Quiz Code

6. API 577 2013 Edition

1. How many welds does API 577 require to be inspected?

A) None
B) All welds
C) Representative number
D) 50% of welds

Answer: C. API 577, Scope [1]

2. An inspector notices that a welding arc is being deflected from its normal path because of
magnetic forces, the welder describes the problem to the inspector as________
a. cracks
b. short circuiting
c. arc blow
d. insufficient welding current
e. all of the above

Answer: C. API 577, arc blow [3.1.4]

3. A fusion weld made without filler metal is _______________.

A) Brazing
B) SMAW weld
C) Autogenous weld
D) SAW weld

Answer: C. API 577, autogenous weld [3.1.8]

4. The arrangement of direct current arc welding leads in which the electrode is the negative pole
and the work piece is the positive pole of the welding arc is ______________?
A) DCEN
B) DCEP
C) AC
D) AC/DC

Answer: A. API 577, direct current electrode negative DCEN [3.1.20]

5. The size of the fillet weld refers to the dimension of the welds:
A) Throat
B) Leg
C) Reinforcement
D) Toe

Answer: B. API 577, fillet weld size [3.1.27]

6. What is a non-standard term indicating a weld discontinuity in which fusion did not occur
between weld metal and fusion faces or adjoining weld beads?
a) lack of adhesion
b) lack of penetration
c) lack of fusion
d) non-weld fusion

Answer: C. API 577, lack of fusion (LOF) [3.1.42]

7. A discontinuity with a length substantially greater than its width is a _____ discontinuity.
A) Rounded
B) Linear
C) Non-linear
D) Rejectable detect

Answer: B. API 577, linear discontinuity [3.1.45]/ ASME IX [QW-191.2.1]

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8. Which of the following is used when it is deemed necessary or helpful to control distortion, to
relieve residual stresses, or to improve the quality of the weld?
A) Impact test
B) Tensile test
C) Fatigue test
D) Peening

Answer: D. API 577, Peening [3.1.50]/ ASME VIII. [UW-39]

9. Which discontinuity is normally found at the weld toe or root surface?

A) Underfill
B) Concavity
C) Overlap
D) Incomplete fusion

Answer: C. API 577, Discontinuities [9.1/ Table 2] / overlap [3.1.48]

10. Which of the following best describes the term undercut?

A) An incomplete bonding between the parent metal and filler metal under the weld
B) A lack of fusion under the cap that appears as a “cut” on a radiographic image
C) A groove melted into the base metal adjacent to weld toe or weld root
D) Incomplete filling of the weld root

Answer: C. API 577, Discontinuities [9.1/ Table 2] / overlap [3.1.48]

11. During the welding inspection, an inspector identifies a non-conformance to the specification
and brings it to the attention of those responsible for the work. What should be done before
welding proceeds further?
a) the non-conformance should be documented
b) the non-conformance should be completely removed and re-inspected
c) the non-conformance should be documented and re-inspected
d) the non-conformance should be immediately re-inspected

Answer: B. API 577, Non-Conformances and Defects [4.5]

12. ASNT recommended Practice SNT-TC-1A is a:

A) Manual covering nondestructive examination (NDE) safety procedures
B) Procedure for the visual examination of piping systems
C) Document covering NDE personnel qualifications
D) Document covering NDE procedures

Answer: C. API 577, NDE Examiner Certification [4.6] / ASME V, General [T-120]

13. What is the purpose of the WPS?

a) provides direction to the welder while making production welds to ASME code requirements
b) provides direction to the welder while making production welds to API code requirements
c) provides verbal rules for making production welds to ASME code requirements
d) provides rules for qualifying the welder

Answer: A. API 577, WELDING PROCEDURE [6.1]

14. Which of the following welding methods results in a highly directed stream of discrete drops
that are accelerated by ARC forces?
A) GMAW spray transfer.
B) GMAW globular transfer.
C) GMAW short-circuit transfer.
D) FCAW Flux-cored arc welding.

Answer: A. API 577, GMAW [5.4.4]

15. Which of the following welding methods encompasses the lowest range of welding currents
and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW Process?
A) GMAW spray transfer.
B) GMAW globular transfer.

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C) GMAW short-circuit transfer.

D) FCAW Flux-cored arc welding.

Answer: C. API 577, GMAW [5.4.2]

16. A Limitations of Stud welding is that:

A) A power supply cable of providing high amperage at 100%duty cycle is required
B) The process is primary suitable for only carbon steel and low-alloy steel
C) it is difficult shield the weld zone properly in drafty environments
D) the requirement is more complex, more costly, and less portable.

Answer: B. API 577, Stud Arc Welding (SW) [5.7.3]

17. What is a PQR?

a) it is a record of the welding data and variables used to weld a test coupon and the test results used
to qualify the welder
b) it is a record of the welding data and variables used to weld a test coupon and the test results used
to qualify the welding procedure
c) it is a record of the welding data used to test a weld coupon
d) provides rules for making production welds to ASME code requirements

Answer: B. API 577, WELDING PROCEDURE [6.1/6.3]

18. The purpose of the PQR is to establish the:

A) Properties of the weldment
B) Suitability of the weldment
C) Record for weldment construction
D) None of these are correct per API 577

Answer: B. API 577, WELDING PROCEDURE [6.1]

19. The purpose of the welding procedure specification (WPS)and the procedure qualification
record (PQR) is to:
A) Document the welding of the test coupon and to provide the direction to the welder
B) Establish the skill of a welder and a welder’s ability to deposit sound weld metal
C) Determine the extent of weldment RT required
D) Ensure the weld is free of mechanical defects

Answer: A. API 577, WELDING PROCEDURE [6.1]

20. A welding procedure specification (WPS) is selected for a repair on cold service piping. Impact
testing of the weldment is required. Which of the following is /are required on the WPS?
A) A record of the welding data used to weld a test coupon.
B) A description of the required repair.
C) All essential, nonessential, and supplementary variables if notch toughness is required.
D) The results of mechanical testing.

Answer: C. API 577, Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) [6.2]

21. The PQR shall record all of the following items except:
A) Manufacturer’s certification of accuracy in the qualification of a WPS
B) The nonessential variables used to weld a test coupon
C) The essential variables used to weld a test coupon
D) Coupon test results
Answer: B. API 577, WELDING PROCEDURE [6.3]

22. Which of the following must be included in a PQR?

A) Certification signature and date
B) Electrode trade name
C) Current revision and date
D) Base metal thickness range

Answer: A. API 577, Reviewing a WPS and PQR [6.4.3]

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23. ASME IX assigns base metals a P-Number category in order to reduce the number of required:
A) WPQs
B) PQRs
C) WPSs
D) None of these

Answer: B. API 577, P-Number Assignment to Base Metals [7.2]

24. Welders who qualify with one filler metal are qualified to weld with any filler metal having the
same:
A) F–number
B) P–number
C) A–number
D) A–number & P–number

Answer: A. API 577, F-Number Assignment to Filler Metals [7.3]

25. F-number groupings are based essentially on their usability characteristics, which
fundamentally determine:
A) The chemical composition of the electrode only
B) The chemical composition of the electrode and the weldability
C) The ability of welders to make satisfactory welds using similar composition filler metals
D) The ability of welders to make satisfactory welds using a given process and given filler metal

Answer: D. API 577, F-Number Assignment to Filler Metals [7.3]

26. The ASME IX A-number is based on:

A) The group of base metals having specified impact testing requirements
B) The weldability characteristics of a group of metal alloys
C) The chemical composition of the deposited weld metal
D) The chemical composition of the electrode

Answer: C. API 577, A-Number [7.5]

27. What should an inspector do when confronted with electrodes or fluxes that have become
wet?
a) electrodes or fluxes that have become wet should be dried
b) electrodes or fluxes that have become wet should be re-baked
c) electrodes or fluxes that have become wet should be discarded
d) electrodes or fluxes that have become wet should be quarantined for further evaluation

Answer: C. API 577, Consumable Storage and Handling [7.7]

28. The responsibility for qualifying repair welders is restricted to the:

A) Welding Qualification Test Company employed by the owner/user
B) Owner/user of the site where the repaired equipment will be used
C) Contractor or manufacturer employing the welder
D) Welder’s supervisor

Answer: C. API 577, Welder qualification [8.1]

29. The Welders Performance Qualification Record documents:

A) That the weldment provides the required properties.
B) The suitability of a weld process for a given service.
C) The ability of the manufacturer to control the welder.
D) The welder’s ability to make sound welds.

Answer: D. API 577, Welder qualification [8.1]

30. Welder performance qualification expires if a welding process is not used during a:
A) 3-month period
B) Six-month period
C) Nine-month period

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D) Twelve-month period

Answer: B. API 577, Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ) [8.2]

31. Welders may be qualified by radiographic examination of groove welds, with the exception of:
A) SAW with silicone-based flux.
B) GMAW globular transfer.
C) GMAW pulsed-arc.
D) GMAW-S (short-circuiting).

Answer: D. API 577, Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ) [8.2]

32. Under which circumstance may a welder be qualified by a production weld instead of a
qualification test coupon?
A) When minimum 6 inches(150mm) of welder’s first production weld pass a specified RT exam
B) When a coupon is removed from a production weld and mechanically tested
C) When a welder has welded with a specific process within past 12 months
D) Under no circumstance may a welder qualify by this method

Answer: A. API 577, Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ) [8.2]

33. under what circumstance must a welder requalify?

A) When the welder’s foreman discovers that the welder is not making acceptable welds
B) When the welder’s has not welded with the same P number in the previous 3 months
C) When the welder’s has not worked as a welder for the previous 2 months
D) When the welder’s has not requalified within past 12 months

Answer: D. API 577, Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ) [8.2]

34. Welder’s qualification can be revoked if:

A) There is reason to question their ability to make welds.
B) They violate their WPS more than once (includes high repair rates)
C) They violate their WPS repeatedly (includes high repair rates)
D) None of the above is correct per API 577

Answer: A. API 577, Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ) [8.2]

35. If radiographic exam is used for qualification of a welder or welding operator, the minimum
length of coupon to be examined is any of the following items EXCEPT:
A) 3 feet (0.91 meters) for welding operators (ASME IX Rule)
B) 6 inches (152.4 mm) minimum in any case (ASME IX Rule)
C) The entire circumference for their first three production joints
D) The entire weld circumference for pipe coupons (Typically Size 2 NPS & Size 8 NPS used)

Answer: C. API 577, Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ) [8.2]

36. Undercut can be corrected by:

A) Proper heat input & proper welding technique
B) Reduce travel speed and control arc length
C) Proper heat input & proper joint design
D) Reduce travel speed

Answer: C. API 577, Discontinuities [9.1 /Table 6]

37. Lack of side wall fusion (LOF) in weld is relevant to which welding process from the following:
A) SAW with silicone-based flux.
B) GMAW globular transfer.
C) GMAW pulsed-arc.
D) GMAW-S (short-circuiting).

Answer: D. API 577, Discontinuities [9.1 /Table 6]

38. which of the following method is most suitable for detecting lamination?
a. RT

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b. UT
c. ET
d. LT
e. AET

Answer: B. API 577, Discontinuities [9.1 /Table 5]

39. [The most extensively used NDE method for welds is:]/[ inspection method that has globally
agreement ] /[ universal NDT] .
A) Penetrant Testing
B) Visual testing
C) Radiographic testing
D) Magnetic Particle Testing

Answer: B. API 577, Visual Examination (VT) [9.3.1]

40. Direct visual examination is conducted when access is sufficient to place the eye:
A) Within 6 in–24 in (150–600 mm) of exam surface & at an angle not less than 20ᴼ to surface
B) Within 6 in–12 in (150–300 mm) of exam surface & at an angle not less than 20ᴼ to surface
C) Within 12in-24 in (300-600 mm) of exam surface & at an angle not less than 20ᴼ to surface
D) None of these is correct

Answer: D. API 577, Visual Examination (VT) [9.3.1]

41. Magnetic particle examination is effective in:

A) Locating surface discontinuities of ferromagnetic materials
B) Locating surface or near surface discontinuities of ferromagnetic materials
C) Locating surface or near surface discontinuities of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic materials
D) None of these are correct

Answer: B. API 577, Magnetic Particle Examination (MT) [9.4.1]

42. For added sensitivity, which of the following PT techniques may be used to detect fine linear
type indications?
A) Fluorescent penetrant technique.
B) Color Contrast Solvent Removable Visible Dye Penetrant.
C) Color Contrast Post emulsifiable Visible Dye Penetrant.
D) Color Contrast Water washable Visible Dye Penetrant.

Answer: A. API 577, Liquid Penetrant Examination (PT) [9.6.2]

43. Which of the following is not an advantage of using radiography to determine pipe thickness?
A) Piping insulation can remain intact during inspection
B) The cost of inspection is lower than for other methods
C) Film negatives provide a permanent record of the pipe condition
D) Isotope radiography is not an ignition source in the presence of hydrocarbons

Answer: B. API 577, Radiographic Examination (RT) [9.8.1]

44. What is the cause for rejection of the “B” image on a film due to excessive backscatter?
A) Light image of the Letter B
B) Dark image of the Letter B
C) Any image of the Letter B
D) No image of the Letter B

Answer: A. API 577, Excessive Backscatter [9.8.9.4] /ASME V [T-284]]

45. When reviewing RT film, a darkened perfectly straight line can be seen in the very centre of
the root pass (lightest area). The length of the line is about 75mm long. It is likely which type
of discontinuity?
A) Incomplete penetration
B) Incomplete fusion

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C) Wormhole porosity
D) Crack

Answer: A. API 577, Incomplete or Lack of Penetration (LOP) [Figure 35]

46. Which of these imperfections may appear as a light white spot using radiography?
A) Cracks
B) Incomplete Penetration
C) Porosity
D) Tungsten Inclusion

Answer: D. API 577, Tungsten Inclusions [Figure 45]

47. Which of the following imperfections may appear as a dark round spots using radiography?
A) Cracks and Incomplete Penetration
B) Porosity or Burn through
C) Slag and Incomplete fusion
D) Laminations

Answer: B. General NDE knowledge

48. A welding discontinuity is:

A) Condition of being imperfect/departure of quality characteristic from its intended condition.
B) An imperfection or unintentional nonconformance that is detectable by NDE.
C) A lack of cohesion; an interruption in the normal physical structure
D) The response or evidence from the application of NDE.

Answer: C. API 577, Terminology [9.12.2/ Table 8]

49. The temperature of the calibration standard should be within _______of the part to be
examined
A) 25°F
B) 50°F
C) 75°F
D) 150°F

Answer: A. API 577, Ultrasonic Examination [9.9.3.1]

50. The rate of search unit movement should not exceed

A) 3 in. per second
B) 4 in. per second
C) 6 in. per second
D) 10 in. per second

Answer: C. API 577, Ultrasonic Examination [9.9.5]

51. The structure of a deposited weld is akin to:

A) Hot-formed metal
B) Forging
C) Casting
D) Heat-treated metal

Answer: C. API 577, Metallurgy [10.2.1]

52. resistance to plastic deformation by indentationis called:

a. strength
b. toughness
c. hardness
d. ductility

Answer: C. API 577, Hardness [10.4.4]

53. The ability of a metal to absorb energy and deform plastically before fracturing is called:

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a. strength
b. ductility
c. hardness
d. toughness

Answer: D. API 577, Toughness [10.4.5]

54. The temperature at which a material fracture mode changes from ductile to brittle is called:
a. Cure temperature
b. Melting temperature
c. transition temperature
d. Toughness temperature

Answer: C. API 577, Toughness [10.4.5]

55. Hardness testing of the weld and HAZ is often required to assure the welding process, and
any PWHT, resulted in__________
A) meets physical properties
B) meets ductility
C) acceptable soft result
D) meets toughness

Answer: C. API 577, Hardness Testing for PQR and Production Welds [9.10.1]

56. What is maximum Brinnell hardness number allowed for welding 2.25Cr–1Mo material?
A) BHN 200
B) BHN 225
C) BHN 241
D) None of these

Answer: C. API 577, Hardening [10.7/Table 11]

57. Who is responsible for the quality craftsmanship of welding?

A) Welder
B) Owner /user
C) Welding inspector
D) API Authorized Inspection inspector
E) Piping Engineer

Answer: A. API 577, Tasks During Welding Operations [4.3.1.1 (a)]

58. Calibrations shall include the complete ultrasonic system and shall be
performed_____________
A) prior to use of the system in the thickness range under examination
B) after to use of the system in the thickness range under examination
C) prior to use, whenever the power source is interrupted or changed, and at the completion of the
examination or series of examinations
D) at least once every 1 hours
E) at least once every 8 hours

Answer: A. API 577, Ultrasonic Examination System Calibration [9.9.3.1]

59. which of these types of electrode will give a deep penetration characteristic?
A) Cellulosic type electrodes (e.g. E7010, E7011, and E7048 )
B) Cellulosic type electrodes (e.g. E6010, E6011, or E7010)
C) Low hydrogen type electrodes (e.g. E7016, E7018, and E7048)
D) Low hydrogen type electrodes (e.g. E6016, E6018, or E7010)
E) None of the above

Answer: B. API 577, Electrode Considerations [11.2.2]

60. Which of the following is common term used to reflect the act of penetrating a thin component
with the welding arc while hot tap welding or in-service welding.?
A) burn-through

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B) Internal (Root) Undercut

C) Excessive Penetration
D) Lack of Penetration (LOP)
E) Lack of Side Wall Fusion(LOF)

Answer: A. API 577, burn-through [3.1.13/Figure 40]

61. An advantages of Stud welding is that:

A) a power supply capable of providing high amperage at 100 % duty cycle is recommended.
B) produces repeatable high quality welds for large weldments and repetitive short welds.
B) weld is not visible during the welding process.
C) equipment required is more costly and extensive, and less portable.
D) process is limited to shop applications and flat position.

Answer: B. API 577, Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) [5.6.3]

62. The primary reason for postweld heat treatment is _______________

A) Change the microstructure of the weld
B) Increase the tensile strength of the weld
C) to relieve the residual stresses in a welded fabrication
D) Increase the impact strength of the weld
E) Provide a method of oven heating for the removal of gas pokets trapped in the weld

Answer: C. API 577, Postweld Heat Treatment [10.6]

63. The number 2 in the above figure represents which of the following?
A) Root Opening
B) Root Face
C) Groove Face
D) Bevel Angle
E) Groove Weld Size:

Answer: B. API 577, Groove Weld Nomenclature [Figure A.5]

64. What test is used to determine material notch toughness?

A) Impact test
B) Bend test
C) Tensile test
D) Elongation test

Answer: A. API 577, Toughness [10.4.5]

65. A carbon-steel piping circuit in caustic service that was originally stress-relieved:
A) Should be examined at twice the inspection interval of systems that are not stress-relieved.
B) Should be checked for cracking with magnetic-particle testing.
C) Requires Brinell hardness testing at the first inspection interval
D) Should never be hammer tested.

Answer: B. API 577, Caustic Service [11.4]

66. Which of the following electrodes are suitable for GMAW and GTAW?
A) E 7018
B) ER707-E
C) ER71T
D) ER70S-6

Answer: D. API 577, Annex A [Figure A.7]

67. Radiograph testing (RT) for detecting _______

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A) structurally significant defects

B) lamination.
C) temperature of components.
D) Subsurface crack.

Answer: D. API 577, Radiographic Examination (RT) [9.8.1]

68. Iridium 192 is normally used for performing radiography on steel with a thickness range of
______________
A) 0.25 in. to 3.0 in. (6.3 mm to 76.2 mm).
B) 1.5 in. to 7.0 in. (38 mm to 178 mm).
C) 0.25 in. to 7.0 in. (6.3 mm to 178 mm).
D) 0.5 in. to 1.5 in. (13 mm to 38 mm).

Answer: A. API 577, Radiographic Examination (RT) [9.8.4]

NOTE: -
For weld inspection, typically radioactive isotopes of Iridium 192 or Cobalt 60 are used. X-
ray machines may also be used.
Cobalt 60 is used for steel thickness of 1.5 in. to 7.0 in. (38 mm to 178 mm).
The minimum or maximum thickness that can be radiographed for a given material is
determined by demonstrating that the required sensitivity has been obtained.

69. Welding inspection activities can be separated into three stages corresponding to the welding
work process. Inspectors should perform____

A) specific tasks prior to welding.

B) specific tasks prior to welding, during welding
C) specific tasks prior to welding, during welding and upon completion of welding.
D) None of the above.

Answer: C. API 577, Welding Inspection [4.1]

70. What the thickness of material to use a technique may be used in which the radiation passes
through two walls and the weld (material)?
A) For all nominal outside diameter
B) For materials and for welds in components above 31⁄2 in. (89 mm) nominal outside diameter
C) For materials and for welds in components 31⁄2 in. (89 mm) or less in nominal outside diameter
D) None of the above

Answer: C. API 577, Radiographic Examination (RT) [9.8.8.4]

71. If an imperfection / a discontinuity is found in weld and identified during inspection and
examination, it should be
A) size, characterized and evaluated.
B) subject to fitness for service.
c) removed with appropriate repair.
D) recorded in RBI documentation

Answer: A. Body knowledge

72. {An imperfection of a type or magnitude exceeding the acceptance criteria is known as which
of the following? }/{ what is term used to describe will designates rejectability ?}
A) Discontinuity
B) Flaw
C) Defect
D) Indication

Answer: C. API 577, Defect [3.1.19]

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73. Magnetic particle examination may be used to examine weldments in which of the following?
a) Ferrous and non-ferrous materials
b) Ferrous materials exceeding 0.35 carbon content only
c) Ferromagnetic materials
d) Non-ferrous materials only

Answer: C. API 577, Magnetic Particle Examination (MT) [9.4.1]

74. Which of the following NDE methods is most likely to detect deep subsurface flaws?
a) Ultrasonic UT
b) Magnetic Particle MT
c) Liquid Penetrant PT
d) Eddy Current EC

Answer: A. API 577, Ultrasonic Examination (UT) (MT) [9.9.1]

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