Ukraine Explosive Hazard Recognition Handbook

Ukraine
Explosive Hazard
Recognition Handbook
Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 1 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Russian PTM-1S (ПТM-1C), also known L: 338mm
as the PGMDM (ПГMДM - Protivo-Gutsenitsnaja
Mina Distantsionava Minirovanija), a dispenser
W: 67mm
ejected scatterable, high-explosive (HE), anti- H: 67mm
vehicle (AV), with self-destruct (SD), in a green Wt: 1.6kg
plastic casing, blast landmine. Exp: 1.5kg
This is the Russian PTM-3 (ПТM-3), a high- L: 330mm

explosive (HE), scatterable, magnetic influenced, W: 84mm
anti-vehicle (AV), landmine that uses its shaped-
charge (SC) effect against armoured targets and
H: 84mm
has a self-destruct (SD) feature. Wt: 4.9kg
Exp: 1.85kg
This is the Russian PTM-4 (ПТM-4), a high-explosive L: 350mm

(HE), scatterable, shaped-charge (SC), magnetically
influenced, anti-vehicle (AV) landmine using a W: 110mm
programmable VT-14 self-destruct (SD) fuze with a H: 55mm
40-80 second delay arming mechanism and self- Wt: 3.25kg
destruct (SD) times varying from 8, 12, 24, 48 hours Exp: 1.4kg
to 120 days.
This is the German AT-2, a high-explosive (HE), ⌀: 103mm

scatterable, anti-vehicle (AV), shaped-charge (SC),
landmine that can be delivered from artillery
H: 127mm
rockets or from landmine laying systems with Wt: 2.31kg
variants including the DM-1233, the DM-1274 and Exp: 850g
the DM-1399.
This is the American M70, a high-explosive (HE),

Remote Anti-armour Mine (RAAM) part of the ⌀: 127mm
Family of Scatterable Mines (FASCAM) and is H: 61mm
based on the M75 scatterable anti-tank landmine.
It has an electronic fuze with integral batteries
Wt: 2.27kg
and a shaped-charge (SC) warhead with Misznay- Exp: 590g
Schardin (MS) plates on either side.

anti-vehicle (AV), landmine part of the Ground ⌀: 121mm
Emplaced Mine Scattering System (GEMSS) and
may be deployed with anti-personnel (AP) M74 H: 66mm
landmines. This is a scatterable, bi-directional, Wt: 1.8kg
Misznay-Schardin (MS) shaped-charge (SC) anti- Exp:
tank/anti-vehicle (AT/AV) landmine.
This is the Russian SPM (CПМ), a high-explosive

(HE) time delay limpet mine intended for ⌀: 89mm
demolition and sabotage. The SPM limpet mine is
used primarily against ships but can also be used
Wt: 3kg
on land. The mine is roughly semi-cylindrical and Exp: 971g
may have either an aluminium or Bakelite body.
This is the Russian ADM-8 (AДM-8), a high-

explosive (HE), blast landmine and main charge ⌀: 220mm
intended for use against large vehicles, trains and H: 510mm
as a demolition main charge. The associated fuze Wt:
is located on the top of the main charge and is Exp:
220mm in diameter and has a height of 250mm.
This is the Danish M/56, a high-explosive (HE),

circular, cast, anti-vehicle (AV) landmine that is ⌀: 300mm
designed to damage or destroy a vehicle by its H: 115mm
blast effect, a copy of the French Model 1951/52
Wt:
blast landmine. The landmine body consists of
three sections of cast TNT reinforced with Exp:
approximately 5% glass wool.
This is the French Mi AC AH F1 (Mine Antichar

Action Horizontale Modele F1), a high-explosive
⌀: 200mm
(HE), cylindrical, metal-bodied, off-route, anti- L: 260mm
vehicle (AV) landmine previously used by the H: 350mm
British army designated the L14A1, that is designed Wt: 12kg
to damage or destroy vehicles by its penetrating Exp: 7.23kg
shaped-charge (SC) effect.

This is the Russian TM-46 and TMN-46, high-
explosive (HE), large, metal-cased, anti-vehicle ⌀: 305mm
(AV), blast landmines that may be laid H: 94mm
mechanically or by hand, also copied in China and Wt: 8.6kg
designated the Type 59. In addition to
Exp: 5.7kg
conventional pressure fuzes (MV-5 and MVM), the
landmine accepts a tilt-rod fuze (MVSh-46).
This is the Russian TM-57, a high-explosive (HE),

circular, sheet metal-bodied, anti-vehicle (AV), ⌀: 312mm
landmine that is designed to damage or destroy a H: 119mm
vehicle by its blast effect and was designed for Wt: 9.5kg
mechanical laying. It is an improvement on the
TM-46 and TMN-46 and has a larger charge and Exp: 7kg
improved fuzing.
This is the Russian TM-62M, a high-explosive (HE),

large, metal-cased, anti-vehicle (AV), blast
⌀: 316mm
landmine which may be laid mechanically or by H: 102mm
hand. The landmine is part of the TM-62 series, Wt: 8.5kg
further developed from the TM-46 and TM-57 to Exp: 7.5kg
offer improved capability and greater flexibility.
This is the Russian TM-62D (TM-62Д), a high-

L: 340mm
explosive (HE), wooden boxed, pressure-actuated
blast landmine part of the TM-62 series of anti- W: 295mm
vehicle (AV) landmines. The TM-62 family of large, H: 178mm
anti-vehicle (AV), blast landmines were designed Wt: 11.3kg
to be dispersed/ejected from a variety of airborne Exp: 6.5kg
and ground delivery systems or laid by hand.
This is the Russian TM-62P3, a high-explosive (HE),

circular, anti-vehicle (AV), blast landmine designed ⌀: 320mm
to render enemy-tracked and wheeled vehicles H: 85mm
unserviceable by its blast effect. The TM-62 family
Wt: 8kg
of large, anti-vehicle, blast landmines are designed
to be dispersed/ejected from a variety of airborne Exp: 7.1kg
and ground delivery systems or laid by hand.

This is the Russian TM-72, a high-explosive (HE),
circular, sheet metal-bodied, anti-vehicle (AV), ⌀: 250mm
landmine that is designed to damage or destroy H: 82mm
vehicles by its Explosively Formed Projectile (EFP) Wt: 6kg
shaped-charge (SC) effect. The landmine uses the
MVN-72 clockwork-delay, electrically armed,
Exp: 2.5kg
magnetic-influence fuze.
This is the Russian TM-83 a high-explosive (HE),

cylindrical, metal-bodied, off-route, anti-vehicle ⌀: 250mm
(AV), landmine which is designed to damage or H: 440mm
destroy vehicles by its shaped-charge (SC) Wt: 20.4kg
Explosively Formed Projectile (EFP) penetrating
effect. The landmine is mounted on an adjustable
Exp: 9.6kg
frame for aiming in any axis.
This is the Russian PTKM-1R (ПТКМ-1Р), a high-

explosive (HE), top-attack, shaped-charge (SC), ⌀: 220mm
anti-vehicle (AV) landmine. After deployment and H: 510mm
arming, it unfolds in an upright position. The Wt: 19kg
landmine is planted manually and remains armed
for ten days at a temperature from minus 40 to
Exp: 2.8kg
plus 30 degrees.
This is the French HPD-2, a high-explosive (HE), L: 280mm

shaped-charge (SC), magnetically influenced, self-
W: 185mm
neutralising, anti-disturbance, anti-vehicle (AV)
landmine. The landmine arms itself after an initial H: 104mm
delay of ten minutes and self-neutralises after 30 Wt: 7kg
days. Exp: 2.8kg
This is the Swedish FFV-028, a high-explosive (HE),

magnetically influenced, anti-handling, self- ⌀: 260mm
destruct (SD), shaped-charge (SC), anti-vehicle H: 100mm
(AV) landmine part of the FFV-028 family of RU, Wt: 9kg
SD and SN variants with a German version Exp: 5kg
designated the DM-31.

This is the Estonian PK-14, a high-explosive (HE),
shared-charge (SC), command-initiated anti- ⌀: 160mm
vehicle (AV) landmine. The PK-14 may also be
described as an off-route landmine being able to W: 110mm
penetrate 50mm of steel from a distance of 50m. Wt:
It has a diopter sight positioned on the top and is Exp: 1.7kg
initiated using a STIS shocktube integrated system.
This is the German PARM 1 (DM-12) and PARM 2

(DM-22), a high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT), off- ⌀: 132mm
route landmine with an effective range of L: 640mm
between 2 and 40 metres. The PARM 1 (DM-12) Wt: 10kg
and PARM 2 (DM-22) are off-route landmines
consisting of the launcher assembly and fin- Exp: 1.3kg
stabilised warhead assembly.
This is the Russian UDSh, a smoke-dispensing

landmine used in training to indicate a landmine ⌀: 318mm
has functioned or to simulate a chemical H: 139mm
landmine. The smoke pot can be initiated
electronically or manually and discharges smoke Wt: 13.5kg
for 8 - 10 minutes.
This is the American M18A1, a high-explosive (HE), L: 216mm

claymore-shaped, plastic-bodied, directional, anti- H: 124mm
personnel (AP), landmine that is designed to
wound or kill by its fragmentation that has been W: 38mm
widely copied. Wt: 1.6kg
Exp: 682g
This is the Russian MOB (MOБ), a high-explosive L:

(HE), directional, anti-personnel (AP), landmine.
This is a new landmine not previously observed in
W:
the West. It is believed to be designated the H:
Modular Fragmentation Munition (МОБ: Wt:
Модульный Осколочный Боеприпас). Exp:

This is the Russian PFM-1 (ПФМ-1), a liquid-filled
high-explosive (HE), plastic, scatterable, anti- L: 120mm
personnel (AP), blast landmine sometimes W: 61mm
known as the Butterfly or Birdmine. The Wt: 74g
landmine has a thin wing and a thicker wing with
the thicker wing containing the liquid explosive. Exp: 37g
This is the Russian POMZ-2M, a high-explosive

(HE), cylindrical, cast-iron body, anti-personnel ⌀: 61mm
(AP), stake-mounted, landmine which is designed H: 107mm
to wound or kill by its fragmentation also made in Wt: 1.8kg
North Korea and has been widely copied being
one of the most common fragmentation
Exp: 75g
landmines encountered worldwide.
This is the Russian PMN (ПМН), a high-explosive

(HE), delay-armed, pressure-actuated, circular,
⌀: 112mm
bakelite-bodied, anti-personnel (AP), landmine H: 57mm
which is designed to wound or kill by its blast Wt: 550g
effect, commonly nicknamed the Black Widow and Exp: 240g
was introduced into service in the early 1960s.
This is the Russian PMN-2 (ПМН-2), a high-

explosive (HE), circular plastic-bodied, delay- ⌀: 121mm
armed, pressure-actuated, anti-personnel (AP), H: 52mm
landmine which is designed to wound or kill by its Wt: 450g
blast effect. The landmine replaces the PMN
because it is highly resistant to blast overpressure
Exp: 115g
from explosive breaching systems.
This is the Russian PMN-4 (ПМН-4), a high-

explosive (HE), circular, plastic, anti-personnel ⌀: 95mm
(AP), delay-armed, pressure-actuated, landmine H: 46mm
that is designed to wound or kill by its blast effect. Wt: 300g
The black rubber pressure plate has a plastic
pressure spider concealed underneath, shaped Exp: 55g
like flower petals.

This is the Russian OZM-72 (OЗM-72), a high-
explosive (HE), large bounding, fragmentation, ⌀: 107mm
anti-personnel (AP) landmine developed from the
H: 147mm
OZM-3 and OZM-4 for greater efficiency. In
Russian the ‘O’ indicates a fragmentation effect Wt: 5kg
and ‘ZM’ denotes an ‘obstacle landmine’ 72 Exp: 700g
indicates the year of introduction.
This is the Russian MON-50 (MOH-50), a high-

explosive (HE), claymore-shaped, plastic-bodied,
L: 220mm
directional, anti-personnel (AP) landmine which is W: 47mm
designed to wound or kill by its fragmentation also H: 108mm
made in Bulgaria. MON stands for Minnoye Wt: 1.9kg
Oskolochonym Napraveniem, meaning directional
Exp: 712g
fragmentation anti-personnel.
This is the Russian MON-90, a high-explosive (HE),

claymore-shaped, plastic-bodied, directional, anti-
L: 354mm
personnel (AP) landmine which is designed to W: 202mm
wound or kill by its fragmentation also made in H: 153mm
Bulgaria. The landmine is similar in appearance to Wt: 12.1kg
the MON-50 but is almost twice the size with a
Exp: 6.2kg
much greater depth.
This is the Russian MON-100, a high-explosive

(HE), circular, sheet metal-bodied, directional, ⌀: 254mm
anti-personnel (AP) landmine which is designed to W: 82mm
wound or kill by its fragmentation. The landmine Wt: 5kg
body has a smooth, well-finished appearance with
a cloth handle mounted on the upper edge.
Exp: 2kg
This is the Russian MON-200, a high-explosive

(HE), large circular, sheet metal-bodied, ⌀: 431mm
directional, anti-personnel (AP) landmine that is W: 130mm
designed to wound or kill by its fragmentation. Wt: 25kg
The MON-200 is an enlarged version of the
Exp: 12kg
MON-100 design.

This is the Russian POM-2 (ПOM-2), a high-
explosive (HE), scatterable, tripwire actuated, anti- ⌀: 58mm
personnel (AP), fragmentation, self-destruct (SD) H: 119mm
landmine designed to be dispersed/ejected from a
variety of airborne and ground delivery systems. It Wt: 1.09kg
has a cylindrical cast-steel body with tripwire Exp: 140g
dispensers and a central fuzing system.
This is the Russian POM-3 Medallion (ПOM-3

Медальон), a high-explosive (HE), scatterable, ⌀: 63mm
anti-personnel (AP), bounding fragmentation, self- H: 190mm
destruct (SD) landmine designed to be Wt: 1.2kg
dispersed/ejected from a variety of airborne and
Exp: 100g
ground delivery systems.

This is the Russian OFAB-250-270 (OФAБ-250-
270), a thick-cased, high-explosive (HE,) ⌀: 325mm
fragmentation aircraft bomb designed to produce L: 1456mm
a large number of lethal fragments effective at Wt: 264kg
long distances and blast overpressure for Exp: 94kg
destructive effect at shorter distances.
This is the Russian FAB-500 M62 (ФAБ-500 M62), a

high-explosive (HE), modern, streamlined, low- ⌀: 400mm
drag design, blast bomb, that has a thin case and L: 2425mm
is designed to produce a destructive effect Wt: 472kg
through blast overpressure and some casualties at
Exp: 213kg
long distance by the fragmentation of the casing.
This is the Russian RBK-250-275 (PБК-250-275), a

thin-cased, base ejection, cluster bomb, designed
to dispense a payload of submunitions. The RBK
⌀: 325mm
family of cluster bombs is of post-Second World L: 2120mm
War design and in its earlier days was primarily Wt: 275kg
used for delivering large numbers of anti-
personnel fragmentation submunitions.
This is the Russian RBK-250 PTAB-2.5M (PБК-250

ПТАБ-2.5M), an aircraft cluster bomb dispenser for ⌀: 325mm
the delivery of 30 x PTAB-2.5M submunitions. The L: 2120mm
RBK-250 has only one fuze well, which is in the
nose and will always be fitted with a time Wt: 248kg
combustion or mechanical time (MT) type fuze.
This is the Russian OFZAB-500 (ОФЗАБ-500), a

low-drag, high-speed, low-level, incendiary bomb ⌀: 450mm
with additional high-explosive (HE) fragmentation L: 2500mm
effect for use against troops and vulnerable
Wt: 500kg
material, stores and fuel depots. The designation
letters OFZAB mean fragmentation/high-explosive Exp: 250kg
incendiary aircraft bomb.

This is the Russian OFAB-250 ShN (ОФАБ-250 ШН),
a modern high-explosive (HE), fragmentation, ⌀: 325mm
parachute retarded, general-purpose bomb,
specially designed for dropping from low altitude, L: 1996mm
which is double-skinned and designed to produce Wt: 268kg
destructive effect through blast overpressure and Exp: 93.7kg
casualties at long distance by the fragmentation.
This is the Russian RBK-500 PTAB-1M (PБК-500

ПТАБ-1М), a further development of the RBK- ⌀: 450mm
500 multipurpose cluster bomb, designed to L: 1950mm
carry 268 anti-vehicle (AV) submunitions
designated PTAB-1M, hence the overall
Wt: 427kg
designation.
This is the Russian FAB-500 ShN (ФАБ-500ШH), a

modern design, high-explosive (HE), parachute ⌀: 450mm
retarded, blast bomb, specially designed for L: 2190mm
dropping from low altitude, which is thin-cased Wt: 515kg
and designed to produce a destructive effect Exp: 221kg
through blast overpressure and some casualties at
long distance by the fragmentation of the casing.
This is the Russian OFAB-500 ShR (ОФАБ-500ШP),

a high-explosive (HE), fragmentation, parachute ⌀: 450mm
retarded, aircraft bomb, specially designed for L: 2500mm
dropping from low altitude, designed to produce a
destructive effect through fragmentation used
Wt: 525kg
against lightly armoured vehicles, vulnerable Exp: 126kg
material and personnel in the field.
This is the Russian OFSP (OФCП), a high-explosive

(HE), fragmentation, free fall, fin-stabilised ⌀: 48mm
aircraft bomblet dispensed from the Orlan-10 L: 230mm
UAV. Two OFSP bomblets are loaded into a plastic Wt: 810g
container and placed under the wing of the
Orlan-10 UAV.
Exp: 150g

This is the Russian KAB-1500 KR (КAБ-1500 КР), a
high-explosive (HE), free-fall, 1,500kg precision- ⌀: 580mm
guided aircraft bomb designed to defeat surface L: 4600mm
fixed hardened targets such as buried fortifications, Wt: 1560kg
port installations, military facilities, depots and Exp: 1180kg
reinforced shelters.
This is the Russian KAB-500 KR (КAБ-1500 КР), a

high-explosive (HE), free-fall, guided, penetration ⌀: 350mm
aircraft bomb fitted with a nose-mounted TV L: 3050mm
guidance system and has associated control
surfaces fitted to its rear end. The KAB-500 KR is
Wt: 560kg
an electro-optical TV-guided fire-and-forget bomb Exp: 195kg
developed by the Soviet Air Force in the 1980s.
This is the Russian KAB-1500 LG (КAБ-1500 ЛГ), a

high-explosive (HE), free-fall, semi-active laser- ⌀: 580mm
guided, aircraft bomb designed for the latest L: 4240mm
generation of Russian-made aircraft the Russian Wt: 1450kg
counterpart to the proven Paveway bombs.
Exp: 650kg
This is the Russian UPAB-1500B, a high-explosive

(HE), concrete-piercing, gliding, guided, extended- ⌀: 400mm
range, aircraft bomb, designated the K029БЗ L: 5000mm
designed to destroy military infrastructure. The Wt: 1524kg
K029БЗ has combined inertial and satellite
guidance and a high-explosive (HE) concrete- Exp: 1010kg
piercing warhead.
This is the Russian OFAB-500 M54 (OФАБ-500

M54), a high-explosive (HE), thick-cased, blast, ⌀: 450mm
aircraft bomb designed to produce a destructive L: 1590mm
effect through blast overpressure and some Wt: 528kg
casualties at long distances by the
fragmentation of the casing.
Exp: 201kg

This is the Turkish MAM-C (Mini Akıllı Mühimma),
a high-explosive (HE), air-to-surface, guided
⌀: 70mm
bomb (no propulsion system) part of the Smart L: 970mm
Micro Munition family of GPS/INS and laser- Wt: 6.5kg
guided smart munitions produced by Turkish Exp:
defence industry manufacturer ROKETSAN.
This is the Turkish MAM-L (Mini Akıllı Mühimma), a

high-explosive (HE), air-to-surface, guided bomb ⌀: 160mm
(no propulsion system) part of the Smart Micro L: 1000mm
Munition family of GPS/INS and laser-guided smart Wt: 22kg
munitions produced by Turkish defence industry Exp:
manufacturer ROKETSAN.
This is the Turkish MAM-T (Mini Akıllı

Mühimma), a high-explosive (HE), guided ⌀: 230mm
aircraft bomb part of the Smart Micro Munition L: 1400mm
family of GPS/INS and laser-guided smart Wt: 94kg
munitions produced by Turkish defence industry
Exp:
manufacturer ROKETSAN.
This is the Iranian Qaem-1, a high-explosive (HE),

air-to-ground, freefall & glide, small-diameter, ⌀: 125mm
guided bomb unit carried by the Mohajer-6 and L: 900mm
Hamaseh UAVs. The Qaem-1 can be identified from
the Qaem-5 version by a metal band running
Wt: 12.5kg
centrally through the fixed wings of the Qaem-1, Exp: 1.5kg
not present on the other variants.
This is the Russian PLAB 250-120 (ПЛАБ 250-120),

a high-explosive (HE), air-delivered, free-fall, anti- ⌀: 240mm
submarine depth charge. The bomb's fin is L: 1500mm
equipped with a ring that acts as an air brake to Wt: 123kg
limit the rate of descent. The ring attached to the Exp: 61kg
front part of the body facilitates the descent of the
bomb into the water.

This is the Ukrainian RKG-1600, an adapted RKG-3
or RKG-3EM anti-armour hand grenade with added ⌀: 76mm
tails and delayed arming for use with UAVs as a L: 387mm
bomblet. In 2020, Kiev Arsenal developed a simple
drone bomb by attaching aerodynamic fins to the Wt: 1.15kg
Soviet-era RKG-3 anti-tank grenade and called it the Exp: 567g
RKG-1600.
This is the Russian UPAB-500B, a high-explosive

(HE), gliding, guided, extended-range, aircraft ⌀: 355mm
bomb, designated the K08БЗ designed to L: 2840mm
destroy military equipment and infrastructure. Wt: 505kg
The K08BE has combined inertial and satellite
Exp: 390kg
guidance and a high-explosive (HE) warhead.
This is the Russian OFAB-500U (ОФАБ-500У), a

general-purpose (GP), high-explosive (HE), ⌀: 400mm
fragmentation, aircraft bomb designed to destroy L: 2300mm
military-industrial facilities, light armour and soft- Wt: 515kg
skin targets, railway junctions, military fortifications
Exp: 159kg
and manpower.
This is the Ukrainian UB-75, a high-explosive (HE),

cylindrical, free-fall, UCAV bomblet with three
⌀: 75mm
current versions HE, HEAT and Incendiary delivered L: 500mm
on the Punisher UCAV. Any additional images and Wt: 2kg
technical information are very much appreciated. Exp:

This is the Russian AA-2 Atoll, the NATO
designation for the R-13, a high-explosive (HE), ⌀: 127mm
short-range, supersonic, air-to-air, solid-propellant, L: 3147mm
infrared-homing, guided missile similar in Wt: 88kg
appearance and function to the American AIM-9
Exp: 4.5kg
Sidewinder from which it was reverse-engineered.
This is the Russian AA-6 Acrid, the NATO

designation for the R-40 medium-range, ⌀: 310mm
supersonic, aircraft-launched, solid-propellant, air- L: 6230mm
to-air, high-explosive (HE) guided missile, with four Wt: 475kg
variations AA-6a (R-40R), AA-6b (R-40T), AA-6c (R-
40RD) and AA-D (R-40TD).
Exp: 19.3kg
This is the Russian AA-8 Aphid, the NATO

designation for the R-60, a short-range, solid ⌀: 130mm
propellant, air-to-air, infrared (IR), high-explosive L: 2080mm
(HE), guided missile. An improved version, R-
Wt: 44kg
60TM, was developed in the early 1980s. The AA-
8a and AA-8b can also function as air-to-surface Exp: 1.7kg
missiles when the pilot disables the proximity fuze.
This is the Russian AS-10 Karen, the NATO

designation for the Russian Kh-25, a series of short- ⌀: 275mm
range, air-to-surface, modular guidance systems, L: 3830mm
high-explosive (HE), guided missiles. There are
seven versions of AS-10 Karen. The anti-radar
Wt: 320kg
variant (Kh-25MP) is known to NATO as the AS-12 Exp: 140kg
Kegler.
This is the Russian AS-11 Kilter, the NATO

designation for the Kh-58 anti-radar, air-to-surface, ⌀: 380mm
high-explosive (HE), long-range guided missile. The L: 4813mm
AS-11 missiles have been seen with the designators
Kh-58, Kh-58U, Kh-58E and Kh-58EM. The Kh-58U Wt: 650kg
version was standardised so that it could be fitted Exp: 149kg
to several aircraft without the need to modify.

This is the Russian AS-12a Kegler, the NATO
designation for the Kh-25MP, a medium-range, anti- ⌀: 275mm
radiation homing, air-to-surface, high-explosive (HE) L: 4294mm
with tandem warhead guided missile. The AS-12a is Wt: 314kg
an aircraft-launched, subsonic-to-supersonic, anti- Exp: 90g
radiation homing guided missile incorporating a two-
stage, single-chamber, solid-propellant rocket motor.
This is the Russian AS-12b Kegler, the NATO

designation for the Kh-25ML, a medium-range, air- ⌀: 275mm
to-surface, high-explosive (HE), semi-active laser- L: 3570mm
guided with tandem warhead missile. The AS-12b
is an aircraft-launched, subsonic-to-supersonic
Wt: 293kg
laser-guided missile incorporating a two-stage, Exp: 45kg
single-chamber, solid-propellant rocket motor.
This is the Russian AS-12c Kegler, the NATO

designation for the Kh-25MR, a medium-range, ⌀: 275mm
command guided, air-to-surface, high-explosive (HE) L: 3710mm
with tandem warhead guided missile. The AS-12c is
an aircraft-launched, subsonic-to-supersonic, Wt: 291kg
command guided missile incorporating a two-stage, Exp: 90kg
single-chamber, solid-propellant rocket motor.
This is the American AGM-88, a tactical, air-to-

surface, rail-launched, solid-cast propellant, dual- ⌀: 254mm
thrust, high-speed, anti-radiation missile (HARM), L: 4150mm
with an electromechanical setback-armed fuzing, Wt: 363kg
guided missile, containing a high-explosive
fragmentation (HE-frag) warhead. Exp: 66kg
This is the Russian SA-7 Grail, the NATO designation

for the Strela (9M32), a man-portable air defence ⌀: 72mm
system (MANPADS), shoulder-fired, low-altitude, L: 1440mm
surface-to-air missile system with a high-explosive Wt: 9.2kg
(HE) warhead and passive infrared homing Exp: 1.2kg
guidance. Three variants are available including
the SA-7a, SA-7b and the naval version the SA-N-5.

This is the Russian SA-8 Gecko, the NATO
designation for the 9M336 Osa, a high-explosive ⌀: 210mm
(HE), highly mobile, low-altitude, short-range L: 3160mm
tactical surface-to-air, anti-aircraft guided missile
system. The NATO designation for the land-based
Wt: 128kg
launched missile is SA-8a and SA-8b, SA-N-4 is the Exp: 7kg
NATO designation for the naval version.
This is the Russian SA-9 Gaskin, the NATO

designation for the 9M31M Strela-1M (Arrow-1M), ⌀: 120mm
a high-explosive (HE), highly mobile, short-range, L: 1800mm
low altitude, canister launched, infra-red passive
homing, single-stage dual-thrust rocket motor,
Wt: 30kg
surface-to-air guided missile developed alongside Exp: 1.1kg
the 9M32M Strela-2 (SA-7 Grail) MANPADS.
This is the British STARStreak, a high-velocity, close-

range, man-portable, laser beam-riding, surface-to- ⌀: 120mm
air, anti-aircraft, guided missile which can be utilised L: 1280mm
on various platforms including shoulder-launched,
lightweight multiple launchers and a vehicle- Wt: 16kg
mounted system. The system is designed to defend Exp: 1.5kg
against aircraft at low altitudes.
This is the Russian SA-10 Grumble, the NATO

designation for the S-300 Buk, a series of mobile, ⌀: 450mm
tube-launched, tail-fin-controlled, short and L: 7250mm
medium-range, ground-based, single-stage solid-
Wt: 580kg
rocket propulsion, guided missile, delivering a HE-
Frag warhead that provides defence against high- Exp: 133kg
performance aircraft and missiles.
This is the Russian SA-11 Gadfly, the NATO

designation for the 9M38 Buk (Бук), a mobile, ⌀: 400mm
dual-thrust, rail-launched, tail-fin-controlled, L: 5350mm
medium-range, semi-active, radar-homing guided
missile using a single-stage solid-rocket propulsion,
Wt: 690kg
delivering a high-explosive/fragmentation Exp: 21kg
warhead.

This is the Russian SA-14 Gremlin, the NATO
designation for the 9M36 Strela-3 (Arrow-3), a ⌀: 72mm
man-portable air defence system (MANPADS), L: 1400mm
short-range, IR surface-to-air guided missile. The
Wt: 10.3kg
system (9K34) consists of the 9P59 launch tube,
9P51 thermal battery/gas reservoir and the 9M36- Exp: 400g
1 missile.
This is the Russian SA-16 Gimlet, the NATO

designation for the Igla-1 (9M313), a man-portable ⌀: 72mm
air defence system (MANPADS), infrared homing, L: 1593mm
surface-to-air missile system incorporating a liquid-
Wt: 10.75kg
nitrogen-cooled, passive-infrared (IR) homing
guidance and a blast-fragmentation warhead. Exp: 1.17kg
This is the Russian SA-18 Grouse, the NATO

designation for the Igla-2 (9M39) or Needle, a man- ⌀: 72mm
portable air defence system (MANPADS), shoulder- L: 1670mm
fired, short-range, low-altitude, infra-red homing,
surface-to-air missile system incorporating a liquid-
Wt: 10.8kg
nitrogen-cooled, passive-infrared (IR) homing Exp: 2kg
guidance and a blast-fragmentation warhead.
This is the Russian SA-24 Grinch the NATO reporting

name for the 9K338 Igla-S, a further development ⌀: 80mm
of the Igla (Needle) family systems of surface-to-air L: 1630mm
man-portable air defence missile systems Wt: 10.8kg
(MANPADS). The Igla-S (Super) missile 9M342 is
much more sophisticated and efficient in Exp: 2.5kg
countering air threats than previous versions.
This is the Russian SA-25 Willow the NATO reporting

name for the 9M336 Verba, a further development ⌀: 80mm
of the SA-24 Grinch surface-to-air man-portable air L: 1447mm
defence missile system (MANPADS). The missile
employs four popout control canards, located in the Wt: 11kg
forward section of the missile and flight stability is Exp: 1.5kg
provided by four wrap-around fins at the rear.

This is the American FIM-92 Stinger, a man-
portable, infrared (IR) and ultraviolet-homing, heat- ⌀: 70mm
seeking, surface-to-air guided missile that can be L: 1370mm
carried and fired by one person. The launcher has Wt: 9.5kg
an IFF (Identification Friend or Foe) interrogation
Exp: 386g
system which can pick up systems from non-enemy
aircraft.
This is the German IRIS-T (Infrared Imaging System -

Thrust Vector Controlled), a high-explosive (HE), all- ⌀: 127mm
aspect infra-red homing, Short-Range Air-to-Air L: 3000mm
Missile (SRAAM), powered by a solid propellant
Wt: 87kg
motor and armed with a fragmentation warhead
also called AIM-2000. Exp: 11.4kg
This is the American MIM-23 Hawk (Homing All the

Way Killer), a medium-range supersonic, surface-to- ⌀: 356mm
air, anti-aircraft, guided missile designed to destroy L: 5080mm
aircraft and was later adapted to destroy other Wt: 587kg
missiles in flight employing a semiactive, continuous Exp: 54kg
wave (CW), radar-homing guidance system.
This is the Turkish Sungur, a high-explosive (HE),

man-portable, lock-on before launch, imaging infra- ⌀:
red (IR) homing, heat-seeking, surface-to-air guided L:
missile that can be carried and fired by one person Wt:
used against fixed-wing aircraft and un-manned
rotary wing aircraft. Exp:
This is the British Martlet, a high-explosive (HE),

shoulder-launched, laser-beam-riding system, infra- ⌀: 76mm
red (IR) heat-seeking, low-altitude, multi-role, man- L: 1300mm
portable air-defence system (MANPADS). Wt: 13kg
Developed as the Lightweight Multirole Missile Exp: 3kg
(LMM) designed to be launched from a variety of
naval, air and land platforms.

This is the Polish PPZR GROM-M, a high-explosive
(HE), man-portable air-defence system ⌀: 72mm
(MANPADS), shoulder-fired, short-range, low- L: 1596mm
altitude, infra-red (IR) homing, surface-to-air
Wt: 10.5kg
missile system incorporating a liquid-nitrogen-
cooled, passive-infra-red (IR) homing guidance and Exp: 1.81kg
a blast-fragmentation warhead.
This is the American AIM-120, a high-explosive

(HE), Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile ⌀: 178mm
(AMRAAM), a modern beyond-visual-range air-to-
air missile (BVRAAM) capable of all-weather day-
L: 3650mm
and-night operations Wt: 157kg
Exp: 22kg
This is the Russian AT-4 Spigot, the NATO

designation for the 9M111 Fagot, a high-explosive ⌀: 120mm
anti-tank (HEAT), second-generation, tube-launched, L: 863mm
short-range, wire-guided anti-tank missile (ATGM),
semi-automatic, command-to-line-of-sight (SACLOS)
Wt: 7.4kg
system for use from man-portable ground positions Exp: 1.7kg
and vehicle or helicopter mounts.
This is the Russian AT-5 Spandrel, the NATO

designation for the 9M113 Konkurs, a high- ⌀: 135mm
explosive anti-tank (HEAT), aerodynamically L: 946mm
controlled, semi-automatic command line-of-sight
(SACLOS), tube-launched, wire-guided, fin stabilised,
Wt: 14.5kg
anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) employing a wire Exp: 2.7kg
command link and an infrared (IR) tracking beacon.
This is the Russian AT-6 Sprial, the NATO designation

for the 9M114 Shturm, a short-range, multi-role, ⌀: 128mm
radio-guided, high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT),
supersonic, anti-tank guided missile (ATGM). The
L: 1600mm
AT-6 is tube-mounted and has two small flip-out Wt: 31kg
rectangular control fins towards the nose and four Exp: 5.4kg
wraparound folding rectangular at the rear.

This is the Russian AT-7 Saxhorn, the NATO
designation for the 9M116 Metis a high-explosive ⌀: 87mm
anti-tank (HEAT), short-range, semi-automatic L: 733mm
command line-of-sight (SACLOS), tube-launched,
Wt: 4.8kg
wire-guided, fin stabilised, anti-tank guided missile
(ATGM) employing a wire command link and an Exp: 1kg
infrared (IR) tracking beacon.
This is the Russian AT-9 Spiral-2, the NATO

designation for the 9M120 Ataka a short-range, ⌀: 130mm
multi-role, radio-guided, high-explosive anti-tank L: 1830mm
(HEAT), supersonic, anti-tank guided missile (ATGM),
the upgraded version of the AT-6 Spiral. The missile
Wt: 49.5kg
has radio command guidance and is also a beam Exp: 7.4kg
riding Semi-Automatic Command to Line of Sight.
This is the Russian AT-10 Stabber, the NATO

designation for the 9M117 Bastion, a high-explosive ⌀: 356mm
anti-tank (HEAT), tank barrel-launched, laser beam- L: 5080mm
rider-guided, surface-to-surface, optical-tracked,
Wt: 587kg
line-of-sight, fin-stabilised, anti-tank guided missile
(ATGM) which is fired from 100-millimetre and 115- Exp: 54kg
millimetre guns.
This is the Russian AT-11 Sniper the NATO

designation for the 9M119 Svir a high-explosive ⌀: 125mm
anti-tank (HEAT), tank barrel-launched, laser beam L: 695mm
rider guided, surface-to-surface, fin stabilised, anti- Wt: 17kg
tank guided missile (ATGM). The 9M119M missile
Exp: 4.2kg
uses a tandem configuration with the precursor
charge for overcoming ERA.
This is the American FGM-148 Javelin, a shoulder-

launched, man-portable, high-explosive anti-tank ⌀: 127mm
(HEAT), guided-missile with lock-on before launch L: 1081mm
and automatic self-guidance fire-and-forget anti-
Wt: 15.9kg
tank missile. The missile also has the ability to
engage helicopters in the direct attack mode with Exp: 8.4kg
an imaging infrared (IR) seeker.

This is the Russian AT-13 Saxhorn-2, the NATO
designation for the 9M116 Metis-M a high-explosive ⌀: 130mm
anti-tank (HEAT), medium-range, semi-automatic
L: 980mm
command line-of-sight (SACLOS), tube-launched,
wire-guided, fin stabilised, anti-tank guided missile Wt: 13.8kg
(ATGM) employing a wire command link and an Exp: 4.6kg
infrared (IR) tracking beacon.
This is the Russian AT-14 Spriggan, the NATO

designation for the 9M133/9M133F Kornet a high- ⌀: 120mm
explosive anti-tank (HEAT), medium-range, semi- L: 863mm
automatic command line-of-sight (SACLOS), tube-
Wt: 7.4kg
launched, fin-stabilised, anti-tank guided missile
(ATGM) employing a laser beam-rider guidance and Exp: 1.7kg
can be fitted with a thermal imaging sight.
This is the Russian AT-16 Scallion the NATO

designation for the 9K121 Vikr (Whirlwind), a ⌀: 130mm
tandem high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT), tube- L: 2750mm
launched, air-to-surface, medium-range, laser-
Wt: 45kg
guided, fin-stabilised, anti-tank guided missile
(ATGM), that can be used mounted on fixed-wing Exp: 12kg
aircraft and helicopters.
This is the British NLAW (Next generation Light ⌀: 150mm

Anti-armour Weapon), a high-explosive (HE), fire-
and-forget, shoulder-fired, disposable, line-of-sight L: 1016mm
(LoS), self-destruct, anti-tank guide missile (ATGM) Wt: 6.5kg
system. The missile uses a soft-launch system and Exp: 130g
is guided by a predicted line of sight (PLOS).
This is the Ukrainian 130mm RK-2S SKIF (Scythian),

a laser beam rider, tandem, high-explosive anti-tank ⌀: 130mm
(HEAT), anti-tank guided missile (ATGM), fired from L: 1360mm
the Stugna-P system that can attack point targets
such as weapon emplacements, lightly armoured Wt: 8kg
objects and hovering helicopters. It has two Exp: 3.7kg
targeting modes, manually steered and automated.

This is the Ukrainian 107mm RK-3 Korsar (Corsar), a
tandem, high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT), laser ⌀: 107mm
beam rider, anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) L: 1180mm
designed to defeat armoured vehicles and
fortifications such as bunkers and hardened
Wt: 15.5kg
structures. The system also has a HE-fragmentation Exp: 3.7kg
RK-3OF warhead.
This is the British Brimstone, a high-explosive (HE),

ground or air-launched ground attack missile. The ⌀: 178mm
Brimstone missile uses the airframe and motor L: 1800mm
assemblies from the American AGM-114K missile
but has an active radar MMW seeker that operates
Wt: 50kg
at 94 GHz. This seeker is different to the active Exp: 6.3kg
radar seeker used on the AGM-114L Longbow.
This is the Swedish RBS-17 Hellfire (Robotsystem

17), a high-explosive (HE), man-portable, short- ⌀: 178mm
range, laser-guided, surface-to-surface and air-to- L: 1630mm
surface, anti-ship missile. The missile has a
modified anti-ship warhead, safety and arming
Wt: 48.3kg
(S&A) device and autopilot a version of the Exp: 9kg
American AGM-114A (Hellfire) guided missile.
This is the French Milan 2, a high-explosive (HE),

medium-range, surface-to-surface, man-portable, ⌀: 115mm
anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) system. The Milan L: 893mm
2 modifications improved the piercing performance
Wt: 6.7kg
considerably, largely by improving the standoff
distance and the explosive effect of the shaped Exp: 1.97kg
charge.
This is the French Akeron MP (Akeron Moyenne

Portée), a tandem high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT)
⌀: 1400mm
warhead, formerly known as MMP (Missile L: 1300mm
Moyenne Portée) Medium-Range Missile a fifth Wt: 15kg
generation, network-enabled, anti-tank guided Exp: kg
missile (ATGM) system.

This is the Turkish TRLG-230, a high-explosive (HE),
fragmentation, surface-to-surface, laser-guided ⌀: 230mm
missile that can be launched from the Multi-Caliber L:
Launcher (MCL) Artillery Weapon System and other
platforms with compatible interfaces. The TRLG-230 Wt: 210kg
has a seeker for laser guidance that can hit targets Exp: 42kg
marked by UAVs and UCAVs.
This is the American APKWS (Advanced Precision

Kill Weapon System), which provides a laser ⌀: 70mm
guidance system to the unguided series of 70mm L: 1095mm
Hyra rockets. Where possible the system utilises Wt: 15.8kg
existing Hydra 70 components such as launchers,
rocket motors, warheads and fuzes.
Exp: 1.04kg
This is the Russian SS-27 Sizzler, the NATO

designation for the 3M54 Kalibr a short-range, land, ⌀: 534mm
ship and submarine-launched, single warhead, L: 8220mm
cruise missile with a solid propellant, turbojet
Wt: 1920kg
engine, fin-stabilised, inertial guidance, surface-to-
surface missile (SSM), including the Anti-shipped Exp: 200kg
SS-N-27 version.
This is the Russian AS-15 Kent, the NATO

designation for the Kh-55 and RKV-500, an ⌀: 514mm
intermediate-range, inertial-guided, turbofan- L: 7100mm
powered, nuclear and high-explosive (HE) Wt: 1210kg
warhead, air-to-surface, cruise missile. The Exp: 410kg
propulsion system is a dual-flow engine located
underneath the missile's tail.
This is the Russian AS-4 Kitchen, the NATO

designation for the Kh-22 Burya, a short-range, ⌀: 920mm
air-launched, liquid propellant, single warhead, L: 11650mm
air-to-surface, guided missile, with three major
versions of this missile developed. AS-4 has a
Wt: 57900kg
liquid-propellant motor, believed to use UDMH Exp: 930kg
and IRFNA.

This is the Russian Kh-101, the latest version of the
AS-15 Kent, the NATO designation for the Kh-55 an ⌀: 510mm
intermediate-range, inertial-guided, turbofan- L: 7450mm
powered, nuclear and high-explosive (HE) warhead, Wt: 2200kg
air-to-surface, cruise missile. The propulsion
system is a dual-flow engine located underneath
Exp: 400kg
the missile's tail.
This is the Russian SS-21 Scarab, the NATO

designation for the 9M79 Tochka a short-range ⌀: 650mm
ballistic missile (SRBM) weapon system with a L: 6400mm
single-stage, solid-propellant, fin-spin-stabilised, Wt: 2000kg
inertially guided, aerodynamically controlled,
surface-to-surface missile (SSM). Exp: 340kg
This is the Russian SS-26 Stone, the NATO

designation for the 9M720 Iskander, a short-range ⌀: 920mm
ballistic missile weapon system with a single-stage,
L: 7300mm
solid-propellant, fin-stabilised, inertially guided,
aerodynamically controlled, surface-to-surface Wt: 3800kg
missile (SSM). The SS-26 is the upgrade version of Exp: 700kg
the SS-21 Tochka and SS-23 Oka missiles.
This is the American MIM-104 Patriot, a high-

explosive (HE), supersonic, surface-to-air, single- ⌀: 406mm
stage, solid-propellant guided missile system using
an advanced aerial interceptor missile and high-
L: 5300mm
performance radar system employing a blast- Wt: 907kg
fragmentation warhead initiated by a proximity Exp: 90kg
fuze, self-destruct (SD), or command-destruct.
This is the French Mistral, a high-explosive (HE),

man-portable air-defence system (MANPADS),
ground, ship or helicopter launched, surface-to-
⌀: 90mm
air or air-to-air missile with a passive infrared L: 1880mm
(IR) seeker with laser proximity, impact and self- Wt: 19.4kg
destruct (SD) fuzes. The missile has a high- Exp: 3.0kg
explosive fragmentation (HE-Frag) warhead.

This is the French VT-1, a high-explosive (HE), land
and sea-based, surface-to-air, blast and ⌀: 165mm
fragmentation warhead, guided missile designed for L: 2350mm
short-range defence systems such as tactical Wt: 76kg
missiles, pop-up helicopters, UAVs and aircraft
deploying high-manoeuvring, low-level stand-off
Exp: 13kg
weapons.
This is the Swedish RBS-70 (Robotsystem 70), a high-

explosive (HE), man-portable air-defence system ⌀: 106mm
(MANPADS), short-range, laser-guided, surface-to- L: 1320mm
air, guided-missile, which is also in use in a number
of other Swedish missile systems. The RBS-70 Wt: 16.5kg
consists of a missile (Rb-70) in a disposable launcher Exp: 1.1kg
container, a guidance unit and a stand.
This is the British, French and Italian Storm Shadow,

an air-launched cruise missile, manufactured by ⌀: 700mm
MBDA. Storm Shadow (K157) is the British name
L: 5100mm
for the weapon, in France it is called SCALP EG
(Système de Croisière Autonome à Longue Portée – Wt: 1300kg
Emploi Général), meaning General-Purpose Long- Exp: 450kg
Range Standoff Cruise Missile.
This is the Russian SA-22 Greyhound, the NATO

designation for the Pantsir-S1 (Панцирь-С1), a ⌀: 90mm
mobile, medium-range, surface-to-air, guided- L: 3160mm
missile using two-stage solid-rocket propulsion. The
Pantsir-S1 was designed to provide point air defence
Wt: 76kg
for installations against aircraft, helicopters, Exp: 20kg
precision munitions, cruise missiles and UAVs.
This is the Russian Killjoy, the NATO designation for

the Kh-47M2 Kinzhal (X-47M2 Dagger), a medium- ⌀: 1200mm
range ballistic missile (MRBM) weapon system, air- L: 7200mm
launched, hypersonic, single-stage, solid-propellant,
fin-stabilised, inertially guided, aerodynamically
Wt: 4300kg
controlled, air-to-surface missile (SSM) a variant of Exp: 500kg
the SS-26 Iskander missile.

This is the British ASRAAM (Advanced Short Range
Air-to-Air Missile), a High-Explosive (HE), imaging ⌀: 166mm
infrared (IR) homing air-to-air missile, designed for L: 2900mm
close-range aerial combat, designated the AIM- Wt: 87kg
132 in America, fuelled by a solid propellant
motor and armed with a fragmentation warhead.
Exp: 10kg

This is the Polish 60mm O-LM60, a high-explosive
(HE), fragmentation, fin-stabilised, mortar bomb.
⌀: 60mm
Any additional images and technical information Wt: 2kg
are very much appreciated. Exp:
This is the American 60mm M49A2 and M49A3, a

high-explosive (HE), fragmentation, fin-stabilised ⌀: 60mm
mortar bomb also produced as a copy in Turkey, L: 183mm
Iran and Japan. The M49A2 uses a cast-steel body Wt: 1.34kg
of teardrop shape, with four gas check grooves at
Exp: 153g
the bourrelet and a screwed-in steel tail unit.
This is the Bulgarian 60mm HE 60 MA, a high-

explosive (HE), fragmentation, fin-stabilised ⌀: 60mm
mortar bomb. The 60mm practice PRACT 60 MA L: 308mm
and PRACT 60 MA TM are used for training Wt: 1.6kg
purposes, their flight ballistic is identical to those
of the high-explosive (HE) version.
Exp: 200g
This is the Ukrainian 60mm UB60, a high-explosive

(HE), fragmentation, fin-stabilised mortar bomb. ⌀: 60mm
The mortar is of a conventional tear-drop design L: 286mm
with a cast steel body. There are four gas check- Wt: 1.45kg
rings below the bourrelet and a light alloy tail fin
Exp: 241g
assembly with six fixed stabilising fins fitted.
This is the Russian 82mm O-832 (O-832), a high-

explosive (HE) fragmentation, fin-stabilised mortar ⌀: 82mm
also manufactured in Bulgaria, Romania and Iraq. L: 279mm
The O-832 is a cast-iron, teardrop-shaped mortar Wt: 3.26kg
bomb with four gas check grooves around the
bourrelet and a welded steel tailfin assembly.
Exp: 426g

This is the Romanian 82mm O-832 (O-832), a high-
explosive (HE) fragmentation, fin-stabilised mortar ⌀: 82mm
that contains a point-detonating (PD) fuze, a copy
L: 304mm
of the Russian O-832 used against personnel and
light materiel targets. The mortar is grey overall Wt: 3.7kg
with black markings. The gas check-rings are Exp: 426g
unpainted but coated with a clear lacquer.
This is the Russian 82mm O-832DU (O-832ДУ), a

high-explosive (HE), fragmentation mortar also ⌀: 82mm
manufactured in Bulgaria and Iraq (F-832DU), with L: 329mm
the O-12, also reported as the 3-O-12, is an Wt: 3.23kg
improved version of the earlier O-832-DU. The O-
832DU is a conventional teardrop-shaped bomb
Exp: 446g
with ferro-steel body and a welded steel tail unit.
This is the Bulgarian 82mm HE 82 and the HE 82M,

a high-explosive (HE), fragmentation, fin-stabilised
⌀: 82mm
mortar. The HE 82 is a cast-iron, teardrop-shaped L: 354mm
mortar bomb with four gas check grooves around Wt: 3.18kg
the bourrelet and a welded steel tailfin assembly. Exp: 420g
This is the Russian 82mm 3VO35 (3ВO35), a high-

mortar bomb used as part of the 2B25 (2Б25) L:
spigot mortar system. This silenced grenade
Wt: 3.3kg
launcher is specially developed for the Russian
special forces and their need to be able to operate Exp: 1.9kg
with support fire.
This is the Russian 120mm D-5 (Д-5), a white-

phosphorus (WP) smoke, bursting, fin-stabilised, ⌀: 120mm
carrier mortar. This mortar differs from the L: 603mm
120mm OF-843B in that the OF-843B has no step
Wt: 16.1kg
at the junction of the adapter and ogive, no black
band and no stamp marking P-4. Exp: 1.98kg

This is the Russian 120mm OF-843B (ОФ-843B), a
high-explosive (HE), fragmentation mortar bomb ⌀: 120mm
also manufactured in Bulgaria and designated the L: 594mm
FE-843B. Developed from the earlier OF-843A, the
OF-843B is a well-streamlined conventional HE
Wt: 16.5kg
fragmentation mortar for general bombardment Exp: 1.6kg
purposes.
This is the Russian 120mm S-843 (C-843), a

parachute illumination (Para Illum), carrier, fin-
⌀: 120mm
stabilised, mortar bomb also manufactured in L: 665mm
Bulgaria. Any additional images and technical Wt: 16.8kg
information are very much appreciated. Exp: 921g
This is the Russian 120mm OF-34 (OФ-34), a high-

explosive (HE), fragmentation, fin-stabilised mortar ⌀: 120mm
bomb. The mortar is dropped down the mortar L: 659mm
tube, striking the primer of the ignition cartridge. Wt: 15.9kg
The ignition cartridge functions, igniting the
Exp: 3.35kg
propellant increments. The mortar bomb is
propelled from the mortar barrel.
This is the Russian 120mm OF-36 (OФ-36), a high-

bomb. The mortar is dropped down the mortar L: 659mm
tube, striking the primer of the ignition cartridge. B
Wt: 15.1kg
The ignition cartridge functions, igniting the
propellant increments. The mortar bomb is Exp: 3.02kg
propelled from the mortar barrel.
This is the American 120mm M933, a high-

mortar bomb. The M933A1 is identical to the L: 643mm
M934A1 with the exception of the fuze used. The Wt: 13.7kg
mortar consists of a fuze, propellant charge, fin
assembly, ignition cartridge and main body.
Exp: 2.99kg

explosive (HE), pre-rifled, spin-stabilised mortar ⌀: 120mm
bomb similar in design to the French 120mm pre- L: 479mm
rifled (PR) mortars, with the main body of the
mortar bomb resembling an artillery projectile. It
Wt: 18.86kg
has a tapering ogive, parallel-walled section, a pre- Exp: 4.4kg
engraved driving band and a boat-tailed section.
This is the Iranian 120mm M48, a high-explosive

(HE), fragmentation, percussion primed, fin- ⌀: 120mm
stabilised, mortar bomb, that has six gas check- L: 524mm
rings irregularly spaced around the diameter, a
copy of the Israeli M48 120mm mortar. The M48
Wt: 12.97kg
is a conventional streamlined mortar bomb with a Exp: 2.3kg
steel body and alloy tail unit.
This is a Russian 120mm 3VZ4 (3BЗ4), an

incendiary, carrier, fin-stabilised mortar bomb
sometimes designated the 3VZ-4 (3BЗ-4). The
⌀: 120mm
incendiary mortar contains 6 incendiary elements, L: 603mm
four large and two small. These are hollow steel Wt: 16.8kg
cups filled with an incendiary mixture comparable
in effect to thermite and similar compositions.
This is the Russian 120mm OF-49 (OФ-49) and OF-

50 (OФ-49) a high-explosive (HE), fragmentation ⌀: 120mm
pre-rifled, spin and fin-stabilised mortar bomb L: 828mm
commonly associated with the 2S9 NONA-S 120mm
self-propelled mortar. The body of the mortar
Wt: 17.2kg
bomb resembles an artillery projectile with a pre- Exp: 4.9kg
engraved driving band.
This is the Russian 120mm BK-14 (БК-14), a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT), pre-rifled, spin and fin- ⌀: 120mm
stabilised, mortar bomb commonly associated with L: 960mm
the 2S9 NONA-S 120mm self-propelled mortar.
Wt: 13.17kg
The body of the BK-14 mortar bomb resembles an
artillery projectile. It has a Point-Initiating Base- Exp:
Detonating (PIBD) fuze with a stand-off.

This is a Danish or Swedish 120mm M/50, a high-
explosive (HE), fragmentation, fin-stabilised, ⌀: 120mm
mortar bomb. The mortar has a TNT charge with a L: 590mm
plasticised RDX-based booster. The mortar is Wt: 13.8kg
typically supplied with augmenting charges sealed
Exp: 2.3kg
with plastic and attached to the tail.
This is a Pakistani 120mm M44A2, a high-

mortar bomb. This conventional streamlined L: 595mm
mortar bomb is similar to the TDA Mle44/66. The
main body is of forged steel with a main charge Wt: 12.12kg
and seven horseshoe-shaped supplemental Exp: 2.66kg
increments arranged around the tail boom.
This is the Russian 240mm F-864 (Ф-864), a high-

most commonly associated with the Russian 2S4 L: 1560mm
Tyulpan (Tulip) self-propelled mortar. A
conventional steel mortar bomb with a noticeable
Wt: 130.8kg
parallel-sided centre section and nine undercut gas Exp: 31.9kg
check grooves below it.
This is the Russian 240mm 3-O-8 Nerpa (Seal), a

high-explosive (HE), fin-stabilised, rocket-assisted ⌀: 240mm
mortar used to deliver 14 x O-10 anti-personnel L:
(AP) fragmentation submunitions. The 3M15 Wt: 230kg
rocket motor has a distinctive arrangement of six
stabilising fins.
Exp:

This is the Russian 23x152mm BZT (БЗT), an
armour-piercing incendiary with tracer (API-T), ⌀: 23mm
spin-stabilised, solid-shot projectile used in the L: 100mm
ZSU anti-aircraft gun. The projectile consists of a Wt: 190g
hardened steel solid-shot with a copper driving Exp: 5g
band and a tracer cavity in the rear.
This is the Russian 23x115mm BZ (БЗ) or BZ119,

an armour-piercing incendiary (API), percussion- ⌀: 23mm
primed, projectile used in the NS-23 and NR-23 L: 101mm
aircraft cannon. The projectile consists of a mild Wt: 199g
steel body with a copper driving band. Exp: 6g
This is the Russian 23x260mm OFZ (OФЗ), a high-

explosive incendiary (HEI), percussion-primed, ⌀: 23mm
spin-stabilised, projectile used in the R-23 aircraft L: 103mm
cannon. The projectile consists of a steel body Wt: 175g
with a copper driving band, filled with high
explosive incendiary and fuzed with the B-23A
Exp: 17g
delay nose fuze.
This is the Russian 23x115mm OZ (OЗ), a high-

explosive incendiary (HEI), percussion-primed, ⌀: 23mm
spin-stabilised, projectile used in AM-23 and GSh- L: 102mm
23 aircraft cannons. In 1954 Afanasev and Wt: 175g
Makarov introduced the AM-23, a single barrel
gun weighing 43kg, gas operated, belt fed and Exp: 17g
firing 1250rpm.
This is the Russian 23x115mm OFZT (OФЗT), a

high-explosive incendiary with tracer (HEI-T), ⌀: 23mm
percussion-primed, spin-stabilised projectile, used L: 99mm
in the AM-23 and GSh-23 aircraft cannons. In 1954 Wt: 710g
Afanasev and Makarov introduced the AM-23, a
single barrel gun weighing 43kg, gas operated, belt Exp: 11g
fed and firing 1250rpm.

This is the Russian 23x260mm 9-A-364, a Richter
telescoped, electric primer cartridge, containing an ⌀: 23mm
OFZ (OФЗ) high-explosive incendiary (HEI) L: 260mm
projectile used in R-23 aircraft cannons. The Wt: 510g
cartridges consist of a zinc-coated galvanized steel Exp: 18g
tube 260mm long with a solid and conical base
that holds the primer.
This is the German 35mm DM31, a high-explosive

incendiary (HEI), spin-stabilised, projectile. Any ⌀: 35mm
additional images and technical information are L: 387mm
very much appreciated. Wt: 1.572kg
Exp: 85g
This is the Russian 37x198mm BZT (БЗT), an

armour-piercing with tracer (AP-T), spin- ⌀: 37mm
stabilised, solid-shot projectile used in the NS-37 L: 167mm
aircraft cannon. This new type of projectile
Wt: 760g
consists of a hardened steel solid-shot with a
copper driving band and a tracer cavity in the Exp: 6g
rear.
This is the Russian 37x252mm OR-167 (OP-167), a

high-explosive incendiary with tracer and self- ⌀: 37mm
destruct (HEI-T-SD), spin-stabilised projectile used L: 173mm
in the M1939, 70-K and V-11M anti-aircraft guns Wt: 735g
and the ChK-M1 anti-tank gun. The projectile
consists of a steel body with a copper driving band Exp: 35g
and a tracer cavity in the rear.
This is the Russian 37x252mm OR-167N (OP-

167H), a high-explosive incendiary with tracer and ⌀: 23mm
self-destruct (HEI-T-SD), spin-stabilised, projectile L: 99mm
used in the M1939, 70-K and V-11M anti-aircraft
Wt: 710g
guns and the ChK-M1 anti-tank gun. The projectile
consists of a steel body with a copper driving band Exp: 11g
and a tracer cavity in the rear.

This is the Russian 57x348mm OR-281 (OP-281), a
high-explosive fragmentation with tracer and self- ⌀: 57mm
destruct (HE-Frag-T-SD), fixed cartridge, spin- L: 256mm
stabilised projectile used in the S-60, S-68, ZIF-31, Wt: 2.85kg
ZIF-74 and SM-24-ZIF anti-aircraft guns. The
Exp: 153g
projectile consists of a thick-walled steel body with
a wide cupro-nickel driving band.
This is the Russian 57x348mm OR-281U (OP-

281У), a high-explosive fragmentation with tracer ⌀: 57mm
and self-destruct (HE-Frag-T-SD), fixed cartridge,
L: 260mm
spin-stabilised projectile used in the S-60, S-68,
ZIF-31, ZIF-74 and SM-24-ZIF anti-aircraft guns. Wt: 2.85kg
The projectile consists of a thick-walled steel body Exp: 153g
with a wide cupro-nickel driving band.
This is the Russian 76mm BZR-350B (Б3P-350Б,) an

armour-piercing high-explosive incendiary with ⌀: 76mm
tracer (APHEI-T) projectile utilising the MD-5 base L: 304mm
detonating fuze. This APHE projectile is used as an Wt: 6.49g
anti-tank projectile, using high-velocity Kinetic
Energy to penetrate the armour of the enemy
Exp: 120g
tank.
This is the Russian 76mm OF350V (ОФ350В), a

high-explosive (HE), fragmentation, spin-stabilised
⌀: 76mm
projectile. This projectile is part of a fixed round L: 307mm
of ammunition that consists of a cartridge case, Wt: 5.6kg
fragmentation, high-explosive projectile and a PD Exp: 604g
fuze.
This is the Russian 76mm BK-354 (БК-354), a

high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT), fin-stabilised ⌀: 76mm
projectile the BK-354M being the same L: 545mm
projectile except with a copper shaped-charge
Wt: 6.8kg
(SC) cone, intended to defeat armoured targets.
The BK-354 may be loaded as a fixed or Exp: 785g
separate loading munition.

This is the Swedish 84mm FFV-441, a high-explosive
(HE), fragmentation, recoilless, spin-stabilised, ⌀: 84mm
projectile fired from the 84mm Carl Gustav L: 180mm
recoilless gun. It can be used in a lobbed trajectory
to 1,000m and can be fuzed to either detonate on
Wt: 2.3kg
impact or as an airburst. Exp: 357g
This is the Swedish 84mm FFV-545, a parachute

illumination (Para Illum), spin stabilised, recoilless, ⌀: 84mm
base ejecting, carrier projectile fired from the L: 184mm
84mm Carl Gustav recoilless gun. Upon striking Wt: 2.2kg
the cartridge case, the percussion primer ignites
Exp: 500g
the ignition charge, which ignites the propellant.
This is the Swedish 84mm FFV-551C, a high-

explosive anti-tank fin-stabilised (HEAT-FS), ⌀: 84mm
setback-armed, base-detonating (BD), rocket- L: 417mm
assisted-projectile (RAP). Projectile designation Wt: 2.56kg
changed from 551C IM (Insensitive Munition) to
551C RS (Reduced Sensitivity).
Exp: 868g
This is the Swedish 84mm FFV-751, a tandem

warhead, high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT), fin- ⌀: 84mm
stabilised, setback-armed, base-detonating (BD), L: 628mm
rocket-assisted, fired from the 84mm Carl Gustav
recoilless gun. The FFV-751 has two charges, an
Wt: 2.9kg
initial one at the front to defeat the ERA, allowing Exp:
the main charge to penetrate the target's armour.
This is the Russian 85mm BR-365P (БР-365П) and

BR-365PK (БР-365ПК), high-velocity armour-
piercing with tracer (HVAP-T), spin-stabilised, fixed
⌀: 85mm
round, solid-shot tungsten penetrator projectiles. L: 253mm
This HVAP solid-shot projectile was developed Wt: 4.96kg
mainly to replace APHE projectiles to give better
penetration at longer ranges.

This is the Russian 85mm BR-367 (БР-367), an
armour-piercing high-explosive with tracer (APHE- ⌀: 85mm
T), spin-stabilised projectile also copied in China
L: 308mm
designated either the Type 367 or Type 376. This
APHE projectile is used as an anti-tank projectile, Wt: 9.22kg
using high-velocity Kinetic Energy to penetrate the Exp: 127g
armour of the enemy tank.
This is the Russian 85mm BR-365 (БР-365), an

armour-piercing high-explosive with tracer ⌀: 85mm
(APHE-T), spin-stabilised projectile also L: 266mm
manufactured in Romania. This APHE projectile
is used as an anti-tank projectile, using high-
Wt: 9.2kg
velocity Kinetic Energy to penetrate the armour Exp: 68g
of the enemy tank.
This is the Russian 100mm OF412 (ОФ412), a

high-explosive (HE), fragmentation, spin-stabilised ⌀: 100mm
projectile also manufactured in Bulgaria and
Hungary. When the weapon is fired, the burning
L: 413mm
propellant charge generates rapidly expanding Wt: 15.6kg
gases to propel the projectile through the barrel Exp: 1.46kg
with the velocity required to reach the target.
This is the Russian 115mm OF27 (ОФ27), a high-

projectile that uses an OF-37 cartridge case. The L: 649mm
projectile is propelled through the gun tube.
Setback forces shear the shear pins releasing the
Wt: 17.7kg
fins and imparting spin to the projectile as it Exp: 3.06kg
travels toward its target.

explosive (HE), fragmentation, spin-stabilised ⌀: 100mm
projectile with a full designation of 3OF32 and a L: 432mm
cartridge designation of UOF-17 (UОФ-17). The
Wt: 13.3kg
projectile is part of a fixed round of ammunition
that consists of a two-piece HE fragmentation Exp: 1.7kg
projectile with a PD fuze and a OF-17 cartridge case.

This is the American 105mm M1, a high-explosive
(HE) fragmentation, spin-stabilised projectile also ⌀: 105mm
copied directly and manufactured in Yugoslavia. L: 404mm
The M1 projectile consists of hollow steel forging
Wt: 14.2kg
with a boattail base, streamlined ogive and gilding
rotating band. Exp: 2.3kg

explosive (HE), fragmentation, spin-stabilised, ⌀: 105mm
extended-range, rocket-assisted, projectile. The L: 539mm
projectile consists of two pieces, a streamlined Wt: 16.8kg
warhead and a rocket motor body of boattail
design. The nose of the warhead is threaded for a Exp: 2.63kg
fuze and the warhead is filled with TNT.
This is the Russian 115mm BM6 (БM6), armour-

piercing fin-stabilised discarding-sabot with tracer ⌀: 115mm
(APFSDS-T), solid-shot, penetrator projectile similar L: 549mm
in appearance to the BM9 and the BM15. The
Wt: 3.9kg
projectile is made of steel and has a 5.0-gram (0.2-
ounce) tracer element.

explosive anti-tank fin stabilised with tracer (HEAT- ⌀: 115mm
FS-T), projectile, the BK-4M being the same L: 542mm
projectile except with a copper shaped-charge (SC) Wt: 13.15kg
cone, intended to defeat armoured targets. When
the projectile is fired, the burning propellant
Exp: 1.45kg
ignites the tracer.
This is the Russian 122mm Sh1 (Ш1), an anti-

personnel (AP), flechette loaded, carrier, nose- ⌀: 120mm
ejecting, spin-stabilised, semi-fixed, projectile that
is used against personnel in a direct and indirect L: 457mm
fire role using the DTM-75 mechanical-time-fuze Wt: 21.1kg
(MTF). The projectile is painted light grey overall
and has black markings.

This is the Russian 122mm S4Zh (C4Ж), a
parachute-illuminating, spin-stabilised, base- ⌀: 122mm
ejecting, parachute-retarded, carrier projectile. L: 470mm
The projectile has an ogival forward end, with an Wt: 21.7kg
adapter, a cylindrical body with a forward and rear
Exp: 2.69kg
bourrelet, a rotating band and a boat-tail base.
This is the Russian 122mm S-463 (C-463), a

parachute illumination (Para Illum), spin-stabilised, ⌀: 122mm
base-ejected, parachute-suspended, illuminant L: 420mm
charge, carrier projectile. The illuminant charge for
the S-463 is 269,000 candlepower, burning for Wt: 21.9kg
30.40 seconds descending at 7.60 meters per Exp: 1kg
second (24.93 feet per second).
This is the Russian 122mm D-4, a white-phosphorus

(WP) smoke, separate loading, bursting, spin
⌀: 122mm
stabilised, carrier projectile. The detonation of the L: 499mm
fuze booster initiates the burster charge of 0.16kg Wt: 21.7kg
tetryl and TNT. The burster ruptures the projectile Exp: 3.6kg
body and disperses the filler.
This is the Russian 122mm OF56 (ОФ56) and OF-

56-1 (ОФ-59-1), high-explosive (HE), fragmentation, ⌀: 122mm
spin-stabilised projectiles. The projectile is a L: 501mm
separate loading round of ammunition that consists Wt: 21.7kg
of a cartridge case, fragmentation HE projectile and
a fuze. The round is used against personnel, Exp: 4.31kg
weapons and fortifications.
This is the Russian 122mm OF462 (ОФ462), a

high-explosive (HE), fragmentation, spin-stabilised ⌀: 122mm
projectile copied and reproduced in a number of L: 501mm
countries a complete round being designated the
53-OF-462. The body of the OF462 projectile is
Wt: 21.76kg
forged high-fragmentation steel with a relatively Exp: 4.46kg
short streamlined ogive.

This is the Russian 122mm A-462, a propaganda
carrier, spin-stabilised projectile. The marking ⌀: 122mm
A1D (A1Д) indicates an iron driving band and the L: 592mm
A1Zh (A1Ж) indicates a copper driving band.
Any additional images and technical information
Wt:
are very much appreciated. Exp:
This is the Pakistani 122mm P1A1, a high-explosive

(HE), spin-stabilised, fragmentation projectile. Any ⌀: 122mm
additional images are very much appreciated. L:
Wt:
Exp:
This is the Russian 125mm BM9 (БM9), an armour-

piercing fin-stabilised discarding-sabot with tracer
(APFSDS-T), solid-shot, monobloc steel penetrator
⌀: 125mm
projectile using the 3BM10 penetrator cartridge, is L: 518mm
designated the VBM3 projectile assembly or Wt: 3.6kg
complete round and is similar in appearance to the
BM15, entering service in 1962.

explosive anti-tank fin-stabilised with tracer (HEAT- ⌀: 122mm
FS-T), projectile, the BK-13M being the same
L: 637mm
projectile except with a copper shaped-charge (SC)
cone, intended to defeat armoured targets. The BK- Wt: 18.2kg
13, when combined with the Zh-9 propelling Exp: 1.81kg
charge, takes on the designation of 3U-BK-9.
This is the Russian 125mm BM12 (БM12), an

armour-piercing fin-stabilised discarding-sabot with ⌀: 125mm
tracer (APFSDS-T), solid-shot, tungsten-carbide
penetrator projectile using the 3BM14 penetrator L: 518mm
cartridge, is designated the VBM6 projectile Wt: 3.6kg
assembly or complete round and is similar in
appearance to the BM9 entering service in 1968.

tracer (APFSDS-T), solid-shot, embedded tungsten-
L: 548mm
carbide penetrator projectile, using the 3BM16
penetrator cartridge, is designated the VBM7 Wt: 3.9kg
projectile assembly or complete round and is
similar in appearance to the BM12.

armour-piercing fin-stabilised discarding-sabot
with tracer (APFSDS-T), solid-shot, steel
⌀: 125mm
penetrator projectile, using the 3BM88 penetrator L: 548mm
cartridge, is designated the VBM8 projectile Wt: 3.9kg
assembly or complete round and is similar in
appearance to the BM15 entering service in 1972.
This is the Russian 125mm BM22 (БM22) Zakolka,

an armour-piercing fin-stabilised discarding-sabot
with tracer (APFSDS-T), solid-shot, tungsten-
⌀: 125mm
carbide penetrator projectile, using the 3BM23 L: 558mm
penetrator cartridge, is designated the VBM9 Wt:
projectile assembly or complete round and is a
further refinement of the BM15.
This is the Russian 125mm BM26 (БM26)

Nadezhda-R, an armour-piercing fin-stabilised ⌀: 125mm
discarding-sabot with tracer (APFSDS-T), solid- L: 558mm
shot, tungsten-nickel-iron alloy sheathed in steel,
penetrator projectile, using the 3BM27 and
Wt: 4.8kg
3BM27-1 penetrator cartridge.
This is the Russian 125mm BM29 (БM29) Nadfil-2,

an armour-piercing fin-stabilised discarding-sabot ⌀: 125mm
with tracer (APFSDS-T), solid-shot, depleted
uranium-nickel-iron alloy penetrator projectile
L: 450mm
using the 3BM10 penetrator cartridge, is Wt: 4.85kg
designated the VBM10 projectile assembly or
complete round and entered service in 1983.

This is the Russian 125mm BM32 (БM32) Vant, an
armour-piercing fin-stabilised discarding-sabot ⌀: 125mm
with tracer (APFSDS-T), solid-shot, depleted L: 486mm
uranium-nickel-zinc (DU/Ni/Zn) alloy penetrator
projectile using the 3BM38 penetrator cartridge, is Wt: 4.85kg
designated the VBM13 projectile assembly or
complete round, entering service in 1985.
This is the Russian 125mm BM42 (БM42) Mango, an

tracer (APFSDS-T), solid-shot, steel-sheathed,
L: 574mm
double tungsten alloy core penetrator projectile
using the 3BM44 penetrator cartridge, is designated Wt: 4.85kg
the VBM17 projectile assembly or complete round
and intended to increase penetration.

projectile using the OF22 cartridge. In common L: 611mm
with the rest of the 125mm ammunition range, the Wt: 23kg
OF19 is a separate loading munition. It is
automatically loaded into the breech followed by a Exp: 3.15kg
semi-combustible propellant case.
This is the Russian 125mm P-31, a practice, fin-

stabilising, armoured-piercing projectile containing
a tracer pocket. The P-31 projectile is fired at a
⌀: 125mm
high initial muzzle velocity (1,830 m/s) using the L: 535mm
normal, main and incremental charges, but the Wt: 5.2kg
penetrator assembly is a blunt steel rod that
follows the operational APFSDS trajectory.

projectile using the OF-36 cartridge. Fired from L: 603mm
the 125mm main armament, the round is effective
Wt: 23.3kg
against field fortifications, lightly-armoured
targets, exposed weapons and enemy personnel. Exp: 3.34kg

FS-T), setback armed, impact fired, piezo-electric L: 677mm
initiated, point-initiating base-detonating (PIBD) Wt: 19kg
projectile, the BK-14M being the same projectile
Exp: 1.85kg
except with a copper shaped-charge (SC) cone,
intended to defeat armoured targets.

FS-T), setback armed, impact-fired, piezo-electric L: 680mm
initiated, point initiating base-detonating (PIBD),
projectile with the BK-18M being the same
Wt: 17.2kg
projectile except with a copper shaped-charge (SC) Exp: 1.76kg
cone, using the BK-16 cartridge.
This is a Russian 130mm BR-482B (БР-482Б), an

armour-piercing high-explosive with tracer (APHE- ⌀: 130mm
T), spin-stabilised projectile used against heavily L: 475mm
armoured targets. This APHE projectile is used as Wt: 33.49kg
an anti-tank projectile, using high-velocity Kinetic
Energy to penetrate the armour of the enemy tank.
Exp: 130g
This is the Belgium 130mm M46, a high-explosive

(HE), long-range (LR), base-bleed (BB), ⌀: 130mm
fragmentation, spin-stabilised projectile used in L: 730mm
the M-46 and the M1954 field gun. The projectile
was of an improved design, using a Base-Bleed to
Wt:
improve the long range of the Russian OF-842M Exp:
HE projectile.
This is the Russian 152mm Sh2 (Ш2), an anti-

personnel (AP), flechette loaded, carrier, spin- ⌀: 152mm
stabilised projectile, commonly called a Beehive L:
cartridge. This type of projectile is nicknamed
Beehive as after the release of the thousands of Wt: 43.5kg
flechettes from the projectile body, it sounds like a Exp:
hive of bees flying out.

explosive (HE), extended-range (ER), rocket-assisted ⌀: 152mm
(RA), fragmentation, spin-stabilised projectile used L: 744mm
against personnel, equipment and fortifications. Wt: 44kg
The projectile consists of an adapter, warhead and
rocket motor, with a nozzle block. Exp: 4.4kg

projectile. Cartridge gases propel the projectile L: 650mm
down the gun barrel. Rifling in the barrel imparts
Wt: 43.6kg
spin on the projectile for stabilisation during flight.
The fuze functions when the projectile reaches its Exp: 6.57kg
target, initiating the explosive train.
This is the Russian 152mm OF29 (ОФ29) a high-

projectile. The projectile is a separate loading L: 662mm
round of ammunition that consists of a cartridge Wt: 45.5kg
case, fragmentation HE projectile and fuze. The
round is used against personnel, weapons and Exp: 6.73kg
fortifications.

explosive (HE), spin-stabilised projectile. The
⌀: 152mm
projectile is a separate loading round of L: 846mm
ammunition and consists of a cartridge case, Wt: 43kg
fragmentation HE projectile, with fuze. It is used Exp: 7.65kg
against personnel, weapons and fortifications.

projectile. The OF540 projectile (actual calibre L: 708mm
152.4mm) is the successor to the earlier OF530 Wt: 43.56kg
projectile. The OF540B projectile is of two-piece
construction and is part of a separate-loading
Exp: 6.24kg
round.

This is the Russian 152mm BP-540 (БП-540), a
high-explosive anti-tank with tracer (HEAT-T), ⌀: 152mm
spin-stabilised projectile intended to be used L: 531mm
against armoured targets in a direct fire role. The Wt: 27kg
projectile is made up of an ogive, body, main Exp: 3.92kg
charge, assembly and tracer.
This is the Russian 152mm S6 (C6), a parachute

illuminating (Para Illum), spin-stabilised, base- ⌀: 152mm
ejecting, carrier projectile. Cartridge gases propel L: 744mm
the projectile down the gun barrel. The fuze Wt: 32.5kg
functions when the projectile reaches its target,
Exp: 2.2kg
initiating the explosive train.
This is the Russian 152mm O-13, a spin-stabilised,

base-eject, submunition carrier projectile designed ⌀: 152mm
to destroy the firing positions of artillery and
mortar batteries, unarmoured vehicles, manpower L: 664mm
and weapons of the enemy in defensive positions. Wt: 41.4kg
The interior contains eight O-16 fragmentation
submunitions packed in two layers of four,
This is the Russian 152mm 2K25 Krasnopol, a high-

explosive (HE) fragmentation, Base-Bleed (BB) ⌀: 152mm
assisted, fin-stabilised, semi-automatic laser- L: 955mm
guided, projectile that post-launch is laser-guided Wt: 43kg
onto its target. When fired, the guidance package
is protected behind a nose cone with a T-90 fuze
Exp: 6.5kg
that falls away revealing the seeker sensor.

explosive (HE), separate loading, hollow-base (HB),
⌀: 152mm
fragmentation, spin-stabilised projectile used L: 851mm
against personnel, weapons and fortifications. The Wt: 41.77kg
projectile consists of an adapter, body and base. Exp: 6.9kg
The adapter has a fuze well at the forward end,
two spanner holes and is externally threaded.

This is the American 155mm M825 and M825A1, a
white-phosphorus (WP) smoke, base-eject, spin- ⌀: 155mm
stabilised, carrier projectile used to produce
L: 803mm
screening smoke to obscure enemy vision or to
screen manoeuvring elements of 5-10 minutes Wt: 46.4kg
duration. The projectile and canister are painted Exp: 5.9kg
light green with markings stencilled in red.

projectile an upgrade of the American 155mm
L: 748mm
M107. The configuration of the M795 projectile is
similar to the M483A1 externally, except that it is Wt: 47kg
two inches shorter. A gilding metal rotating band Exp: 10.9kg
encircles the high-fragmentation steel body.

explosive rocket-assisted (HERA), spin-stabilised, ⌀: 155mm
fragmentation projectile with M549 and M549A1
L: 856mm
variants. These projectiles consist of two major
components, a warhead filled with 16lbs of Wt: 43.5kg
Composition B high-explosive (M549) or 15lbs of Exp: 7.26kg
TNT (M549A1) and a solid propellant rocket motor.
This is the American 155mm M982, an Extended-

Range (ER), autonomously GPS and inertial-guided, ⌀: 155mm
high-explosive (HE) and submunition, fin-stabilised, L: 996mm
projectile called the Excalibur. The Excalibur was
developed as a longer-ranged alternative to
Wt: 49.9kg
conventional artillery projectiles, with GPS guidance Exp: 5.85kg
for improved accuracy.
This is the American 155mm M718 (L:48 hrs SD) and

M741 (S:4 hrs SD), a spin-stabilised, base-ejecting, ⌀: 155mm
separate loading, submunition carrier projectile. L: 803mm
These projectiles are used to deliver anti-vehicle
Wt: 46.7kg
(AV) landmines in front of enemy armoured forces
to deny/delay access to a particular area for a
specific time period.

projectile probably the most widely used of all L: 802mm
Western artillery projectiles and is still one of the
NATO standard projectiles by which all others are Wt: 42.91kg
measured. The projectile is a hollow steel main Exp: 6.99kg
body filled with 14.6 lbs TNT or 15.4 lbs of Comp B.
This is the Slovakian 155mm OFd MKM, a high-

extended-range (ER) projectile. The projectile has a L: 828mm
boat tail Base-Bleed (BB) unit containing low- Wt: 43.55kg
explosive for extended-range (ER) or a hollow base.
Any additional images and technical information Exp: 10kg
are very much appreciated.
This is the joint Swedish and French 155mm

BONUS, a base-bleed, base-eject, spin-stabilised, ⌀: 155mm
submunition carrier projectile distributing the high- L: 898mm
explosive (HE), Sensor-Fuzed-Weapon (SFW) 155
Bonus. The 155mm BONUS projectile contains two
Wt: 44.4kg
BONUS Sensor-Fuzed-Weapons (SFW) intended to
defeat armoured vehicles with a top attack.
This is the German 155mm DM702, a spin-

stabilised, base-ejecting, thin-walled submunition ⌀: 155mm
carrier projectile for the SMArt 155 series of high- L: 802mm
explosive (HE), top-attack, infrared and millimetre
wave radar Sensor-Fuzed-Weapons (SFW). The
Wt: 47kg
SMArt 155 can be fired from most 155mm artillery Exp: 4.51kg
gun systems.
This is a French 155mm F1, a high-explosive (HE), ⌀: 155mm

fragmentation, spin-stabilised projectile. It can be
used with both NATO standard 155mm ordnance. L: 768mm
The round may employ a Base-Bleed (BB) unit Wt: 43.2kg
containing low-explosive for Extended-Range (ER) Exp: 8.83kg
or a hollow base.

This is the French 155mm LU 211, a high-explosive
(HE), separate loading, fragmentation, spin- ⌀: 155mm
stabilised, projectile. The projectile may employ a L: 771mm
Base-Bleed (BB) unit containing low explosive for
extended-range (ER), the LU 211-IM-BB or a hollow
Wt: 42.7kg
base the LU 211-IM-HB. Exp: 8.8kg
This is the German 155mm DM121, a high-

projectile the standard German 155mm high- L: 841mm
explosive (HE) artillery projectile. While supplied
for use with the PzH 2000 self-propelled howitzer, it
Wt: 43.5kg
can be used with NATO standard 155mm ordnance. Exp: 1.1kg

projectile used with the 2S7 Pion and 2S7M Malka L: 888mm
self-propelled howitzers. The complete 203mm
FRAG-HE round with a full charge is known as the Wt: 110kg
3VOF34 with the 203mm FRAG-HE 3OF43 being Exp: 17.8kg
the projectile.
This is the Russian 203mm G-620 (Г-620), a high-

explosive (HE), concrete piercing, spin-stabilised
⌀: 203mm
projectile. This projectile is painted dark grey with L: 884mm
black markings and a blue colour band just aft of Wt: 100kg
the forward bourrelet. Any additional images and Exp: 15.3kg
technical information are very much appreciated.
This is the British 155mm L15A1, a high-explosive

fragmentation (HE-Frag), spin-stabilised, projectile, ⌀: 155mm
a high capacity thin-walled design produced from L: 779mm
high tensile steel. The body is fitted with a single Wt: 43.5kg
37mm wide driving band of gilding metal, swaged
into a groove machined in the body.
Exp: 11.3kg

This is the Russian 57mm S-5K (C-5K), a high-
explosive anti-tank (HEAT), air-to-surface, fin- ⌀: 57mm
stabilised rocket. The S-5K is an anti-tank/anti- L: 874mm
armour rocket that has a steel-bodied HEAT warhead
Wt: 3.9kg
activated by a V-5K mechanical contact fuze and is
credited with the ability to penetrate 100mm of Exp: 336g
armour plate.
This is the Russian S-5KPB (C-5KPB), a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT), air-to-surface, fin- ⌀: 57mm
stabilised rocket with a wound wire L: 874mm
fragmentation jacket and sensitive piezoelectric
impact fuze. The S-5KPB is a
Wt: 3.9kg
penetrating/fragmentation warhead fuzed with a Exp: 336g
V-5KP1 fuze.
This is a newly observed POM-2R (ПOM-2R), a high-

explosive (HE), scatterable anti-personnel (AP) ⌀: 62mm
landmine launched on the rocket motor of a RPG-7 L: 119mm
observed in Ukraine. As no formal identification is
Wt: 1.09kg
available at this time CAT-UXO is designating this
munition the POM-2R, the R indicating rocket Exp: 140g
delivered, the hand grenade also named POM-2R.
This is the Yugoslavian 64mm M80 Wasp (Зоља), a

single-use, recoilless, high-explosive anti-tank ⌀: 64mm
(HEAT), shoulder-launched, fin and spin-stabilised, L: 669mm
self-destruct (SD) rocket used by infantry units
Wt: 1.58kg
against armoured vehicles as well as personnel in
fortified structures. Exp: 303g
This is the Russian 64mm PG-18 (ΠГ-18) Mukha

(Fly), a high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT), surface- ⌀: 64mm
to-surface, shoulder-launched, disposable, self- L: 694mm
destruct (SD), point-initiating base-donating Wt: 1.44kg
(PIBD), piezoelectric, fin and spin-stabilised Exp: 300g
rocket similar to the American M72-series of
anti-tank rockets.

anti-tank (HEAT), surface-to-surface, shoulder- ⌀: 66mm
launched, disposable, self-destruct (SD), point- L: 580mm
initiating base-donating (PIBD), piezoelectric,
cocked-striker graze feature, fin and spin-stabilised
Wt: 1.04kg
rocket termed a Light Anti-tank Weapon (LAW) Exp: 520g
used primarily to penetrate armoured targets.
This is the Polish 68mm PG-76, high-explosive anti-

tank (HEAT), spin and fin-stabilised, shoulder- ⌀: 68mm
launched rocket with a BD-impact-inertia fuze L: 805mm
Modle DCR 329 fired from a disposable launcher.
Wt: 1.78kg
Upon firing, a firing pin strikes the percussion
primer at the lower end of the rocket body, where Exp: 320g
the resulting flash ignites the ignitor charge.
This is the Russian PG-7M (ПГ-7M), a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT), self-destruct (SD), ⌀: 70mm
surface-to-surface, shoulder-launched, fin and L: 951mm
spin-stabilised rocket with direct copies
Wt: 2.4kg
manufactured in Romania and Poland with the
warhead designated the PG-7M and the rocket Exp: 314g
system designated PG-7VM.
This is the Russian 72mm PG-7S (ПГ-7C), a high-

explosive anti-tank with tracer (HEAT-T), surface- ⌀: 72mm
to-surface, shoulder-launched, fin and spin- L: 670mm
stabilised, rocket with a point-initiating base- Wt: 1.69kg
detonating (PIBD) fuze with a piezoelectric crystal
PI element and a setback-armed BD element Exp: 320g
containing a self-destruct (SD) feature.
This is the Russian 72.5mm MRO, a high-explosive

(HE), self-contained, disposal, single-shot, fin- ⌀: 72.5mm
stabilised rocket. MRO variants include the MRO-A L: 900mm
with a thermobaric warhead distinguishable by
two short red stripes, the MRO-D a WP Smoke
Wt: 4.7kg
identifiable by one red stripe and the MRO-Z Exp:
incendiary marked by a single yellow stripe.

This is the Russian and Bulgarian 72.5mm PG-22
(РГ-22), a high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT), self- ⌀: 72.5mm
destruct (SD), surface-to-surface, shoulder- L: 610mm
launched, fin and spin-stabilised rocket based on Wt: 1.5kg
the RPG-18 rocket launcher but firing a larger Exp: 350g
72.5mm rocket with a VP-16 or VP-22 fuze.
This is the Russian 72.5mm PG-26 (ПГ-26), a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT), self-destruct (SD), ⌀: 72.5mm
spin-stabilised rocket. It fires a single-stage rocket Wt: 1.71kg
with jack-knife fins, which unfold after launch. The
rocket is contained in the barrel tube and its solid- Exp: 420g
fuel motor burns out completely within the barrel.
This is the Bulgarian 72.5mm TB-22M Bulspike, a

fuel-air explosive (FE) thermobaric, spin and fin- ⌀: 72.5mm
stabilised rocket intended for attacking the enemy L: 688mm
manpower placed in the open or in field-type
shelters, battlefield fortifications, reinforced Wt: 4kg
buildings, stone, brick or concrete fortifications, as Exp: 750g
well as light armoured vehicles.
This is the Bulgarian 73mm OG-22, a high-explosive

(HE), anti-personnel (AP), fragmentation, recoilless,
⌀: 73mm
disposable, surface-to-surface, shoulder-launched, L:
fin and spin-stabilised rocket. The warhead is Wt: 2.6kg
designated OG-22 with the rocket system being Exp: 820g
designated the DROG-22.
This is the Russian 73mm PG-9S (ПГ-9C), a tube-

launched, high-explosive anti-tank with tracer ⌀: 73mm
(HEAT-T), surface-to-surface, fin-stabilised rocket L: 773mm
utilising a point-initiating base-detonating (PIBD)
self-destruct (SD) fuze. The warhead is designated
Wt: 2.65kg
PG-9s (ПГ-9C) with the rocket system being Exp: 330g
designated PG-9VS (ПГ-9BC).

This is the Russian 73mm PG-15 (ПГ-15), a tube-
launched, high-explosive anti-tank with tracer ⌀: 73mm
(HEAT-T), surface-to-surface, fin-stabilised rocket L: 883mm
utilising a point-initiating base-detonating (PIBD)
Wt: 3.5kg
self-destruct (SD) fuze. The PG-15 rocket motor
is ignited by the flash from the PG-15P (ПГ-15П) Exp: 320g
propelling launch cartridge.
This is the Russian 73mm RShG-2, a thermobaric,

disposable, fin-stabilised, single-shot, pre-loaded ⌀: 73mm
rocket and launcher designed to defeat light L: 770mm
armoured vehicles, field fortifications and reinforced
concrete structures. The RShG-2 is based on the
Wt: 3.8kg
RPG-26 Aglen anti-tank rocket launcher and uses Exp: 1.1kg
the same disposable launch tube.
This is the Bulgarian 73mm TG-73, a high-explosive

anti-tank (HEAT) tandem warhead, self-destruct ⌀: 73mm
(SD), disposable, surface-to-surface, shoulder- L: 820mm
launched, fin and spin-stabilised rocket. The Wt:
warhead is designated TG-73 with the rocket
Exp:
system being designated the DRTG-73.
This is the Russian 80mm S-8-OF (C-8-OF), a high-

explosive (HE), fragmentation, air-to-surface, fin- ⌀: 80mm
stabilised rocket with a cross-cut diamond pattern L: 1280mm
fragmentation sleeve, also made in Iran and
designated the Fadak 2. This family of rockets was
Wt: 11.34kg
developed to provide the Russian armed forces Exp: 5.02kg
with a series of at least four different rockets.
This is the Russian 82mm PG-82 (ΠГ-82), a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT), percussion-ignited, fin- ⌀: 82mm
stabilised, surface-to-surface rocket with a Point- L: 766mm
Initiating Base-Detonating (PIBD) spit-back fuzing Wt: 4.4kg
system. The front ogive portion of the warhead
Exp: 676g
body provides the standoff for the shaped-charge
(SC) HEAT warhead.

This is the Russian 82mm OG-82, a high-explosive
(HE), percussion-ignited, fragmentation, surface-to- ⌀: 82mm
surface, fin and spin-stabilised rocket, fired from L: 623mm
the Russian SPG-82 launcher in a direct-fire role. Wt: 4.7kg
The 82mm PG-82 (HEAT) and 82mm OG-82 (HE)
have identical rocket motors, but different
Exp: 402g
warheads.
This is the Russian 82mm OG-82c, a high-explosive

(HE) fragmentation, surface-to-surface, fin and ⌀: 82mm
spin-stabilised rocket using a field conversion kit L: 776mm
that uses the warhead of a Russian O-832DU Wt:
mortar (or similar) attached to the rocket portion
Exp: 3.2kg
adapted from the PG-7 series of rocket motors.
This is the Bulgarian 84mm OG-7E, a high-

explosive (HE) fragmentation, with tracer, fin and ⌀: 84mm
spin-stabilised, shoulder-launched, point- L: 600mm
detonating (PD) rocket, the complete rocket being
Wt: 4.4kg
designated the OG-7VE. The assembled rocket
consists of a fuze, warhead body, rocket motor and Exp: 971g
ejection motor.
This is the Russian 85mm PG-7 (ПГ-7), a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT), surface-to-surface, ⌀: 85mm
shoulder-launched, spin and fin-stabilised rocket L: 625mm
incorporating a Point-Initiating Base-Detonating Wt: 1.92kg
(PIBD) with self-destruct (SD) fuzing system also Exp: 380g
made in various countries including Bulgaria and
Iraq.
This is the Russian 85mm PG-7G (ПГ-7Г), a high-

incorporating a Point-Initiating Base-Detonating Wt: 1.92kg
(PIBD), with self-destruct (SD) fuzing system also
Exp: 380g
made in various countries including Egypt.

This is the Russian 85mm PG-7V (ПГ-7B), a high-
shoulder-launched, spin and fin-stabilised L: 920mm
rocket incorporating a Point-Initiating Base-
Detonating (PIBD) with self-destruct (SD) fuzing
Wt: 2.2kg
system also made in various countries including Exp: 455g
Bulgaria and Iraq.
This is the Yugoslavian 90mm M79 Osa (Wasp), a

high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT), man-portable, ⌀: 90mm
shoulder-launched, fin-stabilised rocket made of L: 672mm
fibre-reinforced plastics. It resembles the French Wt: 3.6kg
portable anti-tank launcher 89mm LRAC F1. It
consists of the launcher, a CN-6 sighting piece, a Exp: 650g
rocket and a carrying case for the rocket.
This is the Spanish 90mm C-90, a series of high-

explosive (HE) rockets including the anti-armour, ⌀: 90mm
dual purpose HEAT and anti-personnel (AP), L: 943mm
smoke/incendiary and anti-fortification variants Wt: 4.8kg
fired from a single-use, shoulder-launched, C-90
M3 rocket system.
Exp:
This is the Russian 93mm PG-7L (ПГ-7Л), a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT), surface-to-surface,
⌀: 93mm
incorporating a Point Initiating Base Detonating Wt:
(PIBD) with self-destruct (SD) fuzing system also Exp: 730g
made in various countries including Bulgaria.
This is the Russian 105mm TBG-7 (TБГ-7), a

thermobaric Fuel Air Explosive (FAE) warhead, fin ⌀: 105mm
and spin-stabilised, shoulder-launched rocket. The L:
warhead is designated TBG-7 (TБГ-7) with the
rocket system being designated TBG-7V (TБГ-7B).
Wt: 4.5kg
In open terrain, the warhead is effective over a Exp: 1.9kg
10m radius.

This is the Russian TBG-32 (TБГ-32), a thermobaric
Fuel Air Explosive (FAE), enhanced fragmentation, ⌀: 105mm
self-destruct (SD), surface-to-surface, re-usable L:
shoulder-launched, fin and spin-stabilised rocket, Wt: 7.5kg
also made in Jordan and designated the Nashshab
(Archer) designed to engage manpower, light
Exp:
vehicles and structures, part of the RPG-32 system.
This is the Russian 105mm PG-7R, (ПГ-7Р), a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT), tandem warhead, ⌀: 105mm
spin-stabilised, self-destruct (SD) rocket. The Wt: 4.5kg
warhead is designated PG-7R with the rocket
Exp: 1.22kg
system being designated PG-7VR.
This is the Russian 105mm PG-27 Tavolga, a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT), tandem shaped-charge ⌀: 105mm
(SC) warhead, shoulder-launched, fin-stabilised L: 1200mm
rocket. The main warhead is of 105mm calibre, in
Wt: 4.5kg
front of a tubular nose extension that carries a
smaller shaped-charge (SC) warhead intended to Exp:
detonate explosive reactive armour (ERA).
This is the Russian 105mm PG-29 (ПГ-29), a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT) tandem warhead, self- ⌀: 105mm
destruct (SD), surface-to-surface, shoulder- L: 1850mm
launched, fin and spin-stabilised rocket. The Wt: 6.2kg
smaller front warhead is intended to initiate the
ERA block from the safe range and then the second Exp: 1.4kg
larger warhead strikes the hull of the vehicle.
This is the Russian 105mm PG-30 (ПГ-30) Hook

(Kryuk), a high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) tandem ⌀: 105mm
warhead, self-destruct (SD), surface-to-surface, L:
shoulder-launched, disposable, fin and spin-
Wt: 10.3kg
stabilised rocket with the addition of a separate
40mm precursor round. The precursor round tricks Exp:
the target's APS into engaging it prior to the WH.

This is the Russian PG-32 (ПГ-32) Barkas, a high-
explosive anti-tank (HEAT) tandem warhead, self- ⌀: 105mm
destruct (SD), surface-to-surface, re-usable L:
shoulder-launched, fin and spin-stabilised rocket,
also made in Jordan and designated the Nashshab
Wt: 7.5kg
(Archer), part of the RPG-32 system. Exp:
This is the Bulgarian 106mm RTB-7MA, a high-

explosive (HE) thermobaric, spin and fin-stabilised ⌀: 106mm
rocket intended for attacking the enemy L:
manpower placed in the open or in field-type
shelters, battlefield fortifications, reinforced Wt: 4.6kg
buildings, stone, brick or concrete fortifications, as Exp:
well as light armoured vehicles.
This is the German DM12, a high-explosive anti-

tank (HEAT) version of the German Panzerfaust 3 ⌀: 110mm
(Pzf-3 DM12A1) rocket. The Panzerfaust 3
L: 762mm
consists of a disposable launcher tube holding
the projectile and a reusable firing and sighting Wt: 3.9kg
unit. Exp:
This is the Russian 122mm 9M22, a high-explosive

(HE) fragmentation, electrically initiated, surface- ⌀: 122mm
to-surface, fin and spin-stabilised rocket launched L: 2870mm
from the BM-21 Grad (Hail) truck-mounted Wt: 66kg
multiple rocket launcher systems normally used
against personnel and equipment using the 9N51 Exp: 6.4kg
warhead.
This is the Russian 122mm 9M22K, an anti-vehicle

(AV), submunition (PTM-3 landmine) carrier, base- ⌀: 122mm
ejection, electrically initiated, surface-to-surface, L: 2970mm
fin and spin-stabilised rocket launched from the Wt: 22.8kg
BM-21 Grad (Hail) truck-mounted multiple rocket
launcher systems normally used against personnel Exp:
and flammable targets.

This is the Russian 122mm 9M22M, a high-
explosive (HE), fragmentation, electrically initiated, ⌀: 122mm
surface-to-surface, fin and spin-stabilised rocket L: 1900mm
launched from the BM-21 Grad (Hail) truck-
mounted rocket launcher systems normally used Wt: 45.8kg
against personnel and equipment, the 9M22M Exp: 6.4kg
being fired only from single-tube launchers.
This is the Russian 122mm 9M22S (9M22C), an

incendiary, forward-ejection, electrically initiated, ⌀: 122mm
surface-to-surface, fin and spin-stabilised rocket. L: 2970mm
The 9M22S payload (9N510) consists of 180 un-
fuzed incendiary elements which are ignited on
Wt: 65.6kg
ejection by an ignition/expelling charge of six linear- Exp: 17.9kg
shaped-charges (LSC).
This is the Russian 122mm 9M22U (9M22У), a high-

explosive (HE) fragmentation, surface-to-surface, fin ⌀: 122mm
and spin-stabilised rocket launched from the BM-21 L: 2841mm
Grad truck-mounted multiple launcher systems. The Wt: 65.5kg
basic variant rocket is designated the 9M22 with
other types of warhead installed including chemical,
Exp: 6.4kg
incendiary, smoke or submunitions.
This is the Russian 122mm 3M16, an anti-personnel

(AP) landmine (x5) dispensing, base-ejection, ⌀: 122mm
electrically initiated, surface-to-surface, fin and L: 3019mm
spin-stabilised rocket launched from the BM-21 Wt: 66.4kg
Grad (Hail) truck-mounted multiple rocket launcher
systems normally used against personnel, using the Exp: 21.6kg
9M28 rocket motor.
This is the Russian 122mm 9M28D (9M28Д), an

electrically initiated, surface-to-surface, fin and ⌀: 122mm
spin-stabilised, carrier rocket launched from the
L: 2050mm
launcher systems, used to disperse the 9N511 Wt: 65kg
(9H511) leaflet or propaganda warhead, using the
9M28 rocket motor.

This is the Russian 122mm 9M28F, a high-explosive
fragmentation (HE-Frag), electrically initiated, ⌀: 122mm
surface-to-surface, fin and spin-stabilised rocket L: 2050mm
launched from the BM-21 Grad (Hail) truck- Wt: 56.5kg
mounted multiple rocket launcher systems, with a
more powerful rocket motor and an efficient HE- Exp: 22.8kg
FRAG warhead with pre-formed fragments.
This is the Russian 122mm 9M28K, a high-explosive

(HE) carrier, electrically initiated, surface-to-surface, ⌀: 122mm
fin and spin-stabilised rocket launched from the L: 2050mm
Wt: 50kg
launcher systems normally used to disperse three
PGMDM anti-vehicle (AV) landmines or five POM-2 Exp: 22.8kg
anti-personnel (AP) landmines.
This is the Russian 122mm 9M43, a smoke, nose-

ejecting, electrically initiated, surface-to-air, fin and ⌀: 122mm
spin-stabilised rocket launched from the BM-21 Grad
(Hail) truck-mounted multiple rocket launcher L: 2950mm
systems, designed for setting up and maintaining Wt: 66kg
masking and blinding smoke screens in order to Exp: 576g
reduce the effectiveness of enemy fire attack.
This is the Russian 122mm 9M53F (9M53Ф), a high-

explosive (HE), detachable parachute retarded, ⌀: 122mm
fragmentation, surface-to-surface, fin and spin- L: 3037mm
stabilised rocket launched from the BM-21 Grad Wt: 70kg
truck-mounted multiple rocket launcher systems
normally used against personnel and equipment
Exp: 26g
situated in open trenches.
This is the Russian 122mm 9M522, a high-explosive

(HE), detachable parachute retarded warhead, ⌀: 122mm
fragmentation, electrically initiated, surface-to- L: 3037mm
surface, fin and spin-stabilised rocket. On the
9M522 rocket, much like the 9M53F, the warhead
Wt: 70kg
separates from the rocket motor and descends onto Exp: 21kg
the target under a small parachute.

This is the Iranian 122mm Arash-1, a high-explosive
(HE), electrically initiated, surface-to-surface, fin ⌀: 122mm
and spin-stabilised, fragmentation rocket a copy of L: 2820mm
the Russian BM-21 Grad rocket, this being the Wt: 65kg
standard version with a long-range (LR) version also
being manufactured. It carries an HE fragmentation Exp: 18.3kg
warhead with a contact fuze.
This is the Russian 122mm S-13 and S-13B, an

armour-piercing, high-explosive (APHE), fin- ⌀: 122mm
stabilised, air-to-surface, electrically initiated L: 2540mm
rockets designed mainly to attack airfields and
Wt: 57kg
hardened targets. The rockets have a subcalibre
penetration type warhead that uses a base Exp: 1.82kg
detonating fuze.
This is the Russian 122mm S-13-D a thermobaric,

fin-stabilised, air-to-surface, electrically initiated, ⌀: 122mm
rocket designed mainly to attack airfields and L: 3120mm
troops in the open. The fuel-air explosive filler is Wt: 100kg
equivalent to 35 to 40kg (77 to 88 lb) of TNT.
Exp: 14.6kg
This is the Russian 122mm S-13-OF, a high-explosive

(HE), fragmentation, fin stabilised, air-to-surface, ⌀: 122mm
electrically initiated rocket designed mainly to L: 2970mm
attack airfields and hardened targets. The S-13-OF Wt: 69kg
is an Anti-Personnel/Anti-Material (APAM) rocket
with a warhead surrounded by a pre-fragmented
Exp: 7kg
case made up of 450 preset fragments.
This is the Russian 122mm S-13-T, a high-explosive

(HE), tandem warhead, fin-stabilised, air-to- ⌀: 122mm
surface, electrically initiated rocket designed L: 3100mm
mainly to attack airfield runways. The S-13-T is a Wt: 75kg
tandem warhead anti-runway or anti-shelter
Exp: 4.5kg
rocket consisting of two tandem charges (with
base detonating fuzes).

This is the Russian 220mm TOS-1 (TOC-1), a fuel-
air explosive (FAE), fin-stabilised, solid fuel, rocket ⌀: 122mm
designed to attack enemy fortified positions, open L: 3350mm
country and in lightly armoured vehicles and
transport.
Wt: 214kg
Exp:
This is the Russian 220mm Uragan (Hurricane)

9M27, a long-range, electrically initiated, solid ⌀: 220mm
propellant, fin-stabilised carrier rocket fired from L: 5178mm
the BM-27 Uragan (Ураган) a self-propelled
multiple rocket launcher systems delivering the
Wt: 270kg
various submunition. Exp: 89.5kg
This is the Russian 220mm Uragan (Hurricane)

9M27-K1, a long-range, electrically initiated, solid ⌀: 220mm
propellant, fin-stabilised carrier rocket fired from L: 5178mm
the BM-27 Uragan (Ураган) a self-propelled Wt: 270kg
multiple rocket launcher systems delivering the Exp: 89.5kg
9N210 submunition.
This is the American 227mm M26 (M28 practice),

a high-explosive (HE) submunition carrier, tube- ⌀: 227mm
launched, unguided, folding-fin and spin- L: 3940mm
stabilised, surface-to-surface rocket fired from the Wt: 307kg
American armoured, self-propelled, M270
Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS).
Exp: 19.3kg
This is the Russian 240mm S-24B, a high-explosive

(HE), fragmentation, fin and spin-stabilised
⌀: 240mm
rocket. The S-24B is a very large, powerful L: 2120mm
unguided weapon and one of a handful of Wt: 239kg
successors to the earlier world war II era BETAB- Exp: 28.9kg
750DS rockets.

This is the Russian 266mm S-25-OFM, a high-
explosive (HE) fragmentation, tube-launched, fin- ⌀: 266mm
stabilised, air-to-surface rocket with a warhead L: 3560mm
measuring 340mm in diameter. The S-25-OFM can Wt:
be used against runways, aircraft shelters and
concrete structures.
Exp:
This is the Russian 266mm S-25-OPU, a high-

explosive (HE) fragmentation, tube-launched, fin- ⌀: 266mm
stabilised, air-to-surface, electrically initiated L: 3760mm
rocket with a warhead measuring 340mm in Wt: 385kg
diameter used against troops and lightly armoured
Exp: 151kg
vehicles in the open.
This is the Russian 300mm 9M55 Smerch (Tornado),

a high-explosive (HE) cargo carrier, fin-stabilised, ⌀: 300mm
solid propellant, artillery rocket fired from the BM-
30 heavy multiple rocket launcher system. The
L: 7600mm
system is intended to defeat personnel, armoured Wt: 800kg
and soft targets in concentration areas, artillery
batteries, command posts and ammunition depots.
This is the American 2.75-inch (70mm) Hydra 70

rocket, a High-Explosive (HE), fin-stabilised, un- ⌀: 70mm
guided rocket used primarily in the air-to-ground
role with various available warheads. The Hydra 70
L: 1062mm
rocket has the appearance of a conventional 70mm Wt: 17kg
diameter unguided rocket comprising a Mk 66
solid-propellant motor.
This is the American 70mm (2.75-inch) M151, a

High-Explosive (HE), 10-pounder, fin-stabilised, ⌀: 70mm
general-purpose (GP), blast-fragmentation rocket
warhead designed to provide improved aerial
L: 411mm
artillery capability for the 2.75-inch Hydra 70 Wt: 4.67kg
rocket system. Exp: 1.04kg

This is the Russian F1, a high-explosive (HE),
defensive, fragmentation, hand grenade, ⌀: 55mm
nicknamed the Limonka (lemon-like), used as an L: 117mm
anti-personnel (AP) grenade which may also be Wt: 511g
used as part of a booby-trap. The F1 grenades are
shipped with shipping plugs installed, the fuzes
Exp: 54g
are inserted once in the field.
This is the Russian RGD-5 (Ruchnaya Granata

Distantsionnaya, Distance Hand Grenade or Time- ⌀: 58mm
delayed Hand Grenade), a post World War II, high- L: 117mm
explosive (HE), anti-personnel (AP), fragmentation Wt: 320g
hand grenade, designed in the early 1950s, also
made in Bulgaria, Albania and Georgia with a
Exp: 111g
Chinese copy designated the Type 59.
This is the Russian RGN (Ruchnaya Granata

Nastupatel'naya), a high-explosive (HE), anti-
⌀: 60mm
personnel (AP), defensive, fragmentation hand L: 113mm
grenade very similar to the RGO hand grenade. It Wt: 290g
consists of a single-layered aluminium pre- Exp: 114g
fragmented body.
This is the Russian RGO (Ruchnaya Granata

Oboronitel'naya), a high explosive (HE), anti-
⌀: 61mm
personnel (AP), defensive, fragmentation, hand L: 114mm
grenade. It consists of a double-layered steel pre- Wt: 530g
fragmented body. It is very similar to the single- Exp: 92g
layered defensive aluminium-bodied RGN hand
grenade.
This is the German DM-51, a high-explosive

(HE), defensive or offensive, blast and ⌀: 57mm
fragmentation, hand grenade which uses the L: 108mm
DM-82 fuze. The DM-51 offensive grenade Wt: 440g
becomes the DM-51 defensive grenade when Exp: 53g
the fragmentation sleeve is installed.

This is the German DM-61, a high-explosive
(HE), plastic, defensive, blast and ⌀: 58mm
fragmentation, hand grenade. The HE grenade L: 99mm
is olive drab and the practice DM-78 grenades Wt: 350g
are light blue. The designation is stencilled in
yellow on the HE grenade and in brown on the Exp: 65g
practice grenade.
This is the Finnish M/50 Sirpalekäsikranaatti,

meaning Fragmentation Hand Grenade, a high- ⌀: 50mm
explosive (HE), defensive, fragmentation grenade L: mm
developed from a 50mm mortar main body. Any Wt:
additional images and technical information are Exp:
very much appreciated.
This is the Bulgarian GHO-1, a high-explosive (HE),

offensive, pyrotechnic delay, offensive, ⌀: 56mm
fragmentation, hand grenade with cylindrical L: 79mm
fragments inside. Any additional images and Wt: 280g
Exp: 58g
This is the Belgium NR-423, a high-explosive (HE),

fragmentation, defensive hand grenade also
⌀: 50mm
designated the M72. The grenade is designed in L: 82mm
such a way that it has a uniform fragmentation Wt:
pattern whatever the position of the grenade at the Exp: 60g
moment of explosion.
This is the Russian RG-42 (Model 1942), a high-

explosive (HE), fragmentation, anti-personnel ⌀: 54mm
(AP), defensive hand grenade originally L: 121mm
introduced during World War II as an emergency Wt: 440g
measure, continuing in use with Russian forces in Exp: 120g
the post-war period, also made in Albania and
designated the Model or Type 42.

This is the Russian RKG-3, a hand-thrown,
parachute-stabilised, impact-inertia-fired, high- ⌀: 72mm
explosive anti-tank (HEAT) grenade. RKG stands for L: 362mm
Ruchnaya Kumulyativnaya Granata (Handheld Wt: 1.2kg
Shaped-Charge Grenade). The grenade has a strap-
Exp: 567g
like lever that covers the base of the handle and
runs up each side of the handle.
This is the Russian K-51, a CS gas, riot control,

striker-release fuzed, hand grenade used to ⌀: 59mm
control counter-insurgencies and other tactical L: 153mm
operations. The K-510 fuze is shorter than the
UZRGM and has an internal thread. The K-51
Wt: 250g
burns for 16 seconds producing a thick CS smoke.
This is the Russian RG-60DZ (PГ-60Д3), a carrier

hand grenade that produces smoke, incendiary or ⌀: 58mm
special effects such as an aerosol cloud of an
irritating substance when conducting special L: 173mm
operations and suppressing riots. A pyrotechnic Wt: 136g
mixture from the hand grenade produces a
flammable smoke screen.
This is the Russian RDG-M (PДГ-M), a carrier hand

grenade designed to create an instant smoke ⌀: 58mm
screen. The grenade is charged with a phosphorus-
L: 170mm
based smoke-generating mixture. The RDG-M has
no explosive charge and, thus no fragments, Wt: 350g
capable of inflicting injuries.
This is the Russian RG-60SZ (PГ-60C3), a carrier ⌀: 58mm

hand grenade that produces a flash-bang effect
L: 175mm
used by special forces and the police for riot
control. The sound pressure level at a distance of Wt: 350g
10m from the point of initiation is not less than Exp: 240g
160 dB.

This is the Russian RGR (PГP), a carrier hand
grenade that produces an irritant (CS) cloud for ⌀: 58mm
around 14 seconds used by special forces and the L: 175mm
police for riot control. Any additional images and Wt: 200g
This is the Russian Zarya, a flash/bang stun hand

grenade designed to temporarily disorientate ⌀: 75mm
with acoustic and light effects. The Zarya L: 118mm
produces a flash of 60 million candles and about
170 decibels. The grenade may contain rubber
Wt: 175g
fragments.
This is the Russian ZMG-1, a lead shear, delay-

armed, incendiary device that can be used as a
⌀: 61mm
hand grenade or as a sabotage device. It is used L: 220mm
for the ignition of combustible materials and the Wt: 810g
destruction of material targets. The body Exp: 650g
material is made up of magnesium alloy.
This is the British L84A1, a red-phosphorus (RP)

smoke, hand grenade used for cover and ⌀: 60mm
concealment or signalling. The Grenade Hand L: 129mm
Smoke Screening Red Phosphorus L84A1 has been Wt: 344g
introduced into the British Army to replace the
Exp: 208g
Grenade No80 White-Phosphorus (WP) Smoke.
This is the British L132A2, a smoke hand grenade

used for cover and concealment of troops on the ⌀:
battlefield and denying the enemy the L:
opportunity to target personnel. The Compact Wt:
Smoke Screening Grenade works in the normal
manner for a hand-thrown grenade.
Exp:

This is the Bulgarian AR-ROG, a high-explosive
(HE), fragmentation, hand grenade, intended for ⌀: 30mm
defensive close combat. The grenade features L: 110mm
compact dimensions and low weight, twice less
Wt: 250g
than that of conventional grenades.
Exp: 30g
This is the Russian improvised VOG-17 hand

grenade, a high-explosive (HE), fragmentation,
grenade, improvised from the Russian 30mm VOG-
⌀: 30mm
17M projected grenade and a Russian type UZRG- L: 118mm
M (УЗРГ-М) hand grenade fuze. It is sometimes Wt: 175g
referred to as the Khattabka (хаттабка), a reference
to Ibn Al-Khattab a fighter in North Caucasus.
This is the American ASM, an Anti-Structure

Munition Mk14 MOD 0, a high-explosive (HE) ⌀: 64mm
hand grenade. Any additional images and L: 136mm
technical information are very much appreciated. Wt: 530g
Exp: 404g
This is the Russian MIB (MIБ), a high-explosive

(HE), fragmentation hand grenade also used as an ⌀: 61.5mm
anti-personnel (AP) landmine ideally emplaced in H: 170mm
an upright position by hand or thrown. The Wt: 830g
munition’s functioning as a landmine is similar to
that of the POM-2 scatterable anti-personnel (AP)
Exp: 80g
landmine.
This is the French OF 37 (Grenade à Main Of 37), a

high-explosive (HE), offensive hand grenade, OF ⌀: 60mm
meaning offensive, designed in the late 1930s and L: 67mm
used by the French army long after WW2 together
with the similar DF 37 hand grenade. Wt: 300g
Exp: 90g

This is the Russian POM-2R (ПOM-2P), a hand
grenade version of the scatterable anti-personnel ⌀: 68mm
(AP) fragmentation landmine designated the L: 116mm
POM-2. The POM-2R has a cylindrical cast-steel Wt: 1.09kg
body with tripwire dispensers and a central fuzing Exp: 140g
system.
This is the Russian RG-60TB (PГ-60TБ), a carrier

hand grenade designed for destruction using ⌀: 58mm
thermobaric forces. The grenade contains L: 175mm
thermobaric explosives of about 240g that have a Wt: 350g
similar efficiency of 500 grams of TNT.
Exp: 240g
This is the Ukrainian RGT-27S (РГТ-27С), a high-

explosive (HE), thermobaric, hand grenade ⌀:
intended for the destruction of enemy manpower L:
in shelters of various types, in the open, as well as Wt: 600g
to disable vehicles, that has been adopted by the
Armed Forces of Ukraine. The RGT-27S and RGT-
Exp:
27S2 differ only in their shape.
This is the Ukrainian RGT-27S2 (РГТ-27С2), a high-

explosive (HE), thermobaric, hand grenade ⌀:
intended for the destruction of enemy manpower L:
in shelters of various types, in the open, as well as
to disable vehicles, that has been adopted by the Wt: 600g
Armed Forces of Ukraine. The RGT-27S and RGT- Exp:
27S2 differ only in their shape.

anti-personnel (AP), spherical, fragmentation ⌀: 64mm
grenade filled with Composition B explosives. The H: 88mm
inner wall is pre-scored and does not contain a Wt: 397g
fragmentation coil. The grenade has a smooth Exp: 184g
surface, unlike the Mk II series pineapple casing.

This is the Australian F1, a high-explosive (HE),
fragmentation, defensive, hand grenade. The F1
⌀: 58mm
grenade has an overall mass of 375g consisting of Wt: 375g
4,000 2.4mm steel ball fragments arranged to Exp: 62g
achieve uniform distribution of lethal fragments
through 360° upon functioning.
This is the Bulgarian RGD-5, a plastic, high-

explosive (HE), fragmentation, hand grenade a ⌀: 58mm
modern version of the Russian RGD-5 hand
L: 78mm
grenade. It has an internal pre-fragmented ball
lining and is fitted with detonating mechanism Exp:
DVM.
This is the Polish RGZ-89, a high-explosive (HE)

blast hand grenade. The grenade body is plastic ⌀: 59mm
and contains a coiled, serrated Duralumin wire. L: 98mm
The grenade uses a striker-release fuze. The
safety lever is held in place by the hand. The Exp: 380g
pullring and safety pin are pulled. The grenade is
thrown.

This is the Russian 9N210 (9H210), a high-
explosive (HE), pre-formed fragmentation, anti-
⌀: 66mm
personnel (AP), submunition, 9N indicating L: 265mm
artillery submunition, that is aerially dispensed Wt: 1.85kg
by multiple rocket launcher systems. The 9N210 Exp: 312g
is externally identical to the 9N235.
This is the Russian 3B30 (3Б30), a cylindrical,

ribbon-armed, dual-purpose, high-explosive anti- ⌀: 44mm
tank (HEAT), submunition with a 200-second self- L: 128mm
destruct (SD) fuze designed to destroy lightly
armoured vehicles, infantry fighting vehicles, Wt: 240g
armoured personnel carriers, self-propelled guns, Exp: 45g
helicopters and personnel in form-up locations.
This is the Russian PTAB-1M (ПТАБ-1М), a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT), fin-stabilised, aerially ⌀: 42mm
dispersed submunition containing a point- L: 260mm
initiating, base-detonating (PIBD) fuzing system.
The submunition is normally dispensed from the
Wt: 944g
RBK-500 cluster bomb which contains 268 of these Exp: 450g
submunitions.
This is the Russian PTAB-2.5M (ПТАБ-2.5M), an

improved version of the PTAB-2.5 high-explosive
⌀: 69mm
anti-tank (HEAT) submunition. The submunition is L: 395mm
cylindrical in shape and has a vane-armed, nose Wt: 2.7kg
impact (spit-back) type model AVM-524M fuze Exp: 454g
which has a protective shroud.
This is the Russian 9N24 (9H24), a high-explosive

(HE), fragmentation, submunition delivered by the ⌀: 88mm
SS-21 missile. The body of 9N24 consists of 18 L: 373mm
fragmentation rings with an explosive fill of А-IX- Wt: 7.45kg
20 (80% phlegmatized RDX + 20% aluminium
Exp: 1.45kg
powder).

This is the Russian 9N277 (9H277), a new air-
delivered parachute retarded, submunition ⌀: mm
recently discovered in Ukraine. It is believed to be L: mm
a Fuel-Air Bomb (FAB) or is possibly an incendiary Wt: kg
submunition. Any additional images and technical Exp: g
information are very much appreciated.
This is the Russian 9N247M (9H247M), a new

submunition recently discovered in Ukraine. An ⌀: mm
air-delivered parachute retarded submunition, it's L: mm
believed to be an incendiary submunition, noting
the broken red hazard band around the centre.
Wt: g
Any additional images and technical information Exp: g
are very much appreciated.
This is the Russian O-10, a high-explosive (HE),

aerial-delivered, parachute-retarded, ⌀: 62mm
fragmentation submunition delivered as part of L: 300mm
the 240mm 3-O-8 rocket-assisted carrier mortar. Wt: 3.9kg
14 fragmentation submunitions are contained
within the 3-O-8 mortar bomb.
Exp: 640g
This is the Russian O-16, a small high-explosive

(HE), anti-personnel (AP), fragmentation ⌀: 52mm
submunition that is aerially ejected from a 203mm L: 193mm
3-O-14 or the 152mm 3-O-13 projectile. The 24 Wt: 1.37kg
submunitions within the 203mm projectile or the
Exp: 230g
8 with the 152mm projectile are used against light
material targets and personnel.
This is the Russian O-25, a high-explosive dual-

purpose improved conventional munition ⌀: 44mm
(DPICM), anti-vehicle (AV), submunition L: mm
containing a High-Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT) Wt: g
shaped-charge (SC) similar in design to the
American M42.
Exp: g

This is the Russian 9N730 (9H730), a high-
explosive (HE) nose fuzed, fin-stabilised, blast, ⌀: mm
fragmentation, anti-personnel (AP), submunition L: mm
carried in the 9M723 version of the SS-26 Iskander Wt: kg
ballistic missile. Any additional images and
Exp: g
This is the joint Swedish and French BONUS, a

high-explosive (HE), Sensor-Fuzed-Weapon (SFW) ⌀: 138mm
intended to defeat armoured vehicles with a top L: 82mm
attack. Once the submunition is expelled from the
carrier projectile, small submunition wings are
Wt: 6.5g
deployed and the sensors start searching for Exp: g
targets.
This is the German DM-1490, a high-explosive (HE),

top-attack, infrared and millimetre wave radar ⌀: 147mm
Sensor-Fuzed-Weapon (SFW) part of the SMArt 155 L: 217mm
submunitions delivered within the 155mm DM-702 Wt: 5.4kg
carrier projectile.
Exp: 2.2kg
This is the Russian SPBE (СПБЭ), also known as

MOTIV-3M (МOTИB-3М) or the 9A349, a high- ⌀: 186mm
explosive, IR (Infrared) heat-seeking Sensor-Fuzed- L: 284mm
Weapon (SEW), Misznay-Schardin (MS) shaped- Wt: 17.3kg
charge (SC) submunition. The Sensor-Fuzed-
Weapon (SFW) is designated SPBE, which stands Exp: 5.8kg
for Standard Smart Anti-armour Submunitions.
This is the Russian PTAB-2.5KO, a high-explosive

anti-tank (HEAT), dual-purpose, fin-stabilised ⌀: 59mm
submunition with a self-destruct (SD) after-impact L: 303mm
mechanism intended to defeat armoured targets
such as tanks and infantry armoured fighting
Wt: 2.05kg
vehicles (AFVs). The submunition has six spring- Exp: 200g
deployed fins and an arming impeller.

This is the Russian ML-5, the incendiary element
from the 9N510 warhead of the 122mm 9M22S ⌀: 20mm
Grad rocket. Fired by the BM-21 Grad multiple- L: 20mm
launch rocket system and similar systems the ML-5 W: 20mm
is designed to create large fires in areas of
vegetation and other flammable materials.
H: 35mm
This is the Russian ShOAB-0.5 (ШОАБ-0.5), a small

aerial dispensed, centrifugally armed, high- ⌀: 71mm
explosive (HE), anti-personnel (AP), fragmentation Wt: 417g
submunition. The submunition consists of two
aluminium hemispheres held together by a crimp
Exp: 70g
ring embedded with steel fragmentation balls.
This is the German DM-1489, a high-explosive (HE),

top-attack, infrared and millimetre wave radar ⌀: 147mm
Sensor-Fuzed-Weapon (SFW) part of the SMArt 155 L: 217mm
submunitions delivered within the 155mm DM-702
Wt: 5.4kg
carrier projectile.
Exp: 2.2g

This is the Russian 30mm VOG-17 (BOГ-17), a series
of high-explosive (HE), fragmentation, anti- ⌀: 30mm
personnel (AP), projected grenades launched from a L: 113mm
short cartridge casing used within the AGS-17, AGS-
Wt: 276g
30, AG-17A and AG-17M grenade launchers. The
VOG-17 projectile consists of a thin-walled steel Exp: 33g
body with a copper driving band.
This is the Russian 30mm VOG-30 (BOГ-30), a high-

explosive (HE), fragmentation, anti-personnel (AP), ⌀: 30mm
projected grenade, similar to the VOG-17, but L: 113mm
contains an improved explosive filling and an
enhanced fragmentation design that significantly Wt: 350g
increases the effective blast radius. Exp: 44g
This is the Russian VOG-25 (BOГ-25), a high-

explosive (HE), launcher-fired, anti-personnel (AP), ⌀: 40mm
fragmentation, projected grenade employing the L: 102mm
point-detonating super-quick (PDSQ) VMG-K fuze. Wt: 252g
The VOG-25 consists of a steel body which is
externally formed into five obturating and Exp: 48g
fragmentation grooves.
This is the Russian 40mm VOG-25P (BOГ-25П), a

high-explosive (HE), anti-personnel (AP), bounding ⌀: 40mm
VMG-P point-detonating self-destruct (PDSD) fuze.
The older VOG-25P main body is grooved its full
Wt: 278g
length, whereas the newer version is only grooved Exp: 38g
below the pre-engraved rotation band.
This is the Russian 40mm VOG-25M (BOГ-25M), a

high-explosive (HE), anti-personnel (AP), bounding ⌀: 40mm
VMG-P (PDSD) fuze. The VOG-25M is grooved to its Wt: 278g
full length with the pre-engraved rotation band at
the base of the main body and the fragmentation Exp: 38g
rings are less acute on their outer edge.

This is the Bulgarian 40mm RLV-HEFJ, a high-
explosive fragmentation (HEF), low-velocity, ⌀: 40mm
projected grenade similar to the Russian VOG-25 L: 105mm
anti-personnel (AP) grenade with increased
Wt: 250g
fragment efficiency. It uses a point detonation
(PD), time and super-quick (SQ), with check action Exp: 46g
and self-destruct (SD) fuze.
This is the Bulgarian 40mm RLV-HEF, a high-

explosive fragmentation (HEF), low-velocity, ⌀: 40mm
projected grenade similar to the Russian VOG-25 L: 102mm
anti-personnel (AP) grenade. It uses a point
detonation (PD), time and super-quick (SQ), with Wt: 250g
check action and self-destruct (SD) fuze. Exp: 48g

dual-purpose (HEDP) fragmentation, percussion- ⌀: 40mm
fired, projected grenade with a setback and L: 112mm
centrifugally armed, point-initiating base-
Wt: 380g
detonating (PIBD), with a graze-sensitive feature
providing both armour penetration and anti- Exp: 38g
personnel (AP) effects.

dual-purpose (HEDP), fragmentation with a ⌀: 40mm
shaped-charge (SC), percussion-fired, projected L: 103mm
grenade with a setback and centrifugally armed,
point-initiating base-detonating (PIBD), with a
Wt: 249g
graze-sensitive feature providing both armour Exp: 45g
penetration and anti-personnel (AP) effects.
This is the German 40mm DM121, a high-

explosive fragmentation with tracer (HE-FRAG- ⌀: 40mm
T), grenade-launcher-fired, projected grenade L: 107mm
using the AZ-Z DM451 fuze. Any additional Wt: 278g
images and technical information are very much
appreciated. Exp: 38g

This is the German 40mm DM42, a high-explosive
dual-purpose with tracer (HE-DP-T), projected ⌀: 40mm
grenade using the point-detonating (PD), AZ-Z L: 112mm
DM451 fuze, designed for use against light and
medium armoured targets. On launch, the
Wt: 377g
acceleration and centrifugal loads remove the Exp: 29g
transversal and set-back safety elements.
This is the Russian 43mm VGM-93.2 (BГM93.200),

a grenade-launcher-fired, projected grenade with ⌀: 43mm
a CS gas irritant warhead, launched from the L: 120mm
Russian magazine-fed grenade launcher GM-94 Wt: 350g
designed to produce a non-lethal effect on rioters
and civil offenders.
Exp:
This is the Russian 43mm VGM-93.1 (BГM93.100), a

grenade-launcher-fired, projected grenade with a ⌀: 43mm
thermobaric warhead, launched from the Russian L: 120mm
magazine-fed grenade launcher GM-94, with the
Wt: 350g
43mm MO.1.16.02 being very similar. The GM-94 is
a specialised pump-action grenade launcher Exp: 160g
chambered for 43 x 30mm projected grenades.
This is the Russian 43mm VGM-93.9 (BГM93.900),

a grenade-launcher-fired, projected grenade with a ⌀: 43mm
high-explosive fragmentation (HE-Frag) warhead, L: 120mm
launched from the Russian magazine-fed grenade Wt: 310g
launcher GM-94. The grenade engages
Exp:
unsheltered manpower through fragmentation.
This is the Russian 73mm OG-9 (OГ-9), a high-

explosive (HE), fragmentation, fin-stabilised, ⌀: 73mm
projected grenade utilising the OG-9P (OГ-9П) L: 649mm
propellant cartridge. It has a nose direct impact
Wt: 3.6kg
fuze with a safety cap which is removed prior to
firing and a long tail unit with 8 fixed fins at the Exp: 700g
back.

This is the Russian 73mm OG-15 (OГ-15), a high-
explosive (HE), fragmentation projected grenade ⌀: 73mm
utilising the OG-15P (OГ-15П) launch cartridge. It L: 649mm
has a nose direct impact fuze with a safety cap that Wt: 4.57kg
is removed prior to firing and a long tail unit with 8 Exp: 700g
fixed fins at the back.
This is the Czech Republic 68mm RPG-75, a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT), projected grenade. The
⌀: 67mm
RPG-75 is a shoulder-fired grenade launcher that L: 269mm
appears to be a local variant of the RFAS RPG-18 Wt: 850g
and is one of several designs developed from the Exp: 321g
American M72 66 mm launcher.
This is the German 90mm RGW-90 (Recoilless

Grenade Weapon 90mm), a high-explosive (HE), ⌀: 90mm
shoulder-fired, disposable, various warheads, L: 960mm
projected grenade called the MATADOR (Man-
portable Anti-Tank, Anti-DOoR). Modes are selected
Wt: 8.9kg
by adjusting the fuze extender, extending it for the Exp:
HEAT and leaving it retracted for the HESH mode.
This is the Romanian 73mm 346E, a high-explosive

(HE), fragmentation, fin-stabilised, projected ⌀: 73mm
grenade utilising a mortar bomb main charge often L: 384mm
designated the OG-9 and utilising the PG-9P Wt: 3kg
cartridge. Not to be confused with a mortar (it has
Exp: 540g
no spigot holes) or projectile (it has no driving
band).
This is the Russian 82mm BK-881(БК-881), a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT) fin-stabilised, projected ⌀: 83mm
grenade also made in Poland, Bulgaria and North L: 608mm
Korea with the BK-881M being the same grenade
Wt: 3.9kg
except with a copper shaped-charge (SC) cone,
intended to defeat armoured targets with the Exp: 460g
training version being designated PBK-881.

This is the Bulgarian 40mm OG-7 (ОГ-7), a high-
explosive (HE), anti-personnel (AP), blast, shoulder- ⌀: 40mm
launched, projected grenade with a setback- L: 595mm
armed, point-detonating (PD) fuze used with the Wt: 1.76kg
RPG-7 launcher. The complete round for the OG-7
is designated the OG-7V, being olive drab with Exp: 210g
black markings.
This is the Bulgarian 40mm OG-7V (ОГ-7B), a

shoulder-launched, high-explosive (HE) ⌀: 40mm
fragmentation, projected grenade with a setback- L: 569mm
armed, point-detonating (PD) fuze. This is an anti-
personnel (HE fragmentation) grenade used with
Wt: 2.6kg
the RPG-7 launcher with direct copies Exp: 210g
manufactured in Iraq and Iran.
This is the Bulgarian 40mm OGi-7MA, a shoulder-

launched, high-explosive (HE) fragmentation, ⌀: 40mm
projected grenade an improved pre-fragmentation L:
design of the 40mm OG-7V (ОГ-7B) projected
Wt: 1.37kg
grenade. This is an anti-personnel (HE
fragmentation) grenade used with the RPG-7 Exp:
launcher.
This is the Swedish 84mm FFV-502, a high-

explosive dual-purpose (HEDP), recoilless, base- ⌀: 84mm
detonating (BD), impact Inertia projected grenade. L: 377mm
The FFV-502 projected grenade should not be Wt: 2.5kg
confused as a rocket (no integral rocket motor) or a
Exp: 600g
projectile (no driving band and fired from a
launcher).
This is the Russian PG-2 (ПГ-2), a high-explosive

anti-tank (HEAT), fin-stabilised, projected grenade ⌀: 80mm
which is loaded into the muzzle of the RPG-2 L: 505mm
launcher. The RPG-2 (РПГ-2) is a man-portable, Wt: 1.62kg
shoulder-launched anti-armour weapon
developed from the German Panzerfaust of the Exp: 620g
Second World War.

This is the American 84mm M136 (AT-4), a high-
explosive anti-tank (HEAT), recoilless, disposable ⌀: 84mm
single-shot, fin-stabilised projected grenade L: 466mm
manufactured in Sweden also designated the AT-4.
The M136 grenade should not be confused with a
Wt: 1.9kg
rocket (no rocket motor) or a projectile (no driving Exp: 478g
band and fired from a launcher).
This is the Swedish 84mm AT4-CS-TW, a high-

explosive anti-tank (HEAT), with a second high- ⌀: 40mm
explosive (HE) blast charge, impact-inertia base- L: 569mm
detonating (BD), recoilless, disposable single-shot,
fin-stabilised projected grenade. The forward Wt: 2.6kg
shape-charge (SC) and rear HE charge have separate Exp: 210g
fuzes.
This is the Russian 93mm RPO (РПО) Shmel, a

man-portable, recoilless, fin-stabilised, projected ⌀: 93mm
grenade with a NATO designation of BubbleBee. L: 548
There are three variant grenades A (РПО-А) Wt: 6.5kg
thermobaric, D (РПО-Д) smoke and Z (РПО-З)
incendiary available for the launcher.
Exp: 2.1kg

This is the Russian ML-7 (МЛ-7), a mechanical,
delay−armed, cocked striker, anti-lift firing device
L: 75mm
adopted by the Soviet armed forces in 1984. It is W: 69mm
used to booby-trap landmines and other objects. H: 30mm
It requires between 45 sec to 20 mins to fully arm Wt: 100g
depending on weather conditions.
This is the Russian ML-8 (МЛ-8), a mechanical,

pyrotechnically delay−armed, cocked-striker, ⌀: 75mm
pressure-release, anti−lift firing device. It is used L: 118mm
to booby-trap landmines and other objects as small
as the PMN-2 landmine. When used as an anti- Wt: 175g
handling device it is installed under the landmines.
This is the Russian MS-3 (MC-3), a circular, plastic-

bodied, pressure-release, booby-trap device which ⌀: 110mm
is similar in appearance to the Russian PMN except H: 65mm
that the MS-3 has a small nipple centred on top of Wt: 660g
the black rubber cover. The mechanism of has
been reversed so that the removal of 4 kg of
Exp: 340g
pressure will function the device.
This is the Russian MS-4 (МС-4), a selectable

arming, delay action (15mins - 15hrs) with firing H: 31mm
delay (15mins - 360hrs), anti-disturbance L: 155mm
tilt/trembler firing device. It is nicknamed the MS- W: 92mm
4 Boot Mine, however, it is normally employed as Wt: 410g
an initiating device for a larger charge of
explosives.
Exp: 120g
This is the American M49A1, a tripwire-initiated,

booby-trap flare that illuminates an infiltrating ⌀: 79mm
force at night, with copies produced in Iran and L: 123mm
South Korea. It is composed of an aluminium case Wt: 340g
and a cover assembly containing the initiating
Exp: 142g
mechanism.

Ukraine
Explosive Hazard
Recognition Handbook
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Ukraine

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 1 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Russian PTM-3 (ПТM-3), a high- L: 330mm

This is the Russian PTM-4 (ПТM-4), a high-explosive L: 350mm

This is the German AT-2, a high-explosive (HE), ⌀: 103mm

This is the American M70, a high-explosive (HE),

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 2 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Russian SPM (CПМ), a high-explosive

This is the Russian ADM-8 (AДM-8), a high-

This is the Danish M/56, a high-explosive (HE),

This is the French Mi AC AH F1 (Mine Antichar

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 3 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Russian TM-57, a high-explosive (HE),

This is the Russian TM-62M, a high-explosive (HE),

This is the Russian TM-62D (TM-62Д), a high-

This is the Russian TM-62P3, a high-explosive (HE),

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 4 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Russian TM-83 a high-explosive (HE),

This is the Russian PTKM-1R (ПТКМ-1Р), a high-

This is the French HPD-2, a high-explosive (HE), L: 280mm

This is the Swedish FFV-028, a high-explosive (HE),

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 5 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the German PARM 1 (DM-12) and PARM 2

This is the Russian UDSh, a smoke-dispensing

This is the American M18A1, a high-explosive (HE), L: 216mm

This is the Russian MOB (MOБ), a high-explosive L:

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 6 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Russian POMZ-2M, a high-explosive

This is the Russian PMN (ПМН), a high-explosive

This is the Russian PMN-2 (ПМН-2), a high-

This is the Russian PMN-4 (ПМН-4), a high-

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 7 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Russian MON-50 (MOH-50), a high-

This is the Russian MON-90, a high-explosive (HE),

This is the Russian MON-100, a high-explosive

This is the Russian MON-200, a high-explosive

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 8 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Russian POM-3 Medallion (ПOM-3

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 9 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Russian FAB-500 M62 (ФAБ-500 M62), a

This is the Russian RBK-250-275 (PБК-250-275), a

This is the Russian RBK-250 PTAB-2.5M (PБК-250

This is the Russian OFZAB-500 (ОФЗАБ-500), a

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 10 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Russian RBK-500 PTAB-1M (PБК-500

This is the Russian FAB-500 ShN (ФАБ-500ШH), a

This is the Russian OFAB-500 ShR (ОФАБ-500ШP),

This is the Russian OFSP (OФCП), a high-explosive

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 11 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Russian KAB-500 KR (КAБ-1500 КР), a

This is the Russian KAB-1500 LG (КAБ-1500 ЛГ), a

This is the Russian UPAB-1500B, a high-explosive

This is the Russian OFAB-500 M54 (OФАБ-500

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 12 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Turkish MAM-L (Mini Akıllı Mühimma), a

This is the Turkish MAM-T (Mini Akıllı

This is the Iranian Qaem-1, a high-explosive (HE),

This is the Russian PLAB 250-120 (ПЛАБ 250-120),

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 13 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com

This is the Russian UPAB-500B, a high-explosive

This is the Russian OFAB-500U (ОФАБ-500У), a

This is the Ukrainian UB-75, a high-explosive (HE),

Version 0.3 dated 05 Aug 23 14 Email: cat-uxo@cat-uxo.com