Mireille Bertha Augustt

COMMITTEE: INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION

REPUBLIC OF RWANDA
THE ISSUE BEFORE THE COMMITTEE: ADDRESSING THE CHALLENGES AND
EFFECTS OF ILLEGAL MIGRATION AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING.

The Republic of Rwanda is often called the “heart of Africa”, because of its central location on
the African continent. Rwanda’s culture is also unique in its focus on reconciliation and healing.
In the genocide’s aftermath, Rwanda has worked hard to promote peace and understanding
between its people. Rwanda has been actively working with the UN in addressing migration-
related challenges and this accounts to their shared commitment to human rights and global
cooperation.

Migration is a significant topic in Rwanda. According to recent statistics, Rwanda has

experienced both internal and international migration. Internally, there has been a trend of rural-
urban migration, with many people moving from rural areas to cities in search of better
opportunities. In terms of international migration, Rwanda has been hosting a significant number
of refugees from neighboring countries, such as the Democratic Republic of Congo and Burundi.
These statistics highlight the complex nature of migration in Rwanda and the need for
comprehensive strategies to address its various dimensions.

In Rwanda, there are several factors that can contribute to migration. Some common factors
include economic opportunities, seeking better living conditions, education or job prospects,
political instability, conflicts, and environmental factors such as natural disasters or climate
change. These factors can influence individuals or families to relocate within Rwanda or even to
other countries in search of a safer or more prosperous life.

Rwanda has implemented various measures to address migration within the country. The
government has focused on promoting economic development and creating job opportunities to
reduce the push factors that lead to migration. They have also invested in education and skills
training to empower individuals and improve their livelihoods. Additionally, efforts have been
made to strengthen social protection programs and provide support to vulnerable populations.
The government has also worked on improving infrastructure and access to basic services in
rural areas to discourage rural-urban migration. These initiatives aim to create a conducive
environment for people to thrive and reduce the need for migration.
Rwanda has implemented various measures to support and integrate refugees from neighboring
countries. The government, in collaboration with UNHCR and other partners, has established
refugee camps and settlements where refugees can access basic services such as healthcare,
education, and shelter. Rwanda has also implemented a progressive refugee policy that allows
refugees to work, start businesses, and access local services. This approach promotes self-
reliance and integration into local communities. Additionally, Rwanda has been actively involved
in initiatives to find durable solutions for refugees, including voluntary repatriation, local
integration, and resettlement in third countries. These efforts demonstrate Rwanda's commitment
to supporting and integrating refugees.

The UN has been actively involved in addressing migration in Rwanda. They have worked in
collaboration with the Rwandan government to provide support and assistance to migrants,
including refugees and internally displaced persons. The UN agencies, such as UNHCR and
IOM, have been engaged in activities such as providing humanitarian aid, ensuring access to
basic services, promoting social integration, and advocating for the rights and well-being of
migrants. They have also supported initiatives to strengthen migration governance, enhance
border management, and promote safe and orderly migration. The UN's efforts aim to protect the
rights of migrants and ensure their well-being in Rwanda. The Republic of Rwanda has also
signed various international agreements and resolution related to migration including the Global
Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration.
One solution to migration in Rwanda is to focus on creating economic opportunities and
improving living conditions in rural areas. The government can encourage private sector
investment in rural areas by implementing policies and incentives that attract businesses and
investors. This can include providing tax breaks or incentives for companies that invest in rural
areas, creating special economic zones or industrial parks in rural regions, and streamlining
bureaucratic processes to make it easier for businesses to operate. The government can also
invest in rural infrastructure, such as roads, electricity, and internet connectivity, to improve the
business environment and make it more attractive for private sector investment. By investing in
infrastructure, agriculture, and job creation, people will have more incentives to stay in their
communities and not feel the need to migrate to urban areas or other countries in search of better
opportunities. Additionally, providing access to quality education and healthcare in rural areas
can also help reduce the push factors for migration.
By creating a conducive business environment and addressing the specific needs and challenges
of rural areas, the government can encourage private sector investment and contribute to the
development and growth of rural communities. It is important for the government, international
organizations, and local communities to work together to implement sustainable development
strategies that address the root causes of migration and create an environment where people can
thrive in their own communities.
Rwanda aims to achieve several goals with migration. The country seeks to ensure the protection
and well-being of migrants, promote their rights, and create an inclusive and integrated society
where migrants can thrive. Rwanda also recognizes the potential contributions that migrants can
make to the country's social economic development. By fostering a supportive environment and
implementing policies that facilitate safe and orderly migration, Rwanda aims to harness the
benefits of migration while addressing its challenges.