Doe Pes Kes 2021

PHILIPPINE
ENERGY SITUATIONER
P H I L I P P I N E E N E R G Y S I T U AT I O N E R
2
2021
PHILIPPINE
ENERGY SITUATIONER
This issue presents an analysis of energy supply and demand situation in the
Philippines for 2021 vis-à-vis 2020. The energy data used herein are based on the
Energy Balance Table (EBT) (as of 14 July 2022) as generated by the Policy Formulation
and Research Division (PFRD) of the Energy Policy and Planning Bureau (EPPB), unless
otherwise stated. Kindly note that Non-Energy Use is included in the discussion for
Total Final Energy Consumption (TFEC) per sector in this report.
1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abbreviations and Acronyms Used.......................................................................................... 03
I. TOTAL FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION......................................... 04

A. Total Final Energy Consumption, by Fuel............................................................. 05
B. Total Final Energy Consumption, by Sector........................................................ 06
1. Transport........................................................................................................................ 06
2. Households.................................................................................................................... 07
3. Industry........................................................................................................................... 08
4. Services.......................................................................................................................... 09
5. Agriculture..................................................................................................................... 10
II. TRANSFORMATION............................................................................ 12
A. Oil Refining..................................................................................................................... 12
B. Power Generation and Fuel Input........................................................................... 12
III. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY............................................... 14

A. Indigenous Energy....................................................................................................... 14
1. Fossil Fuels................................................................................................................... 14
i. Oil............................................................................................................................... 14
ii. Coal............................................................................................................................ 15
iii. Natural Gas.............................................................................................................. 15
2. Renewable Energy.................................................................................................... 15
i. Geothermal, Biomass, Hydro, Solar.................................................................. 15
ii. Wind, Biofuels.......................................................................................................... 16
B. Net Imports.................................................................................................................... 16
IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT............................................................... 18
V. ENERGY – ECONOMY and ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS... 20

A. Energy Intensity........................................................................................................... 20
B. Energy Elasticity.......................................................................................................... 21
C. Energy Per Capita........................................................................................................ 21
D. GHG Emission................................................................................................................ 21
VI. ENERGY BALANCE TABLES, 2020 and 2021............................. 22
2
ABBREVIATIONS and
ACRONYMS USED
TFEC.................................................Total Final Energy Consumption

TPES.................................................Total Primary Energy Supply
MTOE................................................Million tons of oil equivalent
kTOE.................................................Thousand tons of oil equivalent
TOE...................................................Tons of oil equivalent
TWh...................................................Terra-watt Hour
GWh...................................................Gigawatt-Hour
MW.....................................................Megawatt
MWh..................................................Megawatt-hour
kWh...................................................Kilowatt-hour
BBL...................................................Barrels
MB.....................................................Thousand Barrels
MMB..................................................Million Barrels
MMMT...............................................Million Metric Tons
ROM..................................................Run of Mine
MMSCF.............................................Million Standard Cubic Feet
MMT..................................................Thousand Metric Tons
GHG...................................................Greenhouse gas
GWP...................................................Global Warming Potential
tCO2e................................................tons of carbon dioxide equivalent
ktCO2e..............................................thousand tons of carbon dioxide equivalent
MtCO2e.............................................million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent
DOTr..................................................Department of Transportation
MRT...................................................Metro Rail Transit
LRT....................................................Light Rail Transit
GDP...................................................Gross Domestic Product
GVA...................................................Gross-value added
3
I. TOTAL FINAL ENERGY

CONSUMPTION (TFEC)
The year 2021 marked the
1.4
gradual easing of community Non-Energy Use
1.6
quarantines1, vaccination
0.4 Agriculture
rollouts and revival of
0.7
major economic activities,
as well as resumption of 4.6
Services
major transportation routes 4.8
across the country. These 6.3

Industry
MTOE
developments pushed the 6.8

country’s total final energy 10.0
Households
consumption (TFEC) to 10.2
increase by 7.8 percent
9.8
to 35.1 million tons of oil Transport
11.0
equivalent (MTOE) from its
2020: 32.6 MTOE 2021: 35.1 MTOE
year-ago level of 32.6 MTOE
Figure 1: Total Final Energy Consumption, By Sector in MTOE: 2020 vs. 2021
(Figure 1).
All end-use economic sectors upped their energy consumption during the year. The transport
sector regained its position as the most energy-intensive sector with a 31.3 share to TFEC (Figure
2). Buoyed by less stringent mobility restrictions, it posted a 12.0 percent acceleration in its
energy utilization. The household sector came in second and accounted for 29.0 percent share,
albeit a sluggish 1.5 percent increase in energy consumption as employees gradually returned to
work amidst continued alternative work arrangements.
Industry and services recovered from

1.9
the slump in the previous year, each 13.8 4.7
with registered increments in energy
use of 6.8 percent and 4.8 percent, 14.1 4.2
1.3
respectively, since most establishments
were able to resume operations with 19.4
19.4 Inner: 2020 TFEC
increased workforce capacities under 32.6 MTOE 30.1 31.3
the modified enhanced community Outer: 2021 TFEC

35.1 MTOE
quarantine (MECQ) and general
community quarantine (GCQ). Both
sectors significantly contributed to 30.8
TFEC with their aggregate share of 33.2
percent. Consequently, energy forms 29.0
used as raw materials/feedstocks went

up by 1.6 percent as major factories Figure 2: Total Final Energy Consumption, By Sectoral Shares: 2020 vs. 2021
1 General Community Quarantine (GCQ) classification in some cities and municipalities, including Metro Manila and placed all other areas under Modified
General Community Quarantine (MGCQ)
4
re-opened their assembly lines. Agriculture posted the fastest growth of 51.3 percent as the
sector required more energy to ensure production output despite weather disturbances and the
lingering impact of the African Swine Fever (ASF). It remains as the least contributor to TFEC with
its diminutive share of 1.9 percent.
A. Total Final Energy Consumption, by Fuel

Increased operational capacities of public 17.7
16.0
transportation vehicles and relaxed 2020: 32.6 MTOE
quarantine restrictions were among the 2021: 35.1 MTOE
major factors that contributed to 10.3

percent hike in aggregate consumption of
oil products from the previous year’s 16.0 7.2 7.6
MTOE
7.1 7.2
MTOE to 17.7 MTOE (Figure 3). Gasoline
and diesel, primarily used in the transport
sector, accounted for 81.8 percent of total 1.8 2.2
0.5 0.5
0.04 0.00
oil consumption, as levels went up by 9.3
percent and 5.5 percent, respectively – a
reversal of its year-ago contraction due to
Oil Electricity Biomass Coal Biofuels Natural
implementation of the stricter enhanced products Gas
community quarantine (ECQ). Figure 3: Total Final Energy Consumption, By Fuel: 2020 vs. 2021
Electricity came in second after oil products with its 21.7 percent share to TFEC as its utilization
went up by 6.5 percent to 7.6 MTOE. While households accounted for the bulk of electricity
consumption with its 39.5 percent share, its consumption levels slowed down by 2.0 percent vis-
à-vis its 12.2 percent acceleration in the previous year due to strict adherence to “stay-at-home”
ordinances to stem the transmission of COVID-19 virus. Supported by guidelines on dealing with
business continuity concerns, the industry, services, transport and agriculture sectors recovered
from contraction in their electricity consumption in 2020 with growths of 8.0 percent, 1.9 percent,
28.0 percent and 86.0 percent, respectively, for the current year.
Aggregate biomass2 for end-use applications

50.3 %
2021 TFEC: 35.1 MTOE

reached 7.2 MTOE, 1.2 percent higher than
its year-ago level of 7.1 MTOE. Of this total,
households held majority share of 82.5
21.7 %
20.4 %
percent despite a lackluster growth of its

6.2 %
consumption at a level of 1.1 percent. Food

1.5 %
processing industries and establishments

engaged in food services upped their biomass
consumption by 2.0 percent and 1.4 percent,
Oil Electricity Biomass Coal Biofuels
respectively, and accounted for the remaining products
17.5 percent share. (Figure 4). Figure 4: Total Final Energy Consumption, By Fuel Shares: 2021
Coal accounted for 6.2 percent share to TFEC in 2021. Its consumption grew significantly by
17.4 percent to 2.2 MTOE, bulk of which was for the industry sector’s cement manufacturing
2 Includes charcoal, fuelwood, ricehull, bagasse, agricultural and animal wastes
5
processes. Demand for cement remained robust amidst the pandemic as contruction activities
resumed following health protocols.
Consumption of biofuels (biodiesel and bioethanol) went up by 11.5 percent from 474.8 kTOE of
the previous year to 529.3 kTOE, as utilization of gasoline and diesel picked up with the easing of
mobility restrictions.
Natural gas for non-power applications registered a measly 0.3 kTOE consumption due to
the decision of Philippine Shell Petroleum Corporation (PSPC) to permanently shutdown its
Tabangao refinery in 2020.
B. Total Final Energy Consumption, by Sector

1. Transport
The transport sector was able to bounce back from the previous year’s depressed demand
with a 12.0 percent upturn in its energy consumption. This is primarily atrributed to the easing
of government restrictions on social distancing that raised passenger capacity of public
transportation to around 70 percent3 – which was 40 percent higher than year ago level, coincided
with the height of the COVID pandemic. As more areas were alternately placed under MECQ and
the less strictive GCQ throughout the country in 2021, travel restrictions were gradually lifted and
public mobility was re-amplified with strict adherence and observance of health protocols, which
in turn, boosted the transport sector’s energy consumption back to its pre-pandemic levels.
Road transport took in the lion’s share

of the sector’s energy consumption
90.5% 7.7% at 9.9 MTOE, a notable expansion of
12.2 percent from its year-ago level
of 8.9 MTOE as mobility options
Total Demand: 11.0 MTOE improved across the country. In the
Metro Manila, previously at the center
of ECQ lockdowns, 1,514 routes have
1.8% 0.02% been reopened and 118,238 units of
different public utility vehicles (PUVs)
have resumed their operations as of
Figure 5: Transport Final Energy Consumption, By sub-sector (in percent), 2021
the later part of 2021.
Domestic maritime transport likewise benefited from the relaxation of restrictions initially imposed
due to COVID-19. Vessel operations, cargo handling operations and other related port ancillary
services and activities continued subject to compliance with the Omnibus Guidelines in the
Implementation of community quarantines across the country. As such, energy consumption for
inland water transport improved by 15.9 percent from its year-ago level of 728.0 kTOE to 844.1
kTOE and contributed 7.7 percent share to the sectors’s final energy consumption. Data from the
Philippine Ports Authority (PPA) also indicate higher volume of domestic cargo throughput (3.1
percent), container (9.1 percent) roll-on roll-off (RoRo) traffic (36.6 percent) for the current year
vis-à-vis 20204.
3 Memorandum Circular 2021-064 issued by the Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB)
4 Summary Port Statistics 2020 & 2021 https://www.ppa.com.ph/?q=content/statistics-1
6
Energy consumption for domestic aviation

remained on the downtrend as levels dropped
by 11.3 percent from previous year’s 218.7
kTOE to 194.1 kTOE. Despite eased regulations
for land and water transport, restrictions for air
travel were sustained while multi-layered travel
requirements imposed by local government Gasoline 42.9%
units (LGUs) caused setbacks in the revival of Aviation Fuel Oil

Diesel 49.2% Biofuels 4.3% 1.8% 1.8%
domestic tourism. This is evident in the 21.9
Figure 6: Transport Final Energy Consumption, By Fuel (in
percent reducton in air passenger movement percent), 2021; Note: Fuels with less than 1% shaw res – LPG,
Electricity not shown in the graph
based on the data from Civil Aeronautics Board
(CAB)5.
The country’s mass railway systems, namely Light Rail Transit (LRT) Lines 1 and 2, Metro Rail
Transit (MRT) 3 and Phillipine National Railways (PNR) provided alternative transportation
mode to commuters affected by limited availability of PUVs. With faster train trips, and increased
number of running and operational trains in the mainline6, energy utlization for rail transport
significantly went up by 25.8 percent from its year-ago level of 8.1 kTOE to 10.1 kTOE.
Consumption of gasoline and diesel, primary fuels utilized in the transport sector with an
aggregate share of 92.1 percent (Figure 6), intensified by 13.7 percent and 9.9 percent,
respectively due to lessened mobility restrictions and higher passenger capacities of PUVs
compared to 2020 level. Following the mandated blending schedule, bioethanol and biodiesel
use also grew by 13.7 percent and 4.0 percent, respectively. Increased maritime traffic amplified
fuel oil consumption by as much as 94.3 percent, while aviation fuels slumped by 11.3 percent
due to reduction in the volume of air passenger movement. Auto-LPG continued its descent
and posted further reduction of 36.0 percent in its utilization as fuel for taxis.
2. Households
Subsequent surges of COVID-19 cases across the country caused by the virulent Delta variant
resulted in renewed calls to “stay-at-home”, particularly for the vulnerable populations –
senior citizens, immune-compromised and minors. With relatively similar approach to stem
the spread of COVID-19 vis-à-vis
2020, energy consumption of 5.0%
Kerosene
12.4%
households grew sluggishly by
LPG
1.5 percent from 10.0 MTOE in
Biomass 59.4%
Fuelwood
2020 to 10.2 MTOE in 2021. Total
29.6%
Demand:
10.2 MOTOE Charcoal
40.6%
Biomass consumption stood at Agriwaste
5.9 MTOE, 1.1 percent more Electricity
11.9%
than its level of 5.8 MTOE in the 0.5%
previous year. Among biomass
Figure 7: Energy Consumption of the Residential Sector, By Fuel (in Percent),
types, fuelwood utilized for food 2021
5 Aircraft, Passenger, and Cargo Movements,2020 & 2021 https://caap.gov.ph/aircraft-passenger-and-cargo-movements/

6 “MRT-3 posts highest single-day riders since pandemic”, https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1161632
7
preparation and heating purposes accounted for the largest share to household energy
consumption at 40.6 percent. Electricity was the second most consumed fuel after fuelwood,
with its 29.6 percent share. Used in majority of household activities and equipment, its
consumption levels increased by 2.0 percent from 29.0 MTOE in 2020. As of December 2021,
the proportion of household population with access to electricity was at 95.4 percent, up by
0.9 percentage points or an equivalent 890,503 additional households electrified compared
to 2020.
Favorable LPG prices that prevailed during the year contributed to the 2.4 percent growth
in its consumption as cooking fuel among households. At 1.2 MTOE, it accounted for 11.9
percent share to the sector’s energy consumption during the year. Kerosene completed the
household energy demand mix with 0.5 percent share or 51.4 kTOE, which was 0.8 percent
more than its reported consumption level in 2020.
3. Industry
Aggregate value-added from the industry sector was close to one-thirds of the country’s gross
domestic product (GDP) in 2021 and higher by 8.5 percent – a reversal of its 13.5 percent
decline recorded in 2020 when production activities were limited due to COVID-19 restrictions.
With the turnaround in output, industry’s total energy consumption went up by 7.6 percent
from its year-ago level of 6.3 MTOE to 6.8 MTOE.
The manufacturing sector drove the hike in industry’s energy consumption given its 88.9
percent share to total. As the country’s purchasing managers’ index (PMI) posted a nine (9)
month high of 51.8 in December 20217, energy use in manufacturing processes rose by 7.5
percent from its level of 5.6 MTOE in 2020 to 6.1 MTOE as gains were registered in the following
energy-intensive sub-sectors namely food processing (5.8 percent), cement (20.6 percent),
basic metal (9.5 percent) and machinery/equipment (6.5 percent) (Figure 8).
Eased pandemic Food Processing 19.9%

Cement 15.6% Manufacturing:
restrictions paved the Basic Metal 15.1%
Energy Intensive
Machinery / Equipment
way for the resumption Sugar
9.6%
6.7%
of construction activities, Paper Prod/Printing 4.3%
Chemicals Except Fertilizer 3.8%
as these were tagged Textiles / Apparel 2.9%
Glass / Glass Products
as essential or priority Other Non-Metlc Minerals Manufacturing:
and allowed to operate Wood Prod / Furniture Non-Energy Intensive
Rubber / Rubber Products
at full capacity with strict Fertilizer
Tobacco
compliance to construction Lube Refining
safety guidelines and Other Manufacturing 5.4%

6.0% Mining
protocols approved by Total Demand: 6.8 MTOE
5.1%
Construction
the Department of Public Figure 8: Energy Consumption of the Industrial Sector, By Sub-sector (in percent), 2021
Works and Highways
(DPWH) during the COVID-19 pandemic.8 As most government infrastructure under the “Build,
Build, Build” flagship program and private constructions were hastened to comply with their
delivery targets, the sector’s energy consumption grew outstandingly by 40.2 percent from
7 S&P Global (formerly IHS Marikit) PMI is a measure of manufacturing output https://www.bsp.gov.ph/Statistics/OtherRealSectorAccounts/pmi.pdf
8 https://pinoybuilders.ph/construction-safety-guidelines-ecq/
8
its year-ago level of 250 kTOE to 350 kTOE. Approved building permits, as an indicator of
construction output, likewise increased by as much as 16.9 percent year-on-year based on data
collected by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)9.
The mining subsector contributed to country’s LPG Fuel Oil

2.9% 6.6%
recovery efforts by generating employment, tax Kerosene
0.3%
and export revenues for the government. With
Diesel
the issuance of Executive Order 13010 that lifted
13.0%
the ban on new minerals agreements, aggregate
mining output11 increased by 5.5 percent year-
on-year. However, its energy utlization for 2021 Coal
28.6%
dropped by 8.7 percent from the previous year’s
Electricity
447.76 kTOE to 409.0 kTOE. This is attributed to 34.8%
the contraction in output from the extraction of
crude oil and natural gas, as well as copper ores Biomass
13.5%
registered in 2021. Philex Mining Corporation and
the Carmen Copper Corporation, the country’s Natural Gas
0.01%
major copper mining companies, recorded deficits Biodiesel
0.2%
with the decrease in copper grades from 0.304
Total Demand: 6.8 MTOE
percent to 0.247 percent12 during the year, while
Figure 9: Energy Consumption of the Industry, By Fuel
indigenous production of crude oil and natural gas Shares (in percent), 2021
for each dropped by 14.2 percent.
Electricity dominated the industry sector’s aggregate energy demand mix with its 34.8
percent share at 2.4 MTOE level, 8.0 percent higher than its 2020 level of 2.2 MTOE (Figure
9). Coal, used primarily in the production of cement, accounted for 28.6 percent share. Its
utilization grew significantly by 19.7 percent to meet the build-up in cement demand due to
hastened construction activities. Aggregate consumption of oil products (22.8 percent share)
stood at 1.6 MTOE in 2021, as diesel and LPG posted growth rates of 7.0 and 11.9 percent,
respectively, due to their higher demand as fuels for construction machineries and in food-
related manufacturing industries. On the other hand, fuel oil consumption plunged by 15.1
percent driven by decline in its utilization in the chemical, petrochemical and non-metallic
minerals manufacturing industry. Biomass consumption, with its 13.5 percent share, recorded
a lackluster growth of 2.0 percent as it reached 923.3 kTOE from its year-ago level of 905.3
kTOE. Blending schedule placed biofuel demand at 15.4 kTOE, while utilization of natural gas
recorded a diminished 0.3 kTOE consumption for 2021.
4. Services 13
The services sector, which have consistently accounted for the largest share to the country’s
GDP at around three-fifths (60 percent), expanded by 5.4 percent in 2021, reversing its
contraction of 9.1 percent recorded during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. This
resilient growth trend was hinged on the steady progress in vaccination and easing of
9 Construction Statistics from Approved Building Permits, Fourth Quarter 2021 https://psa.gov.ph/construction/pcs
10 Signed by President Duterte in April 2021; The new EO allows the government to enter into new mineral agreements, subject to compliance with the
Philippine Mining Act of 1995 and other applicable laws, rules and regulations
11 As measured based on gross value added at constant 2018 prices
12 https://atlasmining.com.ph/atlas-mining-net-income-soared-php386-billion-2021
13 Trade and services, excluding Transport
9
quarantines and curfews that led to greater people mobility and revival of businesses,
particularly domestic trade and tourism. These gains contributed to the 5.1 percent uptake
in the total energy consumption of services-providing establishments to 4.9 MTOE in 2021
from its year-ago level of 4.6 MTOE.
Consumption of petroleum products reached Petroleum Products Electricity

2.7 MTOE which translated to a 54.9 percent Biomass Biodiesel
share of the sector’s total energy consumption.

Diesel, consumed for generator sets to ensure
6.8%
unimpeded operation of establishments
particularly those engaged in frontlines services, 0.8%
accounted for 41.8 percent as its consumption Diesel

41.8%
went up by 8.0 percent from 1.9 MTOE in 2020 37.5%
54.9%
to 2.0 MTOE. LPG (9.9 percent share) and fuel oil
(3.2 percent share) also registered increments
in their utilization of 3.6 percent and 22.6
percent, respectively, attributed to increased
LPG
venue/sitting among establishments. Electricity 9.9%
contributed 37.5 percent share as its usage went Fuel Oil
Total Demand: 4.9 MTOE
3.2%
up by 1.9 percent to 1.8 MTOE as most business
Figure 10: Energy Consumption of the Services Sector,
process outsourcing (BPO) companies and By Fuel Shares (in percent), 2021
accommodations establishments maintained
reduced onsite capacities and alternative work arrangements, i.e., WFH. Biomass and
biodiesel completed the sector’s energy demand mix, with their shares of 6.8 percent and
0.8 percent, respectively.
5. Agriculture
In 2021, the agriculture sector’s 172.7 2020

Fishery
recovery slowdown from the 175.4 2021
impact of COVID-19 pandemic
1.4
and the African Swine Fever (ASF) Forestry
1.3
albeit less aggravatedly compared
kTOE
7.3
to 2020. Total agricultural Agri-Services
13.7
output dipped by 1.7 percent
year-on-year after it registered Livestock & 189.9
Poultry 371.1
three (3) consecutive quarters
of contraction14. However, the Crops 65.4
sector’s total energy consumption Production 99.5
significantly increased by - 100.0 200.0 300.0 400.0
51.3 percent to 660.9 kTOE as Figure 11: Energy Consumption of the Agriculture Sector,
By Sub-sector (in kTOE), 2020 vs 2021
agriculture-related processes and
activities were intensified to ensure
unhampered food supply.
14 The first quarter registered -3.3%, while the second and third quarters posted -1.5% and -2.6%, respectively.
10
Energy consumed for livestock and 2.3%

0.1%
0.3%
poultry sub-sector almost doubled (95.4
percent) from 189.9 kTOE in 2020 to 371.1 Electricity
34.2%
kTOE in 2021 as breeders upped their Biodiesel
consumption to meet production targets Diesel
amidst the ASF that persisted during the Gasoline
0.7% 62.5%
year. Production of palay and corn hit
Kerosene
record volumes of 20.0 million metric
Fuel Oil
tons (MMT) and 8.3 MMT, respectively,
in 2021 despite the mobility restrictions
and losses due to Typhoon Odette in Figure 12: Energy Consumption of the Agriculture Sector,
By Fuel (in percent), 2021
December. It translated to the remarkable
increase of 52.2 percent in energy consumption, as levels reached 99.5 kTOE from the previous
year’s 65.4 kTOE to support the farming and harvesting of the country’s major crops, as well as
in other high value and industrial crops. Energy utilized for fishery and aquaculture grew by 1.5
percent and in parallel with the full-year growth in the sub-sector’s gross value added (GVA)
of 1.4 percent for 2021 major fishery commodities (bangus and tilapia)15 registered higher
production volume. Establishments that provide agriculture-support services, such as post-
harvest crop activities and farm-to-market processes, also reported an 86.1 percent jump in
their aggregate energy consumption in 2021. On the other hand, the forestry sub-sector posted
a 10.5 percent decline in its energy use due to slowdown in logging activities and temporary
closure of wood processing plants.
Electricity provided bulk of the sector’s energy requirement in 2021 with its 62.5 percent share,
as levels climbed two-folds from 220.0 kTOE to 413.2kTOE. Among petroleum products, diesel
accounted for 34.2 percent share, as its consumption went up by 13.8 percent to 225.7 kTOE.
Gasoline, fuel oil, biodiesel and kerosene comprised the remaining shares to the sector’s
energy demand mix with shares of 2.3 percent, 0.3 percent, 0.7 percent and 0.1 percent,
respectively.
15 DA FY 2021 Annual Report
11
II. TRANSFORMATION
A. Oil Refining
In 2021, total refinery production output fell by 17.8 percent from previous year’s level of 4.5
MTOE, equivalent to 29.1 million barrels (MMB). Petron Bataan refinery, with a production
capacity of 180,000 barrels per day (bpd), became the country’s lone refinery with the
repurposing of the Pilipinas Shell Petroleum Corporation’s (PSPC) Tabangao refinery into a
world class finished product import terminal aptly named as Shell Import Facility in Tabangao
(SHIFT).
The significant reduction in volume MMB

of crude oil processed was due to the 4.50
intermittent operation of the Petron 4.00
LIGHT
28.3%
refinery throughout the year. This led 3.50 LIGHT

28.8%
to the contraction in the volume of total 3.00
marketable products, particularly that of 2.50
MEDIUM
fuel oil, jet kerosene and diesel, as levels 2.00
53.2%
MEDIUM
dipped by 91.7 percent, 21.3 percent and 1.50
53.6%
16.7 percent, respectively. Declines were 1.00

HEAVY
also registered in other products (gasoline, 0.50 18.5%
HEAVY
17.6%
kerosene, LPG) and zero production -

2020 = 4.5 MTOE 2021 = 3.7 MTOE
output for naphtha during the year. Electricity Fuel Oil Diesel Kerosene Jet Kero
Aggregate refinery production of other Naphtha LPG Gasoline
petroleum products, primarily for non- Figure 13: Refinery Production, by Fuel (in MTOE), 2020 vs 2021
energy uses, accelerated by 27.1 percent

to 641.8 kTOE.
Being the only refinery in operation, Petron continued to invest in refinery enhancements,
service station expansion, and supply chain management. Construction of its new 184-MW
power plant in its refinery complex in Bataan is nearing completion.16
B. Power Generation and Fuel Input
Total generation output for 2021 climbed by 4.3 percent from the previous year’s level of
101.8 tera-watt hour (TWh) to 106.1 TWh. Boosted electricity demand was expected due to
resumption of economic activities across the country, particularly in the NCR as it was the largest
contributor to the last year’s GDP with 31.5 percent share. Coal power plants accounted for
58.5 percent share with 62.1 TWh generation output, followed by natural gas and geothermal
with 18.7 TWh and 10.7 TWH, respectively. The remaining portion of the generation mix were
supplied by hydro (8.7 percent share), combined solar, wind and biomass (3.7 percent share)
and oil (1.5 percent share).
16 https://www.petron.com/news/petron-remains-on-steady-path-to-recovery-closes-2021-with-p6-14-billion-net-income/
12
Inner Circle Inner Circle

Total Power 5.8% 7.1% 2.2% Total Power
2.2%
Generation Generation
101.8 TWh 7.1% 3.6% 8.7% 3.7% 106.1 TWh
29.8% 10.6% 10.1%
28.7%
2.4% 1.5%
19.2% 2020 17.6

2021
1.7% 57.2% 1.3%
58.5%
50.6% 52.3% Outer Circle
8.4% 8.4%
Outer Circle
Total Fuel Input to
Total Fuel Input to
Power Generation
Power Generation
32.0 MTOE
31.0 MTOE
Coal Natural Gas Oil-Based Geothermal
Hydro Solar, Wind and Biomass
Figure 14: Generation and Fuel Input Mix, by Shares (%) 2020 vs 2021
With the hike in electricity demand, total fuel input to power generation moved up by 3.2
percent from 31.0 MTOE in 2020 to 32.0 MTOE in 2021. Given their baseload characteristics,
fossil fuels held the bulk of the country’s input mix at 62.0 percent share. The volume of coal
utilized for power generation increased by 6.7 percent from last year’s 15.7 MTOE to 16.8
MTOE. Thinning reserves of natural gas and oil contributed to 12.2 percent and 19.8 percent
reduction, respectively, in their generation inputs, albeit an aggregate share of 9.7 percent.
Combined fuel inputs from renewable sources, with its 22.4 percent share to generation mix,
grew by 3.6 percent as the 27.0 percent increase in the utilization of hydro offset the setbacks
recorded for geothermal (-0.7 percent) and from aggregated solar, wind and biomass (-1.1
percent).
13
III. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY

Total primary energy supply (TPES) for 2021 reached 59.2 MTOE compared to its previous
level of 56.6 MTOE, an uptick of 4.7 percent although slower compared to the 7.8 percent
escalation in energy demand. Total net imported energy grew faster by 7.6 percent to 28.9
MTOE vis-a-vis the sluggish 2.1 percent growth in indigenous energy as its aggregate levels
reached 30.3 MTOE. With this, energy self-sufficiency fell by 1.31 percentage points from 52.5
percent in 2020 to 51.1 percent in 2021 (Figure 15).
2021 Total Energy
59.2MTOE
Biodiesel Bioethanol Oil
0.3% 0.3% 0.7% Self-Sufficiency: 51.1%
Solar Net Imported
Wind Coal
0.2% Biomass Biofuels 0.3% Natural Gas
0.2% 12.5%
13.4% 4.8%
Net Imported
Hydro
Coal 19.4%
3.2%
Net Imported
Oil 28.3%
Geothermal
Geothermal Indigenous Indigenous 15.5%
16.3% 52.5% 51.1%
Hydro
Net Imported 3.9%
Coal 18.9% Net Imported
Biomass Wind
Natural Gas Oil 29.1% Solar
Coal 12.8% 0.2%
5.8% 0.2%
12.1%
Net Imported
Biofuels 0.3%
Oil Bioethanol Biodiesel
2020 Total Energy 0.8% 0.3% 0.3%
56.6 MTOE
Self-Sufficiency: 52.5%
Figure 15. Total Primary Energy Mix, by Fuel (% Shares), 2020-2021
Coal remained as the country’s top energy source with its 31.9 percent share to TPES. Its
aggregate supply level climbed by 7.8 percent to 18.9 MTOE buoyed by the upswing in local
production and net importation for power generation. Total oil supply comes next with a 29.8
percent share at 17.7 MTOE level for 7.9 percent expansion year-on-year that was sustained
by robust net importation despite dismal indigenous production. With natural gas’ share of 4.8
percent (2.8 MTOE), total fossil fuels accounted for two-thirds (66.5 percent) of the energy mix
for 2021. Aggregate renewable energy completed the remaining 33.5 percent share of the mix,
as its supply grew by 2.9 percent to reach 19.9 MTOE during the year.
A. Indigenous Energy
Total indigenous energy production went up by 2.1 percent to 30.3 MTOE which was around
half (51.1 percent) of the country’s total supply in 2021. Supply levels were boosted by increased
domestic production of coal (8.5 percent) and hydro and other RE (18.0 percent) despite cuts
registered in oil (-14.2 percent) , natural gas (-14.2 percent) and geothermal (-0.7 percent).
Fossil Fuels
i. Oil
Total domestic oil production sank by 14.2 percent in 2021 from its year-ago level of
456.3 kTOE to 391.5 kTOE (0.7 percent share to TPES). Depletion of crude oil reserves
14
has affected the remaining two (2) active petroleum fields in the Philippines, Alegria in
Cebu and the Galoc offshore field in the northwest Palawan basin, as evidenced by 58.2
percent and 9.3 percent reduction in production output, respectively. The volume of
condensate production from the Malampaya gas field,of which 100 percent is exported,
declined by 15.4 percent to 306.6 kTOE.
ii. Coal
Coal production reversed its contraction recorded in the previous year with an 8.4
percent expansion to 7.4 MTOE in 2021 and contributed 12.5 percent share to TPES.
Semirara Mining, the country’s largest coal mine that held the bulk of total domestic coal,
posted a record-high production output of 14.0 million metric tons (MMT) in 2021 - the
highest in its 41-year history17. Aggregate coal production from small-scale mining was
44.6 percent more than its 2020 level and offsetted the diminished output from other coal
mining areas such as Bicol and Cebu.
iii. Natural Gas

Natural gas supply tumbled further by 14.2 percent in 2021 to 2.8 MTOE (121.1 billion
standard cubic feet (BSCF)) vis-à-vis its 2020 level of 3.3 MTOE (141.2 BSCF). The
downtrend is due to the implementation of the scheduled 23 days maintenance
shutdown at the Malampaya Platform in the month of October 2021, as well as the
inevitable depletion of the Malampaya gas field. Natural gas contributed 4.8 percent
share to TPES during the year.
Renewable Energy
i. Geothermal
Geothermal output dipped by 0.7 percent to 9.2 MTOE in 2021 with 30.3 percent share
to total domestic energy production while its share to TPES was 15.5 percent. Despite
the dismal trend in geothermal supply, around 1,928.1 mega-watt (MW)18 of installed
generating capacity from 37 geothermal projects were awarded by end of 2021.
ii. Biomass
Biomass19 energy accounted for around a quarter (25.1 percent) of the total indigenous
energy supply during the year that corresponded to a 12.8 percent share to TPES. While
biomass output marginally increased by 0.6 percent to 7.6 MTOE in 2021, 82 biomass
projects with combined installed capacity of 789.4 MW were awarded during the year20,
bulk of which were located in the Visayas island.
iii. Hydro
Hydro supply contributed 7.5 percent share to the total indigenous energy supply and
3.9 percent share to TPES. Heigthened rainfall due to the La Niña phenomenon in 2021
proved beneficial as hydropower production soared by 27.7 percent from last year’s
17 https://www.philstar.com/business/2022/03/01/2163997/semirara-earnings-reach-record-p162-billion-2021
18 https://www.doe.gov.ph/renewable-energy?q=renewable-energy/summary-of-re-projects
19 Includes charcoal, fuelwood, rice hull bagasse, agriculture, animal and municipal wastes
15
level of 1.8 MTOE to 2.3 MTOE. Additional hydro capacity of 1,106.8 MW from the 416
hydropower projects were likewise awarded during the year.21
iv. Solar
The country’s solar energy supply has been consistently on an uptrend due to its
characteristic as a sustainable energy source. While it represented a meager 0.2 percent of
the TPES in 2021, its levels went up by 71 percent from its year-ago level of 118.0 kTOE to
126.4 kTOE. This increasing trend of solar energy production will continue in the coming
year as 307 solar projects with total installed capacity of 1,317.3 MW were awarded by
end of 2021.22
v. Wind
Wind energy’s share to the total energy mix for 2021 was only at 0.2 percent. However,
output levels surged remarkbly by 23.7 percent from last year’s 88.3 kTOE to 109.2 kTOE.
In addition, there were a total of 109 awarded wind energy projects during the year with
a total installed capacity of 442.9 MW.23
vi. Biofuels
Easing of mobility restrictions encouraged increasing demand for petroleum products,
particularly diesel and gasoline. With the uptick in the consumption of these fuels
coupled with strict compliance to the mandated blending, domestic supply of biodiesel
and bioethanol swelled by 19.2 percent and 29.3 percent, respectively. Currently, there
are thirteen (13) biodiesel producers with combined capacites of 707.924 million liters
while thirteen (13) bioethanol facilities with 425.525 million liters in operation. Four (4)
biofuel producers were likewise awarded with certificate of registration with notice to
proceed / on-going construction.26
B. Net Energy Imports27
The resumption of economic activity and eased quarantine restrictions during most parts of
2021 allowed for the gradual recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as provided the
impetus for heightened energy consumption vis-à-vis 2020. To meet the increasing domestic
energy demand, the country’s net energy imports grew by 7.6 percent, compensating lackluster
performance of indigenous energy production. The volume of net imported energy reached 28.9
MTOE in 2021, of which more than half (59.6 percent share) were oil and other oil products, while
coal and ethanol contributed 39.7 percent share and 0.6 percent shares, respectively (Figure 16).
Despite the uptrend in international prices and global demand, oil import bill reached reached
18.7 MTOE, up by 8.2 percent from its 2020 level of 17.3 MTOE, and composed of 78.6 percent
finished oil products and 21.4 percent crude oil. With only Petron’s Bataan refinery in operation
during the year and the conversion of the PSPC’s Tabangao refinery to an import terminal, imports
22 Ibid
23 Ibid
24 https://www.doe.gov.ph/renewable-energy?q=renewable-energy/biodiesel
25 https://www.doe.gov.ph/renewable-energy?q=renewable-energy/bioethanol
26 Ibid
27 This is derived as total primary energy supply (TPES) less indigenous production. Alternatively, it can also be calculated as the sum of imports and stock
change (+/-) less exports and international bunkers (aviation and marine)
16
of finished petroleum Biofuels

products soared by 14.4 0.6%
percent to 14.7 MTOE, while

crude oil fell by 9.9 percent Crude 12.8%
to 4.0 MTOE in 2021. China Gasoline 10.4%

Coal Petroleum
was the biggest import 39.7% Products
market of finished products 59.6% Diesel 23.7%
with 30.0 percent share, LPG 6.3%
followed by Singapore and Fuel Oil 3.2%
Other PP 3.3%
South Korea at 17.3 percent
and 13.0 percent shares,
Figure 16. Net Energy Imports, by Fuel (% Shares), 2021
respectively. Meanwhile,
bulk (95.7 percent share) of the crude oil import volume was sourced from the Middle East,
while Russia and Brunei supplied the remaining fraction (4.3 percent share).
With the reduction in domestic crude output from the Galoc field, crude oil exports
plummeted by 75.0 percent from the previous year’s 340.1 kTOE to 84.9 kTOE. The same
trend is exhibited by condensate exports from the Malampaya gas field with a downtrend
15.4 percent to 306.6 kTOE. Lower refinery output was the culprit behind the 41.6 percent
plunge in exports of finished petroleum products to 554.0 kTOE, with Thailand as the major
export market at 27.2 percent share.
Coal imports reached 16.5 MTOE in 2021, 5.8 percent more than its year-ago level of 15.6
MTOE buoyed by its intensified utilization for power generation and cement manufacturing.
Indonesia dominated the country’s coal imports with its 97.7 percent share, while Vietnam,
Australia and Russia partook in the remaining 2.3 percent shares
The robust production output from the country’s coal mines, particularly from the Semirara
Island in Antique, boosted coal exports to a double-digit hike of 23.6 percent from its 2020
volume of 4.0 MTOE to 4.9 MTOE in 2021. Increased requirement for Philippine coal were
likewise observed among its export market - China (94.7 percent share) registered a 22.2
percent uptrend, while South Korea’s demand increased four-folds in 2021 compared to
2020.
The uptick in domestic production of bioethanol contributed to the 6.5 percent decline in
bioethanol imports from its 2020 level of 134.6 kTOE to 125.9 kTOE in 2021.
17
IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

Total greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) rebounded by 6.4 percent to 130.4 million ton of CO2
equivalent (MtCO2e) in 2021 from last year’s 122.6 MtCO2e as economic activity across the
country resumed and mobility restrictions were eased (Table 2).
Table 1: GHG Emission, by Sector: 2020 vs 2021
Total GHG Total GHG

CO2 Emission Total NonCO2
Emission*** Emission
Sector (MtCO2e) Emission (MtCO2e)
(MtCO2e) (% Change)
2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020-2021

Electricity 70.7 73.6 0.3 0.3 71.0 73.9 4.1
Transport 28.0 31.3 0.2 0.2 28.2 31.5 12.0
Industry 11.3 12.4 0.1 0.1 11.3 12.5 10.4
Other Sectors* 11.3 12.0 0.1 0.1 11.4 12.1 6.8
Energy** 0.8 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.4 (49.2)
Total 122.0 129.8 0.6 0.6 122.6 130.4 6.4
Change in
% Distribution
Distribution
Electricity 57.9 56.7 45.8 44.9 57.9 56.6 (1.2)
Transport 22.9 24.1 32.1 33.5 23.0 24.2 1.2
Industry 9.2 9.6 9.8 10.4 9.2 9.6 0.3
Other 9.2 9.3 12.0 11.1 9.3 9.3 0.0
Energy 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.3 (0.3)
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
*includes emission from the services, households and agriculture
**includes losses incurred in oil refining
*** Updated using GWP Values, Fifth Assessment Report, 2014 (AR5) and EF based on 2006 IPCC Guidelines (Tier 1)
GHG emissions from the transport sector registered the fastest turnaround of 12.0 percent to
31.5 MTCO2e vis-a-vis 28.2 MTCO2e a year-ago as all transportation modes were recommenced.
Return to full operational capacity of factories and industrial complexes pushed the industry
sector’s GHG emission to 12.5 MTCO2e or 10.4 percent higher than its 2020 level of 11.3
MTCO2e, while aggregate GHG emission from households, services and agriculture went up
by 6.8 percent to 12.1 MTCO2e. Since bulk of generation output were from coal-fired power
plants, GHG emission from power generation was the biggest contributor to the total GHG
emissions with its 56.6 percent share. It registered 73.9 MTCO2e for 2021, up by 4.1 percent
from its previous year’s level of 71.0 MTCO2e.
Emissions from the utilization of coal contributed the largest share to total GHG emission at
56.8 percent share (Table 3). This translated to 74.0 MtCO2e, in 2021, which is 7.9 percent
greater than its year-ago level of 68.6 MtCO2e due to the increase in coal use for power
generation and cement manufacturing. As the transport sector upped its consumption of oil
during the year, emissions from oil likewise rebounded 7.7 percent to 49.8 MtCO2e from its
2020 level of 46.3 MtCO2e. Declined utilization of natural gas for both power and non-power
applications resulted to a 14.2 percent drop in the fuel’s GHG emissions for the same year.
18
The impact of implementation of Figure 17. Actual GHG Emission, Hypothetical GHG Emission and GHG
Avoidance: 2000 – 2021
policies and programs focused
155
on decarbonization of the energy
145 Avoided
sector and mitigation measures 16.2 MTCO e in 2021 - 11.1 % 2
135 15.0 MTCO e in 2020 - 10.9 % 2
to address climate change is
125
reflected in the volume of GHG
MTCO2e
115
emission avoided. Of the total 105
hypothetical28 GHG emission 95
in 2021 as shown in Figure 85
17 and Table 4, 16.2 MtCO2e 75
were avoided GHG emissions 65
in the energy sector, albeit an 55
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
increase of 7.9 percent from its
year ago level of 15.0 MtCO2e. GHG avoidance Hypothetical GHG emission @ 2000 EI & EF
Actual GHG emission
Continued preference and
Note: Hypothetical GHG Emission is equivalent to Actual GHG Emission plus
reliance on RE and natural gas in GHG Emission Avoidance; GHG Base year is CY 2000 GHG Emission Level
the country’s power generation
mix contributed 4.7 MtCO2e of
avoided GHG emission, while efficiency in fossil fuels and electricity, biofuels blending and
natural gas further reduced hypothetical GHG emission by 7.9 percent or 11.5 MtCO2e
Table 4. CO2 Avoidance from the Mitigation Measures (in ktCO2e)
Reduction Reduction
GHG Reduction Measures 2020 2021 % Change
Impact* % Impact* %
Demand side 10,649.0 7.7 11,514.5 7.9 8.1
Efficiency in Electricity
3,167.9 2.3 3,271.2 2.2 3.3
Consumption (EEC)
Efficiency in Fossil Fuel

5,930.4 4.3 6,145.2 4.2 3.6
Consumption (EEF)
Biofuel 1,550.7 1.1 2,098.1 1.4 35.3
CNG/NG 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21.0
Supply side
Fuel Diversification in Power

4,397.7 3.2 4,718.2 3.2 7.3
Generation @ 2018 GDP & EF**
Total Avoidance (Demand +

15,046.7 10.9 16,232.7 11.1 7.9
Supply - EEC)
Actual GHG Emission 122,582.7 130,449.1 6.4
Hypothetical GHG Emission
137,629.4 146,681.8 6.6
(Actual + Total Avoidance)
*Refers to the percent reduced emission (Total Avoidance / Hypothetical GHG Emission x 100)
** Includes efficiency in Power Generation and EEC
28 Refers to actual GHG emission plus total avoidance; or the level of GHG emission if there were no mitigation measures being adopted.
19
V. Energy – Economy and

Environmental Indicators29
The country’s gross domestic product (GDP) bounced back with a 5.7 percent expansion
in 2021 as the government’s accelerated vaccination program provided the impetus in the
gradual reopening of the economy and renewed consumer and business confidence. Most
of the economic sectors recovered from their downtrend during the first year of the pandemic
(2020) and recorded higher gross value added (GVA) for 2021. The industry and services
sectors, prime movers of economic growth with their aggregate share to GDP of 90.4 percent,
registered robust growths of 8.5 and 5.4 percent, respectively, as improved people mobility
pushed the strong recovery of business operations, particularly transportation, domestic
tourism, and wholesale and retail trade. On the other hand, the agriculture sector accounted
for the remaining share to GDP and contracted by 0.3 percent due to challenges caused by
persistent African Swine Fever (ASF) and devastating typhoons
On the demand side, household consumption expenditure contributed close to three-fourths

(72.6 percent share) of GDP with an increase of 4.2 percent in 2021 driven by improved
consumer traffic. Increased public spending, resilient investment, particularly on major public
infrastructure projects, and revived global trade in goods and services, also boosted GDP
growth.
A. Energy Intensity
Despite the resumption of economic 8.0

activities, amount of energy consumed 2020
2021
per unit of economic output tempered
5.8
down. The economy-wide energy 6.0 5.7
intensity fell by 0.4 percent to 3.2
tonnes of oil equivalent per million
pesos of real GDP (TOE/MPhp) in 2021, 4.0 3.3
3.2
while electricity intensity posted at
5.7 watt-hour per peso (Wh/Php) and
2.0
oil intensity remained constant at 0.8
barrels per Php100,000 (Figure 18). 0.8 0.8
By major GDP sub-sector group, the
-
services sector, inclusive of the energy- Electricity Energy Oil
(Wh/Php) (TOE/PhpM) (BBL/P100k)
intensive transport sub-sector, made
Figure 18. Energy Intensities: 2020 vs 2021
use of 1.1 TOE for every Php 1 million of
its aggregate output in 2021, higher by
5.4 percent from the previous year due to increased energy consumption given the reopening
of establishments. Industry’s energy intensity stood at 0.2 TOE/MPhp, slightly lower than its
year-ago level of 0.3 TOE/MPhp, while the agriculture sector, remained unchanged at 0.1 TOE/
MPhp.
29 GDP figures as based on the PSA National Accounts of the Philippines (NAP), as of April 2022 (rebased 2018)
20
B. Energy Elasticity
The challenging recovery of the country’s 2.0

economy due to the resurgence of COVID 2020
2021
19 cases is reflected in the energy-to-GDP 1.6
1.5
elasticity, measured as the percentage change 1.5
in energy demand for every percentage
change in GDP. Energy-to-GDP elasticity values
were at 0.9 units, showing that adjustments 1.0
0.9
0.8
in demand levels were slower compared to
upturn in GDP. On the other hand, oil-to-GDP 0.6
0.5 0.4
elasticity was registered at 1.6 units, indicating
that utilization of oil responded in parallel
fashion to changes in economic output. Lastly,
0.0
electricity-to-GDP elasticity was at 0.8 units, an Electricity Oil Energy
improvement of its 0.4 level recorded in 2020. Figure 19. Energy Elasticities: 2020 vs 2021
C. Energy Per Capita

2.0
2020
Energy per capita values likewise 2021
improved during the second-year of the 1.5 1.36
pandemic as restricitions were lifted 1.26
and movement of people and goods 1.0 0.93 0.96

increased. The amount of energy per
person went up by 4.0 percent which 0.52 0.54
0.5
translated to 0.54 TOE in 2021 from 0.52
TOE in 2020. Likewise, electricity and oil 0.0
per capita picked up by 3.2 percent and Oil Electricity Energy
7.7 percent, respectively during the year (BBL/person) (MWh/person) (TOE/person)
(Figure 20). Figure 20. Energy per capita, 2020 vs 2021
D. GHG Emission Indicators

Both GHG emission per 4.0
megawatt-hour (MWh) 2020
2021
of electricity generation 3.0 2.71 2.75
and GHG emission per 2.17 2.20
unit of economic output 2.0
remained unchanged 1.12 1.18

1.0
at 0.7 tCO2e during 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70
the period (Figure 21).
0.0
Meanwhile, there is an Oil TPES GDP Electricity GHG per Capita
(tCO2e (tCO2e (tCO2e (tCO2e (tCO2e
increment of 1.6 percent /TOE) /TOE) /P100k) /MWh) /person)
and 1.3 percent in the
Figure 21. Environmental Emission Indicators: 2020 vs 2021
level of GHG emission
per TOE for TPES and oil, respectively. Re-opening of businesses and resumption of economic
activities resulted to a 5.3 percent upswing in GHG emission per capita which reached 1.2
tCO2e/person during the year.
21
22
2021 Energy Balance Table
In thousand tons of oil equivalent (kTOE)
Oil & Oil

Coal Natgas Hydro Geothermal Solar Wind Biomass Biodiesel Bioethanol Electricity Total
Products
Indigeneous 7,414.4 2,820.2 85.0 2,286.6 9,184.4 126.4 109.2 7,611.4 156.6 200.1 - 30,300.6
Imports (+) 16,487.9 - 18,667.3 - - - - - - 125.9 - 35,281.1
Exports (-) (4,907.5) - (638.9) - - - - - - - - (5,853.0)
International Marine Bunkers (-) - - (70.8) - - - - - - - - (70.8)
International Civil Aviation (-) - - (534.9) - - - - - - - - (534.9)
Stock Change (+/-) (81.3) - 145.3 - - - - - 14.0 42.6 - 120.6
Total Primary Energy Supply 18,913.42 2,820.16 17,652.84 2,286.61 9,184.37 126.36 109.17 7,611.39 170.62 368.53 - 59,243.47
Refinery (Crude Run) - - (211.3) - - - - - - - - (211.3)

Power Generation (Fuel Input) (16,751.2) (2,698.3) (402.1) (2,286.6) (9,184.4) (126.4) (109.2) (454.1) (9.9) - - (32,022.1)
Transmission/Dist Loss (-) 5,335.5 1,605.8 - - - - - - - - (857.1) (857.1)
Energy Sector Use & Loss (-) - (121.5) (39.1) - - - - - - - (646.7) (807.3)
Net Domestic Supply 2,162.2 0.3 17,000.3 - - - - 7,157.3 160.7 368.5 7,620.4 34,469.8
Statistical Difference (662.0)

% Statistical Difference (1.9)
Total Final Energy Consumption 2,162.25 0.35 17,662.29 - - - - 7,157.27 160.74 368.53 7,620.40 35,131.83
Industry 1,949.6 0.3 1,555.3 - - - - 923.3 15.4 - 2,375.2 6,819.2
Transport - - 10,505.2 - - - - - 100.9 368.5 8.4 10,983.0
Households - - 1,266.4 - - - - 5,904.4 - - 3,007.8 10,178.6
Services - - 2,662.4 - - - - 329.6 40.0 - 1,815.9 4,847.9
Agriculture - - 243.3 - - - - - 4.5 - 413.2 660.9
Non- Energy Use 212.6 - 1,429.7 - - - - - - - - 1,642.4
Self-Sufficiency (%) 51.1
2020 Energy Balance Table
In thousand tons of oil equivalent (kTOE)
Oil & Oil

Coal Natgas Hydro Geothermal Solar Wind Biomass Biodiesel Bioethanol Electricity Total
Products
Indigeneous 6,835.7 3,288.3 94.1 1,790.4 9,249.2 118.0 88.3 7,563.2 131.4 154.7 - 29,675.5
Imports (+) 15,582.6 - 17,253.5 - - - - - - 134.6 - 32,970.7
Exports (-) (3,971.9) - (1,288.0) - - - - - - - - (5,622.1)
International Marine Bunkers (-) - - (100.7) - - - - - - - - (100.7)
International Civil Aviation (-) - - (567.1) - - - - - - - - (567.1)
Stock Change (+/-) 900.2 - 1,061.4 - - - - - 25.4 34.5 - 221.1
Total Primary Energy Supply 17,546.18 3,288.34 16,453.22 1,790.39 9,249.20 118.02 88.26 7,563.25 156.78 323.77 - 56,577.41
Refinery (Crude Run) - - (201.4) - - - - - - - - (201.4)
Power Generation (Fuel Input) (15,704.8) (3,074.5) (507.7) (1,790.4) (9,249.2) (118.0) (88.3) (491.0) (5.7) - - (31,029.6)
Transmission/Dist Loss (-) 5,002.2 1,676.4 - - - - - - - - (837.6) (837.6)
Energy Sector Use & Loss (-) - (176.7) (125.1) - - - - - - - (754.2) (1,056.0)
Net Domestic Supply 1,841.4 37.2 15,619.0 - - - - 7,072.2 151.1 323.8 7,157.6 32,202.3
Statistical Difference
% Statistical Difference
Total Final Energy Consumption 1,841.41 37.20 16,009.24 - - - - 7,072.24 151.06 323.77 7,157.59 32,592.51
Industry 1,629.2 37.2 1,552.7 - - - - 905.3 13.1 - 2,198.3 6,335.8
Transport - - 9,381.3 - - - - - 97.0 323.8 6.5 9,808.6
Households - - 1,237.7 - - - - 5,841.9 - - 2,948.5 10,028.1
Services - - 2,466.8 - - - - 325.1 37.0 - 1,782.2 4,611.1
Agriculture - - 210.9 - - - - - 3.9 - 222.0 436.8
Non- Energy Use 212.2 - 1,159.9 - - - - - - - - 1,372.1
Self-Sufficiency (%) 52.5
23
24
K E Y E N E R G Y S TAT I S T I C S
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Energy-Economy Interaction............................................................... 27
Economic Parameters........................................................................................................ 27
Energy Intensity................................................................................................................... 28
Energy-to-GDP Elasticity.................................................................................................. 29
Energy Per Capita................................................................................................................ 29
Energy and Environment....................................................................... 30

GHG Emission, by Sector and Activity.......................................................................... 30
GHG Emission, by Fuel Type............................................................................................. 30
Environmental Emission Indicators............................................................................... 31
Energy........................................................................................................ 32
Total Primary Energy Supply Mix................................................................................... 32
Total Final Energy Consumption, by Sector and Fuel Type.................................... 34
Oil and Gas................................................................................................. 36

Oil and Gas Production, by Source................................................................................. 36
Crude Oil Importation, by Country of Source............................................................ 37
Petroleum Products Importation, by Fuel Type......................................................... 38
Petroleum Products Importation, by Country of Source........................................ 39
Petroleum Products Exportation, by Country of Destination............................... 41
Petroleum Products Consumption, by Sector and Fuel Type................................ 42
Petroleum Products Consumption, by Type............................................................... 44
Petroleum Products Consumption, by Sector............................................................ 45
Coal.............................................................................................................. 46
Coal Production, by Source.............................................................................................. 46
Coal Importation, by Country of Source...................................................................... 47
Coal Exportation, by Country of Destination.............................................................. 48
Coal Consumption, by Major Type of User................................................................... 49
Renewable Energy Production............................................................ 50

Biomass Production, by Fuel Type................................................................................. 50
Geothermal, Hydro, Wind/Solar...................................................................................... 51, 52
25
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Power.......................................................................................................... 53
Installed Generating Capacity ........................................................................................ 53
Power Generation, by Source.......................................................................................... 54
Power Consumption, by Sector....................................................................................... 56
Regional Household Electrification Level................................................................... 57
Transmission Profile........................................................................................................... 58
Glossary...................................................................................................... 60
Units of Measurement............................................................................ 61
Conversion Table..................................................................................... 62
26
Energy and Economy

Energy and Economic Indicators
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

GDP (in billion pesos: at constant
11,615.4 12,416.5 13,254.6 14,096.0 14,990.9 16,062.7
2018 prices)
Total Final Energy Consumption

25.2 25.8 27.3 28.5 31.0 33.5
(in MTOE)
Total Primary Energy Supply (in

41.9 43.5 45.0 47.0 51.3 54.6
MTOE)
Population (in million) 94.2 96.5 98.2 99.9 101.6 103.2
Forex (in Pesos/USD) 43.9 41.2 44.4 44.6 47.2 49.8
Average Crude Price (in USD /
106.2 109.0 105.0 97.0 50.9 42.2
barrel)
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

GDP (in billion pesos: at constant
17,176.0 18,265.2 19,382.8 17,537.8 18,538.1 4.8%
2018 prices)
Total Final Energy Consumption

35.5 35.7 36.3 32.6 35.1 3.4%
(in MTOE)
Total Primary Energy Supply (in

58.0 59.7 59.9 56.6 59.2 3.5%
MTOE)
Population (in million) 104.9 106.6 108.3 109.0 110.2 1.6%
Forex (in Pesos/USD) 49.9 52.7 50.7 48.0 51.3 1.6%
Average Crude Price (in USD /
54.2 69.4 66.8 49.8 69.2 -4.2%
barrel)
*AAGR - Average Annual Growth Rate
GDP vs. Total Energy Supply

25,000 70.0
GDP (billion Php @ constant 1985 price)
60.0
20,000 200000
50.0
Energy (MTOE)
15,000 150000
40.0
10,000 100000
30.0
20.0
5,000 50000
10.0
0 0.0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
GDP Energy Supply
Sources:
Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Population -National Accounts, Philippine Statistical Authority (Rebased 2018)
Foreign Exchange Rate - Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP)
Energy Supply - Policy Formulation and Research Division (PFRD), DOE
Crude Oil Price - Oil Industry Management Bureau (OIMB), DOE
27
Indicator 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Intensity
Energy to GDP** (TOE/Php 1M) 3.59 3.46 3.40 3.36 3.42 3.39
Oil to GDP (BBL/Php 100,000) 0.85 0.83 0.83 0.84 0.90 0.91
Electricity to GDP (Wh/Php) 5.96 5.87 5.68 5.48 5.50 5.65
Elasticity
Energy to GDP 0.47 0.46 0.69 0.82 1.29 0.89
Oil to GDP 1.52 0.65 0.87 1.21 2.33 1.09
Electricity to GDP 0.55 0.79 0.48 0.42 1.05 1.42
Energy Per Capita (TOE/person) 0.44 0.45 0.46 0.47 0.50 0.53
Indicator 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Intensity
Energy to GDP** (TOE/Php 1M) 3.36 3.25 3.13 3.25 3.23 -1.0%
Oil to GDP (BBL/Php 100,000) 0.90 0.85 0.83 0.79 0.81 -0.5%
Electricity to GDP (Wh/Php) 5.49 5.46 5.47 5.80 5.72 -0.4%
Elasticity
Energy to GDP 0.86 0.43 0.37 0.64 0.90 6.8%
Oil to GDP 0.88 0.14 0.45 1.48 1.55 0.2%
Electricity to GDP 0.57 0.90 1.03 0.42 0.75 3.2%
Energy Per Capita (TOE/person) 0.55 0.56 0.55 0.52 0.54 1.9%
* average annual growth rate

** GDP Rebased 2018 @ constant price
Energy Intensity
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0 3
2.0 2
1.0 1
0.0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
4.0 1.0
Energy (TOE/Php 1M) Oil (BBL/Php 100,000) Electricity (Wh/Php)
28 0.4
Elasticity
2.50
2.00
1.50
1.00
3
0.50
1
-
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
4.0 1.0
Energy to GDP Oil to GDP Electricity to GDP
29
Energy and Environment

GHG Emission
by Sector and Activity
MtCO2e(1)
Sector and Activity 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Industry 11.57 10.71 12.36 12.88 13.20 15.29
Transport 23.42 24.38 25.48 26.45 30.60 33.11
Others (2)
5.97 5.87 6.31 7.15 7.06 8.59
Electricity Generation 32.70 35.00 40.69 43.63 47.49 51.61
Energy(3) 0.99 1.10 0.94 1.11 0.96 0.66
Total 74.65 77.07 85.78 91.22 99.30 109.25
Sector and Activity 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Industry 16.63 14.22 13.18 11.32 12.50 0.8%
Transport 34.19 35.38 36.63 28.16 31.54 3.0%
Others (2)
10.16 10.63 11.27 11.35 12.13 7.3%
Electricy Generation 59.00 64.60 70.32 70.95 73.88 8.5%
Energy(3) 0.71 0.75 1.05 0.79 0.40 -8.6%
Total 120.69 125.58 132.45 122.58 130.45 5.7%
Notes:
(1) Million tons of CO2 Equivalent (MTCO2e)
(2) includes Household, Services and Agriculture Sectors
(3) includes Oil refining, Electricity and other Energy sector own use and losses
*average annual growth rate
GHG Emission
by Fuel Type
MtCO2e
Fuel type 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Liquid Fossils (Oil) 36.80 38.15 39.85 42.56 47.15 50.47
Solid Fossils (Coal) 30.21 31.58 39.18 41.56 45.48 51.13
Gaseous Fossil (Natural Gas) 7.65 7.33 6.75 7.10 6.68 7.65
Total 74.65 77.07 85.78 91.22 99.30 109.25
Fuel type 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Liquid Fossils (Oil) 52.47 53.06 55.31 46.26 49.81 3.1%
Solid Fossils (Coal) 60.67 64.10 68.66 68.63 74.05 9.4%
Gaseous Fossil (Natural Gas) 7.55 8.42 8.48 7.69 6.60 -1.5%
Total 120.69 125.58 132.45 122.58 130.45 5.7%
30
Environmental Emission Indicators
GHG emission is expressed in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) which accounts for the global
warming potential (GWP) of CH4 and N2O, as prescribed by the Inter-governmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC). GWP is the ratio of the warming resulting from the emission of one
kilogram of a greenhouse gas to that of one kilogram emission of CO2 over a fixed period of
time (i.e. CH4 and N2O GWP is 21 times and 310 times the CO2 emission, respectively)
Indicator 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

GHG emission-to-GDP ratio
0.64 0.62 0.65 0.65 0.66 0.68
(tCO2e/PhP 100K, 2000=100)
GHG emission per capita

0.79 0.80 0.87 0.91 0.98 1.06
(tCO2e/person)
GHG emission per Electricity Generation

0.47 0.48 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.57
(tCO2e/MWh)
GHG emission per Oil consumption

2.68 2.58 2.65 2.65 2.48 2.51
(tCO2e/TOE)
GHG emission per TPES

1.78 1.77 1.91 1.94 1.94 2.00
(tCO2e/TOE)
Indicator 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

GHG emission-to-GDP ratio
0.70 0.69 0.68 0.70 0.70 0.9%
(tCO2e/PhP 100K, 2000=100)
GHG emission per capita

1.15 1.18 1.22 1.12 1.18 4.1%
(tCO2e/person)
GHG emission per Electricity Generation

0.63 0.65 0.66 0.70 0.70 3.9%
(tCO2e/MWh)
GHG emission per Oil consumption

2.51 2.54 2.77 2.71 2.75 0.3%
(tCO2e/TOE)
GHG emission per TPES

2.08 2.10 2.21 2.17 2.20 2.1%
(tCO2e/TOE)
31
Energy Mix
Total Primary Energy Supply Mix
Net Imported
Ethanol 2021
0.3%
Net Imported Coal
19.4%
Oil 0.7%
Natural Gas 4.8%
Coal 12.5%
Hydro 3.9%
Indigenous
Energy
Net Imported Oil Geothermal 15.5%
51.1%
29.1%
Biomass 12.8%
Wind/Solar 0.4%
CME/Ethanol 0.6%
Total: 59.2 MTOE

Self Sufficiency - 51.1 %
Net Imported
Ethanol 2022
0.3%
Net Imported Coal
18.9%
Oil 0.8%
Natural Gas 5.8%
Coal 12.1%
Hydro 3.2%
Indigenous
Net Imported Oil Energy
Geothermal 16.3%
28.3% 52.5%
Biomass 13.4%
Wind/Solar 0.4%
CME/Ethanol 0.5%
Total: 56.6 MTOE

Self Sufficiency - 52.5 %
32
Total Energy and Self-Sufficiency Level
In kTOE
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Indigenous Energy 25,706 26,248 25,469 26,606 26,881 29,405
Oil 842 700 680 849 715 702
Natural Gas 3,269 3,134 2,887 3,036 2,854 3,270
Coal 3,648 3,874 3,747 4,012 3,894 5,917
Hydro 2,414 2,552 2,494 2,275 2,157 2,019
Geothermal 8,549 8,813 8,258 8,863 9,496 9,519
Biomass 6,874 7,035 7,237 7,356 7,431 7,494
Wind 8 6 6 13 64 84
Solara 0.10 0.11 0.12 1.42 12 94
Biodiesel 101 113 125 134 164 178
Bioethanol 2 21 35 66 94 127
Imported Energy 16,145 17,275 19,520 20,383 24,393 25,185
Oil 11,945 12,906 13,075 13,571 16,496 17,844
Coal 4,078 4,210 6,255 6,630 7,721 7,169
Bioethanol 121 159 190 182 176 172
Total Energy 41,851 43,524 44,989 46,990 51,274 54,590
Rnewable Energy (RE) 18,068 18,700 18,345 18,891 19,594 19,687
Clean Energy (RE + Natural Gas) 21,337 21,834 21,232 21,927 22,448 22,957
Self Sufficiency (%) 61.4 60.3 56.6 56.6 52.4 53.9
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Indigenous Energy 29,515 29,977 30,906 29,676 30,301 1.7%
Oil 622 594 523 456 392 -7.4%
Natural Gas 3,226 3,601 3,626 3,288 2,820 -1.5%
Coal 6,298 6,204 7,258 6,836 7,414 7.4%
Hydro 2,393 2,336 1,998 1,790 2,287 -0.5%
Geothermal 8,831 8,973 9,192 9,249 9,184 0.7%
Biomass 7,651 7,725 7,736 7,563 7,611 1.0%
Wind 94 99 90 88 109 30.6%
Solara 103 107 107 118 126 48.2%
Biodiesel 167 168 178 131 157 4.5%
Bioethanol 131 170 199 155 200 7.1%
Imported Energy 28,443 29,739 28,946 26,902 28,943 6.0%
Oil 19,048 19,400 18,532 15,997 17,261 3.7%
Coal 9,177 10,145 10,224 10,710 11,499 10.9%
Bioethanol 219 194 190 194 183 4.2%
Total Energy 57,958 59,717 59,852 56,577 59,243 3.5%
Rnewable Energy (RE) 19,588 19,772 19,690 19,290 19,857 0.9%
Clean Energy (RE + Natural Gas) 22,814 23,373 23,316 22,578 22,677 0.6%
Self Sufficiency (%) 50.9 50.2 51.6 52.5 51.1
a) AAGR from 2015 to 2021
33
Energy Consumption
Total Final Energy Consumption, by Sector and Fuel Type*
In kTOE
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Industry 5,948 5,806 6,312 6,529 6,750 7,449
Coal 1,838 1,671 2,082 2,261 2,218 2,677
Natural Gas 77 58 62 77 50 65
Oil 1,317 1,273 1,278 1,206 1,382 1,458
Biomass(a) 1,047 1,067 1,099 1,131 1,152 1,164
Biodiesel 6 12 13 11 12 13
Electricity 1,662 1,726 1,778 1,843 1,936 2,074
Transport 7,983 8,364 8,784 9,133 10,557 11,425
Natural Gas ***
1.08 1.19 0.81 0.08 - -
Oil 7,770 8,092 8,460 8,782 10,151 10,986
Biodiesel 94 89 92 96 116 121
Bioethanol 108 172 222 246 281 309
Electricity 10 10 10 10 8 9
Households 7,991 8,171 8,386 8,488 8,731 9,035
Oil 916 901 880 862 973 1,122
Biomass(b) 5,468 5,577 5,733 5,823 5,802 5,709
Electricity 1,607 1,693 1,772 1,803 1,956 2,204
Services 2,739 2,830 3,038 3,397 3,370 3,865
Oil 979 965 1,121 1,432 1,292 1,632
Biomass(c) 318 323 327 332 337 340
Biodiesel 13 13 15 20 14 21
Electricity 1,429 1,529 1,574 1,613 1,727 1,872
Agriculture 302 318 352 354 401 450
Oil 186 181 189 172 194 229
Biodiesel 1 3 4 3 4 4
Electricity 115 133 160 178 203 218
Non-Energy Use 220 285 428 605 1,179 1,306
Oil 117 172 314 450 1,047 1,129
Coal 103 113 114 154 132 177
Total 25,182 25,774 27,299 28,506 30,988 33,530
34
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR**

Industry 7,925 7,523 7,306 6,336 6,819 1.4%
Coal 3,008 2,411 2,217 1,629 1,950 0.6%
Natural Gas 53 59 62 37 0.35 -41.7%
Oil 1,470 1,469 1,381 1,553 1,555 1.7%
Biomass (a)
1,181 1,199 1,207 905 923 -1.3%
Biodiesel 14 13 15 13 15 9.5%
Electricity 2,199 2,372 2,424 2,198 2,375 3.6%
Transport 11,823 12,238 12,697 9,809 10,983 3.2%
Natural Gas*** - - - - - -47.6%
Oil 11,352 11,753 12,181 9,381 10,505 3.1%
Biodiesel 123 127 127 97 101 0.7%
Bioethanol 339 350 380 324 369 13.0%
Electricity 10 9 9 7 8 -1.3%
Households 9,192 9,431 9,711 10,028 10,179 2.4%
Oil 1,159 1,255 1,312 1,238 1,266 3.3%
Biomass(b) 5,731 5,746 5,772 5,842 5,904 0.8%
Electricity 2,303 2,430 2,627 2,949 3,008 6.5%
Services 4,404 4,668 4,936 4,611 4,848 5.9%
Oil 2,074 2,223 2,360 2,467 2,662 10.5%
Biomass (c)
345 350 353 325 330 0.4%
Biodiesel 28 30 33 37 40 12.2%
Electricity 1,958 2,065 2,191 1,782 1,816 2.4%
Agriculture 516 440 473 437 661 8.1%
Oil 290 208 229 211 243 2.7%
Biodiesel 5 4 4 4 4 12.6%
Electricity 220 228 240 222 413 13.7%
Non-Energy Use 1,613 1,423 1,137 1,372 1,642 22.3%
Oil 1,458 1,261 996 1,160 1,430 28.4%
Coal 155 162 141 212 213 7.6%
Total 35,474 35,723 36,260 32,593 35,132 3.4%
* does not include energy for power application

**average annual growth rate
*** AAGR from 2011-2014
(a) includes ricehull, fuelwood, bagasse, agriwaste and animal waste
(b )includes charcoal, fuelwood, and agriwaste
(c) includes ricehull, charcoal, and fuelwood
35
Oil and Gas

Oil and Gas Production, by Source
6,000 180,000.00
Oil and Condensate (MB)
160,000.00
5,000
140,000.00
GAS (BCF)
4,000 120,000.00
100,000.00
3,000
80,000.00
2,000 60,000.00
40,000.00
1,000
20,000.00
- 0.00
Total Gas Total Oil Total Condensate
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

In MB
Total Oil 2,325.59 1,637.55 1,883.83 3,078.68 2,409.75 2,013.56
Nido(a) 74.86 73.72 84.46 79.11 71.15 53.65
Matinloc(b) 51.49 70.63 66.28 69.83 70.72 72.75
North Matinloc(c) 16.11 10.53 10.03 8.87 8.36 9.12
Galoc 2,183.14 1,482.66 1,723.06 2,920.88 2,259.52 1,878.04
Alegria(d) - - - - - -
Total Condensate 5,072.03 4,594.12 4,083.71 4,172.73 3,746.41 4,136.17
Malampaya Condensate 5,072.03 4,594.12 4,083.71 4,172.73 3,746.41 4,136.17
in MMSCF
Total Gas 140,368 134,563 123,944 130,351 122,541 140,398
Libertad(e) - 72 79 35 15 -
Malampaya Gas 140,368 134,491 123,866 130,316 122,527 140,398
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

In MB
Total Oil 1,586.61 1,263.53 776.09 700.12 632.29 -12.2%
Nido(a) 56.16 51.74 20.63 - - -14.9%
Matinloc(b) 67.49 43.05 1.54 - - -35.5%
North Matinloc(c) 2.10 - - - - -28.8%
Galoc 1,460.85 1,166.76 744.45 695.25 630.25 -11.7%
Alegria(d) - 1.98 9.47 4.87 2.04 -53.6%
Total Condensate 3,913.67 4,061.46 4,006.24 3,469.45 2,936.44 -5.3%
Malampaya Condensate 3,913.67 4,061.46 4,006.24 3,469.45 2,936.44 -5.3%
in MMSCF
Total Gas 138,497 154,622 155,690 141,191 121,089 -1.5%
Libertad(e) - - - - - -41.2%
Malampaya Gas 138,497 154,622 155,690 141,191 121,089 -1.5%

(a) average annual growth rate from 2011 to 2019
(c) average annual growth rate from 2011 to 2017
(d) average annual growth rate from 2019 to 2021
(e) average annual growth rate from 2012 to 2015
36
Crude Oil Importation, by Country of Source
2021
Middle East Saudi Arabia

95.7% 64.2%
UAE 16.1%
Qatar 3.2%
Oman 10.1%
Others Iraq 2.1 %
4.3%
Total: 29,689 MB
2020
Middle East Saudi Arabia

Others 73% 45.7%
25.1%
UAE 1.5%
Kuwait 24.3%
Malaysia Qatar 1.5%
1.9%
Total: 32,942 MB
in MB
Source 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Middle East 52,955 51,032 42,727 49,086 67,855 68,537
Saudi Arabia 30,795 29,784 23,500 37,103 34,427 28,438
Iran(a) 5,874 - - - - -
Kuwait(b) - - - - 16,877 26,448
UAE 14,730 16,230 10,737 6,403 9,087 10,507
Qatar 1,551 5,018 7,439 5,579 7,464 2,618
Oman(c) 6 - - - - 524
Yemen(d) - - 1,050 - - -
Indonesia(e) - 191 162 - - 396
Malaysia 2,102 2,410 1,023 3,583 5,025 4,160
Others** 14,399 9,930 12,273 12,194 5,031 5,544
Total 69,456 63,562 56,186 64,862 77,911 78,637
Source 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Middle East 69,345 45,674 41,521 24,040 28,411 -6.0%
Saudi Arabia 27,097 15,498 15,044 19,059 -4.7%
Iran(a) - - - - -
Iraq(b) 630
Kuwait(c) 24,475 22,589 15,925 7,991 - -13.9%
UAE 13,549 17,759 9,136 506 4,769 -10.7%
Qatar 2,999 4,235 - 498 952 -4.8%
Oman(d) 1,225 1,091 961 - 3,002 41.8%
Yemen(e) - - - - -
Indonesia(f) - 221 - - - 2.5%
Malaysia 916 3,215 4,085 629 - -100.0%
Others** 7,255 7,669 15,061 8,273 1,277 -21.5%
Total 77,516 56,779 60,666 32,942 29,689 -8.1%

(a) only one (1) entry (2011)
(b) only one (1) entry (2021)
(e) only one (1) entry (2013)
(f) average annual growth rate from 2012 to 2018
** includes Singapore, Brunei, Russia, Vietnam, Korea, Australia and other Asia and Pacific Region
37
Oil Products Importation, by Type
2021
Diesel 43.1%
Gasoline 21.2%
LPG 16.8%
IFO/Fuel Oil 6.0%
Jet Fuel 2.8%
Kerosene 0.3%
Others 9.7%
Total: 117,572 MB
2020
Diesel 40.7%
Gasoline 24.3%
LPG 16.6%
IFO/Fuel Oil 6.3%
Jet Fuel 3.3%
Kerosene 0.3%
Others 8.5%
Total: 103,108 MB
in MB
Fuel 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Diesel 18,672 24,941 26,464 30,343 28,375 35,345
Gasoline 11,248 12,378 14,599 14,828 15,148 15,705
LPG 8,599 8,218 9,074 9,299 9,691 11,613
IFO/Fuel Oil 2,287 1,876 2,685 4,901 10,129 7,162
Jet Fuel 4,838 5,928 6,449 6,579 5,722 6,837
Kerosene 247 228 1,490 430 199 252
Others** 781 1,211 1,756 3,279 8,670 9,194
Total 46,671 54,780 62,517 69,658 77,934 86,108
Fuel 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Diesel 40,105 38,784 49,462 41,977 50,655 10.5%
Gasoline 17,162 19,004 18,726 25,038 24,927 8.3%
LPG 13,910 15,224 15,957 17,109 19,723 8.7%
IFO/Fuel Oil 6,921 5,244 5,061 6,481 7,097 12.0%
Jet Fuel 8,928 9,331 11,708 3,408 3,331 -3.7%
Kerosene 317 265 134 304 398 4.9%
Others** 10,073 9,721 7,889 8,791 11,442 30.8%
Total 97,415 97,573 108,936 103,108 117,572 9.7%

**others include asphalt, solvents, naptha/reformate, condensate
38
Oil Products Importation, by Country of Source
MB
Source 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Middle East 3,177 1,597 2,449 1,966 1,678 6,280
Bahrain 113 319 86 - - -
Iran - 0 - - - 1
Iraq - - - - - -
KSA 429 251 843 551 1,085 1,402
Kuwait 361 340 504 406 228 692
Oman - - 251 - 135 -
Qatar 1,454 48 276 450 - 1,490
UAE 821 639 489 559 231 2,695
ASEAN 17,729 14,275 17,312 16,523 19,979 19,556
Brunei - - - - - -
Indonesia 915 548 97 697 228 1,610
Malaysia 1,145 884 1,835 1,758 7,523 4,572
Philippines 3,720 3,025 4,427 805 - -
Singapore 8,717 6,011 7,547 9,982 10,323 12,147
Thailand 3,174 3,767 3,148 2,473 1,272 36
Vietnam 58 41 258 808 633 1,192
OTHER ASIA 25,686 38,613 42,531 50,335 53,160 58,342
China 6,422 5,561 8,117 10,504 10,938 24,997
Hong Kong 80 266 64 1 - 51
India - - 31 1,064 3,258 2,763
Japan 1,018 687 299 368 1,824 4,701
Russia - - - - 605 -
South Korea 8,124 13,893 14,875 21,229 17,886 16,233
Sri Lanka - - - - - -
Taiwan 10,042 18,206 19,145 16,993 17,674 9,204
Pakistan - - - 177 975 393
OTHERS** 79 295 224 834 3,117 1,930
Total 46,671 54,780 62,517 69,658 77,934 86,108

**Others include countries from Africa, Asia and Pacific, Europe and North America
39
Source 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Middle East 5,272 11,521 8,436 8,492 7,695 14.4%
Bahrain - - - - 4
Iran 3 1 5 - -
Iraq - 163 - - -
KSA 1,081 1,204 1,242 1,407 2,438
Kuwait 1,150 443 1,323 1,384 1,001
Oman 90 3 176 - -
Qatar 1,263 1,265 657 1,868 1,202
UAE 1,684 8,442 5,033 3,833 3,049
ASEAN 19,732 18,321 24,697 34,651 43,833 48.9%
Brunei - - 222 4,293 5,660
Indonesia 1,186 539 590 1,738 -
Malaysia 7,557 7,661 9,161 9,338 13,429
Philippines - - - - -
Singapore 10,273 7,910 12,551 18,188 20,361
Thailand 377 930 266 409 3,647
Vietnam 340 1,281 1,907 685 736
OTHER ASIA 67,305 64,491 73,156 55,327 61,344 9.1%
China 32,460 29,421 45,472 32,247 35,279
Hong Kong 158 - 0 20 0
India 4,686 2,682 3,219 4,409 4,950
Japan 4,261 2,673 1,373 518 2,323
Russia - - - 512 -
South Korea 22,521 28,083 22,701 16,045 15,267
Sri Lanka - 271 - - -
Taiwan 2,216 1,028 391 1,575 3,525
Pakistan 1,002 333 - - -
OTHERS** 5,106 3,240 2,646 4,638 4,701 50.5%
Total 97,415 97,573 108,936 103,108 117,572 9.7%
40
Oil Products Exportation, by Country of Destination
MB
Destination 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

MIDDLE EAST 9 - - - - -
UAE 9 - - - - -
ASEAN 5,574 2,870 4,000 5,916 6,691 6,027
Indonesia 36 19 433 21 98 67
Malaysia 516 667 944 679 2,416 1,259
Singapore 4,030 1,737 2,279 3,704 3,066 2,711
Thailand 991 446 344 1,513 919 1,683
Vietnam - - - - 192 308
OTHER ASIA 7,888 6,524 4,619 3,643 6,433 7,727
China 970 315 473 717 1,441 1,897
Hong Kong 396 678 629 - - -
India 141 - - - - -
Japan 101 - 78 - - 20
South Korea 4,416 4,284 2,806 2,284 3,453 3,385
Taiwan 1,852 1,249 632 643 1,539 2,424
Pakistan 11 - - - - -
OTHERS - 1 1 2 864 18
Total 13,470 9,395 8,619 9,561 13,988 13,772
Destination 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

MIDDLE EAST 122 - - - 298 42.3%
UAE 122 - - - -
Iraq - - - - 298
ASEAN 7,561 9,552 8,572 5,911 3,729 -3.9%
Bangladesh 36 - - - -
Brunei - - - - 324
Indonesia 119 252 19 - 95
Malaysia 2,131 1,319 1,786 2,571 627
Singapore 2,849 4,812 4,602 2,753 640
Thailand 2,333 3,025 1,818 476 1,902
Vietnam 93 144 347 111 141
OTHER ASIA 6,899 7,040 3,037 1,994 2,876 -10%
China 2,670 3,986 1,802 903 1,259
Hong Kong - - - 306 -
India - - - 36 146
Japan 62 60 - 130 -
South Korea 2,645 1,911 907 21 789
Taiwan 1,523 1,083 327 598 682
Pakistan - . - - -
OTHERS (a) 48 160 67 0 77 34.5%
Total 14,631 16,752 11,676 7,905 6,980 -6.4%

Others include Australia, Belgium, Guam, Egypt, Saipan and USA
41
Oil Products Consumption, by Sector and Type
MB
2011 2012 2012 2013 2014 2015

Industry 9,886 9,648 9,727 9,224 10,528 11,046
Kerosene 155 138 120 126 139 148
LPG 1,147 1,169 1,203 1,387 1,528 1,412
Diesel 4,274 4,461 4,863 3,975 4,357 4,869
Fuel Oil 4,263 3,789 3,442 3,649 4,413 4,520
Biodiesel 48 91 99 86 92 97
Transport 71,532 74,568 77,985 79,996 91,891 99,456
Gasoline 23,152 23,882 24,940 25,795 29,601 32,568
Diesel 32,099 33,794 34,715 36,097 43,435 45,749
Fuel Oil 3,003 2,418 2,458 1,690 1,386 1,707
Aviation Fuel 10,845 11,432 12,049 12,463 13,086 14,879
LPG 495 420 621 453 321 146
Bioethanol 1,216 1,935 2,496 2,765 3,168 3,477
Biodiesel 721 686 705 734 893 929
Households 9,605 9,461 9,233 9,074 10,301 11,938
LPG 8,726 8,637 8,413 8,343 9,632 11,314
Kerosene 880 825 820 731 669 624
Services 8,005 7,894 9,163 11,641 10,692 13,456
LPG 2,256 2,209 2,477 2,890 3,360 4,054
Diesel 4,646 4,693 5,764 7,819 6,262 7,853
Fuel Oil 1,005 896 804 780 959 1,390
Biodiesel 97 96 118 151 111 158
Agriculture 1,390 1,376 1,429 1,306 1,471 1,731
Gasoline 33 56 17 37 66 61
Kerosene 6 9 7 3 3 5
Diesel 1,300 1,253 1,349 1,227 1,355 1,577
Fuel Oil 41 32 27 13 18 56
Biodiesel 10 26 28 26 29 32
Power Generation 5,608 6,847 7,608 9,762 9,976 8,833
Diesel 1,342 1,431 1,827 2,477 2,137 3,573
Fuel Oil 4,256 5,386 5,744 7,233 7,793 5,188
Biodiesel 11 29 37 52 45 72
Non-Energy Use 830 1,198 2,345 3,501 8,368 8,954
Total 106,857 110,991 117,489 124,503 143,226 155,414
42
MB
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Industry 11,022 11,392 10,732 11,982 12,134 2.1%
Kerosene 170 16 15 131 157 0.1%
LPG 924 2,129 1,872 1,934 2,165 6.6%
Diesel 5,570 5,144 5,598 6,163 6,593 4.4%
Fuel Oil 4,247 4,000 3,136 3,653 3,100 -3.1%
Biodiesel 111 103 112 101 118 9.5%
Transport 105,255 108,811 112,365 82,106 88,719 2.2%
Gasoline 35,411 36,516 39,504 33,609 38,224 5.1%
Diesel 46,067 48,043 48,205 36,625 38,221 1.8%
Fuel Oil 2,431 1,845 1,637 1,248 1,581 -6.2%
Aviation Fuel 16,474 17,390 17,674 6,188 5,741 -6.2%
LPG 112 108 95 48 30 -24.3%
Bioethanol 3,818 3,936 4,276 3,643 4,147 13.0%
Biodiesel 942 972 974 745 775 0.7%
Households 12,342 13,373 14,014 13,272 13,583 3.5%
LPG 11,749 12,754 13,445 12,870 13,178 4.2%
Kerosene 593 620 569 402 405 -7.5%
Services 17,357 18,393 19,386 20,121 21,638 10.5%
LPG 5,767 5,495 5,370 5,028 5,208 8.7%
Diesel 10,368 11,641 12,668 13,934 15,052 12.5%
Fuel Oil 1,011 1,025 1,095 874 1,071 0.6%
Biodiesel 212 233 253 284 307 12.2%
Agriculture 2,202 1,579 1,741 1,602 1,851 2.9%
Gasoline 98 58 74 80 126 14.4%
Kerosene 3 3 3 4 4 -5.1%
Diesel 2,008 1,484 1,615 1,473 1,676 2.6%
Fuel Oil 52 5 17 15 12 -11.6%
Biodiesel 41 30 32 30 34 12.6%
Power Generation 6,965 5,292 5,728 3,704 5,110 -0.9%
Diesel 2,926 2,770 3,015 2,149 3,752 10.8%
Fuel Oil 3,979 2,460 2,646 1,512 1,282 -11.3%
Biodiesel 60 62 67 44 76 21.4%
Non-Energy Use 11,397 9,964 7,851 9,228 11,387 29.9%
Total 166,539 168,805 171,817 142,017 154,422 3.8%
43
Oil Products Consumption, by Type
200,000
180,000
160,000
140,000
120,000
MB
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gasoline Diesel Fuel Oil Aviation Fuel LPG Kerosene
Biodiesel Bioethanol Others
MB
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Gasoline 23,185 23,938 24,957 25,833 29,667 32,630
Diesel 43,660 45,632 48,518 51,595 57,545 63,622
Fuel Oil 12,568 12,521 12,475 13,364 14,568 12,862
Aviation Fuel 10,845 11,432 12,049 12,463 13,086 14,879
LPG 12,624 12,434 12,714 13,073 14,842 16,926
Kerosene 1,041 971 947 860 811 777
Biodiesel 887 929 987 1,049 1,171 1,289
Bioethanol 1,216 1,935 2,496 2,765 3,168 3,477
Others** 830 1,198 2,345 3,501 8,368 8,954
Total 106,857 110,991 117,489 124,503 143,226 155,414
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Gasoline 35,509 36,574 39,578 33,688 38,349 5.2%
Diesel 66,939 69,082 71,101 60,345 65,294 4.1%
Fuel Oil 11,719 9,335 8,530 7,303 7,047 -5.6%
Aviation Fuel 16,474 17,390 17,674 6,188 5,741 -6.2%
LPG 18,552 20,486 20,782 19,881 20,582 5.0%
Kerosene 767 638 587 537 565 -5.9%
Biodiesel 1,364 1,400 1,437 1,204 1,310 4.0%
Bioethanol 3,818 3,936 4,276 3,643 4,147 13.0%
Others** 11,397 9,964 7,851 9,228 11,387 29.9%
Total 166,539 168,805 171,817 142,017 154,422 3.8%

**includes asphalts, solvents, naphtha/reformate, condensate
44
Oil Products Consumption, by Sector
200,000
180,000
160,000
140,000
120,000
MB
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Transport Industry Households Services Power Generation Agriculture Non-Energy Use
MB
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Transport 71,532 74,568 77,985 79,996 91,891 99,456
Industry 9,886 9,648 9,727 9,224 10,528 11,046
Households 9,605 9,461 9,233 9,074 10,301 11,938
Services 8,005 7,894 9,163 11,641 10,692 13,456
Agriculture 1,390 1,376 1,429 1,306 1,471 1,731
Non-Energy Use 830 1,198 2,345 3,501 8,368 8,954
Total 106,857 110,991 117,489 124,503 143,226 155,414
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Transport 105,255 108,811 112,365 82,106 88,719 2.2%
Industry 11,022 11,392 10,732 11,982 12,134 2.1%
Households 12,342 13,373 14,014 13,272 13,583 3.5%
Services 17,357 18,393 19,386 20,121 21,638 10.5%
Agriculture 2,202 1,579 1,741 1,602 1,851 2.9%
Power Generation 6,965 5,292 5,728 3,704 5,110 -0.9%
Non-Energy Use 11,397 9,964 7,851 9,228 11,387 29.9%
Total 166,539 168,805 171,817 142,017 154,422 3.8%
45
Coal
Coal Production, by Source
16,000
14,000
12,000
MMT
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
-
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Small-scale Mines Negros Surigao del Sur Albay, Bicol Cebu Zamboanga Semirara
in MMT at 10,000 BTU/lb
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Semirara 6,471 6,911 6,813 7,345 7,168 11,084
Zamboanga (a) 180 193 30 15 5 0
Cebu 83 60 66 44 29 35
Albay, Bicol 17 18 23 21 28 16
Surigao del Sur (b) 23 21 52 50 28 21
Negros 2 0 - - - -
Small-scale Mines 134 138 116 127 119 54
Total Production 6,911 7,340 7,100 7,601 7,378 11,211
Run of Mine (MMT) 7,612 8,083 7,859 8,419 8,173 12,087
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Semirara 11,839 11,654 13,670 12,880 13,957 8.0%
Zamboanga (a) - - - - - -59.3%
Cebu 13 7 6 2 1 -36.6%
Albay, Bicol 12 13 9 13 8 -7.4%
Surigao del Sur (b) 23 26 - - - 1.4%
Negros 0 0 1 0.29 0.03 -33.2%
Small-scale Mines 44 55 65 57 82 -4.8%
Total Production 11,932 11,755 13,751 12,951 14,048 7.4%
Run of Mine (MMT) 13,264 13,054 15,274 13,257 14,378 6.6%

(b) average annual growth rate from 2011 to 2018
46
Coal Importation, by Country of Source
2021
Indonesia 97.68%
Australia 0.78%
China 0.00%
Vietnam 0.95%
Others 0.60%
Total: 31,239 MMT @ 10,000 BTU/lb
2020
Indonesia 96.88%
Australia 1.82%
Vietnam 0.35%
Others 0.94%
Total: 29,524 MMT @ 10,000 BTU/lb
in MMT @ 10,000 BTU/lb
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Indonesia 10,894 11,700 13,964 14,975 16,673 17,988
Australia(a) - 195 201 - 306 1,310
China(b) - - - - - -
Vietnam 68 0 249 191 168 270
Others** (c) - - - 15 132 462
Total 10,963 11,895 14,415 15,182 17,279 20,030
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Indonesia 19,663 23,285 26,305 28,604 30,514 10.8%
Australia(a) 1,401 1,249 711 538 242 2.4%
China(b) - 96 1 - 0.05 -92.0%
Vietnam 219 303 182 103 297 15.8%
Others** (c) 984 1,368 494 279 186 5.9%
Total 22,268 26,301 27,692 29,524 31,239 11.0%

(a) AAGR from 2012 to 2021
(b) AAGR from 2018 to 2021
(c) AAGR from 2015 to 2021
**Imports from India, Malaysia, Peru, Russia, Taiwan, South Korea, South Africa and USA
47
Coal Exportation, by Country of Destination
2021
China 94.74%
S. Korea 4.08%
Others 1.18%
Total: 9,298 MMT @ 10,000 BTU/lb
2020
China 96.31%
India 0.66%
Thailand 1.55%
S. Korea 1.01%
Others 0.48%
Total: 7,525 MMT @ 10,000 BTU/lb
Country 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

China 2,671 2,931 2,975 4,613 2,750 6,540
India(a) - 57 - 55 - 47
Hongkong(b) - - - 269 - -
Thailand (c) 55 163 217 307 321 222
Taiwan(d) - 11 196 78 - -
S. Korea(e) - - - 207 - -
Others*** (f) - - - 217 23 -
Total 2,726 3,161 3,388 5,745 3,094 6,809
Country 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

China 5,697 4,926 9,629 7,247 8,809 12.7%
India(a) 158 55 54 50 - -1.6%
Hongkong(b) - - - - -
Thailand (c) 104 55 228 116 - 8.8%
Taiwan(d) 189 - 69 - - 30.9%
S. Korea(e) - - - 76 379 9.1%
Others** (f) - - - 36 110 -9.3%
Total 6,149 5,035 9,980 7,525 9,298 13.1%
*average annual growth rate (AAGR)

(b) only one (1) entry (2014)
(c) average annual growth rate from 2011to 2020
(e) average annual growth rate from 2014 to 2021
(f) average annual growth rate from 2014 to 2021
**includes Cambodia, Papua New Guinea, and Vietnam
48
Coal Consumption, by Major Type of User
40,000
35,000
MMT @ 10,000BTU/LB
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Industrial/Direct Uses Cement Power Generation
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Cement 3,127 2,799 3,156 3,203 3,348 3,893
Industrial/Direct Uses* 551 581 1,005 1,372 1,104 1,515
TOTAL 14,639 15,317 18,952 20,163 22,006 24,794
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR**

Power Generation 23,327 26,101 28,654 29,755 31,787 11.2%
Cement 4,423 2,848 2,754 1,312 1,697 -5.9%
Industrial/Direct Uses* 1,569 2,027 1,714 2,177 2,400 15.9%
TOTAL 29,320 30,976 33,122 33,244 35,884 9.4%
*non-energy use as raw materials

49
Renewable Energy
Biomass Production, by Fuel Type
9,000
8,000
7,000
6,000
5,000
kTOE
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
-
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Ricehull Bagasse Animal Waste Charcoal
Fuelwood Municipal Waste Agriwaste
in kTOE
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Fuelwood 4,419 4,483 4,575 4,623 4,596 4,472
Charcoal 958 1,005 1,058 1,107 1,138 1,193
Agriwaste 936 949 980 992 982 967
Bagasse 477 515 533 540 627 780
Ricehull 52 52 54 55 55 56
Animal Waste 19 19 20 20 21 21
Municipal Waste 13 11 17 19 11 5
Total 6,874 7,035 7,237 7,356 7,431 7,494
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Fuelwood 4,465 4,458 4,454 4,421 4,439 0.0%
Charcoal 1,236 1,281 1,329 1,364 1,420 4.0%
Agriwaste 968 958 947 836 837 -1.1%
Bagasse 899 942 919 877 851 6.0%
Ricehull 57 58 58 43 44 -1.5%
Animal Waste 21 21 22 16 17 -1.2%
Municipal Waste 6 6 7 5 3 -12.9%
Total 7,651 7,725 7,736 7,563 7,611 1.0%
50
Geothermal
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Installed Generating
1,783 1,848 1,868 1,918 1,917 1,916
Capacity (MW)
Dependable Generating
1,434 1,462 1,482 1,607 1,601 1,689
Capacity (MW)
Electricity Generation
9,942 10,250 9,605 10,308 11,044 11,070
(GWh)
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

1,916 1,944 1,928 1,928 1,928
Capacity (MW)
1,752 1,770 1,792 1,753 1,753
Capacity (MW)
10,270 10,435 10,691 10,757 10,681
(GWh)
Hydropower
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

3,491 3,521 3,521 3,543 3,600 3,618
Capacity (MW)
2,963 2,983 2,983 2,982 3,073 3,181
Capacity (MW)
9,698 10,252 10,019 9,137 8,665 8,111
(GWh)
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

3,627 3,701 3,760 3,779 3,752
Capacity (MW)
3,269 3,473 3,508 3,527 3,500
Capacity (MW)
9,611 9,384 8,025 7,192 9,293
(GWh)
Wind
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

33 33 33 283 427 427
Capacity (MW)
33 17 17 103 379 383
Capacity (MW)
88 75 66 152 748 975
(GWh)
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

427 427 427 443 427
Capacity (MW)
383 427 427 443 427
Capacity (MW)
1,094 1,153 1,042 1,026 1,279
(GWh)
51
Solar
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

1 1 1 23 165 765
Capacity (MW)
1 0 0 17 125 594
Capacity (MW)
1 1 1 17 139 1,097
(GWh)
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

885 896 921 1,019 1,317
Capacity (MW)
700 740 737 817 1,034
Capacity (MW)
1,201 1,249 1,246 1,373 1,470
(GWh)
Biomass
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

83 119 119 131 221 233
Capacity (MW)
46 76 76 81 146 157
Capacity (MW)
115 183 212 196 367 726
(GWh)
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

224 258 363 483 489
Capacity (MW)
160 182 227 285 291
Capacity (MW)
1,013 1,105 1,040 1,261 1,165
(GWh)
52
Power
Installed Generating Capacity, by Source
30,000
in MW
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
-
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Wind Natural Gas Geothermal Coal
Hydro Oil Solar Biomass
in MW
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Total Installed Capacity 16,162 17,025 17,325 17,944 18,765 21,423
Coal 4,917 5,568 5,568 5,708 5,963 7,419
Oil 2,994 3,074 3,353 3,476 3,610 3,616
Natural Gas 2,861 2,862 2,862 2,862 2,862 3,431
Renewable Energy 5,391 5,521 5,541 5,898 6,330 6,958
Geothermal 1,783 1,848 1,868 1,918 1,917 1,916
Hydro 3,491 3,521 3,521 3,543 3,600 3,618
Wind 33 33 33 283 427 427
Solar(a) 1 1 1 23 165 765
Biomass 83 119 119 131 221 233
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Total Installed Capacity 22,728 23,815 25,531 26,250 26,882 5%
Coal 8,049 8,844 10,417 10,944 11,669 9%
Oil 4,153 4,292 4,262 4,237 3,847 3%
Natural Gas 3,447 3,453 3,453 3,453 3,453 2%
Renewable Energy 7,079 7,227 7,399 7,617 7,914 4%
Geothermal 1,916 1,944 1,928 1,928 1,928 1%
Hydro 3,627 3,701 3,760 3,779 3,752 1%
Wind 427 427 427 443 427 29%
Solar(a) 885 896 921 1,019 1,317 78%
Biomass 224 258 363 447 489 19%

53
Power Generation, by Source and Grid
in GWh
Luzon 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Coal 19,681 21,878 25,756 27,346 29,680 33,143
Oil 1,291 1,800 1,601 2,342 1,845 2,562
Natural Gas 20,591 19,642 18,783 18,686 18,878 19,854
Geothermal 3,486 3,588 3,399 3,817 4,096 4,227
Hydro 4,836 5,292 5,156 4,357 4,769 5,011
Biomass 44 37 60 65 187 439
Solar (a) - - - - 66 495
Wind 88 75 66 152 592 767
Total 50,017 52,312 54,820 56,766 60,113 66,498
Luzon 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Coal 33,953 37,362 40,508 40,576 43,133 8%
Oil 2,379 2,188 2,674 1,804 996 -3%
Natural Gas 20,547 21,334 22,354 19,497 18,675 -1%
Geothermal 3,910 3,871 3,647 3,808 4,503 3%
Hydro 5,730 5,945 5,084 4,510 5,412 1%
Biomass 599 594 592 780 707 32%
Solar (a) 496 503 493 588 721 49%
Wind 899 931 824 855 1,095 29%
Total 68,512 72,728 76,177 72,419 75,243 4%
Visayas 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Coal 4,032 4,701 4,690 4,449 4,968 5,270
Oil 683 734 796 766 672 637
Natural Gas - - 7.81 4.27 - -
Geothermal 5,616 5,930 5,463 5,627 6,105 5,974
Hydro 53 46 37 35 38 64
Biomass 71.64 71 106 117 159 276
Solar (a) - - - 15 71 525
Wind - - - - 157 209
Total 10,456 11,483 11,100 11,014 12,170 12,955
Visayas 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Coal 6,624 6,785 7,962 7,696 8,999 8%
Oil 541 353 524 298 468 -4%
Natural Gas - - - - - -45%
Geothermal 5,564 5,737 6,278 6,205 5,535 0%
Hydro 90 73 57 65 89 5%
Biomass 414 439 356 374 350 17%
Solar (a) 627 658 665 676 652 71%
Wind 194 222 218 171 174 2%
Total 14,054 14,266 16,060 15,485 16,268 5%
54
Mindanao 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Coal 1,629 1,686 1,635 1,258 2,038 4,890
Oil 1,424 1,720 2,094 2,599 3,369 2,462
Natural Gas - - - - - -
Geothermal 841 731 743 864 842 869
Hydro 4,808 4,913 4,827 4,745 3,858 3,036
Biomass - 75 47 14 21 11
Solar (a) 1 1 1 1 2 77
Wind - - - - - -
Total 8,703 9,127 9,347 9,481 10,130 11,345
Mindanao 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Coal 6,271 7,785 9,420 9,904 9,920 20%
Oil 867 633 554 372 152 -20%
Natural Gas - - - - - -
Renewable Energy 4,666 4,352 3,831 3,576 4,532 -2%
Geothermal 797 826 766 744 643 -3%
Hydro 3,791 3,366 2,885 2,617 3,684 -3%
Biomass - 72 93 107 107 4%
Solar (a) 78 88 87 108 97 70%
Wind - - - - - -
Total 11,804 12,770 13,805 13,852 14,604 5%
Philippines 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Coal 25,342 28,265 32,081 33,054 36,686 43,303
Oil 3,398 4,254 4,491 5,708 5,886 5,661
Natural Gas 20,591 19,642 18,791 18,690 18,878 19,854
Geothermal 9,942 10,250 9,605 10,308 11,044 11,070
Hydro 9,698 10,252 10,019 9,137 8,665 8,111
Biomass 115 183 212 196 367 726
Solar (a) 1 1 1 17 139 1,097
Wind 88 75 66 152 748 975
Total 69,176 72,922 75,266 77,261 82,413 90,798
Self-sufficiency level (%) 61 59 56 53 53 51
Philippines 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR*

Coal 46,847 51,932 57,890 58,176 62,052 9%
Oil 3,787 3,173 3,752 2,474 1,616 -7%
Natural Gas 20,547 21,334 22,354 19,497 18,675 -1%
Geothermal 10,270 10,435 10,691 10,757 10,681 1%
Hydro 9,611 9,384 8,025 7,192 9,185 -1%
Biomass 1,013 1,105 1,040 1,261 1,165 26%
Solar (a) 1,201 1,249 1,246 1,373 1,470 48%
Wind 1,094 1,153 1,042 1,026 1,270 31%
Total 94,370 99,765 106,041 101,756 106,115 4%
Self-sufficiency level (%) 54 51 47 47 45
Luzon Mindanao
(a) average annual growth rate from 2015 to 2021 (a) average annual growth rate from 2012 to 2021
Visayas (b) average annual growth rate from 2013 to 2021
(a) average annual growth rate from 2013 to 2014 Philippines
(b) average annual growth rate from 2014 to 2021 (a) average annual growth rate from 2015 to 2021
55
Electricity Consumption, by Sector
120,000
100,000
80,000
GWh
60,000
40,000
20,000
-
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Households Services Industrial Others Utilities Own Use Power Losses
in GWh
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Households 18,694 19,695 20,614 20,969 22,747 25,631
Services 16,624 17,777 18,304 18,761 20,085 21,770
Industrial 19,334 20,071 20,677 21,429 22,514 24,117
Others* 1,446 1,668 1,971 2,186 2,462 2,634
Utilities Own Use 5,398 5,351 5,959 6,461 7,124 8,357
Power Losses 7,680 8,360 7,741 7,455 7,481 8,288
Total 69,176 72,922 75,266 77,261 82,413 90,798
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 AAGR**

Households 26,782 28,261 30,552 34,292 34,981 6.5%
Services 22,768 24,016 25,476 20,727 21,119 2.4%
Industrial 25,573 27,587 28,194 25,566 27,623 3.6%
Others* 2,670 2,753 2,897 2,658 4,903 13.0%
Utilities Own Use 8,316 8,141 8,929 8,771 7,521 3.4%
Power Losses 8,262 9,007 9,994 9,742 9,968 2.6%
Total 94,370 99,765 106,041 101,756 106,115 4.4%
* others includeTransport and AFF

56
Regional Household Electrification Level*
Ilocos Region Cordillera Administrative

(Region I) 99.1% Region (CAR) 95.8%
Cagayan Valley
Central luzon (Region II) 99.7%
(Region III) 99.8%
NCR (Metropolitan
Manila) 100.0%
CALABARZON
(Region IV-A) 99.4% Bicol Region
(Region V) 94.5%
Central Visayas
MIMAROPA (Region VII) 98.0%
(Region IV-B)
92.3%
Eastern Visayas
(Region VIII) 98.3%
Western
Visayas
(Region VI) CARAGA
94.7% (Region XIII) 100.0%
Zamboanga Northern Mindanao

Peninsula (Region X) 97.9%
(Region IX)
83.4%
Autonomous Davao Region
Region of Muslim (Region XI) 89.9%
Mindanao (ARMM)
41.7%
SOCCSKSARGEN
(Region XII) 90.3%
Unserved HH Electrification
Region Potential HH** Served HH
(actual per DU) Level (%)
CAR 395,881 416,019 16,729.00 95.8
I 1,151,629 1,302,954 10,781.00 99.1
II 804,380 912,519 2,761.00 99.7
III 2,566,558 3,156,553 5,218.00 99.8
IV-A 3,404,958 4,215,220 21,330.00 99.4
IV-B 682,668 716,775 52,792.00 92.3
V 1,216,421 1,211,604 66,868.00 94.5
NCR 3,095,766 3,597,953 0 100.0
LUZON 13,318,261 15,529,597 176,479 98.7
VI 1,716,637 1,785,205 90,603.00 94.7
VII 1,699,148 1,848,931 34,649.00 98.0
VIII 985,913 1,059,718 16,386.00 98.3
VISAYAS 4,401,698 4,693,854 141,638 96.8
IX 799,219 666,247 132,990.00 83.4
X 1,042,929 1,090,696 22,049.00 97.9
XI 1,177,461 1,076,762 119,038.00 89.9
XII 1,050,680 953,151 102,119.00 90.3
CARAGA 574,338 745,775 0 100.00
ARMM 620,385 260,759 361,409.00 41.74
MINDANAO 5,265,012 4,793,390 737,605 85.99
PHILIPPINES 22,984,971 25,016,841 1,055,722 95.41
* Dec 2021 electrification level report of REAMD-EPIMB as of 2022 June

**Based on the PSA 2015 Census of Population
Note:
“A new formula was adopted for computing the electrification level which is (potential HH - unserved HH)/potential HH”
57
Transmission Profile
Transmission Lines
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012* 2013* 2014
(Circuit-Kilometers)
Luzon 9,527 9,568 9,638 9,529 9,374 9,439 9,370
Visayas 4,745 4,600 4,680 4,918 4,971 4,840 4,821
Mindanao 5,506 5,257 5,258 5,257 5,145 5,146 5,272
Total Philippines 19,778 19,425 19,576 19,704 19,490 19,425 19,463
Transmission Lines
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
(Circuit-Kilometers)
Luzon 9,428 9,602 9,795 9,447 9,227 9,396 9,499
Visayas 4,813 4,476 4,973 5,379 5,299 5,299 5,379
Mindanao 5,832 6,081 6,081 5,679 5,553 5,824 5,855
*There was a decrease in total transmission line length in circuit-km due to modification and divestment of various sub-
transmission assets.
Substation Capacity
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
(In Million Volt-Amperes)
Luzon 18,861 18,452 19,937 20,590 21,170 21,110 23,395
Visayas 3,154 3,161 3,263 3,414 3,414 3,504 3,734
Mindanao 2,200 2,260 2,643 2,793 3,142 3,318 3,478
Substation Capacity
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
(In Million Volt-Amperes)
Luzon 23,785 25,900 25,887 26,598 28,021 27,955 29,976
Visayas 3,926 3,899 4,474 4,874 4,884 4,487 5,754
Mindanao 3,327 3,902 3,646 3,380 3,531 5,331 6,141
Source: NGCP Transmission Development Plan 2022-2040 Consultation Draft Report as of March 2022
58
GLOSSARY
Condensate............................................................................ Liquid hydrocarbons separated from gas production.
Dependable Capacity......................................................... The capacity that can be relied upon to carry system load
for a specified time interval and period, provide assumed
reserve, and/or meet firm power obilgations.
Electirifcation........................................................................ Electrification is either done through grid or off-grid

connection. When a barangay is provided with electricity
through grid connection, it means that the distribution
line has reached the barangay proper. It may also mean
that almost 50.0 percent of potential households in the
barangay are connected to a distribution utility (DU) (i.e.
MERALCO) or at least one is connected to other DUs.
Off-grid connection pertains to a barangay having about
20 to 30 households availing the connection.
Energy Intensity................................................................... Calculated as units of energy (million tons of oil

equivalent, MTOE) per unit of GDP (in billion pesos).
Energy Per Capita................................................................ Amount of energy used per person. It is calculated as

total primary energy demand (in MTOE) over population
(in millions).
Energy Self Sufficiency...................................................... The ratio of the country’s domestic energy supply to
total supply; measures the degree at which domestic
energy forms can support total energy demand.
Energy to GDP Elasticity................................................... The percentage change in energy supply to achieve one
per cent change in national GDP. Calculated as the ratio
of growth of primary energy demand over GDP growth.
Gas (or Natural Gas)............................................................ A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and non-
hydrocarbon gases in porous formations beneath the
earth’s surface, often in association with petroleum. The
principal constituent is methane.
Geothermal Energy............................................................. Energy generated by heat stored in the earth, or the

collection of absorbed heat derived from underground in
the atmosphere and oceans.
59
GLOSSARY
Gross Domestic Product (GDP).................................... Total market value of all final goods and services
produced within the country in a given period of time
(usually a calendar year), or the sum of value added of all
final goods and services produced within a country in a
given period of time.
Gross National Product (GNP)...................................... The value of all (final) goods and services produced in a
country in one year, plus income earned by its citizens
abroad, minus income earned by foreigners in the
country.
Hydropower.......................................................................... Also called hydraulic power or water power; derived

from the force or energy of moving water, which may be
harnessed for useful purposes.
Indigeneous Energy.......................................................... Refers to all energy forms produced/sourced from

within the country’s natural resources.
Installed Capacity.............................................................. The total of the capacities shown on the nameplates of

the generating units in a powerplant.
Renewable Energy ............................................................ Energy generated from natural resources which are
naturally replenished. It includes solar power, wind
power, hydroelectricity, micro hydro, biomass and
biofuels.
Run of Mine........................................................................... Coal directly coming from the mine
Total Final Energy Consumption (TFEC).................... The sum of all energy forms consumed/used by different
economic sectors
Total Primary Energy Demand (TPED)....................... The sum of total final consumption, power generation,
other energy sector (own use and losses).
Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES).......................... The sum of all energy derived from domestic sources
(indigeneous, renewable), imported from outside the
country, stock change (+/-) and export (-)
60
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
BCF.................................................................................... Billion Cubic Feet

BTu..................................................................................... British Thermal Units
Ckt-Km............................................................................. Circuit-Kilometer
GWh................................................................................... Gigawatt-Hour
KWh................................................................................... Kilowatt-hour
Ktoe................................................................................... Thousand tonnes of oil equivalent
Lb....................................................................................... Pound
MB...................................................................................... Thousand Barrels
MMMT............................................................................... Million Metric Tons
MMSCF............................................................................. Million Standard Cubic Feet
MMT................................................................................... Thousand Metric Tons
MVA................................................................................... Megavolt Ampere
MW..................................................................................... Megawatt
Php..................................................................................... Philippine Peso
ROM................................................................................... Run of Mine
USD.................................................................................... US Dollar
61
CONVERSION TABLE
Fuels to KTOE
Coal (MT@10,000 btu/lb.)........................................ 0.000528

Natural Gas (MMSCF) ............................................... 0.023290
Crude (MB) .................................................................... 0.134400
Condensate (NGL) (MB)............................................ 0.104400
Premium Gasoline (MB)............................................ 0.124500
Regular Gasoline (MB) ............................................. 0.122300
Kerosene (MB) ............................................................ 0.127000
Diesel (MB) ................................................................... 0.134700
Fuel Oil (MB) ................................................................ 0.144400
LPG (MB) ....................................................................... 0.092200
Jet (MB) ......................................................................... 0.127000
Avgas (MB) .................................................................... 0.122400
Naphtha (MB) .............................................................. 0.123800
Asphalts (MB) .............................................................. 0.152100
Lubes & Greases (MB) .............................................. 0.141200
Others (MB) .................................................................. 0.123300
Ricehull (MT)................................................................. 0.000345
Charcoal (MT) .............................................................. 0.000600
Fuelwood (MT) ............................................................. 0.000329
Bagasse (MT) ............................................................... 0.000426
Agriwaste (MT) ............................................................ 0.000329
Animal Waste (MT) ..................................................... 0.000516
Ethanol (BBL) .............................................................. 0.000089
CME (BBL) ..................................................................... 0.000130
Hydro (GWh) ................................................................ 0.086000
Geothermal (GWh) ..................................................... 0.860000
Wind (GWh).................................................................... 0.860000
Solar (GWh)................................................................... 0.860000
62

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PHILIPPINE

Abbreviations and Acronyms Used.......................................................................................... 03

I. TOTAL FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION......................................... 04

III. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY............................................... 14

IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT............................................................... 18

V. ENERGY – ECONOMY and ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS... 20

VI. ENERGY BALANCE TABLES, 2020 and 2021............................. 22

TFEC.................................................Total Final Energy Consumption

I. TOTAL FINAL ENERGY

across the country. These 6.3

developments pushed the 6.8

Industry and services recovered from

the modified enhanced community Outer: 2021 TFEC

used as raw materials/feedstocks went

A. Total Final Energy Consumption, by Fuel

major factors that contributed to 10.3

Aggregate biomass2 for end-use applications

2021 TFEC: 35.1 MTOE

percent despite a lackluster growth of its

consumption at a level of 1.1 percent. Food

processing industries and establishments

2 Includes charcoal, fuelwood, ricehull, bagasse, agricultural and animal wastes

B. Total Final Energy Consumption, by Sector

Road transport took in the lion’s share

Energy consumption for domestic aviation

units (LGUs) caused setbacks in the revival of Aviation Fuel Oil

5 Aircraft, Passenger, and Cargo Movements,2020 & 2021 https://caap.gov.ph/aircraft-passenger-and-cargo-movements/

Eased pandemic Food Processing 19.9%

safety guidelines and Other Manufacturing 5.4%

The mining subsector contributed to country’s LPG Fuel Oil

for each dropped by 14.2 percent.

Consumption of petroleum products reached Petroleum Products Electricity

share of the sector’s total energy consumption.

accounted for 41.8 percent as its consumption Diesel

In 2021, the agriculture sector’s 172.7 2020

Energy consumed for livestock and 2.3%

15 DA FY 2021 Annual Report

The significant reduction in volume MMB

refinery throughout the year. This led 3.50 LIGHT

16.7 percent, respectively. Declines were 1.00

kerosene, LPG) and zero production -

Aggregate refinery production of other Naphtha LPG Gasoline

energy uses, accelerated by 27.1 percent

B. Power Generation and Fuel Input

Inner Circle Inner Circle

19.2% 2020 17.6

Coal Natural Gas Oil-Based Geothermal

Hydro Solar, Wind and Biomass

III. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY

Figure 15. Total Primary Energy Mix, by Fuel (% Shares), 2020-2021

iii. Natural Gas

B. Net Energy Imports27

of finished petroleum Biofuels

percent to 14.7 MTOE, while

to 4.0 MTOE in 2021. China Gasoline 10.4%

IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

Table 1: GHG Emission, by Sector: 2020 vs 2021

Total GHG Total GHG

2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020-2021

Table 4. CO2 Avoidance from the Mitigation Measures (in ktCO2e)

Efficiency in Fossil Fuel

Fuel Diversification in Power

Total Avoidance (Demand +

V. Energy – Economy and