
Q8191
Ls241
Gravel 76 85 91 Eastern Guwahat 720 Q1157 0.7 09401
Jharsuguia A.596 0.1392 7 D 5740
Dirt 72 82 89 Average 6933 0.1353

Urban districts: Commercial and business 89 92 94 95 Aurangatbed 0.1450

0.1919
D.SU 10823
0g902
3.823 02
Westom
Residential area by % Impervious: Veraval 7 7R7
3974
0 2087
0.164 01 0 7327
Average
65% Impervious 7 85 92 Bancalore 6275 0.1262 1.1280
38% Impervious 61 75 83 87 Southern
Hyderabed
Chenna
6.250
6.12
01354
01684
0.5
05
10285

30% Impervious 57 72 8 8 Triandrum

Average
6.762
631
0.1536
0.1523
25% Impervious 70 80 8
20% Impervious 5 68 79 84
12% Impervious 46 65 77 82
Fallow Bare Soil 77 86 91 94

Dr. Pramod Soni (Ph

No.
9532810930) Page 2 of 2