Mechanics of Writing

Paragraph, story, summary, composition BZ¨vw` iPbv/†jLv cix¶vq fv‡jv †MÖW †c‡Z Lye Myi“Z¡c–Y©
f‚wgKv iv‡L| ZvB wk¶v_©x‡`i †jLv‡jwLi †KŠkj AvqË Ki‡Z n‡e| †jLv‡jwLi gv‡bvbœq‡b wb‡Pi
†KŠkjMy‡jv AbymiY Kiv hvq :
Topic wbe©vPb :
†jLv kyi“ Kivi c–‡e© TopicwU wb‡q K‡qKevi wPš@v Ki| †jLvwU GwM‡q wb‡Z I mymse× Ki‡Z
wKQy Key word wbe©vPb Ki| Zvici avivevwnKfv‡e Zv †jLv kyi“ Ki :
l g–j K_vMy‡jv †hŠw³K Abyµ‡g Dc¯’vcb Ki|
l msw¶ß I welqe¯‘i mv‡_ m½wZc–Y© DËi `vI, †hb Zzwg outline ˆZwi KiQ (Z‡e †Zvgv‡K Aek¨B c–
Y© ev‡K¨ wjL‡Z n‡e|)
l g–j K_vMy‡jvi eY©bv `vI|
l †Zvgvi hyw³‡K mg_©b w`‡Z we‡kl wKQy Z_¨ I D`vniY e¨envi Ki|
l ¯•óiƒ‡c I †hŠw³K Abyµ‡g we‡kl wKQy K_v Dc¯’vcb Ki|
mgq cwiKíbv Ki :
iPbvwUi Rb¨ †Zvgvi nv‡Z _vKv mgq wnmve Ki Ges GKwU mgq cwiKíbv wVK Ki| †hgb : 30 wgwbU
mgqmxgvi g‡a¨ wjL‡Z †M‡j Zzwg cÖ_g 5 wgwbU aviYv †c‡Z, †bvU wjL‡Z I cwiKíbv wb‡Z e¨envi
Ki‡e; cieZ©x 20 wgwb‡Ui gZ mgq †jLvi Kv‡R Ges †k‡li K‡qKwU wgwbU revising I editing Gi Kv‡R
jvMv‡e| G wel‡q wbwðZ _vK‡e †h ev¯@em¤§Z mgq cwiKíbv Ki‡Z n‡e − †h cwiKíbv †Zvgvi
†jLv‡jwLi Af¨v‡mi Ici wbf©i Ki‡e|
Lmov/ †bvU †jL :
Zzwg Kx ej‡Z PvI Zv wba©viY Kivi Av‡MB †jLvi cÖ‡Póv GKwU nZvkvRbK I mgq-bóKvix AwfÁZv
n‡Z cv‡i| ZvB †Zvgvi Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx †h‡Kv‡bv cš’vq †Zvgvi †bvU/ Lmov wjL‡Z K‡qK wgwbU mgq
bvI; cš’vMy‡jv n‡Z cv‡i : ¯^vaxbfv‡e †jLv (freewriting), ZvwjKv ˆZwi (listing) I gv_v Nvgv‡bv
(brainstorming)| mwe¯@v‡i Rvb‡Z PvB‡j GB lesson †`L : How to Generate Ideas
GKwU fv‡jv Introductory evK¨ w`‡q kyi“ Ki :
we‡klZ Mš@e¨ m¤•‡K© wbwðZ bv n‡j j¤^v Introduction wjL‡Z mgq bó K‡iv bv| Avi Mš@‡e¨i K_v
fve‡Z bv cvi‡j GKwU bRiKvov Introductory sentence B n‡e PgrKvi| †h‡Kv‡bv †¶‡Î GK ev `yB ev‡K¨
†Zvgvi g–jK_vMy‡jv ¯•óiƒ‡c †jL, Avi Zvici we¯@vwiZ eY©bvi mvnv‡h¨ G g–jK_vMy‡jv‡K mg_©b
w`‡Z I mvRv‡Z Writing Gi evwK Ask †jL|
g–j avivq _v‡Kv :
†h‡nZz Zzwg iPbvwU wjLQ, hv‡Z Zzwg g–j Topic Gi evB‡i P‡j bv hvI †m e¨vcv‡i wbwðZ n‡Z gv‡S
gv‡S TopicwU Avevi c‡o bvI| AcÖvmw½K Z_¨ w`‡q †Zvgvi Writing wU fwi‡q Zz‡jv bv|
Rvbv‡Z/ AeMZ Ki‡Z †jL, gy» Ki‡Z bq :
iPbvi D‡Ïk¨ wVK Ki, Rvwni K‡iv bv| k‡ãi A_© m¤•‡K© wbwðZ bv n‡j ÔRwUj kãÕ e¨envi K‡iv bv|
Z‡e mywbw`©ó I h‡_vchy³ kã e¨envi K‡iv| Avi g‡b †i‡Lv †h key words A¯•ó n‡j j¤^v evK¨ KviI bRi
Kvo‡e bv|
fq †c‡qv bv :
mgq †kl n‡q hv‡”Q g‡b n‡j †QvÆ Dcmsnvi (conclusion) `vI| Ggb wK, g–j K_v fv‡jvfv‡e e¨³ Ki‡j GK
ev‡K¨i GKwU mv`vgvUv DcmsnviB h‡_ó| hvB Ki, fq bv †c‡q †jLv kyi“ Ki : †k‡li w`‡Ki Zvovûov K‡i
†jLv iPbvi mgvwßi w`‡Ki gv‡bi Aebgb NUv‡Z cv‡i|
Edit Ki I cÖ“d co :
†jLv †kl n‡j `xN© wbk¦vm wb‡q k‡ãi ci kã a‡i Writing wU co : evievi co I Edit Ki| Avevi covi mgq
†Zvgvi †Pv‡L co‡Z cv‡i †h Zzwg †Kv‡bv Myi“Z¡c–Y© Z_¨ ev` w`‡qQ wKsev †Kv‡bv GKwU
Sentence miv‡bvi `iKvi n‡Z cv‡i| mZK©Zvi mv‡_ cwieZ©bMy‡jv Ki| GKwU sentence †K wb‡`©k Kivi
Rb¨ arrow e¨envi Ki| Avi wbwðZ n‡Z n‡e †h †Zvgvi editing My‡jv ¯•ó I co‡Z mnR|
P‚ovš@fv‡e, me‡P‡q Myi“Z¡c–Y© Dc‡`k :
evievi PP©v Ki :
cix¶v kyi“i K‡qK gvm Av‡MB writing †jLvi PP©v kyi“ Ki| cÖwZ mßv‡n Aš@tZ GKwU Practice
Composition †jL| †Zvgvi wk¶K I mncvVx‡`i mv‡_ †Zvgvi KvR fvMvfvwM Ki, Avi wKQy Kvh©Ki
Dc‡`‡ki Rb¨ Zv‡`i Dci wbf©i Ki|
Kxfv‡e †jLvi aviYvi weKvk NUv‡bv hvq :
†jLvi Rb¨ wk¶v_©x‡`i `iKvi a¨vbaviYvi weKvk mvab, mgš^q NUv‡bv I wewbgq| wk¶v_©xiv KLbI
KLbI †jLvi Av‡M cwiKíbv bvI Ki‡Z cv‡i| Gme wk¶v_©x eis jump K‡i †jLv kyi“ Ki‡e| wKQy
wk¶v_©xi Rb¨ GwU Myi“Z¡c–Y© †h Zviv ax‡imy‡¯’ wjL‡e Ges †jLvi
c–‡e© Zviv Kx ej‡Z Pvq Zv wb‡q fve‡e| mvaviYfv‡e wk¶v_©x‡`i Rvbv `iKvi †h †jLvi KvRwU AwZ
Ri“wi wKQy bq Ges cwiKíbv, wPš@v I msMV‡bi cÖwµqvMy‡jv P‚ovš@ d‡ji gZB Myi“Z¡c–Y©| ZvB
Kxfv‡e aviYvi weKvk NUv‡bv hvq Zv Avgiv GLb Rvb‡ev|
gv_v Nvgv‡bv :
aviYv †bvU Kivi Rb¨ gv_v Nvgv‡bv GKwU Myi“Z¡c–Y© `¶Zv| Gi j¶¨ n‡”Q cÖ`Ë GKwU Topic Gi Rb¨
m¤¢ve¨ Dc`vniYMy‡jv wb‡q h_vm¤¢e eo GKwU ZvwjKv ( list) cÖYqb| ¯^vfvweKfv‡e GKwU aviYv
Ab¨ GKwU aviYvi Rš§ †`‡e| ZvB Zv †jL‡Ki Rb¨ Myi“Z¡c–Y©|
gy³fv‡e †jLv :
Freewriting n‡”Q †Zvgvi wb‡Ri a¨vbaviYv e¨envi K‡i wKQy †jLv| †bvU wjL‡Z cuvP wgwbU mgq
wb‡Z cv‡iv| Gici †Zvgvi GB KvR †kl n‡j †jLvi cÖ¯‘wZ‡Z †Zvgvi wPš@v‡K mymse× Ki|
gvbwPÎ eqb :
Cluster MappingI aviYvi weKvk NUv‡bvi GKwU cš’v|

kyi“‡Z c„ôvi gv‡S †Zvgvi Topic wU †jL Ges G‡K e„Ëve× Ki| Gici Zzwg `yÕwU w`K-wb‡`©kbvi
GKwU a‡i GMy‡Z cvi| †hgb : †Zvgvi Topic hw` spiders nq, Zvn‡j cÖkœ Ki‡Z cvi : "What do spiders eat?
Where do spides live? What do spiders look like?" cÖwZwU cÖkœ †K›`ªxq wel‡qi mv‡_ hy³ GKwU
bubble G wjL‡Z n‡e| Gici Zzwg bubble My‡jv‡K mviv c„ôvq Qwo‡q `vI hv‡Z Giv ci¯•‡ii mv‡_ hy³ nq|
Gici, cÖkœ aviY Kiv bubble My‡jvi mv‡_ ¶z`ªZi bubble My‡jv hy³ K‡i cÖkœMy‡jvi DËi `vI|
mvaviYfv‡e ej‡Z †M‡j, iPbvq cÖwZwU subtopic n‡e GKwU Paragraph Gi Abyiƒc hvi mv‡_ _vK‡e
D`vniY I M‡o IVv aviYvwUi cÖwZ mg_©b|
mvgÄm¨ i¶v :
Connector e¨envi K‡i iPbv‡K mvgÄm¨c–Y© Ki| Gme connector n‡”Q moreover, besides, however, in
addition, nevertheless BZ¨vw`| Gme linker ev connector e¨envi †Zvgvi sentence My‡jv‡K mvgÄm¨c–Y©
Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|