OM SRI SAI RAM

“The plane flew above the cloud,

behind the cloud, around the cloud,
below the cloud, beneath the cloud,
beside the cloud, beyond the cloud,
into the cloud, near the cloud, outside the cloud, over
the cloud, past the cloud,
through the cloud, toward the cloud,
under the cloud, and finally dived
underneath the cloud.”
 Fun
with
PREPOSITIONS
Check your prepositions…! Set: A
1. She learned Russian _____ the age of 45.
2. The book was written _____ Mark Twain.
3. I’ll show you the picture _____ the palace.
4. _____ the end of next year we will have made over
£100,000.
5. He felt bad _____ no reason at all.
6. She felt good _____ herself.
7. She is very fond _____ good food.
8. She goes _____ church every Sunday.
Check your prepositions…! Set: B
1. Halloween is celebrated ______ the United States ______
October 31.
2. Don’t kiss the Prince. He might turn ______ a frog.
3. I have been living here _____ ten years.
4. Have you been _______ a theatre?
5. I went to work _____ Tuesday but I didn’t go ______ Friday.
6. I live __________ Sweden but every summer I travel
__________ Spain for my holidays.
7. He always drives ______ a tremendous speed because he’s
always ______ a hurry.
8. She always gets up early ______ the morning and goes to bed
late ________ night.
What is a Preposition…?
 The puppy is in the cup.
(CONNECTS puppy and cup- N & N)

The puppy is looking at the cup cake.

(CONNECTS is looking and cup cake- V & N)

The dog looks smart with glasses.

(CONNECTS smart and glasses- Aj & pn)
 PREPOSITIONS
PRE- POSITION
PRE= BEFORE
(A NOUN / PRONOUN)

BUT IT COMES AFTER ALSO!

 POSITION of the Preposition
▪ In the following sentence the preposition
comes before the Noun:
• There is no sugar in the pot.
• The book is on the table.
 POSITION of the Preposition

BUT…
▪ When the Object is a Relative Pronoun:
• Here is the book that you were looking for.
• This is a song that I am very fond of.
▪ When the Object is an Interrogative Pronoun:
• What are you talking about?
• Whom are you thinking of?
Look-alikes of Prepositions

▪ Above:
• The heavens are above. (Adverb)
• The moral code of conduct is above the civil code of
conduct. (Preposition)
• Our blessings come from above. (Noun)
▪ After:
• He left soon after. (Adverb)
• She takes after her mother. (Preposition)
• I went to bed after I had dinner. (Conjunction)
 Look-alikes of Prepositions

▪ About:
• They wandered about the town. (Here the word about
modifies the verb wandered and hence it acts as an
adverb.)
• There was something affable about him. (Preposition)
PHRASE / CONGLOMERATE PREPOSITIONS
▪ In addition to single-word prepositions like on, in, etc., there
are some word groups which function as prepositions.
• For example: in front of, in spite of, in order to, instead of,
on behalf of, in the course of, with regards to, etc.

The dogs are _______ the house.

We are brothers _______ belonging to different species.

 Noun

Noun
Pronoun
Clause
Objects
of
Prepositions

Infinitive Gerund
Objects of Prepositions
▪ Noun:
• I went to the playground.
▪ Pronoun:
• Could you please give this book to her?
▪ Gerund:
• She is fond of clicking photographs.
▪ Infinitive:
• What would you like to do besides swim in the pool?
▪ Noun Clause:
• You must be content with [what you have].
Prepositions show various kinds of
relations

Place

Direction
and Motion Time

Method
Possession and
Manner

Reason and
Purpose
Place

▪ He ran across the bridge.

▪ She stands amidst the crowd.

▪ He was at the foot of the tree.

▪ He stood behind the door.

Time

▪ He came at 6 o’clock.
▪ You must return before sunset.
▪ Fight till the end.
▪ He stayed for a month.
Method and Manner
▪ It came by post.

▪ He prayed with reverence.

▪ He fought with a sword.

▪ By hard work he succeeded.

Reason and Purpose
▪ He trembled with anger.
▪ Exercise is good for health.
▪ He struggled for freedom.
Possession

▪ Delhi is the capital of India.

▪ I saw a girl with purple hair.
▪ He is a man of principles.
▪ He came by a lot of money.
Direction and Motion

▪ He fell into the well.

▪ She walked towards the market.
▪ He climbed up the tree.
▪ The moon moves round the earth.
Prepositional Phrases
A Prepositional Phrase is a group of words starting with a
preposition and ending with an object.

Examples:

▪ The big brown bear was sitting (under the tree).

▪ The fish lives (in the river).

▪ Leaders set high goals (for themselves).

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

▪ These are the patterns for a prepositional phrase:

• Preposition + Noun, Pronoun, Gerund, Clause
o at + home

• Preposition + Modifiers + Noun, Pronoun,

Gerund, Clause
o In + the weedy, over grown + garden
Prepositions v/s Phrasal Verbs

▪ How can you tell when it’s a phrasal verb?

• Phrasal verbs don’t make sense without an
object.
• The particle (the second part of the phrasal
verb) cannot be moved.
o For example: She picked up.
She picked up what?
She picked up the pencil.
• ‘up’ cannot be moved so it is a ‘phrasal verb.
Prepositions v/s Phrasal Verbs

▪ How can you tell when it’s a prepositional phrase?

• A sentence does not rely on the prepositional
phrase to make sense.
• A preposition can move the prepositional phrase
to the front of the sentence.
o For example: She walked.
She walked down the street.
Down the street she walked.
Confused pairs
• Beside, Besides • In, Into
• Since, For • On, In, At, By
• Between, Among • On, Upon
• By, With • In, Within
• In, At
 Confused pairs
▪ Beside: by the side of
▪ Besides: in addition to

▪ Since: from a point of time in the past

▪ For: a period of time

▪ Between:
• Two persons or things
• Any two of a large number
• The speaker and a group of people
▪ Among: more than two people or things
 Confused pairs
▪ By: refers to the doer of an action
▪ With: refers to the instrument with which the action os done
▪ In: refers to a large place (countries, large cities)
▪ At: refers to a small and unimportant places (villages,
towns)

• In: state of rest/ being inside something

• Into: movement to the inside of something
Confused pairs
▪ On: general point of time
▪ In: a period of time
▪ At: indicates an exact point of time
▪ By: the latest time at which an action will be finished

▪ On: about things at rest

▪ Upon: about things in motion

▪ In: end of a certain period

▪ Within: before the end of a certain period
Thank You
Sai Ram