Math Unit10 Frqs

AP CALCULUS BC Scoring Guide
FRQ No. 20 Practice Qs for EOT2
The function f is defined by the power series
for all real numbers x.
1. Show that approximates f(1) with error less than .
Part B
1 point is earned for correctly showing error bound <
This is an alternating series whose terms decrease in absolute value with limit 0. Thus, the error is less than the first
omitted term, so .
0 1
The student response earns one of the following points:
1 point is earned for correctly showing error bound <
This is an alternating series whose terms decrease in absolute value with limit 0. Thus, the error is less than the first
omitted term, so .
2. Show that y = f(x) is a solution to the differential equation xy' + y = cos x.
Part C
1 point is earned for the correct series for y' OR for the correct series for xf(x)
1 point is earned for the correct series for xy' OR for identifying the series as sin x
OR
AP Calculus BC Page 1 of 32
Scoring Guide
1 point is earned for the correct series for xy' + y OR for handling xy' + y
1 point is earned for identifying the series as cos x OR for making the correct connection to cos x
OR
0 1 2 3 4
The student response earns four of the following points:
1 point is earned for the correct series for y' OR for the correct series for xf(x)
1 point is earned for the correct series for xy' OR for identifying the series as sin x
OR
1 point is earned for the correct series for xy' + y OR for handling xy' + y
1 point is earned for identifying the series as cos x OR for making the correct connection to cos x
Page 2 of 32 AP Calculus BC
Scoring Guide
OR
Let f be the function given by .
3. Let g be the function given by the sum of the first four nonzero terms of the power series for f(x) about x=0 . Show
that |f(x)−g(x)| <0.02 for −0.6 ≤ x ≤ 0.6 .
Part C
1 point is earned for correctly alternating series bound of
1 point is earned for correctly using x = 0.6
This is an alternating series for each x, since powers of x are even.
Also, so terms are decreasing in absolute value
1 point is used for the correct conclusion
Thus
0 1 2 3
The student response earns three of the following points:
Scoring Guide
Also, so terms are decreasing in absolute value
Thus
4. Find the interval of convergence of the power series for f (x) about x =0 . Show the analysis that leads to your
conclusion.
Part B
1 point is earned for the correct interval for series
1 point is earned for making the correct connection
1 point is earned for the correct answer
OR
1 point is earned for correctly setting up the ratio
1 point is earned for correctly computing the limit
So the series for converges for
0 1 2 3
Scoring Guide
OR
So the series for converges for
5. Find the first four nonzero terms and the general term of the power series for f (x) about x =0 .
Part A
1 point is earned for the correct 1st and 2nd terms
1 point is earned for the correct 3rd and 4th terms
1 point is earned for the correct general term
0 1 2 3
Scoring Guide
Let P(x)=7−3(x−4)+5(x−4)2−2(x−4)3+6(x−4)4 be the fourth-degree Taylor polynomial for the function f about 4.
Assume f has derivatives of all orders for all real numbers.
6.
Write the fourth-degree Taylor polynomial for about 4.
Part C
1 point is earned for correctly answering
or
(ignore + . . .)
0 1 2
The student response earns two of the following points:
1 point is earned for correctly answering
Scoring Guide
or
(ignore + . . .)
Let f be the function given by \(f\left(t\right)=\frac{4}{1+t^2}\) and G be the function given by \(G\left(x\
right)=\int_0^xf\left(t\right)\ dt\).
7. Find the interval of convergence of the power series in part (b). (Your solution must include an analysis that
justifies your answer.)
Part C
1 point is earned for setting up appropriate test
1 point is earned for correct conclusion (ratio test must include limit)
1 point is earned for tests both endpoints, invoking Alt. Series Test
Ratio Test,
≤ ≤
0 1 2 3
Scoring Guide
1 point is earned for setting up appropriate test
1 point is earned for correct conclusion (ratio test must include limit)
1 point is earned for tests both endpoints, invoking Alt. Series Test
≤ ≤
8. Find the first four nonzero terms and the general term for the power series expansion of G(x) about x=0.
Part B
1 point is earned for first four terms of anti derivative
1 point is earned for general term of antiderivative
1 point is earned for evaluating antiderivative on [0,x] in power series context
0 1 2 3
1 point is earned for first four terms of anti derivative
1 point is earned for general term of antiderivative
1 point is earned for evaluating antiderivative on [0,x] in power series context
Scoring Guide
Let for
9.
Find the interval of convergence of the power series . Show the analysis that leads to your
answer.
Part C
The response can earn up to 4 points:

1 point: sets up ratio
1 point: computes limit of ratio
1 point: identifies radius of convergence
1 point: analysis and interval of convergence
When
, the series is
This series converges by the Alternating Series Test.
When
, the series is
This series diverges by the integral test, as shown in part (a).
Scoring Guide
Therefore, the interval of convergence is
0 1 2 3 4
The response can earn up to 4 points:

1 point: sets up ratio
1 point: computes limit of ratio
1 point: identifies radius of convergence
1 point: analysis and interval of convergence
When
, the series is
When
, the series is
This series diverges by the integral test, as shown in part (a).
Scoring Guide
The function g is continuous for all real numbers x and is defined by
10. Let f be the function given by f(x) = cos(2x). Write the first four nonzero terms and the general term of the Taylor
series for f about x = 0 .
Part B
One point is earned for the first two terms
One point is earned for the next two terms
One point is earned for the general term
0 1 2 3
The student earns all of the following points:
One point is earned for the first two terms
One point is earned for the next two terms
11. Use your answer from part (b) to write the first three nonzero terms and the general term of the Taylor series for g
about x = 0.
Part C
One point is earned for the first three terms
Scoring Guide
0 1 2
The function g has derivatives of all orders, and the Maclaurin series for g is
12. The Maclaurin series for g evaluated at x = 1/2 is an alternating series whose terms decrease in absolute value to 0.
The approximation for g(1/2) using the first two nonzero terms of this series is 17/120. Show that this
approximation differs from g(1/2) by less than 1/200.
Part B
One point is earned for uses the third term as an error bound
One point is earned for error bound
0 1 2
One point is earned for uses the third term as an error bound
One point is earned for error bound
Scoring Guide
13. Using the ratio test, determine the interval of convergence of the Maclaurin series for g.
Part A
One point is earned for sets up ratio
One point is earned for computes limit of ratio
One point is earned for identifies interior of interval of convergence
One point is earned for considers both endpoints
One point is earned for analysis and interval of convergence
The series converges when
. When x = −1, the series is
This series converges by the Alternating Series Test. When x = 1, the series is
This series converges by the Alternating Series Test. Therefore, the interval of convergence is
0 1 2 3 4 5
One point is earned for sets up ratio
Scoring Guide
One point is earned for computes limit of ratio
One point is earned for identifies interior of interval of convergence
One point is earned for considers both endpoints
One point is earned for analysis and interval of convergence
. When x = −1, the series is
This series converges by the Alternating Series Test. When x = 1, the series is
This series converges by the Alternating Series Test. Therefore, the interval of convergence is
14. Write the first three nonzero terms and the general term of the Maclaurin series for g'(x).
Part C
0 1 2
Scoring Guide
Let f be the function given by \(f(x)=e^{\frac{x}{2}}\).
15. Write the first four nonzero terms and the general term for the Taylor series expansion of f(x) about x=0 .
Part A
1 point is earned for first two terms
1 point is earned for second two terms
1 point is earned for general term
0 1 2 3
1 point is earned for first two terms
1 point is earned for second two terms
1 point is earned for general term
The Maclaurin series for f(x) is given by
16. For what values of x does the given series converge? Show your reasoning.
Scoring Guide
Part B
1 point is earned for correctly setting up ratio test and finding the limit
1 point is earned for correctly applying ratio test to get answer
Converges for all x, by ratio test
0 1 2
1 point is earned for correctly setting up ratio test and finding the limit
1 point is earned for correctly applying ratio test to get answer
Converges for all x, by ratio test
17. Let g(x) = x f(x) Write the Maclaurin series for g(x) , showing the first three nonzero terms and the general term.
Part C
1 point is earned for the correct first three terms
< -1 > not an infinite series
0 1 2
1 point is earned for the correct first three terms
Scoring Guide
< -1 > not an infinite series
Let f be a function that has derivatives of all orders for all real numbers. Assume f (1)=3, f ′ (1) =−2, f ″(1)= 2 and f
‴ (1)=4
18. Write the second-degree Taylor polynomial for f', the derivative of f, aboutx=1 and use it to approximate f′(1.2) .
Part C
3 points are earned for the correct second degree Taylor polynomial about
< -1 > each incorrect term in polynomial
< -1 > error in approximation
Note: < -1 > once for use of = rather than ≈
0 1 2 3
3 points are earned for the correct second degree Taylor polynomial about
< -1 > each incorrect term in polynomial
< -1 > error in approximation
Note: < -1 > once for use of = rather than ≈
Scoring Guide
19. The function g has derivatives of all orders, and the Maclaurin series for g is
(a) Using the ratio test, determine the interval of convergence of the Maclaurin series for g.
(b) The Maclaurin series for g evaluated at x = is an alternating series whose terms decrease in absolute value to
0. The approximation for using the first two nonzero terms of this series is . Show that this
approximation differs from by less than .
(c) Write the first three nonzero terms and the general term of the Maclaurin series for g'(x).
Part A
1 point is earned for sets up ratio
1 point is earned for computes limit of ratio
1 point is earned for identifies interior of interval of convergence
1 point is earned for considers both endpoints
1 point is earned for analysis and interval of convergence
When x = −1, the series is
When x = 1, the series is
Scoring Guide
0 1 2 3 4 5
1 point is earned for sets up ratio
1 point is earned for computes limit of ratio
1 point is earned for identifies interior of interval of convergence
1 point is earned for considers both endpoints
1 point is earned for analysis and interval of convergence
When x = −1, the series is
When x = 1, the series is
Scoring Guide
Part B
1 point is earned for uses the third term as an error bound
1 point is earned for error bound
0 1 2
1 point is earned for uses the third term as an error bound
1 point is earned for error bound
Part C
1 point is earned for the first three terms
1 point is earned for the general term
0 1 2
1 point is earned for the first three terms
1 point is earned for the general term
Scoring Guide
20. Let f be the function given by .
(a) Find the first four nonzero terms and the general term of the power series for f(x) about x = 0.
(b) Find the interval of convergence of the power series for f(x) about x = 0. Show the analysis that leads to your
conclusion.
(c) Let g be the function given by the sum of the first four nonzero terms of the power series for f(x) about x = 0.
Show that |f(x) − g(x)| < 0.02 for −0.6 ≤ x ≤ 0.6.
Part A
0 1 2 3
The student response earns all of the following points:
Part B
Scoring Guide
The series for
converges for −∞ < u < ∞
So the series for
converges for
and thus, for −∞ < x < ∞
or
So the series for
converges for −∞ < x < ∞
0 1 2 3
The series for
Scoring Guide
converges for −∞ < u < ∞
So the series for
converges for
and thus, for −∞ < x < ∞
or
So the series for
converges for −∞ < x < ∞
Part C
Also,
so terms are decreasing in absolute value
Thus
Scoring Guide
0 1 2 3
Also,
so terms are decreasing in absolute value
Thus
Scoring Guide
21. NO CALCULATOR IS ALLOWED FOR THIS QUESTION.
Show all of your work, even though the question may not explicitly remind you to do so. Clearly label any
functions, graphs, tables, or other objects that you use. Justifications require that you give mathematical reasons,
and that you verify the needed conditions under which relevant theorems, properties, definitions, or tests are
applied. Your work will be scored on the correctness and completeness of your methods as well as your answers.
Answers without supporting work will usually not receive credit.
Unless otherwise specified, answers (numeric or algebraic) need not be simplified. If your answer is given as a
decimal approximation, it should be correct to three places after the decimal point.
Unless otherwise specified, the domain of a function is assumed to be the set of all real numbers for which
is a real number.
The function is defined by the power series for all

real numbers for which the series converges.
(a) Using the ratio test, find the interval of convergence of the power series for . Justify your answer.
(b) Show that . Justify your answer.
(c) Write the first four nonzero terms and the general term for an infinite series that represents .
(d) Use the result from part (c) to find the value of .
Part A
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples to score the response.
A response that includes the substitution error of the form appearing as in setting
up a ratio is eligible for the first 3 points but does not earn the fourth point.
The first point is earned by presenting a correct ratio with or without absolute values.
To earn the second point a response must:
· use the absolute value of the ratio, or resolve the lack of absolute values by concluding (without any errors), and
correctly evaluate the limit of the ratio, including correct limit notation, and
· identify the interior of the interval of convergence. The response can use either interval notation or the compound
inequality ( is insufficient).
The only incorrect interval eligible for the third point is In this case, to earn the third point, the response
needs to evaluate the general term at
Scoring Guide
0 1 2 3 4
The student response accurately includes all four of the criteria below.
Sets up ratio
Identifies interior of interval of convergence
Considers both endpoints
Analysis and interval of convergence
Solution:
for
When the series is
The series is an alternating series whose terms decrease in absolute value to 0. The series converges by the Alternating
Series Test.
When the series is
The series is an alternating series whose terms decrease in absolute value to 0. The series converges by the Alternating
Series Test.
Part B
The first point is earned by correctly using in the second term (listing the second term as part of a polynomial is
insufficient). Using in any term of degree five or higher does not earn this point.
To earn the second point a response must:
· have earned the first point,
· state that the series is alternating and that its terms decrease to zero, and
· present the inequality (or the equivalent).
Scoring Guide
A response that states does not earn the second point.
0 1 2
The student response accurately includes both of the criteria below.
Uses second term

Justification
Solution:
The series for is an alternating series whose terms decrease in absolute value to 0. The first term of the series for
is Using the alternating series error bound, differs from by at most the absolute value of the second
term of the series.
Part C
The first point is earned by presenting the first four nonzero terms in a list or as part of a polynomial or series.
The second point is earned by identifying the general term (either individually or as part of a polynomial or series).
Read “ ” as “ ” as necessary.
0 1 2
First four terms

General term
Solution:
Part D
Scoring Guide
The result from part (c) must be geometric in order to be eligible for this point.
If a response imports an incorrect geometric series from part (c), this point is earned only for a consistent answer.
0 1
The student response accurately includes the criteria below.
Answer
Solution:
is a geometric series with and
Scoring Guide
22. NO CALCULATOR IS ALLOWED FOR THIS QUESTION.
Show all of your work, even though the question may not explicitly remind you to do so. Clearly label any
functions, graphs, tables, or other objects that you use. Justifications require that you give mathematical reasons,
and that you verify the needed conditions under which relevant theorems, properties, definitions, or tests are
applied. Your work will be scored on the correctness and completeness of your methods as well as your answers.
Answers without supporting work will usually not receive credit.
Unless otherwise specified, answers (numeric or algebraic) need not be simplified. If your answer is given as a
decimal approximation, it should be correct to three places after the decimal point.
Unless otherwise specified, the domain of a function is assumed to be the set of all real numbers for which
is a real number.
The function is defined by the power series for all real numbers for which the
series converges.
(a) Find the radius of convergence of the power series for .
(b) Use the first three terms in the power series for to approximate the value of . Use the alternating
series error bound to show that cannot equal .
(c) Let be the function satisfying and . Write the first three nonzero terms and the
general term of the power series for .
(d) For the function defined in part (c), find the value of , or explain why it does not exist.
Part A
The first point is earned for a correct ratio; the limit and absolute value are not required for the first point.
The second point requires appearance of absolute value and use of limit notation. Incorrect mathematical notation such as
use of or in an equation impacts this point.
The third point may be earned with an incorrect limit evaluation provided the limit is nonzero and does not produce a
trivial result for the radius of convergence. A statement such as is incomplete and requires evidence of
“considering” the endpoints to demonstrate evidence of a “radius.”
Select a point value to view scoring criteria, solutions, and/or examples and to score the response.
0 1 2 3
The student response accurately includes all three of the criteria below.
Scoring Guide
sets up ratio
computes limit of ratio
answer
Solution:
Therefore, the radius of convergence is 5.
Part B
Numerical simplification is not required for the first point.
The second point requires the numerical value of the 4th term. The third point requires an explicit connection to the error
bound and indicates clearly that cannot equal
The response is not eligible for either the second point or third point with use of the Lagrange error bound.
0 1 2 3
The student response accurately includes all three of the criteria below.
approximation
uses 4th term as error bound
analysis
Solution:
The first omitted term is
Therefore, the sum of the series is bounded above by
Since it is not possible that
Part C
Scoring Guide
The first point may be earned without algebraic simplification; integration is required. The terms may be in a list or
expressed as a sum. The signs on each term must be accurate. Extra terms or the use of may be ignored.
The second point may be earned without algebraic simplification. The use of sigma notation is acceptable; the index may
be ignored.
0 1 2
first three terms

general term
Solution:
Part D
Numerical simplification is not required. Supporting work is required to earn the point.
0 1
The student response accurately includes a correct value.
Solution:
Scoring Guide
Note: The series is a geometric series with first term and common ratio

Math Unit10 Frqs

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AP CALCULUS BC Scoring Guide

FRQ No. 20 Practice Qs for EOT2

The function f is defined by the power series

for all real numbers x.

1. Show that approximates f(1) with error less than .

1 point is earned for correctly showing error bound <

The student response earns one of the following points:

1 point is earned for correctly showing error bound <

2. Show that y = f(x) is a solution to the differential equation xy' + y = cos x.

FRQ No. 20 Practice Qs for EOT2

The student response earns four of the following points:

FRQ No. 20 Practice Qs for EOT2

Let f be the function given by .

1 point is earned for correctly alternating series bound of

1 point is earned for correctly using x = 0.6

This is an alternating series for each x, since powers of x are even.

Also, so terms are decreasing in absolute value

1 point is used for the correct conclusion

The student response earns three of the following points:

1 point is earned for correctly alternating series bound of

1 point is earned for correctly using x = 0.6

This is an alternating series for each x, since powers of x are even.

FRQ No. 20 Practice Qs for EOT2

Also, so terms are decreasing in absolute value

1 point is used for the correct conclusion

1 point is earned for the correct interval for series

1 point is earned for making the correct connection

1 point is earned for the correct answer

1 point is earned for correctly setting up the ratio

1 point is earned for correctly computing the limit

1 point is earned for the correct answer

So the series for converges for

The student response earns three of the following points:

1 point is earned for the correct interval for series

1 point is earned for making the correct connection

FRQ No. 20 Practice Qs for EOT2

1 point is earned for the correct answer

1 point is earned for correctly setting up the ratio

1 point is earned for correctly computing the limit

1 point is earned for the correct answer

So the series for converges for

1 point is earned for the correct 1st and 2nd terms

1 point is earned for the correct 3rd and 4th terms

1 point is earned for the correct general term

The student response earns three of the following points:

1 point is earned for the correct 1st and 2nd terms

FRQ No. 20 Practice Qs for EOT2

1 point is earned for the correct 3rd and 4th terms

1 point is earned for the correct general term

1 point is earned for correctly answering

1 point is earned for the correct answer

The student response earns two of the following points:

1 point is earned for correctly answering

FRQ No. 20 Practice Qs for EOT2

1 point is earned for the correct answer

1 point is earned for setting up appropriate test

FRQ No. 20 Practice Qs for EOT2

The student response earns three of the following points:

1 point is earned for setting up appropriate test

1 point is earned for first four terms of anti derivative

1 point is earned for general term of antiderivative

1 point is earned for evaluating antiderivative on [0,x] in power series context

The student response earns three of the following points: