Date

3hal'",i'n

t"rt r c-rood nlsfDs o,d Co I xle

n ct\(
Crrn n
af
fa.^
Qh OT ko.s thn-

Ben {en e t ChxornoDhote -F AurO CI"xoroq

nSen(. 6Qavtr
tnrOrnO o hox her.,ic thcf
Co\oY - 'rti rnLi^"* ion
ColoveJ Co-rn b,^'t- not- a ta,
Ckr ho rg + ft,-t* o Lhro.n e C hernYc ff,rt
ve-vS th
u
lofltSo.h
D - lo

Chrorooqe-o i it to en obl
crnd bi',Js to *bers n tiss"es. Thi l_( .r

.qie Cotor less Solven

Ar0 )-^

--) f.f js a ehroroosee. ye\lo,,r io Colo.y,

uou
T'f i oitro
beaalc-ne
Tescher's Signofure :
 ^.]l
\

*or:/1- fuo)-
'-orflt
N)A ruo-
\9+
P o2-
OH -------) \-l
I

Aurrochro -e tu,-
'Jri nil-ro \
-1"6i oilt o L Jtr',r.y
,1 Le''r lenne
ben \en€
( Pic'ic aciJ)
Yetlo ur stain
sto3^ l",os *he o.bit;q *o binJ to n^acyomoleCulat'
6gllqloY cornponents S uch aS rneyntvaneS, p Xotei,,S , t..t*(leic ociJs
on the e-lecf<ic.rl charg e .& .nnd o n Fh e-
J e-geodi-6
Chromo 3en po*tion sS oetl aS En lhu Cel\u\ot' Covo pon ey,f-s
.+o be" stoi.,eJ.

BaseJ on {he io"ic charXe, ff" StairrS avq classi+"ed i.,lo .ll,e
t
4o\\o,oi^X
r AciJ ie stains ',n (-onioni c Shains) T[u J a{e n .ta{1u.1,
charXeA a.,J hos a\Si"i"t6 {o"rards posi+ivet6
e!.axXed cet\ u\ax co-?onents ,
ior,iloti on
Picric ecid f eicri.l- + Lr+3+''
BaBic 1ha,rn:1:- Cc.bionlc stai,,rs) T"X are posi+ive\
c-horXeA anl has o{\i"ilg 'to.ro.rJg .neXotive\1
chorXeJ Ce\[,rtav covn por'r er,f 5.

f, ul" * lstJ
c.,*)lEf,oJO-r,.*o,.fs
rne\t1\ene B\*e
 Date

Expt. No. Page No.- -CD

-Tx pes oP gto",",ioq

\,
Tethniqpe s i-
Stoin?n5 Tech"ri?.rce

Si.nple Di.$fexen h'o. I

1si'n3te' 5ltain) (u se o$ tu:o 4snfxas{ri.,rj
I
l,
Stains)
Neqqtive
Posi*ivp
sto"1'n!^6
+
Sha.ini^N
tpor f,roup'in$
{Ylicrobes a{e frricrobes ar€ I
Slo.ined (olor\e s S
I
l-

-r- J
t<p'\ -E^* vistrati3otiun oP 6'x*tt"s shair,i^q AGJ-8'st
9'larnrrtf
movp[otofl: o-d 4a56r,rfer.,.€ntS I t-
Gro"psA i"|o .Gvo,,upJ
inlu
6rqrn positive A AciJ-8"st Po$ihv<
G"an6 oe,3oHue f, AqJ-%s+ Pcic-Hrra

.1,
-l
-|or v"s..^o\i1alion, sP Sgeti..i
StaucFuves
+ Ftane\\ar StaininX
j caPs,r,le
1 Spore .,

Lj ouctelc o(d ,t

Teocher's Signofure :
 Sjrnp le -1"1"?"fl i -

-1 PrinciP I e i :i
si,npre s+oin:.^6 o n 16 uCIe stein is qs sd +o
sSd,n the rnicxoorgonisrn S , -Hu"" L-o.sic starns ?are used
t^lLick have- posi.live. c karge , urt e.cea-s Fhe t acter,o.l rn
e-bro.
hare ne-b n"tative_ charge. .-T(e tasic s.laj"rs ["ave a[hinit6
*or.,caxAs tt^e bacla'de a^J t|,.^s fluy a{e slai',.eJ.

+ Akkio"rfd,
fg*c.ttri"] t fe^so sl,*i,^]
Bocberio._sl"i,i;

!-X' uh stcrlns usEJ ', tne\lene bL.e, cr1sh4[viotel-, Caw[p\.$rrchsia

Qk.
sirnple s'hainirg i" cr.\s o ca\\ed a.s positi"e staini,t6 ,

S'r"op\e staininn is done nroi",l[ to obserre ttne- rnofpkotogi6*l

eharadevs oE *he- bac'teria.

-4 ProrpJtrtre- i-. A neo,k e.nd clean X\oss slide '1S f.rVen .

. A loo?8"t - o.} bac[eriG.\ C'*\'t6re is *aren i', l-lne mi AAte o 8-

the s\iJe asegtica[I1

Jhe b^ctp.rio.t eulture i * sg real on lle s\iAe i", tlre *ur,n
o.? Srn eofu,
Sroecx is alr - dried ,

Srneay is *he.o.t-$i,ted
il 3enbt6 over. l-lne -Plq-e.
" b5 gassinS

$,en the Smeo;6 is *too Aed '^ri tL, tosic g\-oin f'..,ov c\
so5\i cienb ti me perioJ ,

9.3i cx,lstal vialet {ox one wri""ts .

. Jf,en g*(r Ss o+ Sio",n 'is wttsLeA hntet Xe''hle t \o- oF o,ahev

d.rqs.
-TEe- P{ePa/qtion i* qiy-[.r,lA,
. OtSe.rUg il- utde-{ rni..rosc.pPQ , .,

. Co\oreJ bocteriol ce\\s ' a{e- otsevveA un der/ bviX ht-

bo"t^3"o*. J '
I
Date

Expt. No. Page No. @

* &v o.to's S$aini.".1 i -

a

Pvincip\e. i - Gyo'rnts s{a.ini,nq is a. J ?hk"re"t ot sftrlni,te. t..

u
tohich the tacteria. Cqn b; qroupeJ as Gra- oosi*,l,rn
onA Grarn neqa*'ue. lle$€ fou< Yeo.q e",ts qxe used ln
Seq,uevtC€ . theq nye 1 Pxirnatrv .ql-ri"' * Lt^.-r<}_,.l vr'"let-
v U
rnorAonL 6-rarn'-s l[oJi','
Derotoxlsor,r. q aqpvtlr * Atc.rL.l
Uv
SecurrJar.a g[oiua SaLFro,ai,^
:il^ tt^e -Firsk sbe-p t e. prlmaYr stein .,\\ [Le toct tio\ ce\s
i xres bEe"birrc- o P $lrrarn's nafuve {orrc uo tl,.e sboin .

SecnrrJ Shap is
nnorJo..t, r^rhlch fncfea.S<s ,tt c inte;^Si{: og SFai,a
bX 4,rrtoi"7, c<1s{o.\ viotcb- Codi^e ( cv-f) currrrpte{.

BX decolorid,t? ste+ l.q, qtcotiol rpastn , di55"ru,,,{i..tion o*- cetls

occu{5 *

Ia Grq,yn neqqtive b^cteriq . 'He Cett t0^\t is thiO o'rd is

oP turo lo:{.<s . o.,ttev toquy is of \ioiA bl-\qve{ anA innef,
[a.{e{ is tl^?n oaotiJoqtvra,a lav..r. AlCohol he-re nrts aS
tioiJ So\vent and ""*orn. o\\ tL,e \ioiAs Jrro.r, Gvorn -
t0ercative [,a.cherto... fie Cstl t^ro.tl Le-crrres rinrnir(, CV:T..
Oarno\et €ro"o fhe Cetls. covne<. a"rJ aye tcs.s lneJ augaq
r.rr,T
\,
ut the ee.tt< (axe eotot\esS
No o.nJ 'la\<e e Lln lLp (rrcrvrl .r<,
v
S[o.i. i..e. go{kuantn o.J .aoo@dy " PoJ '' i'. C.olox.

T," Grorn oosl\ive bocte'r,or . ti.e cetl wc^tl is ht^ick a^nA

is ok Snq\p ta,.@.r.
u\rr-l
1b cont*ins xi.L DootiJno ,-rn^ t,r^-,pnr -

A\cohol here- ,acls q.s Aeh*Jro.ti,nq oient onJ dernov€-q

t*., 'lt^r*
m ois*qre S.co..l tl.'p 'ce.\\ tre,tl . tt, ce,\ioall Lecornu
(, " ti6ht.
Teocher's Signofure:
 c
So, G.xorn poSi.tirre fet.#roS CV- 1. Compt<rt- Noto the bacberi

Aoes nob 'tct\<er up {he secor'Jar6 S\cr'i'n i-e' $a$$ran]n'

G.ro"n p osittve bo.chsrio. a|gecrs 'b\,^e { cotoY ,

'+ PtoceAu'(e 'i* , A neat ond c\ean Xtass stide is *.rKen .

" A too p|.rl oB bacteti".l C^^l'trxe i s ta\<en in the vniJ d\e oS
the s\iJe aseptica\l[.
, -I[1e b"c{erial Cirtture is sgrec'.d on Ftne s\iJe in tt^e *or,rr
o.} Srneet .

. SroecY is ai<-drieJ,
. Svtrea:r is t'l"eat - Sixea " bU gassi",6 it fienhl5 asv(r ttte -glqme"
. TEen 'the- SmeaY \s 4 tooded ,ri th ptirnavl shain I e. cv.l sto[
Vlo\ef -Bot ooe "nin*.\e,
T6e etcess oP stain is ,^rqs hed unJer gentte f,toto o"P wafer
dvops.
. .f6qn 4qe . Srnea{ is tteoteJ toi th ?odthe mo-rd^rrt .

, -[6en it is Xeofrl6
t^r
Y ashed &'}i tt' u-r ate *

.'\Tre", Fhe smea^( iS decotottseJ t^:ith a\Cohol i'e' olCoho{.

dtoys ate gasseJ ovst' [he Srneq{,

-TEen ',b
is 3entl6 t^,,ashed {^:i tr; trlate(
' ,

. Tfien ttne srneav is trre.rteJ t^:i lh €econd*U staln i.e.

Sa$$ranin .

Tfien it is XeottS ur asheA uith r,jatev.

Finc\t1 the ftepa'rcitiuo is o"-e - d-ried.

0

obgerve '!t e g-cepoxotiorr un{e"r mic"ro s(op.

G',r^rn f osrtrve celJs - affea{

q
b\tre cotbv
ra

Gxqrn Ne-Xo$iva ce\\s : oPPe*

tqJ co\od '
uote q- Sorne{irnes ?H, ate and vlabititS oB '!he cetls e.|gect- |he

z<'
 Date

Expt. No. Page No @

)l( AciJ-4ast gtaioinq

v
i- (ziet^l- t!ee\se, rn.tliod)

I Ptincip-lg i- AciJ- 8o.st s"toininq

\,
is o. Ji8"8e"..,t;o.[ s]oininq
t r t^rf,ich tt'e bo.c\erio. Cqn be 9'6o\ oed q.g Acid- 4^st gosr*rr e-
anA Non - ActJ &st bacleriq ' fie{e three i(cq?t'nts qte- u'sed in
Sc-q,\en(e. , Thq.v qf a I Pr?mary sto.en * Car bo I €{.hsin
Ssco\otisinq qe€oF Acid- A\cohot f 3 {,+15'l
SecooAarV sto.in fDelh.flene blue
Ertorople &r Aci.l-.fast bactexi^ is hhe qenrrs "rr)ucntacterirrrn
ft {ich "fl1.{c"lic qciJs " ',n t}'e Cetl trail , 3o it- is
Coo'foinS
r/et1 Ai88ic*\t *s stoirr. t?lese Ce-t\S qnd on€e it- is staioe.l
i+ doas not xqdAilX Je-eolorlsed even b;1 ocid -alcoho I

lfiq1" \isiA Conheot Yesist tt,e de co\ori 3 qt;o n ,

T-n t|.,p firsF she,p i.e. covloo\ Sochgin att [t e b"cteri^l
-Ce \ts *o.[e \rD *he st-c.irl ,
R*r Aeco[o.risinq steD i-", Acf A - o.\cotnot t^ro.sh Jikhere"ti*tio
'o.[ CeUe o cCu,<s,
An vnr{cohnc}eri,rrn Je.colori6inq Joe.s not {afe plocp
o.nA l[.e u xztain ttle ori'oar.{ shain i.e, cosyL,ol -Buchsi",.
U
uhere ag rrjoy.,rnol Ce-tt3 teoAilq Ioose t?. e Drtrr rDq,try Starn @io

anJ tetme Co\ovtesg , The-r 4otle qo the Se(orrc{nrq S l-.i;

i,e. rnetL.lernp btr.e anA
u
aoorrn{ t\"s in Glo*.

+ P'fo(edure .' . A nent- orrd clean q\o,ss sl'iJo .is -lakpna .

. boctexiol culture is -lla.ren in fl'e rnidJte o.P {he stiJe
oseof ico\l.r
, T["e ta.lexio.\ c,^tlAr" is sOreoJ on P'e slide in lhe
Sv- o$ Srneat',
. SYnqcx
I
l.q oiv- d.cieJ

Teocher's Signoture:
 r Srneo.d i s "heot - ['i"reJ ' tU passir'6 it- !ent\ oveY thq flq"n e

, Then the is $l."JeJ t'rith prirncry shrio i-e.co*bol f.^r6in

syneor
ttere- the- stiJe is s..bjecleJ *o steorning bJ ptocinS q Smqll
-{o*cl o.f -Rt[+ur pa.pe-{ on the Btide,
+ H,is o.tt tt,e ce lis
i"ct"Ji"g nutubucteriuro
a- hxes up !be- sldn,
0
, JEe €r-cees oP s*ain is \eynoved td $antte tr as hf^A *i lh
urater drogS. t

" Then tl,tc. 9voqq-( i s JecotrriseJ ut th crcid- atCoho ( to"shing '

. it is wasLeJ t^:ith uolq .

T[,e^,' . L

. TKer,, iF is Coun"\ersho'tneA oi lh'rn<Uile,ne bt^e,

. 'Ihe* i* is was[ed toiltn t*'o*et '

, Fi'na\6 i+ is ar*- {tiqd '
' A{ i s olcSeru.d ut.'Ae< vnictos(oP(,
A(J - 8*sf colrl s- ?.eJ co t"r
Ns'n- *cid-9*st ce-\\S - Bru^e GLv '

Pote i- - OlXo"ie Sot,rents t',t<e chloro&r,n tsilh a $'noll arrroqn l

oS \\c\ '$ $,e ad A - f-sl gtogev$
emoves .

. fth^{ treot<J, *, 1or) Jis?"*e3".oh'on oP Aett toa\l tri*3s

0
o\"o,rt- \oss o$ o'ei d - $"tt- St"Jvri^3 ' '