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Practice- UT1
Let f be the function given by the for all x > 0. The derivative of f is given by .
1. Find .
Part D
0 1
Part D
max is
AP Calculus AB Page 1 of 34
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Practice- UT1
0 1 2
max is
Let F be the function defined by f(x) = 2xe−x for all real numbers x.
Part A
0 1
Let f be a twice-differentiable function such that f(2)=5 and f(5)=2. Let g be the function given by g(x)=f(f(x)).
Page 2 of 34 AP Calculus AB
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Practice- UT1
4. Let h(x)=f(x)-x. Explain why there must be a value r for 2<r<5 such that h(r)=0.
Part D
Let h(x)=f(x)-x. h(2)=f(2)-2=5-2=3 h(5)=f(5)-5=2-5=-3 Since h(2)>0>h(5), the Intermediate Value Theorem guarantees
that there is a value r, with 2<r<5, such that h(r)=0.
0 1 2
Let h(x)=f(x)-x.
h(2)=f(2)-2=5-2=3
h(5)=f(5)-5=2-5=-3
Since h(2)>0>h(5), the Intermediate Value Theorem guarantees that there is a value r, with 2<r<5, such that h(r)=0.
5. Find g(x).
Part A
g(x) = 0
0 1
AP Calculus AB Page 3 of 34
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Practice- UT1
g(x) = 0
Show all of your work, even though the question may not explicitly remind you to do so. Clearly label any
functions, graphs, tables, or other objects that you use. Justifications require that you give mathematical reasons,
and that you verify the needed conditions under which relevant theorems, properties, definitions, or tests are
applied. Your work will be scored on the correctness and completeness of your methods as well as your answers.
Answers without supporting work will usually not receive credit.
Unless otherwise specified, answers (numeric or algebraic) need not be simplified. If your answer is given as a
decimal approximation, it should be correct to three places after the decimal point.
Unless otherwise specified, the domain of a function is assumed to be the set of all real numbers for which
is a real number.
(b) What type of discontinuity does have at ? Give a reason for your answer.
(c) Find all horizontal asymptotes to the graph of . Show the work that leads to your answer.
Part A
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response.
0 1 2 3
Page 4 of 34 AP Calculus AB
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Practice- UT1
The student response accurately includes all three of the criteria below.
Solution:
is continuous at if
Part B
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response.
0 1 2
and
answer
Solution:
Part C
AP Calculus AB Page 5 of 34
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Practice- UT1
At most 1 out of 2 points if both correct asymptotes are listed without reference to limits OR if one correct asymptote is
listed without any incorrect asymptotes and/or reference to limits.
Students do not have to show the factorization to earn the second point.
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples to score the response.
0 1 2
Solution:
Page 6 of 34 AP Calculus AB
Scoring Guide
Practice- UT1
Show all of your work, even though the question may not explicitly remind you to do so. Clearly label any
functions, graphs, tables, or other objects that you use. Justifications require that you give mathematical reasons,
and that you verify the needed conditions under which relevant theorems, properties, definitions, or tests are
applied. Your work will be scored on the correctness and completeness of your methods as well as your answers.
Answers without supporting work will usually not receive credit.
Unless otherwise specified, answers (numeric or algebraic) need not be simplified. If your answer is given as a
decimal approximation, it should be correct to three places after the decimal point.
Unless otherwise specified, the domain of a function is assumed to be the set of all real numbers for which
is a real number.
(b) What type of discontinuity does have at ? Give a reason for your answer.
(c) Find all horizontal asymptotes to the graph of . Show the work that leads to your answer.
Part A
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response.
0 1 2 3
The student response accurately includes all three of the criteria below.
justification
Solution:
AP Calculus AB Page 7 of 34
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Practice- UT1
is continuous at if
Part B
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response.
0 1 2
answer
Solution:
because the numerator approaches 1, while the denominator approaches 0 from the right.
Part C
At most 1 out of 2 points if both correct asymptotes are listed without reference to limits OR if one correct asymptote is
listed without any incorrect asymptotes and/or reference to limits.
Students do not have to show the factorization to earn the second point.
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples to score the response.
Page 8 of 34 AP Calculus AB
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Practice- UT1
0 1 2
Solution:
because
8. Find and .
Part A
or DNE
AP Calculus AB Page 9 of 34
Scoring Guide
Practice- UT1
0 1 2
or DNE
Part C
0 1 2
Page 10 of 34 AP Calculus AB
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Practice- UT1
Part A
1 point is earned for answering "yes" and equating the values of the left- and right-hand limits
f is continuous at x = 3 because
Therefore,
0 1 2
1 point is earned for answering "yes" and equating the values of the left- and right-hand limits
f is continuous at x = 3 because
Therefore,
A car travels on a straight track. During the time interval 0 ≤ t ≤ 60 seconds, the car’s velocity v, measured in feet per
second, and acceleration a, measured in feet per second per second, are continuous functions. The table above shows
selected values of these functions.
AP Calculus AB Page 11 of 34
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Practice- UT1
11. For 0<t<60, must there be a time t when v(t)=-5? Justify your answer.
Part C
Yes. Since v(35)=-10<-5<0=v(50), the IVT guarantees a t in (35, 50) so that v(t)=-5.
0 1 2
Yes. Since v(35)=-10<-5<0=v(50), the IVT guarantees a t in (35, 50) so that v(t)=-5.
Let f be the function that is given by f(x) = ax + b / x2− c and that has the following properties.
(ii)
(iii) f′(1)=−2
12. Write an equation for each vertical and each horizontal asymptote of the graph of f.
Part B
Page 12 of 34 AP Calculus AB
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Practice- UT1
0 1 2
Part C
AP Calculus AB Page 13 of 34
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Practice- UT1
0 1 2 3
Page 14 of 34 AP Calculus AB
Scoring Guide
Practice- UT1
Part B
0 1 2
AP Calculus AB Page 15 of 34
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Practice- UT1
15. For the particular solution y = f(x) described in the previous question, find .
Part C
0 1
Part A
⇒
⇒
Page 16 of 34 AP Calculus AB
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Practice- UT1
0 1 2 3
⇒
⇒
The twice-differentiable function W models the volume of water in a reservoir at time t, where W(t) is measured in
gigaliters (GL) and t is measured in days. The table above gives values of W'(t) sampled at various times during the time
interval days. At time t =30, the reservoir contains 125 gigaliters of water.
17. Explain why there must be at least one time t, other than t = 10, such that W'(t) = 0.7 GL/day.
Part C
AP Calculus AB Page 17 of 34
Scoring Guide
Practice- UT1
By the Intermediate Value Theorem, there must be at least one time t, , such that W'(t) = 0.7.
0 1 2
By the Intermediate Value Theorem, there must be at least one time t, , such that W'(t) = 0.7.
The functions f and g are differentiable for all real numbers, and g is strictly increasing. The table above gives values of
the functions and their first derivatives at selected values of x. The function h is given by h(x) = f(g(x)) - 6.
18. Explain why there must be a value r for 1 < r < 3 such that h(r) = -5.
Part A
Since h(3) < -5 < h(1) and h is continuous, by the Immediate Value Theorem, there exists a value r, 1 < r < 3, such that
h(r) = -5
Page 18 of 34 AP Calculus AB
Scoring Guide
Practice- UT1
0 1 2
Since h(3) < -5 < h(1) and h is continuous, by the Immediate Value Theorem, there exists a value r, 1 < r < 3, such that
h(r) = -5
The twice-differentiable function W models the volume of water in a reservoir at time t, where W(t) is measured in (GL)
and t is measured in days. The table above gives values of W '(t) sampled at various times during the time interval 0 ≤ t ≤
30 days. At time t = 30, the reservoir contains 125 gigaliters of water.
19. Explain why there must be at least one time t, other than t = 10, such that W'(t) = 0.7 GL/day.
Part C
By the Intermediate Value Theorem, there must be at least one time t, 22 ≤ t ≤ 30, such that W'(t) =0.7.
AP Calculus AB Page 19 of 34
Scoring Guide
Practice- UT1
0 1 2
By the Intermediate Value Theorem, there must be at least one time t, 22 ≤ t ≤ 30, such that W'(t) =0.7.
Part B
0 1
Part C
Page 20 of 34 AP Calculus AB
Scoring Guide
Practice- UT1
0 1 2 3
Part D
0 1
AP Calculus AB Page 21 of 34
Scoring Guide
Practice- UT1
Show all of your work, even though the question may not explicitly remind you to do so. Clearly label any
functions, graphs, tables, or other objects that you use. Justifications require that you give mathematical reasons,
and that you verify the needed conditions under which relevant theorems, properties, definitions, or tests are
applied. Your work will be scored on the correctness and completeness of your methods as well as your answers.
Answers without supporting work will usually not receive credit.
Unless otherwise specified, answers (numeric or algebraic) need not be simplified. If your answer is given as a
decimal approximation, it should be correct to three places after the decimal point.
Unless otherwise specified, the domain of a function is assumed to be the set of all real numbers for which
is a real number.
The graphs of the functions and are shown above on the interval . The graphs consist of line
segments, except where on the interval .
(a) Write a difference quotient that best approximates the instantaneous rate of change of at .
(d) Values of at selected values of are given in the table below. What type of discontinuity does have
at ? Based on the values in the table, what is a reasonable estimate for ? Give a reason for your
answer.
Page 22 of 34 AP Calculus AB
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Practice- UT1
Part A
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples to score the response.
0 1
Solution:
Part B
At most 2 out of 3 points if mathematical notation for any limit is missing or incorrect.
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response.
0 1 2 3
The student response accurately includes all three of the criteria below.
limit notation
considers one-sided limits
answer
Solution:
As approaches 4 from the left and from the right, approaches 2 from below. Therefore, the limit of should
be evaluated as approaches 2 from the left, as shown.
Therefore,
Part C
At most 1 out of 2 points if mathematical notation for any limit is missing or incorrect OR if response includes jump
discontinuity at maximum of one incorrect value.
AP Calculus AB Page 23 of 34
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Practice- UT1
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response.
0 1 2
jump discontinuity at
justification, using correct limit notation
Solution:
and
Part D
Any value between 2.615 and 2.621 earns the estimate point.
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples to score the response.
0 1 2 3
The student response accurately includes all three of the criteria below.
Page 24 of 34 AP Calculus AB
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Practice- UT1
Solution:
The graph shows that is decreasing near so Since the table of values reflects
approximate linear behavior, a reasonable estimate for would be determined by averaging the function values
on each side of 1.
Alternately,
a reasonable estimate can be found by observing that as increases by 0.001, decreases by 0.002 or 0.003. Since
2.618 is 0.003 from both 2.621 and 2.615, it is the best estimate.
AP Calculus AB Page 25 of 34
Scoring Guide
Practice- UT1
Show all of your work, even though the question may not explicitly remind you to do so. Clearly label any
functions, graphs, tables, or other objects that you use. Justifications require that you give mathematical reasons,
and that you verify the needed conditions under which relevant theorems, properties, definitions, or tests are
applied. Your work will be scored on the correctness and completeness of your methods as well as your answers.
Answers without supporting work will usually not receive credit.
Unless otherwise specified, answers (numeric or algebraic) need not be simplified. If your answer is given as a
decimal approximation, it should be correct to three places after the decimal point.
Unless otherwise specified, the domain of a function is assumed to be the set of all real numbers for which
is a real number.
The graphs of the functions and are shown above on the interval .
(a) Write a difference quotient that best approximates the instantaneous rate of change of at .
(b) Let be the function defined by . Find the value of or explain why the limit does
not exist. Use correct limit notation in your answer.
(d) Values of at selected values of are given in the table below. What type of discontinuity does have
at ? Based on the values in the table, what is a reasonable estimate for ? Give a reason for your
answer.
Part A
Page 26 of 34 AP Calculus AB
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Practice- UT1
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples to score the response.
0 1
Solution:
Part B
At most 2 out of 3 points if mathematical notation for any limit is missing or incorrect.
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response.
0 1 2 3
The student response accurately includes all three of the criteria below.
limit notation
considers one-sided limits
answer
Solution:
As approaches 3 from the left and from the right, approaches 2 from above. Therefore, the limit of should be
evaluated as approaches 2 from the right, as shown.
Therefore,
Part C
At most 1 out of 2 points if mathematical notation for any limit is missing or incorrect.
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response.
AP Calculus AB Page 27 of 34
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Practice- UT1
0 1 2
Solution:
Because is continuous at
Because
Part D
Any value between 2.784 and 2.787 earns the estimate point.
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples to score the response.
0 1 2 3
The student response accurately includes all three of the criteria below.
Page 28 of 34 AP Calculus AB
Scoring Guide
Practice- UT1
estimate
reason
Solution:
The graph of indicates that has a removable discontinuity at The graph shows that is increasing near
so A reasonable estimate for would be determined by averaging the
function values on each side of 1.
Show all of your work, even though the question may not explicitly remind you to do so. Clearly label any
functions, graphs, tables, or other objects that you use. Justifications require that you give mathematical reasons,
and that you verify the needed conditions under which relevant theorems, properties, definitions, or tests are
applied. Your work will be scored on the correctness and completeness of your methods as well as your answers.
Answers without supporting work will usually not receive credit.
Unless otherwise specified, answers (numeric or algebraic) need not be simplified. If your answer is given as a
decimal approximation, it should be correct to three places after the decimal point.
Unless otherwise specified, the domain of a function is assumed to be the set of all real numbers for which
is a real number.
The amount of money raised during a fund-raising campaign is modeled by the function defined above, where
is measured in United States dollars and is the time in days since the campaign began.
(c) The amount of money raised during a competing fund-raising campaign is modeled by the function
defined by , where is measured in United States dollars and is the time in days since
that campaign began. According to this model, is there a time , for , at which the amount of money
raised is 10 dollars? Justify your answer.
Part A
The second point requires a reference to time increasing and the connection to the amount raised.
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response
AP Calculus AB Page 29 of 34
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Practice- UT1
0 1 2
interpretation
Solution:
As time increases, the amount raised by the fund-raising campaign approaches $800.
Part B
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response.
0 1 2 3
The student response accurately includes all three of the criteria below.
Solution:
Part C
Page 30 of 34 AP Calculus AB
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Practice- UT1
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples to score the response.
0 1 2
Solution:
is continuous for
By the Intermediate Value Theorem, there must be at least one time for such that
AP Calculus AB Page 31 of 34
Scoring Guide
Practice- UT1
Show all of your work, even though the question may not explicitly remind you to do so. Clearly label any
functions, graphs, tables, or other objects that you use. Justifications require that you give mathematical reasons,
and that you verify the needed conditions under which relevant theorems, properties, definitions, or tests are
applied. Your work will be scored on the correctness and completeness of your methods as well as your answers.
Answers without supporting work will usually not receive credit.
Unless otherwise specified, answers (numeric or algebraic) need not be simplified. If your answer is given as a
decimal approximation, it should be correct to three places after the decimal point.
Unless otherwise specified, the domain of a function is assumed to be the set of all real numbers for which
is a real number.
The total accumulated revenue a company has received up to time is modeled by the function defined above,
where is measured in millions of United States dollars and is the time in years since 1980.
(c) The company’s total accumulated expenses up to time is modeled by the function defined by
, where is measured in millions of United States dollars and is the time in years
since 1980. According to these models, is there a time , for , at which the total accumulated profit,
, is equal to 0 ? Justify your answer.
Part A
The second point requires a reference to time increasing and the connection to the revenue of the company.
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response.
0 1 2
interpretation
Solution:
Page 32 of 34 AP Calculus AB
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Practice- UT1
As time increases, the total accumulated revenue of the company approaches $100 million.
Part B
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response.
0 1 2 3
The student response accurately includes all three of the criteria below.
Solution:
Part C
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples to score the response.
0 1 2
AP Calculus AB Page 33 of 34
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Practice- UT1
specific reference to
Solution:
By the Intermediate Value Theorem, there must be at least one time for such that
Page 34 of 34 AP Calculus AB