Software Engineering

CS20006

Lecture 3

Requirement Analysis : Case Studies

 Definition of a System
System?
=

Input P rocessor O utput

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 2

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 What is Software System?
• A software system is a combination of
– Hardware
– Software
– Telecommunication networks (Internet)

• Which people build and use to

– Collect
– Create
– Distribute data

• Typically in
– Organizational setting

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 3

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Components of a Software System

Data User

Software System

Hardware Telecommunication

Software

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 4

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Example of Software Systems

• 5 Examples?

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 5

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Example of Software Systems
• Library Information System
• Course Management System
• Enterprise Resource Planning
• On-line Business Transaction (e-Commerce)
• Microsoft Office
• www.iitkgp.ernet.in
• MatLab

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 6

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Example of Software Systems
Case Study

Library Information System

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 7
Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Components of a Software System

Data User
?
Software System

Hardware Telecommunication

Software

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 8

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
Case Study: Library Information System
• Problem Description

– Users point of view:

• Three types of users are there
– Borrowers (perform transactions with the system)

– Library Management Personnel (who responsible for providing

service, maintenance, administration, ... etc.). Further they can be
divided into two types
» Library Assistants (support to the Borrowers for their transactions )
» Library Managers (responsible for overall maintenance and management
of the library)

– Suppliers (who supply books, response to quotations etc.)

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 9

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
Case Study: Library Information System
• Problem Description
– Functional point of view:
• Privileged services for the Borrowers
– Get registration
– Membership renew
– Search book
– Renew book
– Reserve book
• Privileged services for the Library Assistants
– Issue and renew book to a borrower
– Return a book by a borrower
– Validate new registration
– Validate renew of membership
– Delete a membership

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 10

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
Case Study: Library Information System
• Problem Description

– Functional point of view:

• Privileged service for the Library Manager
– Enter a New book
– Remove a book
– Billing System
» Get membership fee
» Get renewal fee
» Get fine/recovery charge
» Payment to a supplier

– Status of books
» Total number of books in the text book section
» Total number of books in the reference section
» Number of books lost etc.

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 11

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
Case Study: Library Information System
• Problem Description
– Functional point of view:
• Privileged services for the Library Manager
– Miscellaneous queries
» Total number of books for a given subject
» How many books for a given title?
» How many books for a given author?
» Total deposit on membership
» Total earn on fine/recovery

• Privileged services for the Suppliers

» Books on demand
» Authorization request
» Response to quotation
» Submit bill
» Get payment, etc.

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 12

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Components of a Software System

Data
? User

Software System

Hardware Telecommunication

Software

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 13

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
Case Study: Library Information System
• Problem Description

– Information point of view:

• List of books

• List of borrowers

• List of library personnel and their authorizations

• List of all suppliers and supplies

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 14

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Components of a Software System

Data User

Software System

Hardware
? Telecommunication
?
Software
?
10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 15
Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Problems to Ponder
• Identify the different components in the
following systems

– Microsoft Office
– Cellular Phone

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 16

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 How we can specify a software system
under development?

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 17

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 An example: SANYOG
Internet access to underdeveloped communities in India
• In recent years, with the exponential growth of Information
Technology (IT), Internet has spread almost in all applications.
However, the Internet advantages are confined to the limited
communities only in our country. The majority communities,
who have some inherent limitations such as illiteracy,
unfamiliarity with foreign languages, cyber ignorance, low-
bandwidth communication links etc. are still unable to
participate in the IT revolution. An IS can be planned to give a
solution that transcend these barriers and bring Internet
services to everyone.

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 18

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 ICT to Rural India
Title of the software system

SANYOG
An interface to Internet for people in India

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 19

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Objectives of SANYOG
• Support Internet access to backward communities in
India in their mother languages.

• Design and development of Indian languages (e.g.,

Hindi, Bengali, Telegu) compatible user interface
(browser?).

• Providing multi-modal interactions facilities for user-

friendly interaction to Internet, so that people of
varieties level of experiences can enjoy the system.
10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 20
Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Objectives of SANYOG
• Support Internet access to backward communities in
India in their mother languages.

• Design and development of Indian languages (e.g.,

Hindi, Bengali, Telegu) compatible user interface
(browser?).

• Providing multi-modal interactions facilities for user-

friendly interaction to Internet, so that people of
varieties level of experiences can enjoy the system.
10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 21
Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Specification of SANYOG
• System:
– An integrated systems meeting all the objectives of
the project.
• Subsystems:
– Browser interface compatible with Hindi
– Browser interface compatible with Bengali
– Browser interface compatible with Telegu
– Voice enabled interface and information retrieval
– Icon-based man-cyber interaction
– Dialogue-based information access
– E-mail based off-line Internet access
10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 22
Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Type of SANYOG
• Research, Development & Engineering (R, D
& E) leading to production capability

• Application oriented Research, Design and

Development (R, D&D) having production
potential

• Basic R&D

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 23

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Typical End User of SANYOG
• Rural communities in the belt of Hindi,
Bengali and Telegu languages

• Other relevant applications in state and central

government offices

• Research communities

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 24

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Technical Details of SANYOG
• Urgency of the proposed system

• Aim and Challenges

• Solution
– Architectural level

• Work plan
– Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation and Testing

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 25

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Urgency of SANYOG
The spectacular growth in Internet, which becomes synonymous with the World Wide Web
(WWW), makes a rapid advancement in Information and Communication Technology (ICT).
However, the explosive growth of ICT and its many applications in education, science,
services and other activities etc. are confined within a limited number of so called privileged
people, who live in digital pockets. In fact, the rural people in our country are yet to be
included in this ICT revolution. It is not so worth to mention that the overall growth of the
country depends on the growth of the rural human resources in India. Further, the rural
population is 76% of the overall population in India and with reference to the intellectuality
they are also no way inferior compared to their urban counterparts. In order to diminish the
imbalance it is therefore an urgent need to make an info-communications bridges between
Rural India and the Internet. There are so many odds to achieve this like computer illiteracy,
language barrier, low-bandwidth communication connectivity, inadequate training facilities
etc. are some reasons. It therefore makes a challenge for us to extend it towards the
underprivileged community in India. This issue need to be addressed and find a solution in
ICT for Rural India. This system will be an indigenous effort to design and develop an
integrated framework with which the Indian people in general and the rural people in
particular will be able to share the WWW in their mother languages. Otherwise some digital
revolution takes place, it is not expected to get any breakthrough in the existing
telecommunication infrastructure in the present decade and anticipating this scenario a novel
solution has been proposed to overcome the low-bandwidth communication limitation to
access the Internet by rural mass.

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 26

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
Aim and Challenges in SANYOG
Currently Internet becomes synonymous with World Wide Web (WWW). The
popularity of WWW is largely dependent on the search engines. Search engines are
the access point of the huge information repository at the internet. The user
interface of the existing search engines takes a query string as an input from the
user. Based on the keywords present in the query string they search for relevant
documents. This type of interface works fine for well literate people. But for
illiterate people or those who has not enough proficiency and expertise to construct
a good query strings cannot use this. The rural communities in India are a perfect
example of this category of users. Hardly, they have the proficiency of constructing
a good query strings in English to extract their information from WWW. These
problems are compounded when novice users come into the consideration. These
categories of computer illiterate users have a huge gulf between “search and
information”. Another, limitations for rural users is having very slow rate of
information access, because of the low-bandwidth connectivity to the Internet,
which severally discourages them to be associated with the cyber world.
SANYOG is proposed to give a solution that transcend these barriers and
bring Internet services to everyone in Rural India.

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 27

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Blue Print of SANYOG
(An architectural level solution)

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 28

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Basic Architecture of SANYOG

T ext

Information Processor
Indian Languages
Interface with

S p eech
S earch E n g in e WWW
V isu al lan gu ag es

E m ail

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 29

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Use Case Diagram of SANYOG

H in d i b ro w ser
s>
lu de
c
<in
In d ian lan g u ag e com p atib le
< in clu d es> B en g a li b ro w ser
u ser in terface
<e
xte
nd
es>
O th er In d ia n la n g a g e
co m p a tib le b ro w ser

T ext a n d S p eech
es>
c lud
<in
M u lti-m od al in teraction < in clu d es>
service p rovid er V isu a l la n g u a g es
<in
clu
des
>
E m a il

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 30

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 System View of SANYOG

H in d i/B en gali to E n glish K eyw ord s

L a n g u a g e T ra n sla to r E xtractor

Q u ery Keyw
o rds
User Interface

W eb p age In tern et
S earch E n gin e

e
pag
L
M
E n glish to H in d i/B en gali C on ten t HT
L a n g u a g e T ra n sla to r R etriever

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 31

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Architecture of the Multi-modal User
Interface Component

T ext S trin gs of text H in d i/B en gali to E n glish

A n alyzer L a n g u a g e T ra n sla to r

Strings of text
T ext Q u ery strin gs
S p eech
Multi-modal interaction

S p eech S p eech to text K eyw ord s In tern et

W IM P S earch E n gin e
R ecogn izer C on verter E xtractor

V isu al Q u ery strin gs

Lan gu age C on ten t
M an ager R etriever

In form ation

HTML page
V isu alization
H T M L p age
T ex to sp eech
C on verter

E n glish toH in d i/B en gali

L a n g u a g e T ra n sla to r

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 32

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
Architecture of the Component that Access
Internet through Email
M a il H a n d ler
Interface to Email-based Internet access

R esu lt
E m ail E xtracts
H in d i/B en gali to E n glish Q u eu e q u ery
w ith Q u ery
L a n g u a g e T ra n sla to r k eyw ord s
q u ery K eyw ord s

Other Users
E m ail

E n glish toH in d i/B en gali R esu lt

L a n g u a g e T ra n sla to r P rovid er G atew ay
Low bandw idth

P rofile Q u ery
K eyw ord s
O n tology
R em ote High bandw idth
D atab ase
S erver
M an ager
G et/C reate
U ser P rofile

S earch E n gin e

In tern et & W W W

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 33

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Work Plan
• Duration of the project: 36X6 PM months

• Year 1
– Browser interface compatible with Hindi
– Browser interface compatible with Bengali
• Year 2
– Voice enabled interface and information retrieval
– Icon-based man-cyber interaction
– Dialogue-based information access
• Year 3
– E-mail based off-line Internet access

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 34

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Requirements
• Hardware?

• Software??

• Others ???

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 35

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Towards the deliverables……
• Planning?

• Analysis?

• Design?

• Implementation?

• Testing?

• Deployment?

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 36

Spring 2020 @DSamanta
 Problems to Ponder
• Define and understand the term Software systems

• Explain the technology, people, and organizational

components in software systems

• Describe the various types of software systems

• Merits and demerits of software systems

10 January, 2020 Software Engineering (CS20003) 37

Spring 2020 @DSamanta