Physics Practical Sample Questions Up To Necta 2023

PHYSICS PRACTICAL REVIEW
PHYSICS PRACTICAL
REVIEW
For O-level
3rd
Edition
ALL MOCK AND

Problem and Solution
PRE-NECTA
PRACTICAL 2023
Necta 2011-2023
Written by Sir. Datius Didas
The comprehensive
Physics
Practical guide and solution
For
Secondary schools
All mock questions, pre-necta
2023 and
Physics practical review
necta from 2011-2023
Prepared by Sir. Datius Rwehumbia. Didas email rwehumbiza862@gmail.com

Physics practical review NECTA 2011-2023
Preparation for Necta examinations
Author
Datius R Didas
Edited by ;
John shigela
Datius R Didas
CONTENTS
.
PREFACE ...................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
WAY TO USE THIS BOOK ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
NATURE OF GRAPH ACCEPTED IN PHYSICS EXPERIMENT. ............ Error! Bookmark not defined.
PHYSICS 2A, 2022 ...................................................................................................................................... 6
Solution Question 1 ................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
PHYSICS 2C, 2023 ....................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Solution question 1 .................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
NECTA 2021 PHYSICS 2A ..................................................................................................................... 20
Answer necta 2021, 2A. ......................................................................................................................... 20
NECTA 2021, 2B ........................................................................................................................................ 25
NECTA 2021, 2B ........................................................................................................................................ 25
NECTA. 2020- 2A ......................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Solution For necta 2020-2A Question 1 .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Solution For necta 2020-2A Question 2. ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
NECTA 2020 -2B........................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Answer necta 2020 -2B Question 1.......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Answer necta 2020 -2B Question 2....................................................................................................... 26
NECTA 2019 .2A....................................................................................................................................... 28
Answer for question .1. ......................................................................................................................... 29
Answer for question 2 ........................................................................................................................... 32
NECTA 2018 2A............................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Solution for question 1. ............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Answer for question .2 ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
NECTA 2017 2B ......................................................................................................................................... 34
Answer for question .1 .......................................................................................................................... 35
Answer for question .2 .......................................................................................................................... 38

NECTA 2016 2B ............................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Answer question 1...................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Answer for question 2. ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Answer question 1 ..................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
(g) (I) the table of results .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
NECTA 2013 2B ............................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Answer for question 2. ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
NECTA 2012 2A........................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Solution qn 1 .............................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
NECTA 2011-2A ........................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Answer for question 1. .............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Answer for question 2. .............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
NECTA 2011 -2B.......................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Solution nectar 2011, 2B QN 2 .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Solution qn. 2 ............................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
MAIN THING TO CONSIDER WHEN DRAWING GRAPH .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
PHYSICS 2A, 2022

1. The aim of the experiment was to determine the density of a metre rule.
Proceed as follow:
(a) Locate the centre of gravity C of the metre rule AB by balancing it
freely on the knife edge.
(b) Suspend 100 g mass on the ruler with distance d =10 cm from C, adjust
the position of the knife edge to get a balance as shown in the
following Figure.
d
y x
A B
C
100gm
Table
(c) Record the distance y from the centre of gravity to a knife edge and distance x
from knife edge to the known mass of 100 g.
(d) Repeat the procedures in 1(b) and (c) by increasing the distance of 100 g to d =15
cm, 20 cm, 25 cm and 30 cm.
Questions
(i) Tabulate the results in a suitable table showing the values of d, x and y.
(ii) Plot a graph of y (cm) against x (cm).
(iii)Determine the slope of the graph.
(iv) Describe how the slope obtained from the graph is related to the mass of the metre
rule provided and hence determine the mass of a rule.
(v) Measure and record the length, width and the thickness of the metre rule provided
(vi) Determine the density of a metre rule
Solution necta 2022, 2A
(i) Table of results
d(cm) x(cm) y(cm)
10 4.8 5.0
15 7.3 7.7
20 9.8 10.0
25 12.1 12.8
30 15.0 15.2
(ii) The of graph of y (cm) against x (cm).
Y (cm)
SCALE
20.0 Vertical scale: 1cm represent 0.5cm

Horizontal scale: 1cm represent 0.5cm
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
A (11, 11)
10.0
∆y (cm)
8.0
6.0
∆x (cm)
4.0
2.0
2 4 14
X (cm)
6 8 10 12
(iii) The slope, S, from the graph

Slope, m=𝑌(𝐶𝑚)
𝑥(𝑐𝑚)
Point to from the graph A (6, 6) and B (11, 11)
m=11−6 =5=1.0
11−6 5
The Slope, m, of the graph is1.0
(iv) From the principle of moment
The sum of clockwise moment=sum of anti-clockwise moment
My=100x
100𝑥
y= + 0
𝑀
↑ ↑ ↑
y = mx + 𝐶
100
So, slope m= 𝑀
The value of M=100g
The mass of metre rule is 100g
(v) Length =100cm

Width =2.5cm
Thickness=0.5cm
(vi) The density of ruler may be obtained from
mass , m
density, ρ =
volume , V
the volume of meter rule = length × width × thickness
V = 100 × 0.5 × 2.5 = 125cm3
The density of metre rule is

2. You are provided with a dry cell, resistance box, switch, an ammeter, and a
set of connecting wires. Proceed as follows;
(a) Connect the given electrical components in series with a switch open.
Thereafter, draw and label clearly the circuit.
(b) Set the resistance R = 1 Ω, and then close the switch. Thereafter, read
and record the ammeter reading. Open the switch immediately after
taking the readings.
(c) Repeat the procedures in 2 (b), setting the value of R = 2 Ω, 3 Ω, 4 Ω
and 5 Ω.
Questions;
1
(i) Tabulate the results including the values of I
1
(ii) Plot a graph of R against. I
(iii) From the graph, determine the slope and the vertical
intercept.
(iv) Use the results obtained in 2 (iii) to determine the
internal resistance and e.m.f of a given dry cell.
(v) State the aim of doing this experiment.
Solution question 2
a) Rh
Connected wire
E K
The value was obtained by using the following relation

ship
E = I(R + r) The value of r=0.5Ω,E=1.5V

𝐸 1.5
𝐼= = = 1𝐴
R + r 1 + 0.5
For, R=2
𝐸 1.5
𝐼= = = 0.6𝐴
R + r 2 + 0.5
R=3,
𝐸 1.5
𝐼= = = 0.3𝐴
R + r 4 + 0.5
For, R=4
𝐸 1.5
𝐼= = = 0.6𝐴
R + r 2 + 0.5
R=5,
𝐸 1.5
𝐼= = = 0.3𝐴
R + r 5 + 0.5
i. Table of results
Resistance (Ω) 1 2 3 4 5
Current (A) 1 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3
1 −1 1 1.7 2.5 3.0 3.0
(A )
I
(iii) From the graph the Slope, is given by:

The Slope from the graph
∆𝑅(Ω)
Slope =1 −1
(𝐴 )
𝐼
Point to from the graph A (2.0, 2.5) and B (0.5, 0.25)
2.5−0.25 2.25
E= = = 1.5𝑉
2.0−0.5 1.5
Slope of the graph is 1.5v and y-intercept =-0.5Ω
(iv) By comparing these two equations thus

1
𝐑 = 𝐄( ) −𝐫
𝐈
↓ ↓↓ ↓
𝐘= 𝐦𝐱 +𝐜
Then the value of E=slope (m) =1.5V and internal resistance

r was equal to the value of y=intercept in the graph which are
equal to -0.5
−𝑟 = −0.5
𝑟 = 0.5Ω
The value of internal resistance r = 0.5Ω
(v) The aim of this experiment was to determine the
electromotive force (Emf) and the Internal resistance, r
(ii) The graph of R against. 1I

THE GRAPH OF R (Ω) AGAINST 1/I(𝐴−1)
SCALE
Vertical scale: 1cm represent 0.5Ω

R (Ω) Horizontal scale: 1cm represent 0.25(𝐴−1 )
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5 A (2.0, 2.5)
2.0
1.5
∆ R (Ω)
1.0 L (cm)
0.5
∆1/I (𝐴−1))
0.5 2.5 1/I (𝐴−1 ))

1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5
-0.5
NECTA 2023, 2A
1. A form four student was walking to school and saw the kids swinging
at to and fro motion, the student related the motion of the swings with the
oscillations of the simple pendulum discussed at the school. With
curiosity the next day, the student decided to design an experiment using
the following apparatus; cotton thread, retort stand, pendulum bob, meter
rule and stopwatch. Perform the following experiment using those
apparatuses and then answer the questions that follow. proceeds as
follows:
(a) set up the apparatus as seen in figure 1
Cotton thread
l
Retort stand
x
Bob
Figure 1
(b) Adjust the length (l) of the cotton thread so that l=90cm. displace
the pendulum bob through a small and then then release it to
oscillate. Record the time t for 20 complete oscillations.
(c) Repeat the procedures in 1 (b) for values of l=80cm, 70cm, 60cm
and 40cm.
Questions
(i) tabulate the results of l. t and t2
(ii) plot a graph of l against t2
(iii) determine the slope of the graph in 1(ii)
(iv) The graph of l against t2 is related by the equation 𝑡 2 =
4𝜋2 𝑛2 𝑙 4𝜋2 𝑛2 𝑥
+ where x-is the distance from the centre of the
𝑔 𝑔
mass of the pendulum bob to the point at which it is tied to
the cotton thread and n is the number of oscillations. using
this equation and the slope to obtained in 1 (iii), estimate the
acceleration due to gravity , g (cm/s2)
(v) from your graph, determine the l-intercept in cm

(vi) What does the value obtained in 1(v) signify?
Solution
Way to obtain real data by using formula
N0TE; value of g=9.8m/s2, x=2. 5cm=0.025m, l=90cm =0.9m,the initial
value of length of thread from the retort stand to the centre of bob
(effective length) was 90.25cm
Then
When l=90cm, the length x=2.5cm
𝑙+𝑥 𝑙+𝑥
𝑇 = 2𝜋√ 𝑔
𝑇 = 2𝜋√ 𝑔
0.9+0.025 𝑡
√ = 1.92 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑇 = 𝑛 , 𝑡 = 1.92 × 20 = 38.40𝑠
9.86
For l=80cm
𝑙+𝑥 𝑙+𝑥
𝑇 = 2𝜋√ 𝑔
𝑇 = 2𝜋√ 𝑔
0.8+0.025 𝑡
√ = 1.82 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑇 = , 𝑡 = 1.82 × 20 = 36.40𝑠
9.86 𝑛

𝑙+𝑥
𝑇 = 2𝜋√
𝑔
0.7+0.025 𝑡
√ = 1.70 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑇 = 𝑛 , 𝑡 = 1.70 × 20 = 34.00𝑠
9.86

Length l (cm) Time, t T2 (s2)
(Sec)
90 38.40 1474.56
80 36.40 1324.96
70 34.00 1156.00
60 31.60 998.56
50 29.00 841.00
40 26.00 676.00
(a) The graph of l (cm) against t2 (s2).

THE GRAPH OF l (cm) AGAINST t2 (s2).
l (cm) SCALE
Vertical scale: 1cm represent 5cm
100
Horizontal scale: 1cm represent 92.5𝑆 2
90
80
70
60
A (925, 55)
50
40
∆𝑙 (cm)
30
20
2
∆𝑡 2 (𝑆 )
10
185 370 555 740 925 1110 1295 1480

t2 (s2).
(iii) The slope, S, from the graph

Slope, m=∆𝑇𝑙(𝐶𝑚)
2 (𝑆 2 )
Point to from the graph A (925, 55) and B (370, 20)

55−20
m=925−370 =0.063cm/𝑆 2
The Slope, m, of the graph is 0.06cm/𝑆 2

4𝜋2 𝑛2 𝑙 4𝜋2 𝑛2 𝑥
(iv) From, n 𝑡 2 = +
𝑔 𝑔
𝑔𝑡2
𝑙= − 𝑥
4𝜋2 𝑛2
↑ ↑ ↑
y= m x+ 𝐶
2. you have been provided with a cell E, The key K, resistance box R,
ammeter A and the voltmeter V, Proceed as follows
(a) set up the circuit as shown in figure 2
K E
(b) with the key open, observe and record the reading E on the voltmeter
(c) Set the resistance R equal to 7Ω, close the key and then record the
reading of the current I flowing through the circuit and potential
difference V across the cell.
(d) Repeat the procedure in 2 © with R=5 Ω, 4 Ω, 2 Ω and 1 Ω. For each
case, record the corresponding values of I and V.
Questions
(i) prepare table of value including I (A),V(V) and (E-V) (V)
(ii) Plot a graph of (E-V) (V) against I in amperes.
(iii) compute the slope of the graph plotted in 2(ii)
(iv) What is the physical meaning of the slope in 2(ii)?
(v) if a house alarm is rated 3 Ω is connected in the circuit,
determine the current that must flow through the circuit alarm to
operate it.
PHYSICS 2B, NECTA 2022
2. The aim of this experiment was to determine the e.m.f of the cell and the
resistance of a given piece of wire
Proceed as follows:
(a) Connect the circuit diagram as shown below in which E is a battery, K is a
key, L is the length of the wire, R is the resistance box and A is an
ammeter.
(b) With L = 12 cm and R set at 1 Ω., Record the ammeter reading I (A).
(c) Without altering the value of L, repeat the procedure in 2 (b) with R = 2 Ω,
3 Ω, 4 Ω and 5 Ω. Record the corresponding values of ammeter reading in
each case.
QUESTIONS.
1
(i) Tabulate the results of R, I and
I
1
(ii) Plot a graph of against R.
I
(iii) Calculate the slope S of the graph.
(iv) Find the value of I for which R = 0.
(v) Determine the e.m.f and resistance of the wire L given that, the
internal resistance of the cell was 1.0 Ω. Show clearly how they
arrived to their answers.
Solution question 2
The value was obtained by using the following relation ship
E = I(R + 𝑅𝑊 + r) The value of 𝑅𝑊 =0.5Ω, E=3V and r=1Ω
for R = 1Ω
𝐸 3
𝐼= = = 1.2𝐴
R + 𝑅𝑊 + r 1 + 0.5 + 1
For, R=2
𝐸 3
𝐼= = = 0.9𝐴
R + 𝑅𝑊 + r 2 + 0.5 + 1
For, R=3
𝐸 3
𝐼= = = 0.67𝐴
R + 𝑅𝑊 + r 3 + 0.5 + 1
R(Ω) 1 2 3 4 5
I(A) 1.20 0.85 0.67 0.55 0.46
1 −1 O.83 1.18 1.49 1.82 2.17
(A )
I
(iii) The Slope from the graph

Slope =1∆𝑅(Ω)
(𝐴−1 )
𝐼
Point to from the graph A (4.5, 2.0) and B (1.5, 1.0)
2−1
m=4.5−1.5 =13=0.3
Slope of the graph is 0.3ΩA

1 1 𝑅𝑊 +𝑟
= R +( )
𝑰 𝐸 𝐸
(iv) By comparing these two equations thus ↓ ↓↓ ↓
𝐘 = 𝐦𝐱 +𝐜
When R=0
1 𝑅𝑊 +𝑟 𝑅𝑊 +𝑟
= But =𝑦− 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 = 0.5A−1
𝐼 𝐸 𝐸
𝑅𝑊 + 𝑟
= 0.5
𝐸
1 1
= = 𝐼 = 2𝐴
𝐼 2
The current I=2A
1
(iii) The graph of. I
against R
THE GRAPH OF 1/I(𝐴−1) AGAINST R (Ω)

SCALE
−1
Horizontal scale: 1cm represent 0.5(𝐴−1)
1/I (𝐴 )
2.25
2.0 A (4.5, 2.0)
1.75
∆1/I (𝐴−1 ))
1.5
1.25
1.0
∆ R (Ω)
0.75 L (cm)
0.5
0.25
1 5 R (Ω)
2 3 4 6 7
-0.25
(v) from
E = I(R w + R + r)
1 1 𝑅𝑊 + 𝑟
= R +( )
𝑰 𝐸 𝐸
↓ ↓↓ ↓
𝐘 = 𝐦𝐱 +𝐜
Thus slope =𝐸1 = 13 , the value of E=3V
The value of emf =3V
(v) From
𝑅𝑊 + 𝑟
= 𝑦 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 = 0.5A−1
𝐸
𝑅𝑊 + 1
= 0.5
3
R W = 0.5Ω
The resistance of wire was R W = 0.5Ω
NECTA 2021 PHYSICS 2A

1. You are provided the following experiment
(a) Tie a thread to a given pendulum bob. Fix a wooden rod as shown in figure 1 and mark
its reach point N. then remove the rod.
a Retort stand
Thread
N
Wooden rod
Pendulum bob Bench/Table
Figure 1
(a) Measure a distance a=20cm from point N to the point of suspension of the pendulum. Displace the
bob to a small distance and release it so that it performs to and fro motion. Determine the time ,t
for twenty complete oscillation and hence the periodic time T
(b) Repeat the procedures in 1(b) for values of a=40cm, 60cm, 80cm, and 100cm
Questions
i. Tabulate the values of a, t, T and T2 The instrument and apparatus used
2 2
ii. Plot a graph of T (sec ) against a (cm)
iii. Find the slope, S of the graph
iv. Determine the value of ‘b’ from the equation T2=S(a + b)
v. What does the value of ‘b; represent?
Answer necta 2021, 2A.
i) Table of results
a(cm) Time Period T2(sec2)
t(s) T(s)
20 25.40 1.27 1.61
40 31.00 1.55 2.40
60 35.00 1.75 3.10
80 40.00 20.00 4.00
100 42.00 2.10 4.41
ii) The graph of T2 (sec2) against a (cm)

THE GRAPH OF T2 (sec2) AGAINST a,(cm)
SCALE
Vertical scale: 1cm represent 0.25s2
T2 (sec2) Horizontal scale: 1cm represent 10cm
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
A (50, 2.75)
2.5
2.0 ∆𝑇2(S2)
1.5
∆a (cm)
1.0
0.5
Length
20 40 100 a(cm)
60 80 120 140
(i) From the graph

∆𝐿(𝑐𝑚)
Slope S=
∆𝑡 2 (𝑠 2 )
Point to consider A (50, 2.75) and B (10, 1.25)

2.75−1.25 (sec2 )
S= 50−10(Cm)
Slope (S) =0.0375s2 /cm = 0.04s 2 /cm
(ii) T 2 =S (a + b)
T2 = Sa + (Sb)
↑ ↑ ↑
y= mx + 𝐶
Thus, M=S
Where s-slope and c- y-intercept
C=Sb
𝐶 0.4(𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 )
b=𝑆 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐2
=20cm
0.08( )
𝑐𝑚
b=20cm
(v) The value of ‘b’ represent the length of wooden rod which is 20cm.
1. You are provided with two dry cells of e.m.f E, a key, K, an ammeter, A
voltmeter, v, rheostat, Rh, unknown resistor, R and a 4Ω resistor.
Proceed as follows
(a) Set up the circuit as shown in figure 2
(b) Close the key and adjust the rheostat so that the ammeter reading is
0.1A. Record the voltmeter reading V in volts.
(c) Repeat the procedures in 2(b) above for the values of ammeter reading of 0.3A,
0.5A, 0.7A and 0.9A.
Questions
1 1
(i) Tabulate your results including the value of I and V
1 1
(ii) Plot a graph of against
I V
(iii) Fund the slope of the graph
(iv) Determine the value of unknown resistance R
(v) What is the effect of connecting the resistor, R as shown in figure 2?
Answer.
Apparatus and equipment used
Voltmeter Standard
Resistance
Switch (s)
Connected wire
Battery Rheostat (Rh)

I(A) V 1 −1 1 −1
(𝐴 ) (𝑉 )
I V
0.1 0.2 10.00 5.00
0.3 0.6 3.33 1.67
0.5 1.0 2.00 1.00
0.7 1.4 1.43 0.71
0.9 1.8 1.11 0.56
1 1
(ii) The of graph of I against V
(iii) From the graph
1
∆ (𝐴−1 )
I
Slope M= 1
∆ (𝑉−1 )
V
Point to consider A (3, 6) and B (1.5, 3)
6−3 (𝐴−1 )
M=3−1.5 (𝑉 −1 )
M=2Ω
The Slope (M) =2Ω
(iv) The value of unknown resistance R.
From
𝑅1 .𝑅
𝑅𝑇 = 𝑅+𝑅
1
4𝑅
2=
𝑅+4
8 + 2𝑅 = 4𝑅
8 = 4𝑅 − 2𝑅
8 = 2𝑅
𝑅 = 4Ω
Hence unknown resistance R=4Ω
(v) Effect of connecting resistance -it increase the amount of current flowing in a circuit
since two resistor are connected in parallel
1 1
(ii) The of graph of I against V
𝟏 𝟏
THE GRAPH OF (𝐀−𝟏 ) AGAINST (𝐕 −𝟏 )
𝐈 𝐕
𝟏 −𝟏 SCALE
(𝑨 )
𝐈 Vertical scale: 1cm represent 0.5𝐴−1
10.0 Horizontal scale: 1cm represent0.5 𝑉 −1 )
9.0
8.0
7.0
6.0 A (3, 6)
5.0 𝟏
∆ (𝑨−𝟏 )
𝐈
4.0
3.0
𝟏
∆ (𝑽−𝟏 )
𝐕
2.0
1.0
𝟏 −𝟏
(𝑽 )
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 𝐕
2. Were provided with a resistance box R, a dry cell E, a switch S, a jockey J and a Centre-
zero galvanometer. They were required to determine the value of the unknown resistance X
by means of a metre bridge as follows:
(a) Set up the circuit as shown in Figure 2.
(b) Set R =1Ω, close the switch, slide the jockey over the metre bridge wire until the
galvanometer reads zero. Read and record the length L1.Also read and record the
corresponding length L2.
(c) Repeat the procedures in 2 (b) for values of R = 2Ω, 3Ω, 5Ω and 7Ω and record the
values for L1 and L2 in each case.
Questions.
𝐿1
(i) Tabulate your results including the values of
𝐿2
𝐿1
(ii) Plot a graph of R against 𝐿
2
(iii)Find the slope S of the graph
(iv) Determine the value of the unknown resistance X by showing clearly how
you arrive at your answer
Answer necta 2020 -2B Question 2.
Jockey
Galvanometer
𝐿1
i. Tabulate your results including the values of 𝐿2
R(Ω) 1 2 3 5 7
L1(cm) 80.0 66.7 57.0 44.5 36.5
L2(cm) 20.0 33.3 43.0 55.5 63.5
𝑳𝟐 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.25 1.74
𝑳𝟏
𝐿
(ii) The graph of R against 𝐿1
2
∆𝑅(Ω)
Slope M= 𝐿
∆ 2
𝐿1
Point to consider A (1.0, 4.0) and B (2.0, 8.0)
8.0−4.0 (Ω)
M= = 4Ω
2.0−1.0
M=4Ω
Slope (M) =4Ω
𝐿1
THE GRAPH OF R (Ω) AGAINST
𝐿2
SCALE

Resistance,
Horizontal scale: 1cm represent 0.125
R (Ω)
9.0
8.0 B (2.0, 8.0)
7.0
6.0
∆R (Ω)
5.0
4.0
𝐿1
∆
𝐿2
3.0
2.0
1.0
𝐿1
𝐿2
0.5 1.0 2.5
1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5
-1.0
(iv) From the theory of this experiment
𝑋 𝑅2
= 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑛
𝐿1 𝐿2
𝐿2
𝑅2 = 𝑋
𝐿1
↓ ↓ ↓
𝑦= 𝑚 𝑥
Slope (m) =unknown resistance X=4Ω
NECTA 2019 .2A

1. The aim of this experiment is to determine the Density of liquid, L by
means of spiral spring.
Proceed as follow
(a) Assemble the apparatus as shown in figure 1 with zero mark of the
meter rule at upper most end. Record the reading of the position of a
pointer on the scale as yo.
0
Cramp Meter rule
Spiral spring Pointer

Retort stand
100 cm
Table Figure 1
(b) Hung the 50g mass on a spiral spring and record the reading on the
meter rue as y. find the extension, e=y-y0.
(c) Without removing the 50g mass, repeat the procedure 1(b) for
m=100g,150g, 200g, and 250g mass to obtain a total of five reading.
Remember to calculate extension, e in each observation.
(d) Measure and record the mass of empty piece of bottle labeled Q
(e) Replace the masses with of bottle labeled Q filled with 100cm3 of liquid L. record
the resulting extension as e1
Questions.
(i) Prepare the table of results including the values of m, y and e
(ii) Plot the graph of mass m(g) against extension e(cm)
(iii)Find the gradient G of the graph
(iv) What will be the extension produced by mass of 1.0kg
(v) Use the information from the graph you have drawn to determine the
density of liquid L in its SI units.
Answer for question .1.
Pointer
Spiral spring
Meter rule
(i) Table of results for m, y and e:

yo =34.6cm
e=y-yo
Mass of empty piece of bottle (mo) =13.8g
m(g) y(cm) e(cm)
50 43.9 9.3
100 62.6 28.0
150 72.0 37.4
200 81.3 46.7
250 90.7 56.1
(ii) From the graph

∆𝑚(𝑔)
Slope G=
∆𝑒(𝑐𝑚)
Point to consider A (40, 165) and B (19, 50)
165−50 (𝑔)
G=40−19(𝑐𝑚)
G= 5.48g/cm
Slope (G) =5.48g/𝑐𝑚 or 5.5g/c𝑚
(ii) The graph of m (g) against e (cm)
THE GRAPH OF MASS, m (g) AGAINST EXTENSION e, (cm)

SCALE
Vertical scale: 1cm represent 25g
Mass Horizontal scale: 1cm represent 5cm
M (g)
450
400
350
300
250
200
A (40, 165)
150
100
∆𝑚(𝑔)
50
∆e (cm)
Extension
10 20 50 e(cm)
30 40 60 70
-50
(iii) From the graph and gradient

∆𝑚 = 𝐺 × ∆𝑒
M=Ge but m=50+m
Thus
m=Ge-50
m=0.55e-50 – this is the equation of the graph
So from the equation of the graph, the extension produced by mass of 1kg
(1000g) was
1000g=5.5e-50g
5.5e=1000g+50g
5.5e=1050g
e=191cm.
The extension produced by 1kg mass was 191cm
(v) When the masses were replaced by a piece of bottle labelled Q with liquid
L, it produce an extension (e1) of 30.5cm. From the graph this extension
corresponds to the mass of 115g. Therefore mass of piece of bottle filled with
liquid L was 115g.
Mass of liquid L=115g-mo=115g-13.8g=101.2g
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 101.2𝑔
So density of liquid L is given by =𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 100𝑔 = 1.012𝑔/𝑐𝑚3
The density of liquid L=1.012𝑔/𝑐𝑚3
Hence liquid L was water since the density of water is 1.0𝑔/𝑐𝑚3
2. You are required to determine the value of unknown resistance X using

Meter Bridge.
Proceed as follows
(a) Connect the circuit in figure 2, where R is a resistance box, E is a dry
cell, k is a key, G is a Centre-zero galvanometer, J is a jockey and X is
unknown resistance.
R X
5Ω
L1 L2
K E
Figure 2
(b) Set R=1Ω, close the key K, slide jockey over the metre bridge wire
until the galvanometer read zero. Read and record length L1. Also read
and record corresponding length L2.
(c) Repeat the procedures in 2(b) for R=2 Ω,3 Ω,4 Ω and 5 Ω and record
the value for L1 and its corresponding value of L2 in each case.
Questions.
(i) Tabulate your results including the value of L1/L2
(ii) Plot the graph of R against L1/L2
(iii) Deduce the slope ,s of the graph
(iv) Find the value of unknown resistance X. show clearly how
you arrived to your answer.
Answer for question 2.
(i) Table of results for R, LI, L2, and L1/L2
R(Ω) L1(cm) L2(cm) L1/L2
1 34.8 65.2 0.5
2 51.6 48.4 1.1
3 61.5 38.5 1.6
4 68.1 31.9 2.1
5 72.7 27.3 2.7
∆𝑅(Ω)
Slope (S) =
∆L1/L2
Point to consider A (3, 5.6) and B (1, 1.8)
5.6−1.8 (Ω)
S= 3−1
S= 1.9Ω=2Ω
Slope (S) =2Ω
(ii) The graph of R (Ω) against L1/L2

THE GRAPH OF R (Ω) AGAINST L1/L2

A (3, 5.6)
SCALE
R (Ω))
Horizontal scale: 1cm represent 0.25
4.5
4.0
3.5
∆𝑅(Ω)
3.0
2.5
2.0
∆ L1/L2
1.5
1.0
0.5
L1/L2)
0.5 1.0 2.5
1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5
-0.5
(iv) From the general equation of meter bridge
𝐿1 𝑅1
= … … … … … … . (𝑖)
𝐿2 𝑅2
Now R1=R and R2=equivalent resistance of resistor X and 5Ω (in parallel)
5𝑋
This was given by R2=5+𝑋
From equation of the graph
𝐿1 𝑅
= … … … … … … . (𝑖𝑖)
𝐿2 𝑆
Compare equation (i) and (ii)
5𝑋
S=R2=5+𝑋
5𝑋
1.9=5+𝑋 = 9.5 + 1.9𝑋 = 5𝑋
3.1X=9.5
X=3.06=3.1Ω
The value of unknown resistance X was 3Ω
NECTA 2017 2B
1. The aim of the experiment in figure 1 is to determine the effective mass of spring
and its spring constant K.
(a) Suspend the spiral spring to the retort stand.
(b) Load the lower end of the spring with a mass of M=200g and then pull the
mass slightly vertically downwards through a short distance from an
equilibrium position and release it so that the system executes vertical
oscillation of small amplitudes.
(c) Use a stop watch to record the time t (sec) for 20 vertical oscillation and
then determine the periodic time T(sec), hence determine T2(sec2)
Retort stand.
Spiral spring
Figure 1
(d) Repeat this procedure for other four (4) masses in steps of 50g
(e) Tabulate the results
(f) It is found that the period T of oscillation and the spring constant K are
T2 M+S
related by the equation = , where S is the effective mass of the
4π2 K
spring.
i) Plot a graph of T2 against M
ii) Calculate the slope of the graph

iii) Using given equation and the graph, determine the value of S and
K
Answer for question .1
1. (e) The table of results

Mass(g) Time (s) T(s) T2(s2)
200 24.74 1.24 1.50
250 27.46 1.37 1.90
300 29.94 1.50 2.25
350 32.20 1.61 2.60
400 34.32 1.72 2.90
(f) ii) Slope from the graph
∆𝑇 2 (𝑠 2 )
Slope m=
∆𝑀(𝑔)
Point to from the graph A (325, 2.4) and B (100, 0.85)
2.4−0.85 (𝑠2 ) 1.55
m=325−100 (𝑐𝑚) = 225 = 0.0069𝑠2 /𝑔
Slope (m) =0.0069𝑠 2 /𝑔or 6.9𝑠 2 /𝑘𝑔
(iii) From the given equation
T2 M+S
=
4π2 K
M+S
𝑇 2 = 4𝜋 2 ( )
K
4𝜋 2 4𝜋 2 2
𝑇 =( )𝑀 + ( )𝑆
𝐾 𝐾
By comparing the equation in straight line
Y = mx + c
4𝜋2
Slope (m) = = 6.9𝑠 2 /𝑘𝑔
𝐾
4𝜋2
K= = 5.7𝑁/𝑚
6.9
Then the value of S
4𝜋2
Thus c-y-intercept =(
𝐾
)𝑆
𝐶𝐾 0.15×5.7
Hence S= = = 0.0217𝐾𝑔 = 21.7𝑔
4𝜋2 4𝜋2
The value of S=21.7𝑔
i) The Plot the graph of T2(s2) against M(g)

THE GRAPH OF T2 (s2) AGAINST M (g)
SCALE
Vertical scale: 1cm represent 0.25s2
T2 (s2) Horizontal sclaie: 1cm represent 50g
4.5
4.0
3.50
3.0
2.5 A (325, 2.4)
2.0
∆ T2 (s2)
1.5
1.0
∆M (g)
0.5
L (cm)
100 M (g)
200 300 400 500 600 700
-1
2. The aim of experiment was in figure 2 is to determine the critical angle A of

given glass block.
(a) Fix the white sheet of the paper on drawing board using drawing pin
(b) Place the glass block provided on a sheet of a paper with its largest face upper most
and trace its outline EFGH.
(c) Remove the block and on its outline, draw a perpendicular BI.
(d) Draw a ray AB such that angle β=350
(e) block and draw a normal extending to opposite as shown in figure 2
A
P1
P2
E β B F
r
H I C G
P3
(f) Replace the glass block D

(g) Stick two pin P1 and P2 along AB and looking through the glass block from the
opposite face HG. Stick two other pins P3 and P4 in the line with P1 and P2 .remove
the glass block.
(h) Draw a straight line DC through P3 and P4 and join up C to B
(i) Measure the angle of refraction r and then calculate the value of cosβ and sin r
(j) Repeat the procedure (d) to (h) for value of β=450,550,650and 750
(k) Tabulate your results
(l) Plot a graph of sin r against cosβ
(m) Determine the gradient G of the graph
(n) Calculate the value of the critical angle A from G=sin A.
Apparatus and equipment for this experiment

Answer for question .2
(k) Table of results

β r Sin r Cos β
350 330 0.54 0.8
450 280 0.47 0.7
550 230 0.39 0.6
650 160 0.28 0.4
750 100 0.17 0.3
The formula to be used without performing experiment was
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽
𝑟 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( )
1.5
PHYSICS TO WARD NECTA

1. The aim of this experiment was to determine the acceleration due to
gravity and radius of bob by means of simple pendulum.
Proceed as follows
Set the apparatus as shown
Retort stand l
Bob
Table
a) set the bob to oscillate through a small angle and began counting the
number of oscillation through 20 complete oscillation
b) Measure the length l, of the thread from the point of attachment of the bob
and record the results
c) By rising a thread each time, shorten the length of the pendulum by about
10cm, 20cm, 30cm and 40cm.
d) On each data obtained above find time of 20 complete oscillation
e) Tabulate your results including T2
f) Plot a graph of length l against T2 and find its slope
g) By using this formula 𝑇 = 2𝜋√𝐿−𝑙

𝑔
find the value of g and r
h) What was the significant of value of r obtained in simple pendulum bob

i) Mention three sources of error and its precautions
Answer
Way to obtain real data by using formula
N0TE; value of g=9.8m/s2,r=0.95cm=0.0095m, L=60cm
=0.6m ,the initial value of length of thread from the retort
stand to the centre of bob (effective length) was 60cm
Then
When l=10cm, the length l=50cm
So from 𝑇 = 2𝜋√𝐿−𝑙
𝑔
0.6 − 0.1
𝑇 = 2𝜋√ = 1.40
9.86
For l=20cm
0.6 − 0.2
𝑇 = 2𝜋√ = 1.26
9.8
For l=30cm
0.6−0.3
𝑇 = 2𝜋√ 9.86
= 1.09
For l=40cm
0.6 − 0.4
𝑇 = 2𝜋√ = 0.89
9.86
(b) Table of results

Length l Time, t Period, T T2 (s2)
(cm) (Sec) (sec)
10 28.00 1.40 1.96
20 25.20 1.26 1.59
30 21.80 1.09 1.19
40 17.80 0.89 0.79
(c) The of graph of l (cm) against T2 (s2).

THE GRAPH OF l (cm) AGAINST T2 (s2).
l (cm) SCALE
Vertical scale: 1cm represent 5cm
100
Horizontal scale: 1cm represent 0.25𝑆 2
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
∆𝑙 (cm)
20
A (1.75,15)
2
10 ∆𝑇 2 (𝑆 )
0.5 1.0 15 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5

T2 (s2).
The slope, S, from the graph

Slope, m=∆𝑇𝑙(𝐶𝑚)
2 (𝑆 2 )
Point to from the graph A (1.75, 15) and B (0.75, 40)

40−15
m=0.75−1.7.5 =-25cm/𝑆 2
The Slope, m, of the graph is-25cm/𝑆 2
From,𝑇 = 2𝜋√𝐿−𝑙
𝑔
𝑔𝑇 2 = 4𝜋 2 (𝐿 − 𝑙)
𝑇2
𝑙=𝐿−
4𝜋 2
𝑔𝑇 2
y= − + L
4𝜋 2
↑ ↑ ↑
y= mx + 𝐶
Y- Intercept, =59.05cm =L, but value of L=60cm

Then L=l+r and l=y-intercept
r=L-l=60cm-59.05cm=0.95cm
The value of r=0.95cm
Also
The value of g was obtained from

M=− 4𝜋𝑔2
Then
g=m×4𝜋 2 = −25 × −4𝜋 2 = 987𝑐𝑚/𝑠 2
Hence the value of g is 987𝑐𝑚/𝑠 2 𝑜𝑟 9.87𝑚/𝑠 2
(d) The significant of r was to determine the effective length of a pendulum bob and it
was a radius of bob
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g) About author PHYSICS PRACTICAL REVIEW
h)
NECTA 2011-2022
i) This book was written by Sir. Datius R Didas .Born in 1996 at
j)
Mabira village in Kyerwa Kagera. In the year of 2003 he
k)
l) started primary education at Ileega primary school, where he
m) succeed to join secondary education at Mabira secondary
n) school in the year 2009-2013. He succeeded to join advanced
o)
p)
education in the year 2014-2016 at Lindi secondary school
taking combination of PGM.
2nd Edition
q)
r)
s)
t)
u)
v)
KWA MAHITAJI YA MASWALI KAMA HAYA NA KUPATA KIZIMA CHA

PHYICS PRACTICAL REVIEW NECTA 2011-2022, 2A,2B AND 2C
Ikiwa kimeonyesha njia mbadala ya kupata majibu yote ya practical
Nipigie au nicheki wastap namba 0765660931
PIA TUNA VITABU VIFUATAVYO
1. PHYSICS COMPETENCE BASED QUESTIONS WITH ANSWER FORM 1&2
2. PHYSICS COMPETENCE BASED QUESTIONS WITH ANSWER FORM 3&4
3. PHYSICS COMPLETE NOTES FOR O-LEVEL
4. BIOLOGY PRACTICAL REVIEW SOLVED NECTA FROM 2011-2022
5. CHEMISTRY ACTUAL PRACTICAL REVIEW NECTA 2011-2022
WRITTEN BY THE SAME AUTHOR
SiR. DATIUS DIDAS
VITABU VYOTE HIVI VINAPATIKANA KWA SOFT COPY VIA WATSAP,EMAIL

OR TELEGRAM
PIA VINAPATIKANA KWA HADI COPY, NIPIGIE
SIMU 0765660931 AU O753683521
KARIBUNI SAANA
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PHYSICS PRACTICAL REVIEW

ALL MOCK AND

Prepared by Sir. Datius Rwehumbia. Didas email rwehumbiza862@gmail.com

Physics practical review NECTA 2011-2023

Preparation for Necta examinations

Answer for question .2 ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

PHYSICS 2A, 2022

(ii) The of graph of y (cm) against x (cm).

20.0 Vertical scale: 1cm represent 0.5cm

(iii) The slope, S, from the graph

(v) Length =100cm

The density of metre rule is

The value was obtained by using the following relation

E = I(R + r) The value of r=0.5Ω,E=1.5V

(iii) From the graph the Slope, is given by:

(iv) By comparing these two equations thus

Then the value of E=slope (m) =1.5V and internal resistance

(ii) The graph of R against. 1I

Vertical scale: 1cm represent 0.5Ω

2.5 A (2.0, 2.5)

0.5 2.5 1/I (𝐴−1 ))

(v) from your graph, determine the l-intercept in cm

When l=80cm, the length x=2.5cm

When l=70cm, the length x=2.5cm

(i) Table of results

(a) The graph of l (cm) against t2 (s2).

185 370 555 740 925 1110 1295 1480

(iii) The slope, S, from the graph

Point to from the graph A (925, 55) and B (370, 20)

The Slope, m, of the graph is 0.06cm/𝑆 2

PHYSICS 2B, NECTA 2022

(iii) The Slope from the graph

Slope of the graph is 0.3ΩA

THE GRAPH OF 1/I(𝐴−1) AGAINST R (Ω)

Vertical scale: 1cm represent 0.125Ω

2.0 A (4.5, 2.0)

NECTA 2021 PHYSICS 2A

Pendulum bob Bench/Table

Answer necta 2021, 2A.

ii) The graph of T2 (sec2) against a (cm)

Vertical scale: 1cm represent 0.25s2

T2 (sec2) Horizontal scale: 1cm represent 10cm

(i) From the graph

Point to consider A (50, 2.75) and B (10, 1.25)

Battery Rheostat (Rh)

Answer necta 2020 -2B Question 2.

Vertical scale: 1cm represent 0.5Ω

8.0 B (2.0, 8.0)

(iv) From the theory of this experiment

NECTA 2019 .2A

Spiral spring Pointer

(i) Table of results for m, y and e:

(ii) From the graph

(ii) The graph of m (g) against e (cm)

THE GRAPH OF MASS, m (g) AGAINST EXTENSION e, (cm)

Mass Horizontal scale: 1cm represent 5cm

(iii) From the graph and gradient

2. You are required to determine the value of unknown resistance X using

(ii) The graph of R (Ω) against L1/L2

THE GRAPH OF R (Ω) AGAINST L1/L2

(iv) From the general equation of meter bridge

ii) Calculate the slope of the graph

Answer for question .1