METU/ SFL
PRE-INTERMEDIATE GROUP
ACTIVE VOCABULARY LIST FOR MTR I – 2nd SPAN
WEEK 1
TEXT 67 LUCKY PEOPLE
 to remain healthy / calm / silent (v)
 to make accurate / reliable estimate (n)
- to estimate that + sentence // estimate sth
to be sth (v)
 physical / manual labour (n)
 to contribute to sth (v)
 isolation (from sb / sth) (n)
 to be isolated (from sb / sth) (adj)
TEXT 92 EXAM FITNESS
 to depend on sth (phrasal v)
 to replace sth (with sth) (v)
- to be replaced with sth/sb
 improved performance (adj)
- to improve performance / skills/
productivity/ behaviour (v)
- to require/make/ notice/ show big/ huge
improvement (in sth) (n)
 a lack of sth/sleep/ financial sources (n)
 to work/ function properly (adv)
 full/close/international/public attention //
give (sb/sth)/ pay/ turn/ attract/ distract
attention (n)
WEEK 2
TEXT 54 ALL YOU WANT TO LEARN ABOUT CORN
 to survive a situation
 in other words*
 to be originally grown
 to depend on/upon smt/s.o.
Fall 2023
 to separate sb / sth from sb / sth (v)
 inherited factors (adj)
- to inherit sth (from sb) (v)
 remarkable progress / memory / talent (adj)
 pressures of everyday/modern life // to be und
pressure // public/political pressure (n)
 to have no intention of doing sth (n)
 the/sb’s intention to do sth
 reduction in sth
/stress/consumption/pollution/pay // a
dramatic/substantial reduction// to make a
reduction on/in sth (n)
 require/lose concentration // intense/poor/be
concentration (on sth) (n)
- to concentrate on sth (v)
 to keep sb alert (adj)
 to (badly/seriously/totally) disrupt sth/ peace/
progress (v)
 to suffer badly / severely/ alone // to suffer fro
disease/ migraine (v)
 an important/major/minor source of food (n.)
 production of smt. (n.)
- a range of products
 to quickly/ easily/ remove smt.
 - to have/reduce dependence X  a wide/full range of colours (n.)
independence on smt/s.o (n.)  to be made from smt.
- to be dependent X independent on smt/s.o.  to run on fuel
TEXT 75 EXPLORING THE DEPTHS OF THE OCEAN

 to explore smt.  to be surrounded by smt

 to develop a robot / a program / technology /  geographical feature // standard / ma
drugs important / significant feature
 to be attached to smt  energy / water shortage // shortage of smt.
 on the surface of the ocean / moon / Earth  an overcrowded place
 miss / hit the target to make use of smt.
WEEK 3

TEXT 73 OCEAN EXPLORATION

 to rely on/upon s.o./smt.  to prevent s.o. from doing smt.// to prevent s

- to be/become reliable X unreliable from happening
 to take part in an activity  to be in constant use
 to explore places - constantly
- the exploration of places (n.)  a scene of disaster (n.)
 to be/become/seem/get interested in s.o./smt.  to escape from smt/s.o./place
- to have an interest in s.o/smt.  to (quickly/slightly) descend to a place
 to investigate the earth’s structure  to enable s.m. to do smt.
to carry out/ hold an investigation (n.)  to be capable of (doing) smt.

TEXT 105 HISTORY OF ECONOMICS

 to dominate smt./s.o.  an affluent society/area/groups/life

- a dominating character - the growing affluence of smt.
 to usher (smt.) in (an era)  to condemn s.o./smt.
 to fuel rumors/speculation // to be fueled by  to seek smt (refuge/shelter/asylum)
smt.  to be an important influence on s.o.
 an important commodity
TEXT 57 MEAT? NO, THANKS

 to be/become aware of smt.  in addition*

 to meet with suspicion  to indicate that
- to be suspicious of s.o./smt.  a negative/positive attitude to/towards smt.
 to be regarded with distrust
 to have/feel/express distrust X to
have/gain/put trust
 to be conscious of smt.
- consciously
 to be associated with smt.
 an advantage X disadvantage of smt.
 to contribute to/towards smt.
 overall*
WEEK 4
TEXT 99 RECYCLING
 to recycle smt.
- recycled material
 to be durable
- the durability of smt.
 long-term X short-term effects
 to realize that + clause / to realize smt.
TEXT 128 STEPHEN HAWKING: CHANGING OUR VIEW OF THE UNIVERSE
 to struggle to do sth (v)
 to deal with sb/sth (phrasal verb)
 to rule sth/a country/for a period of time (v)
 the law of gravity // the force of gravity (n)
 gravitational pull of the planets/the Earth
 extraordinary (adj)
 to remain a mystery (n)
 incredibly (adv)
 a dense population/forest/fog/region/area
(adj)
 to exert force/pressure/influence (v)
TEXT 58 A HEALTHY DIET FOR EVERYONE (In-class)
 to be/become/get/appear confused about smt.
- to have confusion over/about smt. // to
cause a lot of confusion among s.o.
 to suggest smt (that + clause)
 similarly*
 to be/seem/look (completely/highly) artificial
 to prohibit (from) smt.
 to react to smt.
- to show/have a reaction to/against smt.
 to be regarded as smt. // to regard s.o. as smt
 to consider s.o/smt to be smt. // to be consid
as smt. (Part B. Q1)
 to export X import goods/products
- to export (smt.) to a place/ to import (
from a place
 to invest in smt.
- to attract/make an investment in smt.
 to run a business
 to use up (sth) // to use (sth) up (comple
(phrasal verb)
 to emit gas/heat/light/energy/electrons (v)
 to confine sb to sth (v)
 barely (adv)
 to progress rapidly/quickly/slowly (v)
 to give up (doing) sth (phrasal verb)
 to lead a busy/quiet/sedentary/normal/activ
(v)
 to soar dramatically (v) // temperatures/ pr
costs soar
 In contrast*
 to advise s.o. to do smt. // to advise against
smt. // to advise smt. (that + clause)
- to be advisable
 WEEK 5

TEXT 100 JOJOBA OIL COULD FUEL CARS AND TRUCKS

 to release sth  chemically stable

 to pollute sth  to monitor performance/progress
 to release pollutants  respectively
 a search for sth  to pursue sth
 to shrink  to cultivate seeds
 a concern over/about sth  decade
 to endure
 enduring resources
TEXT 110 RAISING A SMILE

 to regard sb/sth as sth (v)
- be regarded as sth
 sense of superiority/relief/panic (n)
 to lack self-confidence/necessary skills/
consistency/money (v)
 a means of releasing energy/transport/
communication (n)
 to provide relief/information/medical care //
to provide sb with sth // to provide sth for
sb (v)
 a harmless creature/substance/drug (adj)
 to reveal that + sentence// reveal the truth/
important/new/interesting information/
details (v)
 to perceive sth/sb as sth // to perceive
sth/sb to be sth (v)
- perception of sth (n)
TEXT 162 CINEMA
 to have a great influence (on sth) (n)
 to enable sb/sth to do sth (v)
 to reduce sth significantly/considerably (v)
 to see sb as a threat // to present / pose a th
to sb/sth (n)
 anxiety (about/over sth) (n)
 to establish relations/links/contact (with sb)
 implication (of sth) (for sth) (n)
 to avoid (doing) sth (v)
 to achieve sth/success/your goal/your dream
 to cope with a problem/situation (v)
 attitude to/towards sb/sth (n)
 to allow sb to do sth (v)
 significantly higher/lower/worse/better //
increase/decrease significantly (adv)
- significant increase/improvement (adj)

 rapidly growing/changing/expanding (adv)  to make/reach a compromise (n)

 a rapid change/growth (adj)  to compromise (with sb) (on sth) (v)
  solely (adv)
 sole survivor / responsibility (adj)
 to flourish (v)
 to make innovations in sth/ computer
technology // financial /organizational /
technological/ technical innovation (n)
 commercially viable // commercially
produced/ grown/developed (adv)
 a commercial organization/success (adj)
 to release a movie/book/CD (v)
 the golden era (n)
 the advent of sth (n)
 fierce competition criticism/opposition (adj)
WEEK 6
TEXT 77 DESIRE TO FLY
 to envy s.o.
 to imitate s.o./smt.
- an cheap imitation
 to construct smt. from smt.
- to be constructed of smt.
- to be under construction
- the construction of smt.
 to be capable of smt.
TEXT 78 BALLOONING
 a means/form of (public/air) transportation(n.) 
- to transport s.o./smt. to a place
 to attach smt. to smt.
- to be attached to smt.
 to be expected X unexpected
unexpectedly
TEXT 94 HOW THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT WORKS
 a pressing problem/need/matter
 to decline (v)
 a rapid/sharp/gradual/dramatic decline (in sth
 consistently (adv)
 to be consistent X inconsistent (adj)
 contemporary directors/music/dance (adj)
 a prolific artist/writer/author (adj)
 a striking resemblance/similarity/contrast (ad
 competition (between/with sb) (for sth) (n)
 competitive (adj)
 to compete with/against sb for sth (v)
 a lasting influence/ peace/ impression (adj)
 // long-lasting effect
 to encourage s.o. to do smt.
- to encourage s.o in smt.
- encourage X discourage
- to discourage s.o from doing smt.
 to train s.o. in smt.
- to train s.o. to do smt.
- to train to do smt.
 to feel intense pain/heat/pressure
 to gather (around/round)
to invent smt.
- the invention of smt. (n.)
- an inventor/ the inventor of smt. (n.)
 a piece of equipment (n.)
- office/camping/kitchen/electrical equipmen
to run on fuel
 to be unprecedented in smt.
 to accelerate sth
 to face a problem/challenge
- to be faced with a problem/challenge
WEEK 7
TEXT 133 MIXED MESSAGES ACROSS CULTURES
 to be the mother/native tongue
 to ignore s.o.
- to feel ignored
 to make an assumption about s.o./smt// that +
clause
- to be based on the assumption that + clause
 to impose smt. on s.o.
 to offend s.o.
- to be offended by/at smt.
 to lay smt/s.o on/down
 a conventional behavior/clothes/medicine/
therapy
TEXT 123 HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
 to communicate with sb (v)
 to run a software/a computer program/a virus
check (v)
 eventually (adv)
 miraculous results (adj)
 a big/large/giant/powerful corporation // an
international/a multinational corporation // to
own/control a corporation (n)
 to connect instantaneously (adv)
 to be in pursuit of sth // educational/financial/
academic/artistic pursuits (n)
 to keep sb up-to-date on sth // up-to-date
information/data (adj)
 suppressed nations (adj)
 to propose sth // to propose to do sth // to
propose that + sent. (v)
 to visualize sb/sth // to visualize sb doing sth
(v)
 (to form) the foundation of sth (n)
- at an unprecedented rate
 to retain control of smt./ to retain heat
 arid regions/deserts
 to notice s.o.’s presence
- in the presence of smt./s.o.
 to show involvement in smt.
- to involve s.o. in smt.
 to be/become/get involved in/with smt
 to admit (to s.o.) that + clause
- to admit to doing smt.
 to feel insulted
- to insult s.o. by doing smt.
 to negotiate with s.o.
- to enter/break off/resume negotiations with
s.o.//between Y and Z
 an interaction with/between s.o./smt.
-to interact with s.o./smt.
 to exceed sth/sb’s expectations (v)
 social/cultural/technological/agricultural
revolution (n)
 major innovations // innovations in sth (n)
 an information utility (n)
 to (greatly) simplify sth (v)
 to invest time/money/effort in sth. (v)
 stock (exchange) (n)
 basic/industrial/marketable/cheap/expensive
rare/valuable/prime commodities (n)
 to have high/low expectations // to exceed/go
beyond/live up to/be up to sb’s expectations
 the convenience of sth (n)
 convenient (adj)
 efficiency (n)
 to coin a phrase/a term (idiom)
 to be destined to do sth (adj)
 to introduce sth / sb (v)
TEXT 137 THE HISTORY OF FOOTBALL
 to be an ancient X modern game
 to compete with/against s.o./smt.
- to win/lose/hold/ take part in a
competition // to be in (a fierce/intense)
competition with s.o./ smt. // a competition
between people
- to be a competitor in smt.
- to be (highly/fiercely/intensely) competitive
 supposedly
 to celebrate/claim/lead to/win/achieve (a
major/great) victory over/against/for s.o./smt.
 dramatic increase/improvement/changes (adj
to change/decrease dramatically (adv)
 fertility X infertility rates
 to live in a primitive society
 to invade/control/rule a territory// a
new/occupied/unknown/enemy/hostile territ
 to be necessary/struggle/fight for survival// to
ensure the survival of s.o. // the survival
rate/instinct
- to struggle to/manage to/likely to survive
to barely/hardly survive a situation
 an opponent X proponent (of smt.)
 to bring/achieve (a period/time of) prosperity