:SAIL TO JAPAN . ON A GREAT PRESIDENT LINER Sailings twice monthly from San Francisco or Los Angeles to Yokohama via Honolulu on the luxurious, fully air-conditioned SS PRESIDENT CLEVELAND and SS PRESIDENT WILSON; or the all first-class SS PRESIDENT HOOVER. One way First Class fares, from $510. Economy Class fares, from $295. Sea/Air itineraries available. See your Travel Agent, or contact the American President Lines’ office nearest you. AMERICAN PRESIDENT LINES Trane -Ftcifio. Roun the Weld New Yark office: 29 Broadway, Tel: 01 48260, General Offices: 311 California St,, San Francisco 4. Other District Offices: Boston, Washington, D. C., Chicage, Les Angeles, San Francisce, Seattle, HanolulaTo Our Subscribers and Readers: Enthusiastic public response to BLACK BELT has forced us to greatly expand the scope, size and print order of our second issue. Our gratitude toward our subscribers and readers for this acceptance is com- mensurate with the obligation we feel to- ward them. We promise no compromise in quality and pledge a renewed effort to make the new, larger BLACK BELT an even more comprehensive and interesting pub- lication as an expression of our appreci- ation. As our readers will note, this issue is dressed up with a full four-color cover and has been enlarged to a standard magazine size format. In addition, BLACK BELT has gone national and now appears on thousands of newsstands from the At- lantic to the Pacific. This has necessitated a ten-fold increase in our total print order. Naturally, rapid expansion such as this involves adjustments. As a small token of our appreciation to our subscribers, whose loyalty has been instrumental in the success of the magazine, we will auta- matically increase the number of issues from eight to ten for those who have taken a one-year subscription. This represents a bonus of two additional BLACK BELTS for our pioneer subscribers. And for our readers at large, we trust the full-size magazine with more exten- sive layouts and editorial coverage will also prove a bonus. It is our belief that good things not only come in small packages — but large ones as well. That is the aim of the new, bigger BLACK BELT. The Publishers PS Black Belt VOLUME ONE © NUMBER TWO JANUARY, 1962 CONTENTS La: MacDonald Carey Gets Boost from Karate... The One-Legged Swordsman. ooo nnn dB Hawaii Aiki Kwai Alkido's Basie Tech migntes oo ovum eevvonnnnen 28 Swords and Armour of Europe and Japa open wiry mnnnen BO A Wife, A Mother, A Judoist.. New Cal Wrestling Coach. —..40 Mr [10s —= Ad Judo At Air Force Academy... a Karate Technine, oon 60 Karate HOw t0-D 0D een Self-Defense for WOM tnonvnenvneennninnn nen News [te .nononnnnnnnneninnnnnnnnnmnnnnninS STAFF pablisber, EDMUND JUNO dito, UEHARA stant editor, a5T RENSE managing adiior, LOU KIMZEY sasociate editors, GEORGE ASAWA, WILLIAM C.. HU, ‘TORAO MORI, EOMUND PARKER, Tsu pt Photo editor, sam wu Dhoto graphy: LARRY ALBRIGHT, CARL CHANG, KENNETH NEWTON, BLACK BELT is plished simhly bythe BLACK BELT, INC. Sin Stet Los hngeiee 62, Calrna) Applicton "eal 1 Hos ‘Angele, Calon aod ot addtional se crn. Wade Sami ct ‘Sipe hotenbe tee scoupused Gyr ged all SU see price te ig pablo sod citer wll not be ‘gsr ad photespbe aed revge all ana loge: Peat to USA @OO@ rrooverion a ivURING the past few months a flood ‘of books on the various arts of self defense has appeared on the news- stands, particularly on Karate, These books are priced from 99 cents to $7.00. And, as usual, with the good enes, come the bad ones. Many are written by experts, but a con: erable number of “how-to-de-it books" are the work of pseudo experts. If these so-called ex- perts had copied or plagiarized from the mas- ters their books would have, at least, contained some decent instruction. But, unfortunately, in many cases they borrow thelr material from thoroughly unreliable and sensational publi- cations. It is too bad these irresponsible people often attract more attention with their spectacular and misleading advertisements than true dis- ciples. A composite sample of these ads might read: “Turn your hands, fingers, elbows and feet into SUPER WEAPONS. With Karate a 98+ pound weakling can easily overpower a 220- pound he-man in seconds with his bare hands."* Or: “FEAR NO MAN. In just 24 hours this absolutely free Terror-Fighting Course that | am anaious to send You shows how to immediately use my Terror-Fighting Secrets and Flatten any Thug, Mug, Wiseguy or Bully —even if he's Tough, Trained and twice your size — Make him ABSOLUTELY HELPLESS IN SECONDS." Usu- ally @ few pictures are included in the ads, showing a skinny lad protecting his girl friend from a sinister-looking man who looks like a fiend from another world. ‘A few months ago we discussed this sub- ject with @ high-ranking judoist. “It's pathetic that these phonies are able to operate and ‘steal’ from the innocent public,” he com- plained. “I know one who operates from the East. He once had o few Judo lessons from me, but was far from an expert. According to his books he is now an expert in Karate, Judo, Ju itsu and so on.” Later we contacted on aikidoist who re- lated the following: “A few years ago, | went to see an instructor who advertised that he teaches Karate, Judo, Yawara and Aikido, Dur- ing our meeting the instructor showed me ai list of about 20 martial arts. He boasted that he, himself, taught all of them. When | informed him that | wished to further my training in Aikido he looked at me sharply and inquired, ‘what do you mean by further?” When I said that | already had a year of training in the art, he glanced away, explaining that he couldn't teach me anything new because | already knew enough to protect myself. But before | left his dojo, he hinted that he would like to Jearn a few Aikiclo techniques. In exchange he said he would teach me Karate. This same phony has written @ half-dozen books on the various arts, including Aikido. Beginners, beware of these phonies! Don't buy books because they are “cheap” or be- cause they advertise overnight mastery of an art, It takes many months of training to learn just the fundamentals, To become a master, it requires many years of hard training. In a recent issue of Sports Illustrated, there appeared an article entitled "The Oriental Mar- tial Art of Karate.” According to the article, it was suggested that Karate will be accepted mostly by bar fighters, muggers, juvenile rum- blers, cop-baiters, strike-breakers, labor goons, itinerant rapists and stick-up artists. "Karate is designed especially for the Unprovoked As- saulter,"* the article stated. If the writer of that story would try to understand and practice with devotees of the various martial arts he would find out that most of them have higher than average intelli- gence, He would discaver that there are many lawyers, accountants, chemists, engineers and doctors among the devotees and that all stu- dents are taught discipline. He would find out that most instructors check the background of an individual before accepting him as a stu: dent and that the legitimate Karate instructor usually does not accept a student under the dge of 15. He would find out that all the martial arts have a deeper philosophy (basically Zen! than just self-defense. All the martial arts are not considered ‘sport’ except sport Judo. Martial arts are as defined — self-defense, In self-defense there is no competition, Alltechniques are done with a purpose — to pro- tect yourself, Self-defense techniques are not to be used in horse-play. They are to be used when you are attacked by robbers, hoodlums, or gongs. Using the art of self-defense could be “dirty of unfair” because your life is at stake. Sometimes the public doesn't understand this. They think we should "box" with a person dlutching a knife. Martial arts, if properly studied and ap: plied become a valuable part of a constructive way of life. And, makes the individual on asset to his family, to his community and to his country. THE EDITORSKODOKAN modern Judo. It has become a Mecca for millions of Judo enthusiasts, Every judoist dreams of visiting Kédokan and working out in the very rooms where the founding masters once trained. And also, pechaps, to watch some of the living old masters participate on some rare occasion, Kodokan has traveled a long and arduous way, built firmly and slowly upon the countless accom: plishments and personal sacrifices of many of its disciples, It had an humble beginning in 1882. From a small annex in Eishoji Temple, which served as a training room as well as living quarters for Jigoro Kano, Kodokan has developed and grown into a large, modern, seven-story building. Its original 12- mat, 12’ x 18° training area has grown into a 500-mat, 100" x 100" hall. Its original enrollment of nine now numbers in the millions. Today it embraces people from all walks of life, of all ages, and from all nations. ‘A visit to Kodokan is truly an experience to re- member. As one enters the main lobby of a building devoted exclusively to development and promotion of Judo, he is greeted by courteous girls at the infor- mation desk, In a little room behind the desk, a file K ODOKAN has become synonymous with on all students who have studied at Kodokan, and those who have received ranking of Ist Degree (Shodan) and above, is kept. Beyand the informa- tion desk is a cashier's cage. Individual training quasters are also located on the first floor. One room devoted to women students, Another to foreign men students. “The second floor consists of offices for the p cation of periodicals, news bulletins, etc. Wri tnd collect of manuscripts is performed here. Ole manuscripts, as well as other publications, are main- tained as references. The main training area (dojo) also is located on the second floor. There are approx- imately 300 mats covering an area of 100' x 100’, The floor has a slightly springy bounce since it rests upon a sea of springs. Mats are enclosed in vinyl covering, thus facilitating cleaning. At one end of this training room is an elevated stage, where instructors sit during practices or at meets. A large picture of Dr. Kano, the founder of Kodokan, hangs on the wall behind the instructors. ‘The spectatoss’ gallery located on the third floor looks out over the main training area. During prac- tice, one can see many people watching the workouts below, The third floor in the main building housesInside the famed Kodokan Stadium in Tokyo, Japan the offices of the president and other administrative officers. In order to meet President Risei Kano, one must go through the secretary's room. The office is sectioned into. two parts. Many priceless artifacts from all over the world adorn the office. Most prom- inent are the pictures of the past presidents, Jigoro Kano and Jiro Nango. The fourth floor consists of a large conference chamber and other meeting rooms. Classrooms and other training quarters containing all types of exercising equipment —e.g., barbells, etc,, ate located on the fifth floor. Research on vari- ‘ous Judo techniques is conducted here. ‘The sixth and seventh floors are hotel rooms operated by Kodokan for visitars and residents. From these rooms one can enjoy a wide view of Tokyo. In the evening, those coming to work out fill the basement section of Kodokan, It is here one can check his personal belongings, rent a locker or judo-gi (uniform), or shop for Judo equipment. Showers and dressing rooms also are located in the basement. Female class with instructor, second left; Sec- ond from right is the welleknown Japanese film star Shirley Yamaguchi. iuOld Kedokan building in Tokyo which is still in existence. In order to enroll at Kodokan, one must take the following steps: 1, Each prospective student must file an appli- cation form, 2. An admission fee of 85 cents (300 yen) must accompany each application. 3. All applicants must pledge to: a) complete the training once started; b) honor, respect and never disgrace the Kodokan School or the sport of Judo, and c) observe all rules and regulations while in training. The Usining schedule is broken down into fou classification: 1. Novice (beginners) : Basic techniques of Judo are taught in this class. It is open to both sexes. Boys train between 4:30 and 6:30 P.M. Girls’ classes begin at 5 and end at 7 P.M. ‘The beginner's course usually takes three ‘months to complete. The tuition is $1.15 per month (400 yen) for students 15 years and above; 85 cents (300 yen) for those 14 years and below. First day is spent learning man- ners and conduct in gym (dojo), aims of Judo, and rules and regulations of Kodokan School, The students aso are introduced to the basic exercises On the second day, students are acquainted with etiquette of salutations, One learns the system of falling techniques (Ukemi), basic ‘movements —e-g., stances, feet or leg sweeps, etc. The students aze then inteoduced to. dif ferent techniques, eg., the art of throwing (Nage-waza), the art of grappling (Katame: waza), ete, View of new Kodokan building recently constructed in Tokyo. 2. Advance (Tokushuka): This class is open to students with a basic knowledge of Judo techniques. The elass is for one Year; its tui- tion is $5.60 per month (2,000 yen), 3. International Class (Kokusaika): This class is open to foreign students. It covers one year of training at a cost of $3.60 per month (2,000 yen). At the present there are more than 6,000 foreign stdents enrolled st Kodo- 4. Special (Kenshuka): This class is limited to a very few selected students. The appli- cant must have a college degree, hold a rank of 3rd Degree (San-dan) or above, and must passa rigid examination. His application and qualifications are carefully screened. If ac- cepted, he will then be initiated into the innermost secrets of Judo. After three months of training, if a student has learned the rudiments of Judo, he is qualified to enter tournaments. He can enroll at any gym (dojo) to learn free exercise (randori) and other advance techniques, In order to work toward a black belt ranking (Yudansha), a student must enter in the monthly rank matches (Getsugi Shiai) or participate in sched- uuled red and white team matches (Kohaku Shiai). It takes about two years of concentrated training to acquire a Ist Degree (Sho-dan) rating. At the present there are more than 325,000 black belt holders (Yudanshas) Judo rankings for both students and instructors, as recognized by Kodokan, are as follows:Sign banners “All Japan Jude Tourney” on Kodokan Kodokan Belt Regulation white — beginners and holders of 6th, Sth or 4th Kyu. violet —under 18 years old holding 1st, 2nd or 3rd Kyu. brown — adults holding 1st, 2nd or 3rd kyu. black — holders of degrce rank; minimum age limit 15 years. red and white— holders of 6th, 7th or 8th degree. red — holders of 9th or 10th degree. note: ladies’ belts have white stripe running thruogh the middle, A fee of 85 cents (300 yen) must be paid by each Teuneira Tomita, fppesrs in the fr Eole Book of the Kodeken, Kono ond @ group of some of his earliest disciples. participant entering a tournament. To enter a special match a Fee of $2.80 (1,000 yen) must be paid. Reg- ular rank test costs 85 cents; whereas the special test is $2.80, As one looks im on the classes, it is heartening to see so many enjoying training, nat merely for the physical competitiveness of a sport, but as well For the advantages of mental discipline. Watching the young boys practise one cannot help but wonder. . . here may be in the making future champions in the field of Judo, as well as future leaders of a nation. It is upon such training, as expounded by Judo, that Kodokan has built a firm foundation. Sakujio Yokoyoms, one of the most famous Judaks of Koda fan oleng with Y, Yomowina, YYositaki Yomoshita, one of the highest dscpler of Prof. Kane from the ston of the Kedokon“The world is filled with too much hate and violence —vio- lence void of any logie or reason,” observed MacDonald Carey, star of the TV series "Lock Up.” He had jast returned from film. ing Columbia's "Children of Light” with Shirley Ann Fields in England —a film with a strong message speaking out against senseless violence, ‘Karate, itself, possesses an out: ward appearance of violence,” MacDonald Carey Gets Boost from Karate MacDonald continued. “However. the very first impression I had of Karate appealed to my senses — it bore a marked similarity to fenc felt that there existed some- thing deeper than mere physical display of savage mayhem. Karate can be direct and violent. Being aware of this produces @ quiet self-restraint in the individual. 1 felt that the mental and philosoph- ical aspects, or the spiritual sideof Karate offered a means of ae quiring ‘inner balance’. “This ‘inner balance’ makes a man more complete, free of anx: iety and tension, and makes him eager to meet each problem in daily living as a simple challenge, directly and completely. Carey was born in Sioux City, Towa. As a youngster in a sports. minded family, he took up various sports. His brothers excelled in golf. From his father, who held the midwest championship for many years, Carey developed a Jove for tennis. He later studied fencing under George Santelli of New York. Upon artival in Holly. wood he continued fencing with Ralph Faulkner of Falcum Stu dios, During the war," said MeDon- ald, “I was required to take Judo as a past of the Marine Corps training. After discharge From the 2 service I continued to study Judo. During practice a few years back Columnist Joe Hyams. informed me about Karate. He further stated that Karate was being taught at the Beverly Hills Ath etic Club under the direction of Ed Parker. “Lowas quite impressed with the violent and gentle aspects of Ka: rate. Three months later while visiting Hawaii, I met many Ka: Fate enthusiasts and returned home sold on this att. I decided to be- come a good Karateist. The prac- tice sessions with Ed have become an integral part of my busy sched- ule” Physical fitness that results from’ Karate training has been beneficial in MacDonald's work. ¢ and time again during Film- ing of the “Lock-Up” series, he was required to complete as many as two shows a week, The work was exacting as well as exhaust- ing. However, being in good shape aided Carey in keeping up with this fast pace, While filming “Children of Light,” Carey was able to make use of his previous Judo training. When he was required to throw his opponent duting a scuffle, Carey made a perfect shoulder throw (Seoinage) on the very first take. He received full-hearted cooperation from the British crew and actors many of whom were ardent Judo enthusiasts “'The story is in the realm of science-fiction,” MacDonald said, “It is based upon violence and preparation for violence. People abhor violence and yet continue to foster it. It is only when people can comprehend the total destrue- tiveness which a beating, a war, or even a Karate blow can render that he realizes that he must prac-tice self-restraint—respect for one another. Carey, father of six children, still plays tennis well and is active in other sports. He hopes to set a good example for his sons in this way. “During my Judo training,” he recalled, "I would let my sons workout with me in our little gym. When one of them had leamed how to execute a throw, I allowed him to throw me. It must have caught him by surprise because as I went flying over his shoulder, he stared in disbelief, Running to his mother he whispered in awe, “I threw the whole father!’ He ‘was six at the time.” Though MacDonald Carey possesses a gentle disposition and is a devout family man, he can be found training the seemingly aggressive art Of Karate at Ed Parker's Kenpo Karate School with regularity. He applies himself with the dedication of a‘ man who knows that Karate is a way to a fine hn man achievement—namely phys- ical fitness, "inner balance,” and restraint through preparation. ‘MacDonald Corey and family. TV star takes time out from duties before comera to spend ¢ let of productive time with six children,“TINY WOMAN LIFTS CAR TO SAVE SON!” )BY KOICHI TOHE! (9th dan — Aikido) MIND OVER MATTER “Power of mind is infinite while brawn is limited...” IME AND time again such incredibe feats headin ing our daily newspapers have batted not only readers but also scientists. For centuries man has endeavored to find a logical answer for these apparently super- human deeds without much suc cess But to an Aikidoist such aston- ishing acts are readily understood If, at 2 given moment, your mind cr spirit coordinates perfectly with your body, incredible steength re- sults—=more than 10 times your normal power. This perfect coor dination of bady and mind, un. fortunately, will never occur to the great majority of people, The un nitiated few who gain this power almost always experience it dur- ing an emergency. But a highly ‘rained person, such as an Aikido: ist, can execute and command this strength whenever he deems it necessary! Now the question that follows cnaturally is, “How can you coordi= crate your mind with your body? To answer this question, you must first learn the meaning of Ki (mind of spirit). Ki is not a com- ‘ponent of your brain, whase chief function consists of thinking, The ki that an Aikidoist refers to is located at the center of ane’s anat- ‘omy —a point just below the na- wvel which is called "Saika No It- ten.” From this central point hu- man power or strength is origi- nated before flowing to other parts of the body. This can besst be illustrated by imagining that your body is simi lar to an electrical mechanism. Your brain operates like a battery. Itsends messages to a starter point which in tuen acts like a generator and transmits strength to any part of the body. Another illustration is to imag- ine your arms as rubber hoses at- tached to the Saika No Itten point which acts as 2 valve. The water is the ki, As you release the wa- ter, the hoses (your arms) become firmer and stronger as more liquid (H) flows through them. Your ingers must be fully extended, permitting the ki to flow through them. If the fists are clenched, the force is cut off, very much like bending a rubber hose and thus iscatting off the flow of water from the nozzle, Paradoxically, ki is simple and plain — yet it is difficult to de scribe. The ki is around us like the air we breathe, But until we de velop the ki ourselves to a stage where we can actually feel it with. in us, explanation will be hard. It is like trying to describe a vivid scene to a person who is blind, Each of us is endowed with the Ki at birth, but most of us remain unaware of it. However, as we develop our ki through training, ceventually we can even sense an- ‘other person applying his ki. Until -we are in that position, most exhi- bitions of Aikido will seem phony >ecause all the throws and maneu- ‘vers are done with such. ease and grace. ‘What is Aikido and what part does it play in our modern way of living? Aikido literally means “Mind together with your opponent's.” Although Aikido is an act of self. defense, self-defense is of secon- dary importance. Developing the ki is the primary objective. But in order to develop your ki, one must first lean the throws and move- ments of Aikido, Once these are mastered you can concentrate on assimilating your ki with your techniques. ‘As our modern world grows more frenzied and chaotic, man tends to create tension within him- self... eventually this results in neurosis and often in stomach ulcers. To attain relief, humans have consumed millions of sleep r tranquilizing pills. But usually these are only temporary expedi- ents, To find permanent relief, many have tumed to yoga, zen and Aikido. This latter art i tended for modern man because training of the ki need not be done impassively, but can be performed as one goes about his daily work. ‘Actually, a highly trained -Aikido- ist can even keep his ki animated while he sleeps. Aikido training, in addition to developing unknown powers and relaxing your tension, also molds character, Take the case of Tom S,, from childhood until his mid- twenties he possessed an uncon- trollable temper. "Tom would smash the glass- ware and kick the door down if I did not have dinner ready on time,” his wife explained. “But after he had practised Aikido for about six months, Tom's character changed immensely. He stopped kicking the door and didn’t bark at the children anymore, I'm 30 glad Tom studied Aikido because we certainly have a happier home now,” In Hawaii there are dozens of documented stories of rough, young punks, whe once thrashed another person simply because they didn't like the victim's appearance, drastically changing into proper citizens after Aikido training, ‘Aikido is the most recently in- troduced self-defense art. But it has already established itself in Hawaii and has taken root in Cal- ifornia as well. (In a subsequent issue of Black Belt, we will explain the method used by Aikidoists in developing the ki.) 16 er aby GEORGE ASAWA THE ONE LEGGED SWORDSMAN ENDO, ar Japanese fenc- Kees from the ancient art of swordsmanship. The participants wear protective equipment weigh- ing about 30 pounds: gauntlets (Kote), a head protector (men), chest protector (do), hip pads (koshiate), and a skist (hakama) The points scored dusing Kendo matches are well-defined; there are four point-areas: in front or either side just above the ear, throat, hand or wrist, and side of chest. Each point-area_ must be called out just before being struck. Each Kendo movement must be de- cided on split-second notice and once made, carried to completion As quickly as a point-area is struck, another blow must follow almost simultaneously. A kendoist never forgets that his fencing stave or shinai, four sections of bamboo fitted together, represents a live blade. From 1865 when Bean from the British Consulate staff took up Kendo until 1937, a very few out side of the Japanese ever studied, let alone mastered, the techniques of Kendo, Gordon Warmer, a social studies 18 major at the University of South- ern California, was attracted to the Japanese martial arts, Besides tak- ing an active part in USC's athletic program, the 6'3” Trojan varsity swimming team captain pursued the training of Judo and Kendo at a focal hall, Upon his graduation, June 1936, he received the Gimble imedal for attitude, scholarship, and sportsmanship. He was, also, commissioned as 2 2nd Lieutenant in the U.S. Marine Corps. ‘Warner took his training at the Marine Basic School in Philadel- phia following graduation. This proved to bea turning point in his life. At the school the new 2nd lieutenant met two famous Ma- ines. The foremost hand-to-hand combat instructor and a renowned fencer was Lieutenant Colonel An- thony J. Drexel Biddle. The next Marine officer to change the course of Warner's life was Cap- tain Lewis B. Puller, who later became the most decorated man in the Marines, Today, Lieutenant General Putler wears four Navy Crosses, Both officers urged Wamer to continue his study of Japanese martial arts after noting how a kendoist could parry any attack skillfully during bayonet practice. In 1937 Warner returned to Los Angeles to make arrangements to study Kendo, At this time « young Japanese attending USC was ex: citing the Japanese community in Los Angeles with his skill and technique in the art of Kendo. ‘Warren met Torao Mori, a sensa- tional kendoist who had entered the univeesity as a business major. The two became great friends. Mori recognized that Warner showed a keen insight into the phi- losophy of Kendo. “With his speed and drive and proper train- ing Warmer would make a good endoist.” With an invitation to Mori's fencing school in Japan, Warner sailed for Tokyo on the SS. Chi- chibu Mara, September, 1937. He presented a letter of introduction from Moti to Seiji Noma, Presi- dent of the Kodansha Publishing Company. Warner learned that the Kodansha Dojo was one of the most famous fencing schools ia Japan. Moriji Machida, a Na- tional Champion and a most skill: ful kendoist, and Shinsuke Masudk, also a top ranking fencerof national fame, were to be his teachers. With some fifty kendo- ists, Warner began his training, After three months of physical conditioning and instruction in the history as well as philosophy of Kendo, Warner donned his Kendo equipment and began the first movements with the fencing stave (shinai). He was also taught the point-areas which must be struck during a match, etiquette of a schodl, procedures of striking a blow, and so forth, 20 The most difficult part of Kendo is learning to slide the Feet ‘on the wooden floor. The kendo- ist, being barefooted, must endure blistering and bleeding of his feet until toughened to floor friction. ‘As the training sessions became more complicated and various techniques required greater in- structions, Warner reflected on the parting words of bis friend Shinso Kagawa "Remember, Gor don, Kendo is a way of life.” Kendo was indeed a rough and Warner gets ready to don artificial limb prior to putting fon Kendo uniform and equipment. ready life, but it was an exhilarat- ing sport The early morning practice and the late afternoon training paid early dividends as Warner, under the watchful eyes of the Kodansha teachers, made progress. After two years of practice Kodansha awarded Warner the rank of Ist Degree (Shodan), Later he wasinstructed in the use of the live Blade in Iai When asked why he studied Kendo, Warnee replied: "One never completely learns all the fa ets of Kendo, Each day one is re- warded with something new. And, with the new discovery he obtains a deeper insight into the Japanese culture.” Warner returned to Ho- nolulu in 1939 where he-continued his Kendo training at a fencing school in Manoa Valley. He taught at Punahou Academy and later at Maui High School on the Island of Maui. In 1941 Warner received orders to-report to the United States Ma- tine Corps Schools at Quantico, Virginia. Here, he became an in: steuctor of hand.to-hand combat, following in the footsteps of his great friend, Colonel Biddle. The swift movements of war found Warner in the South Pacific and through various landings — the Battle of Bougainville will remain particularly vivid in his memory On November 1, 1943, while un- der enemy fire, Warner raised the first American flag on the island. The historical flag was later pre- sented to the Commanding Gen eral, Allan H. Turnage, USMC, the former Commandant of Basic School. Five days later Warner led his company in an at- tack against a large Japanese force which had peneirated the left flank of the Third Marine Division perimeter dug in on the beach. Beginning at 6:00 A.M. the hattle raged. Artillery, air strikes, and sea bombardment co- ordinated from his position ham- mered the enemy. In the final hour of the day Warner led an attack, over-munning the hastily- dug positions of the enemy. As the chattering, deadly rhythm of a ma. chine gun added its staccato voice to the full-throated roar of battle, ‘Wamer took command of a tank from the outside, Giving directions to the driver, they roared through the clearing’ A covey of deadiy enemy machine gun nests sl fully deployed in the dense, damp jungle opened fire on the lumber: ing tank. In the midst of the clear: ing the tank received a hit. At the same time the clatter of three bursts of machine gun fire had found their mark. Captain War- ner would fight no more. His left Jeg had been shattered by the blast. A personal letter from his division commander, Major General Turn: age, reveals this passage: "you had hardly been evacuated from the area when we recommended you for the award of the CongressionalMedal of Honor, which you truly deserve,” Through the long hospitaliza- tion after the amputation of War- ner's left leg, just below the hip, there was no sign of his being dls pirited. During hospitalization Warner managed to attend classes and a year later on November 1, 1944, he obtained an M.A. degree From the ity of Southern California. Deciding on a teaching career Warner enrolled at the Uni- versity of California at Berkeley in 1950, While studying for his dac- torate Warner was convinced by his old friend Torao Mori that it ‘was not impossible to again prac~ tice Kendo with an artificial leg. ‘Warner had been practicing with a wooden sword to keep the sharp- ness of balance he had attained be- fore the loss of his leg, (‘This had also given him a necessary physical ruggedness to undergo five years asa “guinea pig" suction socket Dr. Warner gets ready for his tum in the American-Japan Kendo Match in Qsaka, Japan, November 1956. test pilot for the Northrop re- scarch project.) Mori believed that Warner could accomplish the Feat. Together, they worked with the very basic movements and in a short time the old skill and re. flexes retumed to normal, ‘Warner organized a Kendo club at the University of California with his friend Ben Hazard. Ben had received his training in Japan while on occupation duties, The two obtained full support from fe won match.Dr. Stone, Director of Physical Education at Berkeley, In 1954 Wamer obtained his doctorate from the University of California, Berkeley, and the fol lowing year became an Assistant Professor in Education at Long Beach State College Tn 1956 the Japanese Kendo Federation awarded Wamer with the rank of 3d Degree (Sandan) in Kendo. At this time Warner ‘was requested by Dr. Junzo Sasa- tori, Member of the Upper House of the Japanese Diet. to attend the America-Japan Kendo matcthes to be held in Tokyo, Yokohama, Ky- oto and Osaka in November, He made the trip as a member and advisor of a team. The long years of training proved rewarding, Warner was concerned as to what the teaction might be in Japan upon his first visit since the war, His fears were quickly dispelled as his old teach- Lt. Col. Wormer wears Navy Cross, service's top decoration for heroism.