1. Define Curriculum Design.

Curriculum design refers to the process of developing a pla or framework for

teaching and learning activities within an educational plan. It is the process of organizing
the instructional units for subject or a course. It includes selecting and sequencing
objectives, materials, activities, and assessments that aim to develop student’s knowledge
and skills. Curriculum design considers the learner, the content, and the learning
environment.

2. Identify different examples of Curriculum Designs.

According to Teachmint, the following are some examples of curriculum design:
Subject-Centered Design
A subject-centered curriculum design emphasizes a certain subject or field, like
biology, literature, or mathematics. This approach to curriculum design frequently puts
the subject—rather than the student—at the forefront. It is the type of standardized
curriculum that K12 schools use most frequently.
Lists of subjects or particular topics and how they should be studied are compiled
by teachers. This form of teaching is frequently seen in universities or college classes in
higher education, where lecturers concentrate on a particular subject or discipline.
The only downside with this type of curriculum design is that it is not student-
centered and is less concerned with individual learning preferences. Students who are not
responsive may fall behind as a result, which might affect their motivation and
engagement.
Learner-Centered Curriculum Design
Learner-centered curriculum design, on the other hand, takes into account the
needs, interests, and goals of each individual. In other words, it recognizes that every
learner is unique and adapts to their needs. The goal of learner-centered curriculum
design is to give students control over their education and provide them the freedom to
make decisions about it.
A learner-centered curriculum has varied lesson plans that allow students to select
their own tasks, lessons, and activities. Students may be inspired and encouraged to
remain interested in the lessons they are learning as a result.
This method of curriculum creation has the problem of being labor-intensive. It is
the teacher's responsibility to develop differentiated education that meets the needs of
each student's learning and/or identify materials that support that training. Teachers might
not have the time, experience, or abilities to develop such a strategy. In order to create a
curriculum that is learner-centered, teachers must strike a difficult balance between the
needs and interests of the students and the standards that must be met.
Problem-Centered Curriculum Design
Problem-centered curriculum design is a type of student-centered design, just like
the learner-centered design. The main goal of a problem-centered curriculum is to
educate students on how to analyze a situation and find a solution. As a result, students
are exposed to real-world problems, which aids in the development of transferable
abilities.
The relevance of the curriculum is increased through problem-centered
curriculum design, which also encourages innovation and creativity in the students. This
method of curriculum design has the issue of not always taking learning styles into
account.

3. Discuss the things to consider in designing a Curriculum.

The following are some of the things to consider in designing a curriculum:
Learners
Considering the factors such as learners’ age, developmental stage, cultural
background, prior knowledge and experience, and learning styles are very crucial in
developing a curriculum as they are the direct subject of curriculum
Objectives
 In designing a curriculum, learning objectives should be made clear and
measurable, it should reflect what students should know and be able to know upon
completion of the lesson.
Content
The content should be appropriate for the level of the learners, aligned with the
learning objectives, and relevant to the real world.
Teaching Methods
Teaching methods should be based on the learners’ needs, the learning objectives,
and the content of the curriculum.
Assessment and Evaluation
Assessment and evaluation should be aligned with the learning objectives and the
content of the curriculum. It should measure the effectiveness of the curriculum.
Resources
The curriculum should take into consideration the available resources and should
have the appropriate resources such as, textbooks, materials, equipment, and technology.

4. Identify the features of a good curriculum design.

According to Study Lecture Notes, the curriculum design should incorporate the
following features:
1. Content being taught.
2. A clear and measurable goals and objectives.
3. Ways in which the objectives will be attained.
4. An appraisal scheme for determining the work of the students.
5. Determining the adequacy of the curriculum.

Choose 1 pillar of an Effective Reading Programs and create an essay considering

your observations about the schools nowadays.

DYNAMIC INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP

Advancements in technology and research, changing economic trends, and

government policies mandating educational reform are just some of the many
factors that contribute to changes in the educational curriculum. Educational
institutions must improve their curriculum to align with these changes. For
example, the advancement in technology requires new skills that must be developed
within students in order to be competent in their future careers. Instructors must
always take these requirements into consideration when facilitating their learners.

This relates to the dynamic instructional leadership as one of the pillars of an

effective reading programs. This is the implementation of scientifical based reading
research in the classroom. This pillar is dynamic as it considers the different
learners’ needs and capabilities in reading instructions. In kindergarten, the use of
Marungko Approach is highly recommended as this enable students to learn to read
faster. This shows that teaching various areas in education is not static but
continuously improves.

Dynamic instructional leadership is a very important component of an

effective reading program as it requires a strong active commitment to supporting
improved reading instruction. Teachers are trained to provide appropriate support
to students, teaching with clear established goals and objectives. This pillar is
present in most schools nowadays, as this meets the needed support of the learners.