DR. FELIPE A.

MERANO
 Fundamental Tools
• are used to evaluate the amount and variety
of foods.
• Two Types:
– a. Qualitative tools
– b. Quantitative tools
 Planning a Healthy Diet
A diet is well planned if:
• it has enough essential nutrients
• is balanced with regard to food types
• offers energy value that matches energy spent in an
activity
• is moderate in unwanted dietary constituents
• offers an array of selections
 Elements of Healthy Diet
• Adequacy - foods chosen provide enough of each
important nutrient, fiber, and energy.
• Proportionality / Balance - any food can be part of
healthy diet as long as the overall intake throughout
the day or week gives enough of all the nutrients
needed.
• Calorie control - food provide the amount of calories
a person needs to sustain appropriate weight.
 Elements of Healthy Diet
• Moderation - having enough but not in excess of
what is needed.
• Variety - selecting food from different food groups.
• Nutrient Density- select foods that deliver most
nutrients for the least amount of food energy.
 Food Guides
• Tools devised to aid in planning, procuring,
preparing, serving, and consuming meals for
both normal and therapeutic diets of
individuals or groups
• a.k.a. Food Groups
• FNRI - Food and Nutrition Research Institute
• DOST - Department of Science and Technology,
• RDI - Research and Development Institute
 Uses of Dietary Guides
• Used for planning nutritious diets for
individuals and population group.
• Used in Qualitative and Quantitative
assessment on the nutritional adequacy of a
diet.
 Food Guides
• Your Guide to Good Nutrition (YGGN)
–Plate Model
–Food Wheel
–Food Pyramid Guide
 Your Guide to Good Nutrition(YGGN)
• Provide healthy tips to plan, select and prepare
adequate meals for the family
• Provides the average daily allowance for
different food groups that people need to
maintain good health.
• Helps people to select the right kind of food to
eat everyday.
 Your Guide to Good Nutrition(YGGN)
Three food groups:
• 1. Energy Foods
– high in carbohydrates and fats like rice,
starchy foods and fat-rich foods.
• 2. Body-Building Foods
– rich in protein and minerals.
• 3. Regulating Foods
– rich in vitamins, minerals, fiber, and water like fruits
and vegetables.
 Plate Model
• A dinner plate is used as a graphical
representation of a pie chart.
• ½ plate – vegetables
• ¼ plate – grain products (pasta, potatoes, rice)
• ¼ plate - meat alternatives
• On the sides: fruit/low fat milk or yogurt/
grains like bread, rolls
 Food Wheel
• Adapted by FNRI (Food Nutrition Research
Institute); graphic representation of YGGN
• Four groups or sections
– 1. energy giving foods (GO)
– 2. body building foods (GROW)
– 3. body regulating foods (GLOW)
– 4. eat the recommended amount for each food
group daily
 Food Pyramid Guide
• A pictorial form of daily food guide.
• Teaches the principle of eating a variety of foods
everyday, the need for moderation in some food groups
while emphasizing the importance of other food items.
• Ms. Sanirose Orbeta, RD -
• in 1996 added another layer at the base w/c highlights
the importance of water and other fluids.
• REFERENCE:
http://www.fnri.dost.gov.ph/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=1666