AP Comp SC Midterm Exam.

Name:Cassia Edwards

Period: 2A

Please read all questions carefully. Select the best answer.

1. Which of the following best describes how computing devices represent

information?

A. A computer will represent information as bits or bytes, but not both.

B. A computer represents data as a byte that is 0 or 1.

C. A computer represents data as bits that are 0 or 1.

D. A computer represents information as bits containing 8 bytes.

2. Which of the following statements is NOT true about how computers represent
complex information?

A. Computing devices use bit patterns to represent complex information

B. Abstraction helps represent complex information by bringing to light complexity that might
otherwise remain hidden.

C. Depending on the context, the same sequence of bits can represent different types of
information.

D. Common abstractions represented by computing devices include numbers, characters,

and colors.

3. When visiting a museum, Lian takes a photograph of a painting with a

smartphone that stores the photo as an image file. Which of the following best describes the
differences between the painting itself and the photo of the painting stored on the
smartphone?

A. Both the painting and the photo are analog.

B. The photo is a digital representation of the analog painting.

C. Sampling can be used to determine if the analog image is an accurate representation of

the painting.

D. The phone can represent the photo in digital or analog format depending on the sampling
technique used.

4. Convert binary (base-2) number 1001 to decimal (base-10).

A. 9

B. 10

C. sixteen

D. 17

5. Convert decimal (base-10) number 20 to binary (base-2).

A. 10010

B. 00101

C. 11000

D. 10100

6. Which of the following binary numbers (base 2) is LARGEST?

A. 11000000
 B. 01111111

C. 00000001

D. 10111111

7. How many total numbers can be represented by an 8-bit binary (base-2) system?

A. 127

B. 128

C. 255

D. 256

8. Which of the following statements is true for lossy and lossless compression
algorithms?

A. Lossy compression algorithms are used when a perfect reconstruction of the original data
is important.

B. Lossy compression algorithms are typically better than lossless compression algorithms at
reducing the number of bits needed to represent data.

C. Lossless compression algorithms are only used to compress text data.

D. Lossless compression algorithms only allow an approximate reconstruction of the original

data.

9. Jorge is sending a large image file to a friend as part of a shared class project.
Which of the following is most likely true if Jorge chooses to compress the image before
sending it?

A. The image can no longer be represented by bits.

 B. The havingge will have been converted to analog form.

C. The image will require more pixels to display on the screen.

D. The image will require fewer bits to be represented.

10. Lucy is completing a project as part of a science class using materials she found
online. Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to have legal consequences?

A. Modify a piece of open source software.

B. Use open access research for which you do not acquire a license.

C. Do not publish your work under a Creative Commons license.

D. Using images posted online by another student without permission or citation.

11. What is the difference between lossy and lossless compression? Give some examples of
each.

Lossy compression loses the data and you can't get it back. While lossless compression you can
compress down and back up and nothing is lost.
- Lossy- JPEG, MPEG, MP3
- Lossless- RAW, ZIP, WAV

12, What is the Internet and how does it work?

The internet is a worldwide computer network that transmits a variety of data and media across
interconnected devices. It works by using a packet routing network that follows Internet Protocol
(IP) and Transport Control Protocol (TCP)
13. Why is the IP address important?

enables computers and other internet-connected devices, such as mobile phones and Internet-of-
Things (IoT) devices, to communicate over the internet and on local-area networks (LANs).

14. What is Cybersecurity?

the practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks.

15. Define the term Computer Network

a group of interconnected nodes or computing devices that exchange data and resources with
each other.

16. What is the difference between Byte and Bit?

A bit is the smallest unit of digital information, representing a binary value of either 0 or 1. On the
other hand, a byte is a collection of 8 bits.
17. Why do computers use binary systems instead of decimal systems?

Binary is easier for computers to process, and it also takes up less space.

18. The information journey does not travel in one piece, but as a packet data stream.

True or false

19. Why is it important to use a router?

helps you connect multiple devices to the Internet, and connect the devices to each other.

20. Define the terms. Put an example of each one

User interface the point of human-computer interaction and

communication in a device.
E.g computer mouse

Appetizer a free application launcher, or dock, for

Windows. It allows organizing your shortcuts
and folders into a convenient dock.

Departures To leave somewhere

21. What elements collect information?

Input
22. What elements show results?

Output

23. After designing your app, how talking to users impacted your design decisions?

Help solve problems and formulate ideas that solve user’s needs

By understanding their motivations, designers can align the product's features, functionality, and
aesthetics to fulfill user expectations.