ABBREVIATED WORDS (BIOLOGY-XII)

UNIT-1 ( REPRODUCTION )
• PMC- Pollen Mother Cell
• MMC- Megaspore Mother Cell
• PEN- Primary Endosperm Nucleus
• PEC- Primary Endosperm Cell
• FSH- Follicle Stimulating Hormone
• LH- Luteinizing Hormone
• hCG- Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Hormone
• hPL – Human Placental Lactogen
• WHO- World Health Organization
• RCH- Reproductive and Child Health Care Programme
• STD- Sexually Transmitted Diseases
• AIDS- Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
• CDRI- Central Drug Research Institute
• MMR- Mother Mortality Rate
• IMR- Infant Mortality Rate
• IUD- Intra Uterine Devices
• MTP- Medical Termination of Pregnancy
• RTI- Reproductive Tract Infections
• VD- Venereal Diseases
• HIV- Human Immunodeficiency Virus
• ART- Assisted Reproductive Technology
• IVF- In Vitro Fertilization
• ET- Embryo Transfer
• ZIFT- Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer
• GIFT- Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer
• IUT- Intra Uterine Transfer
• ICSI- Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection
• AI- Artificial Insemination
• IUI- Intra Uterine Insemination
• CD- Contraceptive Devices

UNIT-2 (GENETICS AND EVOLUTION )

• DNA – Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
• UV – Ultraviolet Rays
• RNA – Ribonucleic Acid
• NHC – Non- Histone Chromosomal Proteins
• ATP – Adenosine Tri Phosphate
• mRNA – Messenger Ribonucleic Acid
• tRNA – Transfer Ribonucleic Acid
• rRNA – Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid
• snRNA – Small Nuclear Ribonucleic Acid
• hnRNA – Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleic Acid
• UTR - Un- Translated Regions
• HGP – Human Genome Project
• EST -Expressed Sequence Tags
• BAC – Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes
• YAC- Yeast Artificial Chromosomes
• SNP – Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
• VNTR – Variable Number of Tandem Repeats
• PCR – Polymerase Chain Reaction

UNIT-3 ( BIOLOGY IN HUMAN WELFARE )

• RBC – Red Blood Cells
• WBC – White Blood Cells
• PMNL – Polymorhpo Nuclear Leukocytes
• CMI – Cell Meditated Immunity
• MALT – Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissue
• ELISA – Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay
• NACO – National AIDS Control Organization
• NGO – Non Government Organization
• CT – Computed Tomography
• MRI – Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• LSD – Lysergic Acid Diethyl Amides
• MOET- Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer
• GDP- Gross Domestic Product
• IRRI- International Rice Research Institute
• SCP- Single Cell Protein
• LAB- Lactic Acid Bacteria
• STP- Sewage Treatment Plant
• BOD- Biochemical Oxygen Demand
• GAP- Ganga Action Plan
• YAP- Yamuna Action Plan
• IARI- Indian Agriculture Research Institute
• KVIC- Khadi and Village Industries Commission
• IPM- Integrated Pest Management

UNIT -4 (BIOTECHNOLOGY)
• EFB – European Federation of Biotechnology
• rDNA- Recombinant Deoxyribonucleic Acid
• T-DNA- Tumor inducing Deoxyribonucleic Acid
• GMO- Genetically Modified Organisms
• RNAi- Ribonucleic Acid Interference
• ADA- Adenosine deaminase deficiency
 • PKU- Phenylketonuria
• GEAC- Genetic Engineering Approval Committee

UNIT -5 (ECOLOGY )
• GPP- Gross Primary Productivity
• NPP- Net Primary Productivity
• PAR- Photosynthetically Active Radiation
• GFC- Grazing Food Chain
• DFC- Detritus Food Chain
• IUCN- International Union for Conservation of Nature
and Natural Resources
• CPCB- Central Pollution Control Board
• PIL- Public Interest Litigation
• CNG- Compressed Natural Gas
• DDT- Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
• FOAM- Friends Of Arcata Marsh
• DU- Dobson Unit
• CFC- Chlorofluorocarbon
• JFM- Joint Forest Management

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Sanjay Kumar Pandey
PGT Biology
JNV Bhojpur