2

1 The diagram shows several types of plant cells (not drawn to the same scale).

P Q R S

Which of the following descriptions of all the features of the cells are correct?

cell type permeability of the cell wall nucleus chloroplast

A P partially permeable present present
B Q partially permeable present absent
C R permeable absent absent
D S permeable present present

2 Which of the following best describes the pathway of a protein from its
manufacture to its release from the cell?

A Golgi apparatus → rough endoplasmic reticulum → secretory vesicles

B rough endoplasmic reticulum → Golgi apparatus → secretory vesicles
C secretory vesicles → rough endoplasmic reticulum → Golgi apparatus
D secretory vesicles → Golgi apparatus → rough endoplasmic reticulum

3 The diagram shows two different types of cells.

Which process can be carried out by only one of these cells?

A controlling the chemical reaction in the cell

B controlling the movement of substances into the cell
C making starch inside the cell
D using glucose inside the cell

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4 An experiment measured the rate at which plants take up magnesium ions from
solution. One plant was given a poison that stops mitochondria from functioning,
while the other was left as normal.

The graph shows the results.

How are the magnesium ions being absorbed by the plants at points N and P?

point N point P
A diffusion active transport
B diffusion diffusion
C active transport active transport
D active transport diffusion

5 The diagram shows the water potential (ψ) in some plant cells and in their
environment. The water potential of pure water is 0 kPa.

Which statement describes the movement of water between these cells and/or
the environment?

A All three cells are turgid, so there is no movement of water.

B Water moves from cell 1, cell 3 and the environment into cell 2.
C Water moves from cell 2 and 3 to the environment, and from the
environment into cell 1.
D Water moves from the environment into cells 1, 2 and 3.

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6 An experiment is set up as shown. The water outside the Visking tubing is tested
for starch and sugar immediately and then 30 minutes later. The results obtained
are shown in the table.

Results
Reagents Water tested at 0 minutes Water tested 30 minutes later
Benedict’s blue solution orange red precipitate
solution
Iodine solution yellow brown solution yellow brown solution

Visking tubing

saliva + starch + water

beaker

distilled water at 37 °C

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this experiment?

1 The membrane is fully permeable.

2 Sugar molecules can diffuse through the membrane.
3 Saliva catalyses the breakdown of starch to sugar.
4 Starch molecules can diffuse through the membrane.

A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 2 and 3
D 3 and 4

7 The diagram shows a simple molecule which is an important component in living

organisms.

A piece of evidence from a crime scene is tested for the presence of the complex
molecule made up of many units of these simple molecules. Which complex
molecule is tested for?

A deoxyribonucleic acid
B glycogen
C lipid
D protein

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8 Which of the following correctly classifies the structures or molecules?

amylase starch cell wall

A lipid carbohydrate protein
B lipid protein lipid
C protein carbohydrate carbohydrate
D protein protein lipid

9 The table shows the results of tests carried out on a drink.

test result
Benedict’s orange precipitate
biuret violet colour
ethanol emulsion cloudy white emulsion
iodine yellow-brown

Which drink was used for the tests?

A black coffee
B chinese tea
C fruit juice
D milk

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10 The graph shows the energy changes in a chemical reaction.

energy /
arbitrary units

time
Which shape is the graph if the enzyme specific to this reaction is added at the
start of the reaction?

A
energy /
arbitrary
units

time
B

energy /
arbitrary
units

time

energy /
arbitrary
units

time
D
energy /
arbitrary
units

time

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11 A student wanted to find out the best temperature to make yoghurt at home. She
added a spoonful of bacteria culture to three separate glasses of milk at 20°C,
40°C and 60°C respectively.

Glucose undergoes fermentation to form lactic acid. She monitored the pH of

the mixture over 10 hours.

Which of the following best explains the effect of temperature on yoghurt

production?

A Negligible amount of enzyme-substrate complexes formed at 60°C.

B The volume of yoghurt formed is the largest at 20°C.
C The activity of the enzyme decreases as temperature increases.
D The enzyme and substrate molecules have the highest kinetic energy at
40°C.

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12 A manufacturer of slimming pills adds lipases from four different microorganisms

A, B, C and D to equal volumes of melted butter in flasks at 40 °C.

Every minute, a sample from each flask is added to a mixture of ethanol and
water and placed in a colorimeter. The graph shows the results.

Which is the most effective lipase that the manufacturer should use?

B
C

percentage
of light D
passing
through the
mixture / %

time / minutes

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13 The diagrams represent molecules of starch, protein and fat respectively.

Which of the following will be found in the chyme after 3 hours in the stomach of
a human?

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14 A person suffers from coeliac disease and it causes a change in the lumen of
the small intestine as shown in the diagram below.

Which of the following descriptions is not an effect in the person?

A Longer time taken for food substances to be absorbed into the

bloodstream.
B Smoother passage of food substances allows for easier digestion.
C The person will experience a weight loss.
D The person will have a large amount of water in his/her faeces.

15 The diagram shows part of the alimentary canal and its associated organs.

Which structure secretes an enzyme that will help in the digestion of

carbohydrates?

D
B

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16 The diagram shows a part of the human skin which has been damaged.

Which process is not observed in the diagram?

A antibody production
B blood clotting
C phagocytosis
D vasodilation

17 The diagram shows the cross sections of three types of blood vessels (not drawn
to scale).

1 2 3

Which of the following describes the features of each vessel?

fluid flows under high least resistance to

wall permeable to fluid
pressure flow of fluid
A 1 2 3
B 2 1 3
C 3 2 1
D 3 1 2

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18 The graph shows the changes in the volume of the left ventricle of a mammalian
heart during one cardiac cycle.

At which point does ventricular systole occur?

ventricular
volume / cm3

time / s

19 The diagram shows an alveolus and a blood capillary.

alveolus

X Y

blood

blood capillary
Which of the following is a correct representation of the relative concentrations
of substances of blood at X and Y?

concentration at X concentration at Y
A less oxygen less glucose
B more carbon dioxide less water
C less hormones less proteins
D more mineral salts more urea

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20 The apparatus shown is used to investigate gaseous exchange during

breathing.

limewater
solution

X Y
What would occur when a person breathes out through tube M?

A The solution in X and Y both turned cloudy.

B The solution in X is forced out through the tube T.
C The solution in X remains clear, but that in Y turns cloudy.
D The solution in X turns cloudy, but that in Y remains clear.

21 What happens during anaerobic respiration in muscles?

carbon dioxide oxygen used water produced

produced

A no no no
B no yes yes
C yes no yes
D yes yes no

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22 The diagram shows part of the human urinary system.

1 2

5
Which structures contain liquid with the least concentration of urea and most
concentration of oxygen?

least urea most oxygen

A 1 5
B 2 3
C 3 2
D 4 1

23 Renal artery stenosis is a disease where there is narrowing of both renal

arteries. A student made the following observations about a person suffering
from this disease.

1 Glomerular filtration will be reduced in both kidneys.

2 Removal of urea will not take place in both kidneys.
3 The person will still be able to produce urine at a normal rate.
4 The person will suffer from high blood pressure.

Which statements describe the effects in a person suffering from this disease?

A 1 and 3 only
B 1 and 4 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 2 and 4 only

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24 The diagram below shows the structure of a nephron.

glomerulus

A healthy individual with no other medical condition is on a drug that makes H

more permeable to water.

Which of the following activities can he continue to engage in to maintain his

blood water potential?

A exercise regularly
B drink large volumes of water
C reduce salt in his diet
D stay in an air-conditioned room

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25 The graph shows changes in a person’s internal temperature over a period of

time.

39 K L M N O

internal body
38
temperature /
°C

37

36

35
time

Which of the following regions best illustrate the principle of homeostasis?

A K, L and M
B L, M and N
C M, N and O
D N and O

26 The graph below shows the variation in a person’s body temperature over a
period of time.

Which of the following points A, B, C or D, shown on the graph, is most likely

to result in only vasoconstriction?

39
body C
temperature 37 D
/ °C
A B

35

time

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27 The diagram shows part of the mechanism that controls blood sugar
concentration.
liver 1
3 more glucose
2 less glucose
4

blood vessels
blood vessels
13 more glycogen
5 more glucagon
24 less glycogen
6 less glucagon

pancreas

A person does one hour of exercise. Starting with the pancreas, what is the
sequence of events in which the hormone glucagon is involved?

A 5→3→2
B 5→4→1
C 6→3→1
D 6→4→2

28 The diagram shows possible routes for transmission of nerve impulses.

brain

U V

What is the direction taken by an impulse when an anaesthetic injected was

targeted at neuron T ?

A R→T→S
B R→U→V→S
C S→T→U
D S→V→U→R

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29 The table shows three different neurones found in the human body.

1 2 3

Which row correctly shows the location of where each type of neurone is
found?

1 2 3
A brain retina small intestine
B optic nerve brain sweat gland
C spinal cord skin tongue
D skin spinal cord optic nerve

30 The graph shows the number of impulses travelling along sensory neurons from
two different receptors, X and Y on the human skin.

sensory neurons sensory neurons

from receptor X from receptor Y

number
of
impulses

skin temperature / °C

Which of the following is correct conclusion for the graph?

A Receptor X is more sensitive than receptor Y at 25 °C.

B Receptor X is not sensitive at high skin temperature.
C Receptor X and Y are equally sensitive between 26 °C and 38 °C.
D Receptor Y is more sensitive than receptor X at 39 °C.

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