Fundamental rights

Fundamental rights in the context of India are a set of guaranteed rights and
freedoms that are enshrined in Part III of the Indian Constitution. These rights
are considered essential for the development and well-being of individuals and are
meant to ensure their dignity, equality, and liberty. The fundamental rights in
India are inspired by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and are enforceable
by law.
The fundamental rights in India include:
1. Right to Equality: This includes equality before the law, prohibition
of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth, and
equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
2. Right to Freedom: It encompasses various freedoms such as freedom of
speech and expression, freedom of assembly, freedom to form associations or unions,
freedom of movement throughout the territory of India, freedom to reside and settle
in any part of the country, and freedom of profession, occupation, trade, or
business.
3. Right against Exploitation: It includes prohibition of forced labor and
child labor, and the abolition of trafficking in human beings.
4. Right to Freedom of Religion: This ensures freedom of conscience and
the right to freely profess, practice, and propagate any religion.
5. Cultural and Educational Rights: It grants individuals the right to
protect their language, script, and culture, and the right to establish and
administer educational institutions of their choice.
6. Right to Property: Originally, the right to property was a fundamental
right in India. However, it was removed as a fundamental right by the 44th
Amendment Act in 1978. It is now a legal right.
7. Right to Constitutional Remedies: This ensures the right to approach
the courts for the enforcement of fundamental rights through writs such as habeas
corpus, mandamus, prohibition, certiorari, and quo warranto. It provides
individuals with a mechanism to seek justice if their fundamental rights are
violated.