English 102

For Medicine Students

Conditionals
Mrs. Eman Al Shmeeri
2019-2020
Lecture 9+10
Agenda:
 Types of Conditionals:
 ZERO CONDITIONAL

 1st CONDITIONAL

 2nd CONDITIONAL

 3rd CONDITIONAL
Types of Conditionals
 There are 4 main types of “if ”
sentences in English, often called
conditional sentences.
 These sentences are in two halves
(clauses):
 the if part (if clause)
 the other part where you can use words
such as can, will, may, might, could
and would (main clause)
ZERO CONDITIONAL
 Is a structure used for talking
about general truths -- things
which always happen under certain
conditions (note that most zero
conditional sentences will mean the
same thing of "when" is used instead of
"if"). The zero conditional is used to talk
about things which are always true --
scientific facts, general truths, and so on.
ZERO CONDITIONAL Con.

if clause main clause

If + Present Present Simple
Simple
If the water boils, it means the food
is nearly ready.
ZERO CONDITIONAL Con.
EX.
 She helps you if you need her.
 If you need her, she helps you.

 Ifthey play well, they win the match.

 They win the match if they play well.
1st CONDITIONAL
 is
a structure used for talking
about possibilities in the present
or in the future. The first
conditional is used to talk about
things which are possible in the
present or the future -- things
which may happen.
1st CONDITIONAL Con.

if clause main clause

If + Present Future Simple,
Simple can, may
If you study hard, you will pass the
test.
1st CONDITIONAL Con.
EX.
 Ifyou ask for help, you will get it.
 You will get help if you ask for it.

 He can bay a new car if he save money.

 If he save money, he can bay a new car.
2nd CONDITIONAL
 is a structure used for talking about unreal
situations in the present or in the future.
The second conditional is used to talk
about things which are unreal (not true
or not possible) in the present or the
future -- things which don't or won't
happen.
2nd CONDITIONAL Con.

if clause main clause

If + Past Simple would, could,
might
If I had a million I would buy a big
dollars, house.
2nd CONDITIONAL Con.
EX.
 She would paint a picture if she could draw.
 If she could draw, she would paint a picture.

 If
we made a party, we could invite Well
Smith.
 we could invite Well Smith If we made a
party.
3rd CONDITIONAL
 isa structure used for talking about
unreal situations in the past.The third
conditional is used to talk about
things which DID NOT HAPPEN in
the past. If your native language does
not have a similar construction, you
may find this a little strange, but it
can be very useful. It is often used to
express criticism or regret.
3rd CONDITIONAL

if clause main clause

If + Past Perfect would/could/might
have + Past
Participle
If I had studied I would have
harder, passed the exam.
3rd CONDITIONAL
EX.
 Ifthey had reached the moon, they would have
taken a photo.
 They would have taken a photo If the had
reached the moon.

 He might have an interview if he had passed the

competition.
 If he had passed the competition, he might have
an interview.
Thank You