AUTHENTIC JUDO AND KARATE INSTRUCTIONS! BLACK BELT: The Magazine of Self-Defense SELF-DEFENSE ty) ta] Ca GETS BOOST FROM JUDO Ua aCe LLY boi tinlled AND AIKIDO Ce (i aa COLLEGE JUDOLET YOUR OLYMPIC SAVINGS PLAN PAY YOUR WAY TO TOKYO! — AND ENJOY A WELLDESERVED VACATION, FREE FROM ALL FINANCIAL WORRIES, Plan now to see the Olympic Games in Tokyo in’64 © Choose from 4 Olympic Savings Plans No. 1 $10 at 2-week intervals No. 2 $20 at 2-week intervals No. 3 $40 at 2-week intervals No. 4 ANY AMOUNT at any time © You save systematically until the end of 1963 and receive o check for the full ‘amount plus interest in 1964, # You can join this Plon ANY TIME. * Your deposit earns the highest Bonk interest. ‘WHEN YOU START ‘YOU WILL RECEIVE A CHECK: “THIS PLAN FOR THIS AMOUNT PLUS INTEREST IN 1964 sto class $20 cass ‘$40 CLASS January, 1961... . . . $790 $1,580 $3,160 dune, 1961. 2 1 1 1. + $680 $1,360 $2,720 January, 1962... . . « $530 $1,060 $2,120 June, 1962 6 2 we ewe $420 $840 $1,680 ALMA eile adel ° me Sane Aegis Pa ea eae arBlack ~~ ‘VOLUME ONE ¢ NUMBER FOUR SEPTEMBER, 1962 ‘CONTENTS Editorial sn woe Letters. 10 the Eabit0 6a nnsnennnemninmnnnonnnn & Master Morihei Uyesbiba, Founder of Aikido10 Aikido: Basic Technique 16 ese Swords Self Defense for Women... Karate Karate Technique 32 1st Eastern College Tudo Champions ...36 Air Force Headquarters for Martial Arts. 40 The Fair Sex Enjoys Judo, Too. 45 A Tribute to E, J, Harrison, a Scholar and a Judoist.31 A Church Gets a Boost front [td omen nnimnnnn 52 A History of Jide 58 Boys Judo Sport-Defems 0 ea SA So You Went to be « Judoka (Poem)... 65 STAFF Publisher, EDMUND JUNG ‘editor, M. UYEHARA ssustant editor, ART RENSE ‘munazing editr, LOU KIMZEY ‘auociate editor, GEORGE ASAWA, WILLIAM C, C, HU, GOR. BON" WARNER, ROBERT WELLS ‘echnical elitr, TOKUJ! HIRATA, TORAO MORI, EDMUND PARKER.“H.'E, SHARP, ISAO TAKAHASHI, KOICHI TOHET, BEN TSUJI ar force Jiasion effeer, MAJOR JOHN GREGORY adverising director, JAMES UYEHARA Photo editor, SAM WU bbciography, CARL CHANG, RALPH POOLE, MARKO, FRANK SLATER ‘ets, HIDEO SEI, JOHN SNYDER cartoow adisor, D. F. ENSLOW for cat represntatie, GEORGE YOSHINAGA BLACK BELT is publhed Bimonily bythe BLACK BELT, INC.. 2404 South Fi Seer Loe Angeles 7. Callas” Aplin to silat cond. cae Pte ues pendog at Lan Angee Calter, ands addons. mang ies: Cpyeight ist by BLACK BELT, INC. SUBSCRIPTION RATES! $3.00 for ta irs Inthe Untied Seton Canede, 4600 fr te. et ia igo counttcn Soule tpy pice 380; The peblcbers Sad edi not Be poole for umolcied manacipa and photagrphs and squeal rane ‘pls ad pomp te be accompanied by A added tes fmelope, Primed in USA. MAGAZINE PRODUCTION. By 1-p-5.editorial the Sham Operators INCE THE publication of the second issue of BLACK BELT (Jan. 1962), our office was flooded with letters from readers, not only in the ald. Sexe, it bio from sbcad. Mot of de letters request guidance. “Where can we learn tue art of Karate, Judo or Aikido? ee the school in our community instruct the true form of self-defense?” “Is it expensive to leam the arts of self-defense?” These are but a small sampling of questions. Un- fortunately, we cannot answer all these welcome inquiries, Any attempt to classify each school in the US. or elsewhere as authentic or deceptive is an enormous task. It would involve sending 2 team of experts on expensive tours beyond our means. ‘There are no legal ways of “stamping out” the sham tors. from schools or writin; books, However, there are ways of enrtlling ther activities. ‘We feel, at present, that there is too much bick- eting going on —not only among the various arts and sports, but even within each individual art. For instance, an instructor has criticized another identical art by saying that his art is the only “true form. Another claimed that his art was superior to any other art. Another was willing to challenge anyone forthe purpote of proving the supetiorty of hie at ‘We could forgive these people if they were begin- ners, But surprisingly, some of them are high rank- ing devotees who have devoted their life to the arts. And these are the same people who cry the loudest, "How can we stop the phonies from ruining the true meaning of the Oriental martial arts?” Unfortunately, these few often have dictatorial control over their organizations, Like the pseudo- experts they are a menace to the arts. They’ incline to present a false impression to the public by their belligerent attitude and also tend to cause chaos within the organization, ‘We of BLACK BELT feel that the organizations throughout the nation should promote Better rela. tionships among themselves and should attempt to publicize the true meaning of each art to the public *« . not just the breaking of boards with bare hands of flipping of other individuals. At present, the lay- man still feels, in general, that all the Oriental mar- tial arts are “arts of violence.” Finally, we firmly believe that many instructors and leaders of the various arts either ignore or have forgotten the principles constituted by their founders or masters, such a8 Funakoshi of Karate, Kang of Judo, Uyeshiba of Aikido, and many others. Their principles basically were the same: be humble in- stead of egotistical; respect others if you expect to be respected yourself, TE we ean stop being dictators and cease judging others, and commence to take constructive steps toward understanding with each other and with the interested public, we feel that the eradication of unscrupulous operators is possible, For the beginners particularly, we regret that we cannot be of more specific help in recommending the correct instructor or the right school. However, we are taking steps in this dieection. BLACK BELT is now initiating a directory of all schools throughout the nation in our subsequent is- sues for the convenience of our readers, We cer- tainly hope that we will be able to list the school in your community after we finish our investigation. —Tue EprorsStart Your Own Library With These Authentic Books CANON OF JUDO by Kyuze Mifune (10th Degree, Ju-dan) A most comprehensive book by one of the foremost Judo masters of the world. A "mast book for all Judo enthusiasts, 245 pages with over 1000 photographs in black and white. Superb binding swith Judo jacket. 7xt0Y/ 1.00 WHAT IS KARATE? by Master Masutetsu Qyama An snmatched book on Karate by an unparalleled arthor. An insight into this violent and yet a restraint art and sport. 144 pages with over 700 phosagraphs. 10 pages in color. 8Y/yet $6.50 AIKIDO by Koichi Tohei (9th Degree, Ky-don) The first and only book ever pub- lished and devoted strictly to Aikido, a new and fascinating art A concept of self-defense bascd upon development of the mind through physical techniques. 174 pages with 177 text-photos and 35 full-page photos in black and white and 20 diagrams. TU/gx1 0's $7.95 THIS IS JAPAN by Aschi Shimbun A magnificent annual. A pictorial sour of modern Japan, its culture and its people. Its snforgettable, unsurpassed scenic beauty. 400 pages of art paper with mote than 1000 pictures including 150 lavish color photographs. 10l/gx13. $7.95 Clip and Mail Teday to: Orient Express Co. 158 West Adams Blvd., Los Angeles 7, California Enclosed Ie = cash, check or money order) for books checked: (What ts Kurate? CJAtkido Canon of Judo (This is Japan Name, se Addrest, = oe i iLETTERS TO THE INTERESTED IN JUD0 I have just finished reading your second edition of wuack wet, and al: though [am not a member of any Judo club, I find your magszine very interesting, informative, and construc- tive, have been interested in Judo for some time, but situated where I am I Ihave not had the opportunity ta par tic) Pvould appreciate it very much if ‘you would put me on your maifing list for this magazine, WORD NOT ENOUGH I cannot add my personal pleasure relative to your new magazine, BLACK BELT, as time and words are not enough. Tecan and. will, however, add "well done" and hope that you may be able to fill in the missing words of admiration. ‘SPECIAL BINDERS ‘When I purchased your magazine 1 ‘was simply: put in awe by its content; sunfortunately 1 missed your fist two issues—which brings me to the pur ‘of this letiee Tean hardly wait until you announce when we will beable to Obtain speci! Binders for our atack Bult magazines om Angeles, Callfotal DETROMT JUDO CLUB 1am a member of the Detroit Judo Chub and would like to subscribe to your magazine. T run across 2 copy of ‘your magazine at the dojo and would like to see a few other copies 1 am enclosing a $3.00 check for the ten copies mentioned on the back of the book, T hope T can interest our high school library ina pear subscrip. tion, 1 teach at the Edsel Ford High School Vaguin Bad eet Sich LIKES BLACK BELT Your magazine SLACK BELT has aroused considerable interest in Judo dircles here in Cape Town and, as 2 6 EDITOR result, the Grading Panel of the West- em Province Amateur Judo Associa~ tion have decided to subscribe to ‘We would like to assure you of our co-operation, and if you should be in terested in the progress which Judo has made in this part of the world, and the say in which it i taught and én- couraged, please do-not hesitate to say $0; we would with pleasure lt you have an article and pechaps photographs. ‘We look forward to seeing futher issues of this excellent magazine. JDO DIRECTORY Find enclosed $1.00 for issues #1 & 3 of Vol. I. Could you please give me some information conceming’ the Aikido dojo (gym) in Los Angeles, 1 am studying Aikido under T/Sgt. Rob- cet Danza (Ist Degree, Sho-dan) Ai- kido) at McGuire AFB, and hope to be coming bick to the west coast this T think a directory of all Karate, Jado, and Aikide dojos (gym oF school) in US by your magazine would be a real success T enjoy youe magazine very much and hope that as time goes on yous ar ticles will become mote professional ‘A possible idea for 2 special depert- ‘ment to appear in cach issue is to have vatious degree judoiste explain the technique of theie favorite throws with pictures and their own personal ct fue. Mt. Hols New Berney BEGINNERS BOOKS ‘You have 2 fine magazine and the pastor of our church, my buddy, an army chaplain, my Sunday Schoo! stu dents and Lenjoy the articles and work bouts in the at of Judo, Glad 2 magazine relating to. the ‘grand sport has finally arrived. Could you have & good historical article in each issue on the origin of Ju Jutsu, Karate, and Aikido, as well as more oc some of the old timers who did so much to develap the art ‘One more request ...a good list of books for the beginners, students, as well as advance students, Also any ‘worthwhile book reviews pertaining to the glory of our sport Chartes H Buxton tintin, Ma RECOMHENDS BOOK Yesterday I bought the April issue of BLACK RELY. I enjoyed the maga- zine very much, I congratulate you on your wonderfull new magazine. T have fbeen Tooking for a magazine wit ma- teil om the martial ais of te Orient for sometime now, and your magazine just what T was looking for. T have studied Judo for sometime now, and liked your articles on Judo. Now I have become interested i Ke rate and Aikido. Your magazine will come in handy in studying these ass I thank you for having articles on these subjects. [have bought the book, “Ka- rates the Are of Empty Hand Fight ing’ If anyone is interested in Karate, recommend this book, ‘Wehard A. Milburn Springfield, So. PROMOTING UNDERSTANDING of the Kajukenbo Self-Defense ‘astitute Emperado Method, Kenpo Karate, of the Hawaiian Islands highly congratulate you and your staff for your undying efforts in promoting good understanding and open-mindedness among all Martial Arts, Someday through your magazine and faithful followers of Self-Defense, we will prove our goal to the public, through rnovies and television that Martial Arts ff Self-Defense are aot learned for the purpose of evil doings but for the de Fense of our country, our loved ones, and ourselves in time of need, May we all be inspiced by our Almighty God. SUBSCRIBER Your January issue of MACK RELT impressed me greatly, so am sending for a year’s subscription ta your fine ‘magazine hope you will continue to have theexcellent source of information on the various arts in your magazine, Could you please tell me how I might obtain 2 book about Karate called “Kit rate, the Art of Empty Hand Fight ing by Hidetaka Mishiyama and Rich ard C. Brown p WANTS. INFO I would like to know if you have any information on the Karate Instnuc tors in the Camden, New Jersey or Philadelphia, Pa. area ‘Who are they. and where are they located? T am studying out of a book bout like to get fist hand instructions. oh ‘Trost iadelpaa ‘ FINE 108 1 would like to congratulate you and the staff for doing a fine job in em- phasizing the values of the various ‘martial arts in your magazine. Iti one of the most sincere magazines I have fever come across, | was very much im pressed that your magazine stresses the Tepomane mid nd pad de opment as wall os phys develo tent. As a student in Aikido, [know Your mapizine will help we've 1 Iindestanding thls a Jupo SCHOOL For a long time a magazine of the type and quality of LACK pELT has bbeen needed, Congratulations on. file ing 2 long standing void én the sports magazine field, Unfortunately, I missed your fst is- suc, but I thoroughly enjoyed the Jan “62 volume. OF special interest to me was the editorial. It was both effective and appropriate. Tam extremely interested in Karate and sport Judo. Please inform me of any judo or karat in my a jo of Karate schools im my area sang BOS, ew Pa ‘CONGRATULATES US am very happy to be able to get a ‘magazine on the martial arts. It is good to have some authorities to turn to in prssing knowledge inthe martial as have received a lot of literature on self-defense and I am happy to find ‘many of the authors that I have hi regard for have appeared in your mag- | congratulate you on your fine mag- azine, and I wish you continued suc- Soetie, Ortgen LIKES BLACK BELT T have been shown your second sue of the aLack BELT Magazine, and after reading it I'm convinced” that someone has finally come around with some honest information and good reading material about Karate, Judo and the other arts, and may T say it's about time! Having read some "textbooks" T wonder how they ever got published rmuch less sell in the amount they do. ‘CONTINUED ON NEKT PAGE UNIFORMS HIGHEST QUALITY- 100% COTTON LOWEST PRICE » * SIZES - 0 TO 5 COMPLETE SETS, EXTRA PANTS, BELT * KARATE UNIFORMS - 100% COTTON, SIZES 2 TO 5 * BOOKS - JUDO, KARATE, AIKIDO NOZAWA TRADING, INC. 232 EAST 2nd STREET, LOS ANGELES 12, CALIFORNIABACK ISSUES OF BLACK BELT For those who missed our first few issues and who wish to complete their Black Belt li- brary, we are pleased to an- ounce back copies are now available. Send 50 cents to ad- dress below, This sum will cover handling and mailing for each issue you may have missed. BLACK BELT, INC. 2604 South Hill Street los Angeles 7, California WILSHIRE JIU JITSU DOJO {Shidore Yonogt Ru) 1932 West Seventh stret {or Angeles 57, Colt "WU 308i 62 A s0ft style suited to all ages for defense ond confidence Re JUDO SUITS + KARATE SUITS cat ft ice hy Honda Atsociates, Inc. 4 Wess a 5 Nw Tort, he it fae Ca Someone could get badly hutt follow- ing their “instructions” as they only explain the basic steps, % of the way if that much. ‘Thanks again for a mach too long in coming magszine. BD. R Condes atte cextind 1 ter reading your magazine BLACK ety, we recommended: that all oor students subscribe to support your fine book. Beata inde Acad Bpattshes Washington BACK ISSUES Just recently did Inotice BkacK BELT fon the magazine rack, and I missed the first issue. Could you supply me with the first issue as don't want to miss aa issue Of BLACK BEET. Wealey 1. Stowers ‘Waynenbure, Virginia MORE ARTICLES ON KARATE ‘After reading the Second edition of BLACK BELT I must say I have never read a more comprehensive publica- ats, I have read many books and publications on self defense—mostly on karate which iy field of concenteation, As an ama- teur karate-ka with about 8 months study, I would like to say that Twill Took forward to your future editions and would like to suggest mote ati- ces on karate, Vincgnt Narre ‘Raw ork NEW SUBSCRIBER Just a note to let you know how gla Tam that « magazine of this calibre is now available to the public. Enclosed check for my subscription; I cer: don’t want to take a chance of missing your ‘magazine on the news stands, T should be very grateful if you ‘would tell me where I may obtain a copy of Master Tohei's book on Aic Kido. In closing, may T wish your maga: sine continued success we paltimore ENIOYED BLACK BELT Enjoyed your book, Keep up the good work. I'm the assistant instructor at the Albany Association of Karate and rated as a Nickyu. Sometime, if possible, please print a list of all Ka- fate lbs and ‘isis hat you now of, At any time that our group imAlban can help plese le snow. ‘Thank you and best of fuck. albuaye Net ork DDECENT MAGAZINE 1 foe sal oar ond ame of BLACK BELT and was dé ee that someone has a come sd and pat out a decent magae zine on the sport of judo and karate. Wish you all the best of luck with, Your pew maguzing. gerald Lacks ‘orsington, Comte LUCKY ACCIDENT aun gu aoa ios of your excellent magazine quite by acci- deat, a very lucky accident. T was most impressed by the choice of ails and the leat way in which they were presented. It is most refresh- ing to read material on the Japanese martial arts that stress the ‘spicitual value and the hard work involved to suceeed in these atts Please tell Dr. Warner that as an exeplaton leader of Rangers am far iat with bravery, but the faz shown in prcoeding in ie tot difficult task fill me with the utmost adenieation eter Hamtiton, 3. As tested 4 very interested young man, in the Art of Karate, I am writing this letter. I am sorry to say [have been « victim of various books, daiming to have the ability to teach karate. have said, T am a misled individual 25, far as Karate is concerned, T would appreciate your telling me see eld cee rable nen tion ‘wichita, nua MORE INFO 7 T have just bought my frst sack mab (jim, 1962), I ave al ways been interested in all forms of self-defense, This is the first magazine of this type that I've ever seen. Are there any back copies available? Tam subscribing to your magazine. Is there any possible way for me to obtain further instruction or informa- tion on judo, karate, etc, outside of this magazine? Charten #. Vanco ‘SEEING INTO ONE'S OWN NATURE Me, William C. €. Hu, in a secent article in BlacB Belt, has indicated that the tradition of Buddhism into China by Bodhidharma (Daruma) is w founded in fact. ‘The evidence whi Mr. Hu deduces for his statement is indisputable, and I quite agree with,him that a new understanding of the philosophy and background of the an- Cient martial arts is long overdue “'faasmuch as one would like to be- lieve that Daruma was the founder of Karate, and that Ch’an or Zen is the essence,” writes Mr, Hu, “nevertheless it must be refuted. On one hand, Bud- his is a non-violent religion, and i disinterested in worldly. attainments; and on the other hand, « highly devel- oped form of Kempo, or popularly called Kung-fu, was already in exist cence before his arrival.” (Black Belt, Vol, I, No, 3, pp. 12-12) Mr. H's evidence for this statement is the literature of the Han dynasty (Han-séu isoencbib) in which. the work SBoa-pa, 2 treatise on fist ight- ing, mentioned. Thir work was prob ably writen sometime before the ad» ‘vent of the Christian era in the Wett! and it becomes, accordingly, she fit restive on tbe discipline that evolved a: Kempo or Kung-fu. 1 thiok there Can be little doubt that Mr. Hu is cor- rect in stating that Kempo or Kung-fu existed in a highly developed form be- fore the introduction of Buddhism into China by Bodhidharma about A. D. 520; and in this respect there «an be rno-question but that the discipline that ly evolved as Karate is of Chinese But if we think of Karate in terms of its philosophic background and re- ligious associations, a, more important consideration would be, not wheber Kempo or Kung-fu existed in China before the coming of Buddhism and Bodhidharma, but what happened to the existing “fist-way" as 1 result of the impact of Buddhism, particularly of the Zen variety, Here again Mr. Ha has given us 2 most promising lead "The teem Karate,” he wes, "is co0n- prised of two Chinese characters, Kent, Or in Chinese, T'ang, and Te or Sbow. The first word denotes anything that is of Chinese origin as the T'ang dynasty, 618-960. A.D., is revered as an Age of Enlightenment, The second word, Te, simply means hand or fists.” (Black Bell, Val. I, No. 3. P. 10) “We know of course that the popular interpretation of ‘Karate ay hand’ is a result of the evolution of the word Kara in Japanese, a word which means, on ose hand, “China,” and on the other, “empty.” Buti not significant that the word. Kara should suggest not merely "China" but empty,” the latter word in its more vextended form of sanyata, or "em ness," being one of the key words in the Buddhist lexicon? Moreover, I find i semantically interesting if not histor ically accurate to associate the Chinese ‘word T'ang not merely with everything which is revered as of Chinese origin, but also with the fowering of Zen dur ing an age of Enlightenment. For En- lightenment (saiori) was precisely what Eno (A.D. 638-713) experienced on Yellow Plum mouttain during the Trang dynasty of age of Enlightenment itl Te labored with his “empty” hands. Eno, Sixth Patriarch of Zen Buddhism, fed a life of menial. bor at Yellow Plum mountain, where he hud followed the master in search of Enlightenment. ‘Let us remember that Eno was em: ployed at menial labor as a “ric pounder” and "wood-splitter” at the monastery at Yellow Plum mountain Let us remember too that his se/ori of Enlightenment, the essence of which hae later described as seeing intio one's um nature, occurted during the T'ang dynasty and amidst the daily routine of ‘work which consisted of rice pounding and wood splitting. Could the Chinese words Kung-fu have any association with the fact that Eno's spiritual i sight occurfed in the routine occupa- tions of the day? Could it be that Eno the “wood:splitter” found in the rou the source of spit itwal enlightenment? Could he have Found in splitting wood and pounding ice a Kungfu, of way of mastering ‘work, which, when associated with the trditional Kempo or fis-way, coald have made the latter a significant part of the Zen discipline ? Teannot of course answer these ques- tions, but I hope that somcone ‘ith better academic equipment than I pos- sess will be interested enough to fol- low out these suggestions. At least we know that Eno, who lived during the flowering of the T'ang dynasty, repre sents a decisive turning point’ in the history of Zen Buddhism, When asked what he had learned at Yellow Plum mountain, Eno replied: “My master hhad no special instruction to give; he simply insisted upon the need of sce- ing. into our own nature through out own efforts; he had nothing to do with meditation, of with deliveruace. For whatever can be named leads to dual- ism, and Buddhism is not dualistic. To take hold of this non-duality of truth is the aim of Zen, The Buddhs-nature Of which we are all in possession, and the seeing into which constitutes Zea, is indivi. ino such epponiont 8 and evil, eteral_ and temporal, Several aod spiritual. To see dualism in life is due to confusion of thought; the wise, the enlightened, see into the reality of things unhampered by erro- sncous ideas.” ‘The essence of Zen to Eno was see- ing into one's own netnre, and 30 we must ask ourselves how it is possible to see into one's own nature simply by splitting wood and pounding rice. We ave found in our etymological wan dlerings that Kara means “empty’* and ‘Te means “hand.” But apparently Eno CONTINUED ON PAGE 63 FillsThe Champ, unaware, moved simultaneously. Suddenly, he realized the trap... but it was too late. Founder of Aikido NE MORNING in the early 1900's a small village located on the outskirts of Tokyo, Japan, was filled with commotion, Not since the era of the roaming “samurai (warriors) had the village been in such a frenzy, Sporadic shouts rang throughout the community 10 ‘What's his name?” "Is he the mighty Wakayama’s fencer?” “Is he challenging our hero?" As the sun rose over the moun- tains upon the village, not a soul was working in the rice paddies This was unusual. Nomally the village was quiet and deserted. Only the cats and dogs occupied the dusty roads. Men, women, and children tended their rice paddies from dawn to dusk. Even the ba- bies joined their mothers who had them strapped to their backs But today the villagers rallied around their great champion who was challenged by a young upstast from Wakayama, They all anticpated the upstart would be an other victim on the long list of their champion. The willage’s heeo had met and defeated all comers throughout the country but never before had he fought in his own village. Instead, he had wandered from place to place seeking his op- ponents. For the first time now, his worshippers would see him in ac tion As the crowd waited impatiently for the challenger to appear, some one yelled at their hero, “Tell us about your last duel! The champ, who was slightly built with patches of gray hair on the sides of his head, spoke softly: "TLL always remember the Last chal- lenger because he almost beat me He was built like a bull but was not quick with his hands. He tried MASTER MORIHEI UYESHIBA, to wear me down, but I was'a lit tle too fast for him." As the champ walked toward a high smooth rock to sit on, an- other question was directed to hie: "What do you think of this swords- man From Wakayama 2" He slowly turned and faced the person who had spoken, paused for 2 moment, wet his lips with his tongue, and deliberately re- uplied: “From what I have heard, he is young, strong; and skillful with his sword.” No sooner had he answered one question before another was start- ed, For awhile the crowd forgot about the challenger as they lis- tened avidly to their leader. But as the sun cose directly overhead and beat upon their bare heads, they felt uneasy, Sweat formed on their foreheads and rolled down their necks. But to show respect for their leader, they dared not move to a cooler spot. Once every few min- utes someone would shield his eyes with his hand and look as far down the road as possible. .. impatiently looking for the challenger The Challenger Appears It was noon when finally a dis- tant figure was sighted. Whether he was the challenger, no one knew. He was dressed in a black w “kimono” (Japanese robe-like dress), A wide round hat resem- bling’ a basket tilted on his head. ‘And a pair of “geta"” (high wood- cen sandals) protected his feet from the dusty, hot road. ‘As the traveler approached the crowd, anxious faces registered de- jection. Their foreheads wrinkled Their eyes squinted. And their mouths curled, “This couldn't be him,” the murmured with disgust. ‘The stranger, who could easily be mistaken for a "sumo-tori” (behemoth Japanese wrestler), nonchalantly bowed to them and cheerfully introduced himselé: "I am Morihei Uyeshiba from Waka- yama, I£ you would pardon me, could I put aside my gear before wwe start?” ‘The champ nodded with ap- proval. The facial expressions of the villagers changed from dejection ‘A mural of Master Uyeshiba hangs today in the Aikido Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan, to near hilarity. While the chal- lenger placed his gear underneath a tree, the people chuckled and commented among themselv “He's too fat, he'll be butchered. After removing his hat and pair of “geta", the youthful challenger, who used a thin string to strap the baggy kimono to his body, trotted to the center of the unpaved road Tn his right hand he carried his fa vorite "bokken” (wooden sword) He stopped about six paces from his elder opponent and bowed. They both drew their bokkens. The match was on, To Witness the Slaughter The noisy crowd suddedly hushed. With eyes opened wide and jaws drooping, the cir tomplcteattenion on both swords men. Tt was 2 long wait for them to witness the impending slaugh- ter. Only the cool breeze, carryingthe fetid odor of manure from the rice fields, prevented them from going into a trance. ‘The first few minutes were vety dull. Both men, with sword drawn, stood motionless, Then unexpect- edly the challenger raised his bok- keen over his head and ripped the sword directly to the champ’s head. The champ, at the last split sec- ond, side-stepped the blow and countered. But Morihei blocked the thrust. The sound of solid wood clash- ing, “tok” and an “ugh” from both fighters, shattered the stillness of the air. But the flurry ceased as abruptly as it started, Both men again stood motionless, sizing each other up. Up to now the match was even. But this waiting under the ton sun was taking its toll. Morihei felt his throat burning and his arms getting heavy. Sweat trickled into his eyes and rolled down his back. His kimono was damp and sticky. He felt miserable .... so mis- erable that he wanted to tear his garment off, But amidst the dis- comfort, he kept repeating to him- self: “Be areal, be careful, don’t be duped." ‘By chance Morihei noticed that the champ was blinking in the sun- light. “What luck," he uttered to himself, Whereupon he conceived a plan. If he could attack the in- stant his rival's eyes blinked, he feltshe could penetrate his defense. Slowly and cautiously he positioned himself so that his back was to- ward the sun, casting a shadow in front of him, “The champ, unaware, moved si- multaneously, Suddenly he realized the trap... . but it was too late. Morihei, bellowing, “ee-ci!!" that sent chills through the spines of theonlookers, smashed his sword at the side of his opponent's head, stopping the blow just before con- tact. A clean cut. The village hero dejectedly conceded defeat and bowed to the new champion. Governor William Quinn of Hawai! welcomes Masier Uyeshiba and his top pupils, Left to right: Gov. Quinn, Masters Uyeshiba, Nobuyoshi Tamura, 61h degree (roku-danl, and Keichi Tohel, 9th degree (ku-dan}..The crowd stood still. They couldn't believe it. They just gaped and stared at each other silently. In @ moment one of them, who had regained his senses, shouted, “Banzai!” (husrah!) And the rest whooped in unison, "Banzai! Ban- zai to thenew champion. ‘Moribei put on his pair of “geta’ and proudly headed for the tree where he left his gear. The men- folk joined him while the women prepared lunches and drinks. Abundance of ice, fish, meat, tea, and sake were placed before the group, After serving the men and boys the women, conforming to their custom, hurried home with- out a bite. Gouldn’t Eat Any More Morihei drank cup after cup of warm tea and strong sake to quench his thirst and swallowed his food in geeat gulps. He drank and ate as much as three persons. Finally he could not eat any more. He was so bloated that he could hardly sit One of the rare phato of Master Uyeshiba in his younger years. up. As he leaned against the tree he felt the cold, damp garment on his back, giving him goose-pim- 82 year old Master Uyeshiba throws one of his students during his daily ples. He quickly removed the top practice. half of his kimono and began to wring out the perspiration The villagers then got a look at the new conqueror's partially ex- posed body. "He isn't flabby,” they exclaimed, "Look at the bulging flesh rippling in the sunlight.” ‘As Mohihei leaned his bare back against the free, he felt contented Even the odor from the rice pad. dies did not disturb him. The cool breeze, engulfing his bronzed and sweating body, caressed and evap- orated the sweat. Completely re- laxed, he stared into the deep blue sky and watched the clouds play- ing "peck a boo" with the sua. Fi- nally he closed his eyes and began to reminisce.‘Master Uyeshiba displays his skill in Aikido by throwing one of his students with a Katatetori Kokyunage. His Background He recalled his first master in the martial art, Master Tokuzab- uro Tozawa, who taught him Kito- yu (ancient form of Ju Jitsu). He was only a teenager then. But he became so fascinated that he vowed he would spend his life studying all the martial arts to perfection Later at the age of twenty he studied Yagi-ryu (early form of fencing) from Masakatsu Nakai, a small but tough samurai. It was Nakai who really taught his to use the bokken proficiently. small samurai left an everlasting impression on him when he pro- moted the lad to a Black Belt, a symbol of proficiency and respon: sibility. During the Russo-Japanese War (1904-05) Morihei was inducted into the Japanese Army. Although he was extremely huge and short in stature (5! tall and 195 Ibs.), he was an excellent soldier, He was even recommended for cadet training, but he eefused. The steen- uuous basic training of the Japanese Army practically exhausted his whole company by each evening but Morihei almost enjoyed it. He was finally being repaid for his continuous dedication to maintain a strong and healthy body, He clearly remembered how he used to rise carly cach moming to lift heavy rocks and to uproot trees in his path. Survival of the Fittest In his slumber his mind wan- dered to the recent afternoon con- test. He felt sorry for the champ, but he believed in the concept of “survival of the fittest”; as one grows old and slow, he will event- ually facedefeat. Then his thoughts reflected on himself and he be- came quite perturbed. “When will 1 fall?” Just then a gust of cold wind blew upon him and inter- rupted his reverie. He lazily opened his eyes and was astonished to find no one around. “I must have been alone for quite a spell,” he muttered, As he glanced toward Tokyo, he was spellbound by the magnificent sun- set beyond the horizon. ‘The fluffy white clouds tured into deep blaz- i red and illuminated the entire ‘Master Uyeshiba slowly put on his kimono, gathered his belong- ings, and strolled toward the big city, secking another opponent. (In the subsequent issue of Black Belt, the life of Master Uyeshiba ill be continued. Why he turned to religion and how he almost met death will be told.)AIKIDGSs pasic tecHNiQue iro-tori =| them rapidly. This technique is to be used when grab- Ushiro-tori Kokyu nage bed or hugged around the upper part of your body, (Throw from behind) around the shoulders or chest. You must prac and master this technique so that you can go into This technique is very effective when you are attacked the movement instantaneously when your opponent's from behind by several opponents and must throw arms touches your body.The attacker must be able 10 fall correctly or he can sailly injere Bi hasider, OVERHEAD BLOW [Men-Uchi Kokyu-Nage} 1 ‘Attacker leaps in with upraised club, Defender must step forward to meat the attack with arms roised, Do nat step bock! “Kor mantel movement: All move- ment must Be continuous, flowing and circular breaks or stops, Project your mental thought forward, Visvolize a protec tive cushion extending forward from ‘every part of your body. nto abrupt or sharp ight arm must deflect his low. However, do not at- tempt to block your opponent's orm; callow i to slide down your arm, Imagine an unlimited stream of power gushing out of your fingertips wp and into the exiling above. Leop to the rear of your ottacker with your left foot leading. Allow your attacker's blow to continue down: ward with ity own momentum, Your left hand must swing behind the back ef your opponent's neck imilor te bouncing @ bell. This movement must be executed ot the end of the leap. Think of 2 continuous Flow of powar fnot strength) extending up ond then coming straight down, Think of this power extending far below the greund. ‘CONTINUED ON NExT PAGE 1Your sight com moat be emicing your opponent's neck at the end of his downward movement, Your ol- your opponent's neck at the end of facker will attempt to regain his bel- nce by straightening up, At this pre- cite moment. your movement must coincide with his, Stond straight up aand pivot your hips counterclockwise {to your left) Think of the flow of power emerging out of te ground ond extending vp into the V 5 Your opponent's balance will be broken. Step forward with your right foot and throw your attecker to the ground, Think directly behind your opponent end down, 18JAPANESE SWORDSDai Kissaki AUG Long point HE Reconps of Ancient Matters (Kojiki) of old Japan chronicle the teav- els and adventures of the mythical Prince Yamato, founder of the Yamato clan that unified the Japanese Isles. The legendary first emperor, Jimmu Tenno began 4 campaign that started on the is- land of Kyushu in the 3rd or 4th century A.D. His descendantts founded a clan that ruled the Jap- anese Isles for a hundred years. In the mythology of the Japan- ese, Prince Yamato is supposed to have slain an cight-headed dragon after first leading the monster to dink eight buckets of strong wine. ‘When the legendary warrior saw that themonster had become drunk, he plunged a sword into it, splash- ing the fields about him with blood. Then he waited for the beasts life to drain away, and cut the tail off. The Prince found that the dragon was more than just a beast, for ine je the tail there lay a sword of magical properties, enabling the owner to slay anyone or any crea- ture he wished. This sword is en- shrined in Japanese religion as one of three sacred symbols, and means righteousness. Kojiri End cap Tombs dating from the fifth century have been opened, and next to the skeletons of ancient chieftains have been found blades of the Chinese type. They were straight, double-edged, and had the horned pommel. Fragments of much older blades have been traced to the Asian continent, and it is known that many of these old swords had been exported to Jap- an from Korea. While the swords found in the tombs date from the fifth century and before, they were of inferior temper and craftsman- ship. Expensive swords of the Ya- yoi period, AD. 250, have been unearthed, and it is known that these blades were worn by high officials, or farmed warriors. These swords were generally of Chinese pattern and manufacture. The con- tinental sword was used chiefly for stabbing purposes, due to its shape. ‘The swordsman of the period in Japan needed a curved blade, with tremendous cutting power-near the point, to slice through the armor Of the times, The Soga and Mono- nobe, the two most powerful clans of the period, A.D. 400, were con- stantly fighting each other to gain control of the imperial clan, the KATANA J] & TACHI 71 BLADE Imibe. Constant fighting in Japan and across the seas toward Korea found the Japanese swordsmith hard at work, designing a new type of weapon. These early smiths began a process that was to last until the Meiji Restoration in 1868, ‘The two most famous sword- smiths of Japan, Masamune and Yoshimits, worked during the thirteenth and fourteenth centur- ies. The blades of these sword- smiths are now regarded as na tional treasures in Japan, and are preserved in the Tokyo Museum. ‘They remain as bright as the day they were first worn in battle. During the periods of the great wars, known as the Hogen era, the Fujiwara clan was overthrown by the rival clan of the Taira, which was led by Heike-NoKiyomori, a famous Samurai, The Minamoto battled sharply and endlessly with the clan of Kiyomori, and finally succeeded in overthrowing it after the leader of the Taira died in 1181. With the constant fighting among themselves, and the coun- try laid waste by bloodshed and fire, it was only natural that most young men of the period should take fo arms and side with either SAYA Wf Seabbard (Wakizashi)the Minamoto or Taira. The art of making fine blades flourished dur- ing this period. ‘Generally. fighting swords of the Hogen wars did not exceed four feet in length. However, there exist in private collections swords of this era which are six-Feet long Most wartiors used the long bow and left the killing of the wound. ed to foot soldiers. The mounted warriors of great strength and stat- use used the great swords when ck with their enemies. These hugeblades, known as Dai-Katana, were carried unslung and naked in the hands of these grants. By com. parison, horses looked puny when measured against the sight of their rider, dressed in bright armor. After the overthrow of the Fu- jiwara, the country came under the rule of the military. With this, the code of Bushido took precedence ‘over all other classes, and the wear- ing of two swords by the Samurai as a mark of rank became com Pockets for Kozuka and Kogai Kurikata 388 Card knob mon. A short sword, known as a Wakizashi, and a longer sword, perhaps three to four feet long, were always worn together, and the pair were called Daisho, or long-short. The Wakizashi was used for only two purposes by the common Samurai. The first, to be- head an enemy after first geabbing his hair or helmet, and the second, to commit ceremonial disembowel: ment. The only known example of a Samurai using both swords togeth et, as in the European manner, was the famous Miyamoto Musashi, a master of his act. This man trav- led the length and breadth of the Japanese Isles, either improving himself, of to be challenged by 2 rival - ‘The Daito, a Sword considered the favorite weapon of a Samutai, almost iiever exceeded four feet in length, and enabled the swords- man to face his opponent quarly under the rules of conduct outlined Nakago thf; Tang Twuka it Handle |-Mekugi 11ST Bamboo pin ‘Same 8 Skin of the Giant Ray Tuulea ito Ht Handle cordArmoured samurais utes small sword, Wakizashi, to cut throats of struggling mongol invaders. in the code of knighthood, The Samurai spent years mastering the at of fencing, and regarded his blade as his own soul. He would allow no one to touch it, unless he knew theyhad schooled themselves, in the rigid rules of Bushido. The sword never left his side, even while he slept, or while he made love. Even in the coolness of a bath, the sword still stood next to its owner, ready to be used in an instant. Fine examples of famous blades are still revered as heiclooms by old families in Japan, and many of these swords ae authenticated by a family specializing in this fil. for hundreds of years. There are ancient blades that have engraved on them beautiful figures of gods, dragons, and mystical encantations. This in no way increases their val- 4 ue, Sometimes, the engraving had been done to cover or eliminate old scars, or major defects. Swords of great historical importance al- most never are engraved, and the ‘majority of them bear no signa- ture. Under the patronage of the Fujiwara and Taira clans, the stat uus of the swordsmith climbed, Blades that once were made for a purpose, now became ornaments, especially under the Fujiwa Owners now had their names en- graved on the tang, testers stated that the blade had undergone rigid trials, and had surpassed them. IF the sword were to be dedicated to a certain shrine, the name of the shrine was placed in gold on the tang. Had the blade beheaded two men with one stroke? This fact was recorded on the tang, if it had done so, It is said of the famed swordsmith Masamune, that to draw one of his blades clear of the scabbard (Saiya) was to invite im- medaite Bloodshed, as his swords were supposed to have a life of their own, ‘There are paintings which show the foregoing blades being used. During the Mongolian invasion of the Japanese Isles in 1281, men of high and low status mobilized under the leadership of Hojo Tokimuna and fought the invad- ers during the summer months. Although the Mongols used the longbow extensively, they could not match the superior steel and rigid training of massed Samurai. The second invasion by Mongol forces also resulted in dismal failure, Struggling, armoured Samurai are pictured cutting: the throats of the invaders with the‘Wakizashi, while other scenes show evidences of the longer sword. ‘The shape of the blades under- went very little change in 1700 years. Some were made wider, some thicker, but the general con- figuration of the blade remained the same, The illustration shows blades of different periods with their various makers. Only an ex pert can tell the period or the maker of these blades, Generally, blades that are narrow are either, of great age, having been polished many times, or were made for court functions. Blades that are wide and thick may be considered as fighting swords, to allow for the removal of scratches and macks made by striking hard ob- CONTINUED TO PAGE 64SELF DEFENSE FOR WOMEN Ja this issue two techniques on Selé Defense for ‘Women will be discussed. Both are used when grabbed and held with your arms pinned to the side by your assailant. The second of the techniques is more technical and requires a greater degree of practice. ‘The most important point to. remember when you are grabbed —do not panic thereby tensing up. RELAX! It is easier for your assailant to hold a rigid (tense) person. Let your arms and shoulders hang loosely. Don’t expend your time and energy trying to escape by struggling against a more stronger opponent. REMEMBER YOUR FEET ARE FREE! If held too tightly a sudden kick to your assailant’s shin or instep can distract his attention and loosen his grip momentarily. DO THE UNEXPECTED! There was a case where a woman confronted in just such a predicament snuggled closer to her assailant, turned, smiled sweetly, and murmured, "hello." ‘This so surprised her assailant unyielding and struggling momentatily confused so he relaxed. At this pre- cise moment the woman suddenly made her move and escaped. Spitting in your opponent's face as he draws you dlose may seem anladylike but can prove efetire to dampen his ardour. a These tehaignes will iSee ARCENS GE pS conscientiously, ‘They will provide one with some degree of self-confidence. However, always bear in mind that there is no substitute for active participa- tion in a school, club, or group for self defense under 4 competent instructor. Always remember that a man is generally stronger physically. Your best defense is staying away from areas of trouble; if this is not possible, keep calm, avoid futile struggling, and do the unexpected, Once you are free from your assailant's grasp, RUN! SCREAM! Do not think that you can control your assailant indefinitely. If your sasailant is after your purse, throw your purse. Remember it is easier to replace your purse and all its contents than to sustain injuries or to re- place your life. 26 When grabbed remein calm. Do not pons Relax. Disses Busalonts attention I held too tightly. A sudden hick to hit 4h te, De the wnexpectod. When your eusllant is diodes, pl half @ itp. Turn our hip dockwive ‘nin around shrply. Concenirate om moving your hips. Forge Your shaeidars I your hips turn, your feleraly fallow. ‘ilThis is the first in the series on Karate appearing in this and sub- sequent istwes of BLACK BELT. It is hoped that these articles will provide all enthusiasts with broad. er insight om the varions aspects of Karate. This series is not intended for mere explanation of the art but they will be actual method of training. Each phate must be mas- tered before one continue 10 she next, ‘THE CONCEPT OF KARATE: Karate ir an art of self-defense. It utilizes the most effective and logical use of the entire body and the bare hands and bared fists, It is an art whose basic forms consists of punching (Tsuki), striking (Uchi), and kicking (Keri) ‘The ultimate objective is not the mastery of a physical art to- ‘overcome one’s opponents . . « there is no victory or defeat, The ultimate aim of Karate is for the development of one’s character through arduous training. INTRINSIC VALUES OF KARATE: It has been proven beyond any doubt that Karate is an effective art of self defense. Its basic forms ‘of punching, striking, and kick ing when systematically practiced, ‘can be devastating The Form (individual training) ‘of the art, attack and sparring, hhas become increasingly popular in recent years. This has been due to the beauty, form, speed, and ex citement of Karate. Furthermore, Karate is con: sidered to be extremely effective for developing maximum éo- ordination of the entire body. The increased popularity of Ka- rate has also been due to, simple reason that its method of train: can be easily adapted to each in- dividual, regardless of age, phy- sique, or even person HISTORY OF KARATE: Karate is certainly not a new sport or fad. Karate is a culmination of num- erous improvements. Karate de. veloped through the efforts of in- numerable past masters and ex perts, In 1600 a form of Chinese boxing was introduced to Oki- nawa. This form underwent many changes; it became the basis of “Okinawa-te” or “Okinawa-to.” However, it was not until 1922 that Karate was introduced to Ja- pan by Gichin Funakoshi, the Chairman of the Shobukai (Mar- tial Arts Association) of Oki nawa. In Japan Karate was sy tematized; code of ethics and dis- cipline which was prevalent in the other Japanese martial arts was incorporated into the introduced art, This system has become the essence of the modetn Japanese Karate Tt was under the guidance of Funakoshi that Japan Karate As- sociation was organized. ‘Through the tireless effort of this organ- ization the art of Karate has spread throughout the world. The misconception of this art is being corrected. Karate is becoming ac- 29j cepted in many countries as an ef- fective physical culture as well as a sport, RULES OF KARATE TRAINING: 1. Perseverance In order to become an expert Karateist, one must persevere. ‘When training without actual op- ponents, training may seem sim- ple and monotonous . . . interest is easily lost. Yet, it is by per- severing in the basic forms that one can attain his initial goal. A beginner of Karate must be so enthused that Karate is on his mind at all times. There are some who after initial enthusiasm has worn off lose interest and quit with a thought that Karate is another meaningless venture. Ie is unfortunate if one starts Karate and quits without attain. ing the satisfaction which only Karate can give . . . through the 80 mastery of the actual art and the understanding of its profound meaning. Ranks in Karate is not given, It is earned through one’s own in- itiative. One must train. . . teain in before he can acquire a black belt. Through conscientious training, it can be attained in a relatively short time. Therefore, persevere! 2._Be Serious One trains in Karate with an imaginary opponent, Despite this fact training must be in camnest, Every muscle must be brought in- to play with each punch or kick This is known as "Kime" or “Focus” (Pinpoint concentration of strength). Each punch or kick must be de- livered with the maximum speed and feeling by utilizing total avail- able energy. A Karateist will never understand the essence of Karateif he teams. just the mastery of am and leg movements... he must feel and become a part of each movement. ‘There is no room for horseplay in Karate, especially during spar- sing. One must be alert at. all times; being off guard for a frac- tion of a second can lead to in- jury. There are relatively few ine juries since training is conducted seriously. 3. ‘Det int the True Mea Karate The techniques of Karate are plentiful. The punch alone consists of ten or more techniques with approxi- mately fifty forms (Katas). To at- tempt to master all of these with. in a very short time is impossible, There are no- shortcuts in Ka- rate. One must not be misled and imitate other's accomplishments ig of without first mastering the basic fundamentals. One must master each technique thoroughly. Do not become im- patient. Study all steps of each technique. Learn all its applica- tions until movement becomes completely automatic. If one strives to master each technique, subsequent techniques will be casier to learn, If one hurries through his training, the entire performance will become sloppy. In conclusion, on the most im portant principle in Karate is . one must not cultivate a false sense of bravery. The first lesson in Karite is learning, self-control and getting along with your fel low man, Without this training in Karate is meaningless, "To harbor a false sense of bravery and to bully one's way is a result of losing one’s self con- trol. This is detrimental to the de- velopment of one's character. SINCE ITS BEGINNING IT HAS BEEN SAID... KARATE BEGINS WITH COURTESY AND END WITH COURTESY. Development of sense of fair play and moral ethics has always been considered of greater impor- tance than the flawless execution of the techniques, This is consiste ent with the aim of Karate... it is the development of human character through disciplined trainin, Gretines is manifested by a Karateist who has gone through life without once resorting to his art for self defense. 31e KARATE A. FRONTAL GRAB WITH BOTH HANDS ‘The citacker lunges toward you. through wih the sight elbow ‘elbow strike) to your op- chin. Your left fist must be 19 position (near ‘your hip) during the elbow 32, Step back with your left foot, Bring both arms up within your opponer extended arms. As your arms are brought up, swing them sharply out- ward ta force your opponents arms ‘ewoy from you, This will elso throw your attacker off balance. Note: Maintain strong balance, i.e., stand flat-footed,etcB, REAR HAND GRAB & TWIST i Strike your attacker's foce with a Keep your arm relaxed, Swing the re erste teiken Uchibe fear ae gm eed, Seng the Bock Fist Strike (Riken-Uci) thet is being held, cround into your Alvoys rofete your body in ‘opponent. That is, rotate or cutt into ‘direction which would ease the pres: Your alteeker. sure on the writ,fatake and Yukiso Yamamoto of Hawaii Aiki Kei greet K. Tohei upon his arrival to Hawai = aBY ROBERT WELLS FIRST EASTERN COLLEGE JUDO CHAMPIONSHIP On Palm Sunday, April 13th, the largest college Judo tournament’ ever held in the United States took place at the Tremont Sthool of Judo and Ju- Jitsu in New York City’s Bronx. Ei nine Judo players from 21 coleges all over the country came in to New York to com en the Fit Eastern College ‘ournament argest previ- s—the Pie ‘Coat ad drawn about 50 yes cach in 1953 and 1954, PuBtim Sunday war 2 day of temps for the Brown Belt Judo players of Ohio State University. Theie three-man team outpointed teams from eight oth ce colleges to take the East Coust's Col- lege Judo Team Championship’ for 1962. Wie Libbe, the Buckeyes’ 2354. Ik- ‘kyu, Fought through a day of rugged competition to become the Eastern Col- lege Brown Belt Champ, and the East- een College All-Kyu Champ, He then went into a match against Ron Hoffman, the Black Belt 4 17-year-old 170-Ib. Nidan from Southern Illinois University. After few minutes of cautious feeling-out Libbe scored with a right-side foot sweep (De Ashi Harai) to become the frst College Judo Champion of the East Coast The Palm Sunday shiai was also the cccasion of the countey’s first intercol: egiate Judo competition between wor ‘en, Sandra Hamilton, a Shodan from the University of Chicago, took the East Coast Women's College title. The tournament was organized by the Eastern College Jodo Committes, and conducted by the leading Black Belts of the New York Judo Yudan- shakai, Kenneth Freeman, Yodan, the 36 ‘Yudanshakai President, was the tour- nament’s chief oficial, Mamoru Sti ‘unji, Godan, was the senior referee, fad Antonie’ Pereira, Disector of the ‘Tremont School, was host. “The College Committee was Formed of Judo- players and instructors from colleges in New York, New Jersey and le Island, After’ the tournament the Eastern College Judo Association was formed, taking ‘in college Judo clubs from New England through Lou- isiana, Robert Wells, 1 New York City journalist, was elected Presidect. The new association will work to spread cpllege Judo on the East Coast and to make Judo an intercollegiate varsity sport. It will probably become the eastern arm of the national college Judo association when that organiza tion is formed in May, after the Ai Force Academy's national college tou rament. ‘The contestants in the Palm Sunday tournament were matched in their Belt classes as Lightweights, Middleweights and Heavyweights (150 to 180 pounds, below that and above it), Sixth, Fifth and Fourth Kyus played as White Belts, Third, Second and. Fisst Kj played as Brown, The weight division ‘winners competed for their Belt cham- fiemips, and the White Belt and own Belt Champs played-off for All- Kyu Champion, The All-Kyu Champ thea the Black Belt Champ for the Eastern College Judo Champion ship of 1962. This was the route taken by Libbe on his way to the to ‘An impressive line-up of Judo men refereed the tournament. Mr. Saigonji ‘was aided by Messrs, Kobayashi, Shiina and Yonesuks, Godans, Messrs. Wat. anabe, Yamamoto, Matsumoto and Freeman, Yodans, and Messrs. Honda and Kauz, Sandans ‘Mr. Saigonji said afterward that the aggressiveness and fighting spirit of the contestants were the best he had seen in this country, Judo men from as far away as California agreed that the tournament was one of the bestcon- ducted shiais they had ever attended. ‘The action started with the White Belts at 11:30 Palm Sunday morning, and lasted until the end of the team matches at 4:30 that afternoon. From the very first the matches were being finished with clean points before their thniors Boe | mits always the sign of 2 joi. During the entire ay the contestants played hard and fast, and for the most part even the ‘White Belts did not stift-arm each oth et into immobility. The boys—and the gitls—were not afraid to get into mat Work, and many matches were won on. the ground. A number of White Belts ‘were choked a brilliant red, although for some reason none of the higher ranking players attempted any arm ioe (White Belt unl Green Belo, ‘of course, were forbidden to. The throws used most daring the day were Tai Otoshi_ (Forward Body Drop), Harai Goshi (Sweeping Loins), snd © Soto Gari “(Major Reaping Throw to the rear), although one the White Belts threw his opponent the fall length of the mat with a clas- sic Tomoenage (Somersault Throw). ‘A majority of the throws, regardless ‘what kind they were, were carried through into makikomi, an indication ‘of the fighting spirit of the contestants. ‘When the loung ladies came out on to the mat they were watched with great interest, for it was the first timeHitoshi Tanaka of Columbia drops:Vie Libbe of Ohio State for Ye point. However, Libbe goe: on to defeat Tanaka with a scarf hold, Frank Zaffino of Newark College of Engineering throws opponent to mat, Norm Jackman of CCNY throws Ed ir Force Academy gitls had ever competed in a college shiai, As girls usually do, they seemed too much aware of the audience to have the concentration needed for 2 ‘good contest. They sometimes seemed embarrassed aid as a rule did not theow themselves into their techniques ‘At one point, however, a White Belt came in for a hip throw against Kay Russell, 4 Green Belt from the Univer: sity of ‘Chicago, Miss Russell girl, bounced her attacker of her hip and with a curiously detached attitude rolled hee high and over in an Utsuri Goshi_ (Switching Tip Throw) for + clean and perfect Ippon. Sandra. Ham ilton’s superior technique dominated the field, however, and she took the ‘Women’s East Coast College Judo ti- tle for 1962. One of the prettiest throws of the day came in the finals for the White Belt trophy, Norm Jackman, 149-1. “Yonkyu from the City College of New ‘York, was playing Middieweight Cham- ppion Young, Gokyu, from the Air Force Academy. The two went after each other with determination, the af Jackman showing considerable speed in getting into techniques and in shifting into combinations. Suddenly Jackman was inside Young's hips in an Jippon Scoi Nage (Shoulder Throw) foung came off the mat and Jackman dove into makikomi, whipping. the ‘Airman high over his head and down fonto the mat for 2 full point. Pethaps the most exciting moment of the day came during the Light- ‘weightHervyweight play-offs for the Brown Bele trophy. Hitoshi Tanaka, 149elb, Ikkyu from Columbia Univer: sity, was up against Vie Libbe of Ohio State, Taha ike Jackman, elied on speed, wrapping himself around Li Bos legs for Murai Gosh right and lett and O Soto Garis to the rear. The big man was solid on his feet, and ab though ‘Tanaka sometimes made him stumble he could never really break his balance. Libbe played cautiously, svth a Few tres at Cot sweeps aad © Soto Gari. After about a minute-and- arhalf of the three mimute match he caught one of Tanaka's fect with sweep and dropped him on his side for 2 half-point. Tantka got up and redoubled his atta ‘Then, as Libbe came in for what seemed to be 2 left-side hip throw, Tanaka of Columbia defeats Lyddane of Air Force Academy fo win Brown Belt Lightweight Title. Vic Libbe of Ohio Stat Coast College Jude Champion of 1982. Coeds also. legit ipated in the cok journament. 37Shiing, Sth degree, Godan, referees the competition in the Black Belt Division. Tanaka countered with a sweep. The big man came off the ground and slimmed into the mat with a resound. ing crash. Ie looked like the good litle ‘man had beaten the good big man, and the crowd went wild. But referee Yo- rnesuka shook his head "No”—the fall ‘was not clean enough for a full point He called it Waza-ati (half-point) and the watch was tied up. In the final minute Libbe knocked ‘Tanaka off balance with another sweep and drove in on top of him for mit work. He held him for 30 seconds with a ceushing Kesa Gatame (Scarf Holding) and the referee called "Ip- P The Black Belt competition started cout fast and hard. In less than 30 sec- ends Bruce oups, a shott and solid Shodan from Louisiana State Univer sity, wrapped up Ted Yamashita, a short and’ wiry Shodan from West Point, with a beautiful Uchimata, full of fou and tension and dropped him ‘over with makikomi for a full Ippon. "John Yamamoto, Shodan, of Man- hattan College, then went after Paul Reynolds, Shodan, of the University of Connecticut with: eness and 4 variety of techniques, but Reynolds Stopped him with 1 De Ashi Plrat Footsweep for a clean point. "The next match was between Ron Hoffman of Southern Illinois Univer- sity and ‘Tsufio Kato, Shodan, from Fairleigh Dickinson University in New Jersey. Kato, the shorter man, was a tough Heavyweight and. probably the fervent competicar of the day. Bat the audience was watching the Goot 17olb. Hofman. As a 17-year ‘old Nidan he was the highest-ranking entestant in the tournament, and abe 38 the youngest, The year before, at the age of 16) he had mde Shodan inthe cago Yudanshakai. Kalo gave him no rest, coming in from every angle with 2 driving, sv age attack, forward and back, wrp- ping himself into the taller man for try after try at makikorsi. Hoffman ce Sool cole wepeorba, Rags balance, and stayed at the ‘mat, At first it seemed that Kato was backing him up to the edge, but he preferred working in that position and im later matches he invariably headed for the edge before going into his at- tacks. He threw Kato twice outside the tapes with O Soto Makikomi (Reaping Rear Sacrifice), but neither throw could count for 2 point. Once, in the center, when Kato was getting up from the mat afer trying a cic, Hot man tried to wheel into an Uchimata (lnnet Thigh Throw), but Kato was too close to the Finally, after the referee motioned them back into the center, Hoffman dropped. Kato with © Soto’ Makikomi for a half-point and took the match. ‘Toups then went in agianst Reya- lds, and dropped the Connecticut Black Belt to his knee with a Tsubame Gueshi Swallow-Counter to a_foot- sweep. No point was scored, but Toups won the decision, Hoffman then met Lee Taylor, Sho- dan, from West Point, who was about his own size. Again he worked the edge of the mat, and finally dropped Taylor for a point with the same O Soto Makikomi that had scored against Kato. ‘After a rest period ‘Taylor took on Reynolds of Connecticut. The West Pointer almost had Reynolds once with a lightning-fast shift from Ko-Uchi to O.Uchi Gari (inner Reaping Rear Throws), and finally threw him with 4 rightside Uchimata that was one of the most cleanly executed throws in the: tournament, ‘Hoffman and Toups then came onto the mat to play for the Blace Belt ‘Championship. ‘The two played each other slowly, stifly, and very cautious- ly, Hoffman was ‘steady, and Touj could not get in to him as easily a3 he had with the others. Toups was short and solid, end Hoffman could not get under his center of balance or even get him moving. The match went into ‘overtime, and after seven wearing min- utes Hoffman won it by a decision. Vie Libbe of Ohio State was then called to the mat, He had defeated Jackman of CCNY to win the All-Kyu trophy, and he was now ready to take ‘oa, Hoffman for the All-Tournament Championship, ‘Tournament, Official Ken Freeman asked Hoffman if he wanted to rest after bis seven-minute bout, but Hoff- man said no, he would go oa while he was still hot. Both men seemed unperturbed. The ‘match was not a fast one, and attempt- ed techniques by both men xin into sone walls. Hoffman's techni Uchimata and Soto Makikomi— seemed to come closer to success, and it looked like only 2 matter of time be- fore the Black Belt would gee results. Bat Libbe suddenly threw himself backward, holding on to Hoffman's lax pets Hs 253 pound broke the Blac c's Balance, his left foot came up in De Ashi Harai, and Hoffman pivoted over to the mat. Ippon! The match was over, and Libbe was the Easter College Judo Champion, ‘Three-man teams from nine colleges then competed in a round-robin for the Eastern College Judo Team trophy. Ohio State's team, made up of Vie Libbe ‘and Nikyus Jim Springer and Diek Hall, came in first, followed by Taylor, Yamashita and’ Matison of West Point. The Fairleigh Dickinson team—Tsujio Kato, and White Belts Ken, Herbert and Scott Usher—was Although the boys were tired after a day of competition for individual trophies, most of the matches in. the team contest were won with full points, Libbe winning an Ippon with Kesa Katame against another Black Belt— Lee Taylor of West Point ‘Other teams were from St, Joba's University, Columbia, Wesleyan, Cor- nell, the Air Force Actdemy and the University of Connecticut. Some of the schools represented by individual con- testanis were Rutgers University, Peon State, Newark College of Engineering, Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, Bloom: field College of New Jersey, Carnegie Tech, Providence Collage in Rhode Is: land, Marymount Manhattan College in New York City, and Fordham Uni- versity. Although the hard-playing young competitors provided plenty of excte- ment ll the drama of the tournament was not limited to the mat. This tour- rnarent and the college nationals to be CONTINUED ON PAGE 66SUBSCRIBE TODAY AND SAVE! » BLACK BELT is the nation's foremost magazine dealing with the martial arts | of Judo, Karate, Aikido and Kendo. No other single publication can provide the serious student or the interested beginner the coverage and scope found in BLACK BELT. BLACK BELT’S enlarged format touches all important bases in authoritative articles and features — including easy to follow how-to-do-it picture layouts. Discover for yourself your greater physical and mental potential through Judo, Karate, Aikido and Kendo. DISCOVER IT IN BLACK BELT. $3.00 FOR 10 ISSUES Clip and Mail Teday to: BLACK BELT, INC. 2604 South Hill Street los Angeles 7, California Enclosed ts__(eash, cheek or money order) Name. pee: SUBSCRIBE TODAY AND SAVE!Air Force Headquarters for Martial Arts ITH THE initiation of a Ww Survival Combative Measures Course and addition of a Combat. ive Measures (Judo) Instructor Course, Stead AFB now Lays claim to being the Judo center of the Air Force. First inaugurated in November, 1959, primarily to teach combative measures training to ait crews, Stead’s School of Judo was ex- panded in January; 1961, to ine clude instruction for Judo instructors Air Force-wide. From an humble beginning in 1959 which saw the school utiliz- ing an open area for a classroom without benefit of Judo uniforms, mats of equipment, it has risen to a four classroom installation em- ploying 12 full time, highly qual fied instructors. And during period they have trained and grad- uated over 10,000 Judo instructors and air crew members. ‘At present the school’s efforts are being directed toward teach- ing two distinct types of telning. Number one is the strict Jus course which covers all aspects of Jado, plus fundamentals of Ka- rate, and is designed primarily for future Judo instructors. Number two is the combative measures training course taught to all air crew members attending Stead’s combative survival course. Let's take a look at both. The Judo Instructor Training Course (140004) is of five weeks duration, totaling 155 hours Forty-eight of these hours are de- voted to training methods; the bal- ance to coaching techniques, officiating, tournament procedures and Code of Conduct training. ‘Upon completion of the course, all students receive the Air Force Certificate of Training and are qualified to wear a Brown Belt