Ntrme rrcrl co*Pu f fng It

Cog Lzt?-

Numeri,al Sotutions of Syetem of linean Eqtation-6

-th
e Sol
I o I a, lrh 0r € Syste vn ol e quo tion con be accompliohod
by o numenc&l rne+hod which folb iq ooL of t'r^.ro cotegol"i€g i

r. 0 ;re cl t.l'Ld

r. It erotive MLd

ngo* the direc{ Ne tl,o ds , w o w itf dosc rihe the elirinqlron

Amo
rn ethod by Gouss ae also rfg nodiftcatton and 4he lactoniaatron

nethod ,&nd dgo the rnotril inversion Met-hod

About 'if,e ilerattvo tlOes , we witl describe the j ocobl c,'nd
Gou6s - geidol ms.l-hods .

Not o"bio ng
t rnoLriX ig qh o.rroy 0f rn n e\ementg orronged in rn Fow6
o"nd o Colu mng

A: o.rr atz
0u' I o,.il
I
j

Ornr Om2 ::l

ar.l' is ths i, j sle rnen+ of R

0itQ. ol A is mxn
Ih = rr ig OqU are mot"ix OF ord e r n
 Tt ff: Loril*rn ig Gn m ri n rn otriK tl",.n wg uge 'lb e

lo\\or,oing notqHong.

, ith row o{ A is donoted b1 ein whers

gt - fo
r? i rh pooiLion ei
ti
=

\q
, j th column of A io denoted bY A ni

, ij *t^ elLA is denohed b3 e1t ne.1

of
Tf ff:An tl',en A lg cotted Hs'.nition rnotrix Where;
(n)** . ^ - a'I
LAJ

Mo.tri'6. Tnvsrse Method

Ws conoid er- .ll,e 0yolern o{ n lin sor equotio no in n UnknoLrJDg

Otr 2, * Orz 1, r + -b,

&rn xn

Agr*,'I Oal ils * + orn tn * bz

On 11, .r 09a 2(9 .l - -t Onn2(n ,b,

The o-bovu Sqoherrr ccLn be wr$'[ten io *he rn otrix 0o.^

Apc =b
where

,, o,n -0
A1 C)L
li 0u =
!,1

I ,rr onz 1l [l]b il

brJ
 Let h bs nonoing ulqr 0o thot A-' oxists. Ther, Pre m'.1lt'PlYing
bo$sides ol 0 bS h'', wo obtq"in
-t
A-,R t = Ab
*E
^-t;
Sioce R.R:r ond rz c2t

tf A'is known, 'tl"en lbe SolLltton VgCtor 'rL cGn be found out [."rn
the obov g molrix po\otton

eSr
8'a- { I + 9? = 3
2^/ -gg - 4 = -.3
9( {29 +z = tl-

tn \ ,t A' -- J .-'\
r-3Ll
lr:1\ 7 -r , I

-t
A= .-l g 5
I

t -$
I
T

1 -5 _ ll

**- I -l gj
B l+
lll ? -5 -rl [i]
t
I

[] li l
DL=l 9= z (, Z=-l
 o
Sef-
the m t -ei{q ls col\ed o-n e\ementorY low er trtongu\ar rnot.it
otrif,
rf Me y' 8ru is co\ rrmn v uc [or 0o,ti s ft ss gi " =o fo' jri ond Trrs
dun ohe d b5 Li IM)

ie- E\Ernentor5 \o*et [rtongu\ar- mo.lrix

Li tr.r) = :l - nl.,' rrrhere ef r.r = o lor j ( i

M. 0
o
o
0 J't
Mi+r
Mir r
:

Nh

:th
J Co \urnn 0{ Li t*) Cr-*e{) eJ
ei - s el'e-1

n ej*N if i=j
\
Lej if \+j

L; ( ^r) I 0 o o
o I

_ rD, I
r+l
,0
0 _rn.r+
2,
I

:
0 (vl 0
- n

eg: r,tr) E
(:,
00
lO
0
o
urtnr). 0 Do Li t0. t oo
[ --, Or o
I oo o ID
- rrj to ol
\.u oo I
G -m ll 0l o
0 -mq
il
 GAug$IhN EuturNA-II0N
C [t',^r qrd e\irn tn oH o ')

lV,is ls tl,,e e\emen[or1 e-\err\inotion method ond lI reduces th, e

6gs'\em 0[ etuolEi0ns +D an etu\vo\ent uppet- triongu\or 5 13 e rn trlhtch h

con be 0o\vod bg bocL Subs'lttLltion.

Let \f, s Sgstorn b e

Orr)rr .t 0tzl-t + Ot:fls - b,

Cl2rQ(1 * Qrrlcc.'f Ogs a3 ' bz

0,g1X1 -+ [gzxr * 6ggX3 = bts

ws Iirst Form {-l-,e o-ugrnonted rn qrlriis o F lh e gyste rn

orr Ira &rg br

trrt Qrr OrJ br
ost o", Qrs b3

-\o x, Lhe gecond N€_ mulLrpty fhe lirs{

e\ tmlnohe $ru, 0{uobisr"1 ,
etuolion bg l{ren 6urbstracf i} from llru 6econd equo tion
1'' ohd
&tt
0tm Ilar Iy , tn e limi ncLte x\ .F.0wr .Fhe- .1-6ir.d equation J rrrQ- rnultiply {he
IirsF e{uolrion bJt o,st
_____
an d oubst-roc+ tt [ro.n lhe {hi.d equotron .

0_ rt

&rt CLre Gt-.s

eI Oct

0e,
trru

Lat
0rg

0eg tl
u.rhere orr /arr o-nd oer
/o rr ore cattod Fhe vnul[ip\iors lo" thg ftrot aloqe
oC S limino l-ion
 In |h is Otoge, wo hove ossumod t\",o[ ou * o
'the [irst €tuq'Fton is calle d the pt volct equqtto n o-nd &rr ig eot\ e d
lrh e Frrst Divot,
A+ the end of the f' cet otqge th s oLl grn en+e d motri X b o come$

f o-rr orz &ts

,10
rl
I

o3z
d,, 0rg
t

Gi,L
--l
o o'r* [c3

Vohsre ol, , c.lr, o'", . o'r. , Ui, U', ars q-ll ehonged e\Ements
l[ipliev is { o'l.,
o;, is .ths n ew pivo{ ond the mu
&'r,

At tho end oN lho Se.co od glcqe t^rs hova l-l,re uppe Y- lrtongu\or- Slstern

ott 0tz &." br

0 d'r, o',1 d,
L 0 o a!" b:
lro* *[ieh {-hc vo,lues oP x ,, ?,o c(nd or3 coh be obloinod bg bock
Sub.etiIution,

NobO tr

'the method \,Jt\\ fe.it r,P ooe 0{ +he e\ementq orr, eroe 0y oJ" Vanrshes
In Such o Ccrge , the method COn be modiProd bg reorr6vlglog . 'lhe roru$.
3o l1^,o,1 .fho pivo't is o0o LLY1. Thts prgcedurg is co\led portiol piv6+r6g
lF [htg is irnposs(blo {hon lrhe rnotrix is 0ingu\or o-nd the etuo+iooi hqvo
ho Solutions,

fJuc k Subgtitu tion

qs -_ or,
lor_,

'thig resulL con hp bock Substituted in{o the rnd e[uotie6 lo

Solug
$0" %.e. Thig procedure, urhieh is repeo'led to evaluqlg lhg rernotnrng a)s
Cqn bs representod by the f'otlotn,iog frrmulo
oti " a,tt-''- $r*,out'dr.i |o" i: I\-trv\-?
"6;;TT--T)-
 ex: 2tt +U ++ =\0
oa- + n! +39 =lt
a' + qu +q" =16

f 2 r r

-slz
l. \z g
q
rl
-tlz Lr
ll

1r 'b.
"ls
sl,
t lz :l
I

nl,

Ll '': -L :J
7c- tg + a - l0 o
l.g +9? * I @
2>
-Z? = -10
lrorv', .qr @ -@
7 =5
b9 Subotttu{-ing h nq'@
Ig
92
+ 9- 15 ' I

I - -q

f,ro,n th o ut' O
&t-- I +o s 14

2X = tL?
,t =f

,t-:* , g = -9 1L =S
 0gn,rdo cod e oP Grouseton g\imin q[to n ( fioc\'u.lord 0'lbqtlf qhion

fururo.d s\(minohio n

n etuotlons
Os1 2t1 l O,lal4 4016e(q 'b'
%rfl, * Oonl'*- t Qs6 .ln =b,
t
I

i,
Gr11?ts + trnla!+ *- - + Onn?(n 'b4

.tifst stoge

Otrxr * Q1a itz t otgas + -- + o,nan = b,

+ olrxr+ qJra-, +- - +olnzn ' b',

+ o'gsDCg +- + o"lnl" = b]'

oa' zxtti

o.j, 1t"+ ol,g z" { -- + 0,1, e( n - b'r,

Bf l,e r C n-,) glage , becous e here- wo hove n etuatro ns

Orr9tr + Artr,-* 0rg*s + - - * &rndn =b,

l-fl
Oje l, + Or'3 rtg't - + x6 ^ b'2
Onn
llllt
* dggg(s+ .+ Osng(n =b'

cn-, 1 ( n-r)
+ Onnan " Dh

0ock gubstitution
?(n = bncn-r)

cL'nG-')

,,-,1 a,; r-D,.j

,ri . ,b; j: i1r {
o;i ci-D
 Oo [=r r lt-t
Oo \= k+lr h

{o,c\0. - oir. /or.rr

$o i= k lo h
oij = qlj - ft.chor+ukj
End $o
bi.= b; -foctor.br
End $o.
End $o

n6 = bn lqnn
$o i=o-t r\r-l
$urn . O
$o i E i+r rh
Sun '9uvn+ Oii t ,(j
End go
ri = Cu,_sur) /o,i
End $o

Sivtoion bq ?ero
'The pr{rnarg rgo_son lhot lhe f6rggoing lechnigue rs catled , nolire'
,rS ttrot d,rring both Lho elirnrnotro n ond l-ho bocli gubsti{-u}ro n phossr t+

\3 D0
t I ib te ttrr ol a diu toto n bg te ro coD gcCu r ,

2*1+ 3xo =t 9t1+2fr-etUg t\xq - \3

Qtr+ 6fl24TXg'-3 2lLrt\{3 + 3*9 '28
2xrlgLr +69tgs5 \xr +2it-Ltg9(st?qc20
- q ot r t flr + SrLs +2ryq = 6

T\e normoJirotton 0e Fhe F,rst rot^t wou\d iovo\ve drvtoton bg err^0,

Pcobte-rns olso cqn n o co ef Cicienl is uer\ C\ose Fo zer-o,
o,rris u r,uhe

fie lechnr"que 0P ptvohng h"s boe-n deve\opocl l, p orrio-tt1 o'vot:d thosO

pcrbLsnS'
 Ill Condih{ongd 6rlohem$

The od eLuocy o0 the Qo\ubroo depends 0o the Condlt{0o Syohom

we\\ eond lttoned S13tom :

wo\\ Condibtoned Slsterns Grs Srl5turn of equotion ulhere q -Bmo\\

Chonge in one 0r moro 0e thc coeFficronls resulbs rn o 6Fnilor
8rn o\\ changu {n th e 0olqho n ,

l\\ Condrtioned Oqst-em.,

lll nod gr|stoln o.l.c lhe glstern 0f eguatio o s rrohq-rs
condthio
6rn ol\ ehonges in CoeFf ictenl-s resutts tn lqrQ e Chonges lo the

3o\qtton.
hn ou\terylqhivs interpreFotton oF ltl -eondrtioning l.s t$,ot &
\Nldu ron ge- 0e oniurt rs coh appro x;16q{oly gotis ly I'he equolions,
LuS mund oPe e"ror)

eg&
3o\ue th a 8o\\o wrog Syshorn

X1tt%a rlo
i'f?<1* Zxe = to'Lt

6olutro n

O,t ?tt 'O't{

9C1 .= 4 *9 -3

The Slight- chon $ e oP .the co ee'Ftcte n't dr r fron, I. l .to l'05 |h e

resu t[ ehonged drc"n o-tlco-l\1 +o

*1 +QY2-:tO
t.0.5'2tr *?x-L - to'\

0.0-Ex1 - 0.\
9tt s B *!.1
 6u b,s h+ube th u nos ulbs ln l-o .l-h e orrgr n ol eguot ro n s wo uld clc"t
{-t-' e- pnob\em

t
+ eCr) ^ro
r,rCt) .t pCr) - tt't ! to.\

ldenlr\ \h o r[ eo ndil-ion systern

O1s?tt t Otl c(r =bt
orrltr +Qel 9tl 'b,

$cv c\op lhe \in e_ oluol-to ns

,X9 = 0u Dr1 + jL
or r 0rz

*L . Qsl 1l + br
0r a ael-

SloP u ore n eorly etuol

,Qtr * 5L
0 rz &gn

&rr crrc * e11 cr11

Ort Qrq Otz Oot * o

Egr
39(r tLltt =tt b) ?r1 +LqLe =ro
")
--9t1 +LtLl =2 l,\9r1 .t e-*o -_r-o.tt
.!- tLD .oCt.tJ =-o^z
3= gtr)-e[-rJ^r
il\ Cgndltionad $ysl-ern 13 wrqlbiplied S\ lo
l0 *1 q20et-g e 100

tl zat + ?o*Y ' tov

$ - roCeo] -notrtJ= -20

 Pttro+lng

The e\ernent 00 Fhe mojor drc.gono[ ts coitod pivof elgmen].

"the

e\trnrnation Procedure desc.ibod go fo. fails ivurnedtototl rF $e

ftrst prtol g\etrrent Gn tS Sero. 'i\a procedure clso foits i{ onY
gubEeXuen+ ptv0F etgrnon+ O,,i fs qero fven l-houqh l-here- ,ol
he \0vr turog 0q fhe rnaJo. s[iagonal ln t{re- 6r.rqinol rrrolril.,
ti,e g\lminq!i on Process *rY Creote teroc on 'the Ynaj0t diogono\
Tho gtmpto etirnination Dr0cedure described 3o Fqt muSl-bgho4ifrcc{
lo avotd" L.,Ybs 0n $'e rno'J0r diagono\''[t''is resul[ con be
o-cc0rnpltohed bJ heQrro.ngi., g t-l"u eluatioos, by toterchanqt'-' g
€tuq[roog t.n*g) Or vertubfes f cotumns), btfo.s eOch eti'n;natton
Sfop to pu+ the etehant o'P lqrge magniluol p' on Fhe dtaSonal"
thig proc e ss [3 calto d p ivo ting '
Jnferchonging bofh r0uJ o-nd ColqTen3 is callad tull pivoting
3,tnr'changrng 0nlJ r0N-e i9 eaIed porLto-l pduoting

Pivotiog eli.ninotei geros ln lhe pivol elemenl local;0.,9

d urrn 9 t|, u eltrt'tinatto n Prgc e'5J
o-nd also reduces roqnd - olf
eYrors ,

I r il [il ;]
-[' illil E]
qt

, *) e['
[
i,..," \1,
] [
o +ly
og- ':,\ il i' :;'\il
?t1Er ",r F L gt-grl

Seoltq q
Acluol r flr -l
f-'n z
j(-L = |

I, eag .- - |

] f';*l
-s

Lr ,

'tlL;j 2a3 : O.99,1 ag ro,1e\ get . - o.gLtL|

0eoling
q u{ftrF\ ro m t0 im i } i qg ro und o F'P erro rs fo, th ose Co ses
"t\nis ts
Dheru Somp 0.f h e e[uot-to ns tn q gYShem l"ovu vrruch lo.g e u-
Lo e'[$tctsn+s ]hon o.lhers Tho urrde\1 dtP0onrng unihs can \Eod fu
CoeFlici o.ntg 0 f wldely diFfortng mogb;hqdes. '[h;s iS ofFocting tho
ptv o{ing

Egr
2X r t t6o 000 *e o TOOOO
9tt + ?.-a < L

{0.^ ard tng

?ut + l0 o ooo 1t, s to o ooo
-5o ooogtr - -5g ooo
7'2el
9t1 - O

L2 io correc'[ 9[1 ig l0o'I, ln grroh

A pp \\ th o
slqlrn!
0. 00OoQ ott 4o(o s I

0(1't'Otp F 2

{o.ruordtag aod p;volinE

2t1 * *t s 2
O. OO OO2g(t t DC4 s I

+ 9t1tae - 9-

*9 ' I'oo
tX1 - 9- g-l

$;roctly &p0ly .thu pr$oting

9t1+9t9 =Q. + a1 **t t z
29lr.troDooo2(s t0oooo loo oooe(L =looooa
ett = I {, ?{2;l
 Pseud.ocof,e ho imptement porhto\ pivoFing

0 ='1<
big= lor.r,\
So h = k+r r h

dummy = lo.,rl
1+ C durry , U,g )
b,g = dumm y
P=h
End tl
End go

IP I o +p)
$o 3.krI
durrl - Qp ,s
CLprS . &k,s
&krs e dumm,y

End $o
duvnmy 'bp
bp = bu
bf. , drrmrny
End r+
 L U fac'ForlgaHon

hAu-tAia, elt^inofrJ,re.tutreso.tioE to ovoid div ision bg 1er0 . The Followi.,g

piv
metho d tott\ 0mi.[ piv o\ing q.nd it i€ Um;ho d ho o0 et o f
lhre u
Stwru\toneous eqtrottons , Those resqlbs C&n b e direcl ly exlend e d lo
n * dimenstono.l Glsterns

Lnftxj-tuJ,o
Tu'e obove orlotern Could b e er pressod o s on Upper triong,rlor- 6lsfOrn

Urr Urz Ug3

L;l Ltrl
0
Uon Uo-s
o o Us3

'\t,is ts 0imi\qy \-o l_he Yhqnipulotiorr f-l,raF occurs ln lho- firsl- step
0e gougs e\irninat-ion, ff., e- rnot-n i ! h o.l-oti o o lo . &bov e syOlom
Ir d sO

Nornr &55Um e \-haf l-h Q,. e is o lot^.,er .triongulor vnaFri I wtt{r t'3
on the diagonc,-l

L.

[l ],^ 1]

Lt ua' *dl A1 * b-

1t thiq eLuot-fon l,o\ds, tl- [o[o*s Lo.o fho rulor Bo. t-he yn o{ rtx
m u \bip liectlion tho..l-

LU "e a-nd L{ , b
 LU Fqclori+qHoo 6Feps

i, t\ \o
$o.c.to.ed Or decornpo0od ln to lou-r sr L and u0pet- u l-rfongulov
mqtrices

2. S,rbstitutlon $top I L ohd U arQ ussd to deterrnin e 9o\utio n

2L Fo" o, rrght - hqnd sido b

this sto p itEeW conslsts oS {wo glopj

A. Forwqrd 0ubo[i|q;i65
q, 0ock Substth.llion.

Gouss e\imtnc[t o n Cqn be used [o decorrposa .A into L o-nd U.

'lh' 3 qon bo e05{tr1 Gusn eo. u . , rr.rhich Is & direct pro d uct 0l ,Lhe
fo t ,rl qr6 glirnino'tion,

u = I-n,, drr
lu
I
Lo
^r*,
0 rl
whf c h, U t4 lh e dosiro,d uPp.r tric-rogulor- Fsr-at,

the motrty L te also p.o d uced dur6g th o s[op

'lbtg eon b roodily t[ugtrq-tod 8o'
o cr throe - e-{ua*so n €.yele rn

0-rt

lI T] Ll]
Qat

ogt LL]

lLs firo'l- €foP I n Gouss uLrmrno.Fton ro fo mu\ti pry ft\,u r Qg fhe

fo-ctor
8r,
3s-
0.,r
Ond 0qbf\rocl t!,e ru6utt- From Fhs $econd tunr fo s\frnt'n afu eet
$trni[ cr.rl1 , l^o w t is rnu ltiplio d bJ
[u, = .ost
0_ rr

ond ths lt gub'lractod |ro* lhe 'llri'd row to eltrn in ol p

resu Qet
Thu Ftno-\ sto P is rro rn q \t {P\1 [h o vnodtfied gucond roN by
J'92 . OL,

",*

ond g trbtrqc"l- tho re-sult fr" rn the lh i16 ro t,u to e\t116 o1 n ee u

hfteu I sF s\t'.niootron

Grt Qrl 0u o,,l

U'. o t.r r r {-' o a

I
tDl
Oer Qr, 0q-q a
o\, tl, \ to
l''' oo
O.sr Oer O,sr
c,3t
o!, oL-I ['r

[[te" end g\rrnt6s\ton

Qtr Qte
u.I 0rr
0
Qre o,sl
o!" I
L. I I o,
:l
Qpr

lil a'o,
Q pr
I F,,
ogr Qer {,L Oo
''*J [,c.'
'(r, t
-]

urh e re --> Lt U

f\SLU

ft f F et alrit i3 decompose d ,-& goLutto0 Can be qeneraled 80"

rvr ct

0ortic ulor- rtght hund veefo. !

f;rst , o lorwo.d s ubstltuFto r\ 3Fa-p s er ecLrl-a-d by $6\utng

L{ =b- so

dr =
'bi
* i -t
E lr1bl lo. l. 1,2,*..-rn
J.l
 Thg 6erond ol--e-p Is boctt cubstrtuf(on |o oo\ve-

Ug d

,){
| = dn
Urn

L\ s di e U;i xi F.' i= 0-trl*?, -.--rl

J" i+l

uii

egb

-o.l -o.2
T -o.3
[.1 -0. to

=,
I 0 o l- s
I
-o'l -o. 2
LL o U- Io +.oosi - o.2133

l
o . o s.?-1 I

o. tOoo -0.o9?L? L' o lo.ot2

e d
Llil;i
H )l- =

Ltrr.,,]
B,rb $ocompose [a,n)
-00 k =l , n-l
$o i ' k+t,n
$ocho,_ ' Qii'/arr'
Gtr - Factor
$o j = k+rrh
d,j s 0ij 'focto' x o*j
End$o
End $o
En.l $o

Ed $ecor4pose

3ub SrrbstituFe forn, b,, )

'fo,^ qro[ Bubstitul-ioo
9o i* !rrL
Sum -b i

Fop. )=, , i-,

$tlm, gurn-e,3
^bj
End $o
b; .our)
End $o

b o.et oube{f } ulton

Ln,b,fann
Oo i,n-I ,tr-l
8t(n4 s O
0o j s i+t,rr
8Um =Surr+Atjrt,
E rrrs -$o

lri = tu; --r*1) /ou

Er.d oo
trr(d subshifql-e ,
 Chotee k1 Foctont 1q+ton

fr 9qm m e \-rt' c $ah6 1 0ne u.therg O,j = 0jr to' iandi

In othoru:ord3 A = Ar :,t

o c\ro lesk
'[h r1
Focto.tqq{io 0 ii boged 00 ib e fa ct lhal- o 9,i Dmgtrr,

lnotrlr co-h be C0rnpoSed.

A = UTu

qt is
Th . . Fob u ttrng lrrangular. Faclo's ore the tronspose of aoch
0tfr u.
Th e- [o ctorLhatr on eo.n b"o- qenero[od gTPrcie n*ly b y Fecurrg6l.
r0lotion s

lor $e ;th roru

Ult oi. -
E
i. "1,
u'j i- t
0i q Ur.i. Ulj fo' J,i'+tr--*Jn
ksl

Uii

hf l-er obtatning fo.cl-ori+q1-r.on , lt cdn bu USed to delerrn,oe A

'- q rtgh l- hc.n 4 '-6ld e ve-cto b- rh tr f}to-rrfl € r glrnitar
0o\uhc n Pn
r .lo

LU

8-g 1
uTU.z Eb
.[; f6 53 I U,d _b
55 ass I
Ut_ -d
ae9 , -,
L'. _,1
 Ut, E f,", { JT = e,eqq.+q
Urt 0tr U s 5,1p3 T2t{
Urr 2'q\qq9

" 55 € 2?.\35 66
U.s " 9,,
u,t , ' q\q'{ I

i. c
tl , tBg3
L\ zo

opg = Ors UtrUtg 22S- 6.t23+e\ LgP-+s"a) =/o.qr6i

Uzz \. t8g-3

i.3
Uss , J- nr, - u.3 - ,rri = .[** - Cct.qis66f-bo.9t6i-J"' 6' ltolor

TJ: q+q 6.1 23 +2 Ll 2n.\sse e e-- 2t,o26e66

gS o se I
4. I 933 20. qt65

r-. 6. ltotol G .ltl:7

b=

[*]
 P.qe udo co d e [ot choleeuy's Pocl o ni ao.lt o rr

$o k't,h
$o i = l_rlt-l
Sum.o
$o j.,, i-r
9um . guro * AiJ - A*j
tn tl $o
oka = Cqki su,,) / aii
End $o
8u_rn <o
0o J:trk-l
9qm * 3urD + a'r.rJ
End $o
Qk x r -3uro
Fnd 3o

35 l-6
15 lg
:5 '0 1]lil L{l
',
L: 1
d I 0-6'l
.,,,\
go\ )

% - f*rot- .
r *rrrl
-rro ooo, I
f
l-ro, , ,rr" )