1

Marking Scheme Biology Paper 1

Section A [15 marks]

1.D 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.C

9.C 10.D 11.C 12.D 13.D 14.D 15.A

Section B [15 marks]

16. a) 1. the transmembrane protein posses specific receptor for each

molecule / ion
1
2. control the movement of the molecule /ions into/out of cell 1

3. insoluble in lipid //hydrophilic molecules

1
Max : 2
b) i
1. produce in large amount
1
2. pack in vesicle 1

ii Exosytosis 1

iii 1. Vesicle contain insulin move toward the plasma membrane 1

2. The vesicle fuse with the membrane 1

3. The vesicle open and release insulin 1

Total: 8m
17. a) Oxidoreductases 1
b) i 3.4 μM min–1 1
ii 0.15 mM 1
1
½ Vmax // 3.4 / 2 = 1.7 μM min–1

c) 1. bind to, allosteric site / site other than active site 1

2. causes change in (shape of) active site 1
3. substrate cannot bind to enzyme active site 1
4. enzyme-substrate complex cannot form 1

Max : 3m
Total: 7m
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Section C [30 marks]

18 a) i Starch Cellulose
1.The bond links α glucose 1.Links β glucose monomers
monomers 1

2.The monomers linked by α- 2.The monomers linked by β-1,4

1,4 bonds for liner bonds for liner structure 1
structure

3.The glycosidic linkages 3.The glycosidic linkages give

give helical shape straight chain molecule 1
molecule

4.Linked by α-1,6 bonds for 4.No α-1,6 bonds 1

branched structure Max: 3m
ii Starch
1. forming storage polysaccharide 1
2. helical / branched structure 1
3. form compact molecule for space saving 1
4. less soluble in water //do not effect water potential 1
5. the bond can be digested by amylase 1

Cellulose 1
6. Forming structural polysaccharide
7. Cellulose molecule is unbranched, hydrogen-bond with
1
other cellulose molecules forming microfibril
1
8. strong building material
1
9. The bond can be digested by cellulase
Max: 6 m
b) 
1. DNA have two polynucleotides that wind around forming 1
double helix
2. The polynucleotides are arrange in antiparallel /
1
opposite 5’ 3’ direction from each other
3. The sugar-phosphate backbones are on the outside of the
helix 1
4. and the nitrogenous bases are paired in the interior of the
helix 1
5. the two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds
between the paired basses 1
6. the bases paired in specific combination : (A) with (T) and
(C) with (G)
7. (A) can form two hydrogen bond with( T) and (C) can form 1
two hydrogen bond with( G) 1
8. Ten base pairs are present in each full turn of the helix
//each turn constitutes 3.4 nm length //The width of the 1
helix – 2.0 nm Max: 6m
 3

Total: 15m
19 a) 1. Drawing 1
2. Label 3 ( 1 mark for
every three
labels)
b)
1. Two membranes enclose the chloroplast and separate it 1
from the cytosol 1
2. stroma contains RuBp carboxylase enzymes / rubisco
1
3. for, light independent stage / Calvin cycle
4. internal membrane system called thylakoid in stroma for 1
light dependent stage 1
5. thylakoids are flat disclike sacs (filled with fluid ) 1
6. (grana) have large surface area for (maximum) light 1
absorption
7. The thylakoids are arranged in stacks called grana 1
8. thylakoid membrane / grana hold photosynthetic pigments
9. pigments of photosystems are arranged in light harvesting
clusters 1
10. primary pigment / reaction centre / chlorophyll a, 1
surrounded by accessory pigments
11. accessory pigments pass energy to, primary pigment / 1
reaction centre / chlorophyll a
12. different photosystems absorb light at different 1
wavelengths
1
13. grana membranes also hold, ATP synthase / electron
carriers
14. for, photophosphorylation / chemiosmosis 1
Max: 11m

Total: 15m
20 a)
1. Glycolysis is the oxidation of glucose to pyruvate 1
2. Occurs in the cytoplasm of cells 1
3. Does not require oxygen
1
4. First phase energy / ATP investment phase
5. phosphorylation of the sugar 1
6. phosphate group is transferred from ATP to the sugar / 1
/The process uses ATP 1
7. Making the sugar more reactive 1
8. Fructose -1,6-bisphosphate /phosphorylated 6C sugar form 1
9. Lysis of the 6C sugar /Fructose-1,6- bisphosphate split into 1
two 3C molecules /dihydroxyacetone phosphate and
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate(G3P)
10. Second phase – NADH and ATP yielded 1
11. Oxidation of two 3C molecules /G3P 1
12. Two NADH are form 1
13. Substrate-level phosphorylation 1
 4

14. Four ATP molecules are produced 1

Max: 10m

b) 1. cyanide is a non competitive inhibitor 1

2. binds to cytochrome oxidase of electron carrier 1
3. inhibits the action of cytochrome oxidase 1
4. by blocking the transfer of electron to oxygen 1
5. oxygen is not reduce to water 1
6. prevent ATP synthesis 1
7. resulting in the failure of cellular respiration 1
Max: 5m

Total: 15 m

***SKEMA JAWAPAN TAMAT***