1 Energy in food (ex sin Out) + Why do we need food? + How do plants make their own food? + How do onimals obtain energy? |. © Why is the Sun important to living things on the Earth? What does a person need to stay alive? ey eo When a natural disaster strikes, people sometimes lose their homes. Help must quickly reach the survivors to provide them with their basic needs so that they can live, Why do people need food to stay alive? Oo plants need food? If plants do not eat, how do they get their food? ee ; 6 Gari‘Why do we need food? We eat when we are hungry. We need food to stay alive. Food gives us the energy that we need for activities such as f breathing, moving and growing. When we are more active, we need more energy. We eat a variety of food for energy. For example, we eat plants and animals. Our food also includes products of plants ond animals such as bread and milk. Besides energy, food also gives us nutrients such as minerals and vitamins. Eoting a variety of foed is important for us to stay healthy. ‘A We get energy from a variety of food. All living things get energy from food. Plants and animals obtain food in different ways. (Workbook activity 1.19 Energy in food f3How do plants make their own food? Plants make their own food using light, carbon dioxide and water. This process is called photosynthesis. Plants can make food because they have a green substance called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is found mostly in the leaves. Itis found in the chloroplasts of plant cells. Light is trapped by chlorophyll in the leaves. Chlorophyll is found in the chloroplasts of a leaf. Olets connect Water is absorbed ‘You will leam about how water by the roots and Se Food er [fansported to the ri it in lear themed Syterss ves and other Parts of the plant, & EnergyChlorophyll traps light to enable plants to make food. The food which plants make is sugar. Sugar produced in the leaves is transported to other parts of the plants such as the foots and flowers. The amount of sugar produced depends ‘on the amount of light, carbon dioxide and water that the Sea plonts get. light catbon dioxide + water ——2~— sugar + oxygen | Carbon dioxide is token in | | by the plant through tiny ‘openings on its leaves. ‘Sugar is produced in the ‘Oxygen is also produced tiny openings leaves and transported to during photosynthesis. Itis other parts of the plant. given out by the plant through the tiny openings on its leaves. What ore the factors that can affect the rate 9 of photosynthesis? of photosynt! important to us?Plants use the energy in the sugar to stay alive. If plants produce more sugar than they need, the extra sugar is changed into starch and stored in different parts of the plants. 5 oo ‘A Bananas, sweet potatoes and potatoes are examples of - 7 different parts of plants which store starch. A The oxygen produced by water plants can be observed as bubbles coming out of the The oxygen produced by plants during photosynthesis is given _ eaves. out to the surroundings. " (Workbook activities 1.4 ond 1.5 How do animals obtain energy? Unlike plants, animals cannot make their own food. Animals ‘obtain energy by eating other living things such as plants and animals. > Bears obtain their energy by eating fish. able to photosynthesise Givits Olt comect! Giant pandas eat mostly bamboo You will learn about the nts, The pandas spend many relationship between ours o doy eating in order to get plants and animals in the ‘enough energy. theme of Interactions. (Workbook activity 1.6 J 6b EnergyWhy is the Sun important to living things on the Earth? Living things on the Earth depend on the Sun as the primary source of heat and light. Heat from the Sun keeps the Earth warm for living things to stay alive. Light from the Sun enables animals to see. In what other ways do animals and plants depend on light from the Sun? Look at the sandwich shown below. It is made up of bread, cheese, chicken, tomato slices and lettuce leaves. This Sandwich is food which gives us energy. Let us trace where the energy in the sandwich comes from. Bread is made from wheat flour. Wheat flour comes from wheat plants. Cheese is made from milk, Milk comes, cows which eat plants such as grass, Chickens eat grains, Grains come rom plants such as corn and rice. Tomato fruits come from ‘tomato plants, Lettuce leaves come from lettuce plants. How are we directly or indirectly dependent on plants for food? oe © & Preparing or buying ex's Find out what a balanced meal is and that we cannat finish what happens to our bodies when we and end up throwing away eat too much food. You may use the is awaste of resources and —_fellawing words to search the Internet money. Plan your meals so for answers: that you will not end up with 6 Balanced meal too much food. © ObesityWhen plants use sunlight to make food, the energy from the Sun is passed on to the plants. When animals eat the plants, the energy Is then passed on to the animals. Therefore, the aneiuy in our food can be traced back to the Sun. ake La Wiulelty ‘A Energy pathway from the Sun to humans The Sun is our primary source of energy because the energy that is passed on from one living thing to another comes from the Sun. Without the Sun, plants would not be able to carry out photosynthesis. Without plants, animals would have no food to provide them with energy to stay alive. (Bp brew (7 Project work Look at the food you have for lunch or dinner. Draw diagrams to show how the ergy in the food can be traced back to the Sun. Share your diagrams with your classmates. Workbook activity 1.7 >Bo © photosynthesis {i © chlorophyll ight © carbon dioxide srapnedbet’ explore Q 1. Sue carried out an experiment to investigate the conditions needed for photosynthesis. She placed a plant under the Sun and watered it daily. What do plants need to make food? After a few days, leaf X and leaf Y were cut and tested for starch. The results of Sue's experiment are shown below. ) Explain why the results for parts B and D are different. b) Which results must Sue compare if she wanted to find out if carbon dioxide is needed for photosynthesis? | Explain how the result for part D would be different if Sue had placed the plant in a dark room, Workbook exercise 1 > ®& Energy