Understanding the Self: Lesson 1

PHILOSOPHY
“Love of Wisdom”
“employs the mind to discover the
ultimate causes, reasons, and principles
of everything”
“It goes beyond scientific investigation of
exploring areas of knowledge”
 Socrates
An unexamined
life is not worth
living
 TWO PARTS OF THE BODY
According to Socrates
PHYSICAL REALM IDEAL REALM
consists of the world that we are living in. contains concepts about the universe, truth,
goodness and beauty.
It is the world that changes and temporary.
These are the things that does not undergo
changes and are ever-lasting.

DUALISM
BODY SOUL
 Plato

The soul is
synonymous
with the self
 THREE COMPONENTS OF THE SOUL
According to PLATO
RATIONAL SPIRITUAL APPETETIVE
Reasons and intellect Charge of emotions Desires that we need
 St. Augustine
Take care of your
body as if you were
going to live forever;
and take care of your
soul as if you were
going to die
tomorrow
 The self According to St. Augustine
BODY SOUL
Physically will die Live eternally with God

This can only be

achieved if the aspect
of man in the reality
will live a virtuous life
Rene Descartes

I think,
therefore
I am
 The self According to Descartes

COGITO EXTENZA
The thing that thinks The extension of mind (body)

Doubting yourself is a
proof of your existence
 David Hume

There is no self.
 The self According to HUME

IMPRESSIONS IDEAS
Experience and Copies of impressions,
sensation imaginations of feelings

Self is a collection of
all perceptions of a
particular person
 Immanuel Kant
All our knowledge
begins with the senses,
proceeds then to the
understanding, and
ends with reason. There
is nothing higher than
reason.
 The self According to KANT

MIND Apparatus of Mind

Organize and synthesize Ideas that cannot be found in
our knowledge the world but only exist in mind.

The “self” is an actively engaged

intelligence in man that synthesizes all
knowledge and experience.
Gilbert Ryle

I act,
therefore I
am
behavior
 Maurice
Merleau-Ponty
The mind and the
body are so
intertwined that they
cannot be separated
from one another
 Ke y Po i n t s
Socrates Dualism

Three parts of the

Plato
Soul (Tripartite Soul)

St. Augustine Goodness

Rene Descartes Cogito and Extenza

Bundle of
David Hume perceptions,
impression and idea

Immanuel Kant Mind and Reason

Gilbert Ryle Behavior

Maurice Merleau- Mind and body

Ponty intertwined
Thank you!