NED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY FINAL YEAR (CHEMICAL ENGINEERING) FALL SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS 2020 BATCH 2016-17 Dated: 16-2-2021 ‘Max. Marks Instructions: i, Attempt all questions. ii, Solve all parts of a question together in sequence. Separately solved questions will not be marked. iii, Draw/Plot neat and clean diagranvGraph where necessary. Question No. 01: Taxonomy Level CS (09406 marks) a) A distillation column operating at 14 bar with a saturated liquid feed of 1000 kmol/h with composition given in Table 1 is to be separated into an overhead product that recovers 98% of the n-butane overhead and 95% of the i-pentane in the bottoms. Relative volatilities are also given in Table T1. i. Calculate the minimum number of stages using the Fenske Equation. ii, Estimate the compositions of the overhead and bottoms products using the Fenske Equation. iii, Calculate the minimum reflux ratio using the Underwood Equations. ‘Table T1: Distillation column feed and relative volatili ‘Component ‘fi(kmol/h) a Propane 203 165 i-Butane 70.7 10.5 n-Butane (LK) 1312 9.04 i-Pentane 100.9 574 n-Pentane (HK) 191.7 5.10 n-Hexane 993 2.92 n-Heptane 1363 1.70 n-Octane 99.6 1.00 b) A liquid processing plant is to be constructed and the purchased cost of equipment is estimated as $550,000. The plant is to be constructed as an extension of an existing plant. Estimate the total capital investment and the fixed-capital investment for the plant. Determine the percentage and amount of the fixed-capital investment which are due to cost of engineering and supervision. ili, Estimate the annualized capital cost of investment if the plant life is 10 years and fractional interest rate is assumed at 9 percent.Question No. 02: Taxonomy Level C5 (11+06 marks) a) You are leading a group of process engineers working for an established engineering consultant firm. Your team is assigned to work with a client who desires to improve the energy efficiency of his process. The stream data extracted from your client's process flowsheet is shown in TABLE Q2. ‘Table Q2: Stream Data for the process Stream | Type Supply Target ‘Heat Capacity flowrate ‘Temperature | Temperature mCp Tsuppy CC) | Tram CC) (wre) HI Hot 330 40 0.19 H2 Hot 250 120 0.225 Ci Cold 30 260) 02 C2 Cold 170 330, 0.15 ii, Qu Using ATmin, = 20°C, conduct the problem table analysis for the heat recovery problem. Based on the results from the problem table analysis, construct the heat cascade diagram. Determine the pinch temperature and the minimum energy consumption for the heat recovery problem. Based on the results obtained from above, design the heat exchanger network (HEN) that will achieve maximum energy recovery. b) A horizontal, cylindrical, tank, with hemispherical ends, is used to store liquid chlorine at 10 bar. The vessel is 4 m internal diameter and 20 m long. Estimate the minimum wall thickness required to resist this pressure, for the cylindrical section and the heads. Take the design pressure as 12 bar and the allowable design stress for the material as 110 MN/m’. estion No. 03: Taxonomy Level C3 (8+10 marks) a) Ina soap-making industry, 1250 gal/h of water flows through a 2.5-inch pipe system as follows: Exit from pump, 1.8 ft vertical, open gate valve, 12.8 fi vertical, 90° bend, 11.3 ft horizontal, 1/4 open globe valve, 19 ft horizontal, 90° bend, 5.8 ft horizontal, open gate valve, 3.5 ft horizontal, entry to tank containing 33 ft of liquid. i. Ifthe pump and tank are both at grade level, estimate the head that the pump must deliver, ii, If the pump inlet pressure is 33 psig, what is the outlet pressure? iii, Estimate the pump shaft work. iv. Ifthe pump is powered by an electric motor with 73% efficiency, what is the annual electricity consumption?b) A heat exchanger is to be constructed by forming copper tubing into a coil and placing it inside an insulated steel shell. If the following data apply, what should be the length of the coil? © Water will flow inside the tubing, and a hydrocarbon vapor will condense on the outside of the tubing. ID of tubin; .5 in, OD of tubing = 0. Condensate rate = 1000 Ib/h. ‘Temperature of condensation = 190°F. Heat of vaporization of hydrocarbon at 190°F = 144 Buw/tb. Heat-transfer coefficient for condensing vapor = 250 Btu/ (h)(ft?)(°F). Inlet water temperature = 50°F. Outlet water temperature = 90°! Heat losses from the shell may be neglected. Question No. 04: Taxonomy Level C2 (05+05 marks) a) Elaborate the significance of plant layout. Comment on how to make it good layout.? b) Ifyou had to design a plant for Butter manufacturing, what constraints would you place on the design?NED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY FINAL YEAR (CHEMICAL ENGINEERING) FALL SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2021 BATCH 2014, 2015 Time: 3 Hours Dated: 9-2-2021 Max. Marks: 60 CHEMICAL PLANT DESIGN (CH-402) CTION Instructions: > Attempt all questions, > All Question Carry equal marks > Draw neat and clean diagram where necessary. > Your Final Answer of each problem should be in S.1 Units. Question No, 01: (10+05 marks) a 1. By how many processes heat can be transferred from Source to Receiver? Write down name? 2. Name the classes of Stainless Steel? 3. What does TEMA stands for? 4, What is the range of Surface area for Shell and Tube H.E? 5. Write down any three major responsibilities of a Plant Engineer? 6. Which variables affect the amount of Frictional Losses? 7. Define Conduction, Convection & Radiation? 8. To select the correct material of construction in the presence of corrosion, which factors must be considered? 9. Which type of H.E is used widely in process industries also mention its percentage? 10, What factors should be considered by the Plant Engineer when developing the design for piping system? b) The purchased cost of 200 ft” shell and Tube H.E (Floating Head, Carbon Steel) was $5500 in 1975. What will be the purchased cost of a 700 ft? shell and Tube H.E (Floating Head, Carbon Steel) in 1988 for All industry? Question No.02: (08+05 marks) a) Determine the pinch temperature and the minimum utility requirement for the streams set out in the table below. Take the minimum approach temperature as 15 deg C. Devise a heat exchanger network to achieve the maximum energy recovery.Stream Type Heat Capacity Source Temp. Target Temp. number kWideg C deg C degC 1 hot 40.0 180, 40 2 hot 30.0 150 60 2 cold 60.0 30 180 4 cold 20.0 80 160 b) A spherical carbon-steel storage tank has an inside diameter of 30 ft. All joints are butt- welded with backing strip. If the tank is to be used at a working pressure of 30 psig and a temperature of 800F, Estimate the necessary wall thickness. No corrosion allowance is necessary. Question No. 03: (09+05 marks) a) A continuous fractionation unit has been designed to operate on a liquid feed containing components, A, B, C, and D. Calculations have shown that 20 theoretical stages are necessary in the column, not including the reboiler. On the basis of the following data, estimate the overall column efficiency and the number of actual trays needed in the column by (a) Fig. 3, (b) Eq. (1), and (c) Eq. (2): = 2 Ln . log Ey~ 1.67 = 0.25 log (ip, ygQtyg) * 0-30l0g 57 0.09( S,.+ 5) E, = 17 ~ 61.11og wr, avg ‘Component Mole Fraction Hin cp @ 260°F ‘Overhead Bottom A 0.10 0.25 = 0.040 B 0.30 0.70 0.03 0.110 c 0.40 0.05 0.64 0.138 D 20 0.175 0.175 Materials B and C are considered as the key components. Relative volatility of the key components is independent of concentration and equals 1.94 at 260°F and the average column pressure. Feed temperature = 85°F, Overhead temperature = 240°F, Bottoms temperature = 280°F. The fractionating unit is a sieve-tray column with a standard type of tray design. The vapor velocity through the tower is about 90 percent of the maximum allowable value. Tower diameter = 4.8 ft Weir height = 2 in. The ratio [is 0.7 in the rectifying section of the column and 1.2 in the stripping section. c) Calculate the minimum work (reversible work) which must be done to isothermal compressor 16g Oxygen at 300k from a pressure of 1 bar to 100 bar. Assume the ideal gas behavior for oxygen Question No. 04: (09+09 marks) a) A single-pass shell-and-tube heat exchanger contains 60 steel tubes. The ID of the tubes is 0.732 in., and the OD is 1.0 in. The shell side of the exchanger contains saturated steam atb) 290°F, and water passes through the tubes. The unit is designed with sufficient tube area to permit 15,000 gph of water to be heated from 70 to 150°F. Inthe course ofthis design, an hd, of 1500 _aeNas assumed to allow for scaling on the water side of the tube. The film coefficient for the steam is 2000 No safety factor other than the one scale value was used in carrying out the exchanger design. Estimate the temperature of saturated steam which must be used when the exchanger is new (i.e., no scale present) if the water enters the unit at a rate of 15,000 gph and is heated from 70 to 150°F. A tanker carrying toluene is unloaded, using the ship's pumps, to an on-shore storage tank. The pipeline is 225 mm internal diameter and 900 m long. Miscellaneous losses due to fittings, valves, etc., amount to 600 equivalent pipe diameters. The maximum liquid level in the storage tank is 30 m above the lowest level in the ship's tanks. The ship's tanks are nitrogen blanketed and maintained at a pressure of 1.05 bar. The storage tank has a floating roof, which exerts a pressure of 1.1 bar on the liquid. The ship must unload 1000 ton within 5 hours to avoid demurrage charges. Estimate the power required by the pump. Take the pump efficiency as 58 percent. Physical properties of toluene: density 874 kg/m’, viscosi 0.62 mNm* s,