Class: 5th

Subject: SST

Short answer
1. The Indian Constitution was formally adopted on 26 January 1950.

2. The Right to Equality guarantees that everybody is equal before the law, whether it is a man
or woman, rich or poor, or belonging to any religion or caste. No citizen can be treated
differently on the basis of caste, gender, religion, or place of birth.

3. The Right to Freedom refers to the right to freedom of speech and expression. It means that
everybody has the right to express their thoughts and ideas. It also gives people the right to
form groups and associations peacefully, practise any profession, move about freely in India,
and to live and settle in any part of India.
However, the Right to Freedom does not mean that we can break laws and do whatever we want.

4. India needs the Right to Freedom of Religion because it is a land of diversity where people
belong to different communities and religions. People should be allowed to follow or practise
any religion of their choice. Nobody should be forced to follow any particular religion.

5. The Right Against Exploitation states that no child below the age of 14 years can be made to
work. This is called child labour. It also states that forcing anyone to work without proper pay
is illegal and is a punishable offence.

B. Long Answers
Ans .1.) A Fundamental Right is something that a citizen of a country has. It gives people the freedom
to do many things. The Fundamental Rights are protected by law and cannot be taken away from
them, even by the government. A Fundamental Duty is what a citizen is expected to do. For example,
our Fundamental Duty is to obey the Constitution and respect the national flag and the national
anthem, etc. Three fundamental duties are:
• To obey the Constitution and respect the national flag and the national anthem
• To follow non-violence and maintain peace
• To safeguard public property and avoid violence

Ans: 2 ) The six Fundamental Rights given to the citizens of India are—Right to Equality, Right to Freedom,
Right Against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural and Educational Rights, and Right to
Constitutional Remedies.
 Right to Equality: This right states that everybody is equal before the law, whether it is a man or
woman, rich or poor, or belonging to any religion or caste. No citizen can be treated differently
on the basis of caste, gender, religion, or place of birth. However, an exception has been made
for some weaker sections of the society.

Right to Freedom: It refers to the right to freedom of speech and expression. It means that
everybody has the right to express their thoughts, form groups and associations peacefully,
practise any profession, move about freely in India, and to live and settle in any part of India.

In 2009, the Right to Education Act was passed. According to this act, education was made a
Fundamental Right of every child between 6 and 14 years of age.

Right Against Exploitation: Many children are made to work instead of being sent to school. The
Right Against Exploitation lays down that no child below the age of 14 years can be made to
work. This is child labour and is a punishable offence. It also states that forcing anyone to work
without proper pay is illegal and is a punishable offence.

Right to Freedom of Religion: India is a land of many religions. The Right to Freedom of Religion
means that everyone in the country has the right to practise or follow the religion of their
choice. People following any religion are treated alike. No person can be forced to practise any
religion against his/her wish.

Cultural and Educational Rights: In India, people follow different religion, speak different
languages, and live in different areas. It is important that everyone has the right to follow their
own traditions, celebrate festivals, and speak the language of their choice. In other words,
people have the right to follow and protect their culture.

Right to Constitutional Remedies: If a person’s Fundamental Rights have been violated, he/she can
go to a court and demand that the rights be restored. The Right to Constitutional Remedies is
important because without this right, we would not be able to enjoy the other rights.

Ans: 3) Some of the Directive Principles are:

• Prevent concentration of wealth in the hands of a few people
• Equal pay for equal work for both men and women
• Provide good working conditions to workers in industries and factories
• Organize village panchayats
• Have a uniform law code for all citizens of India
Answers may vary. Accept all relevant answers.

Ans: 4) Yes, the Right to Freedom comes with some responsibilities. Even though our Constitution grants
us certain privileges under the Right to Freedom, we must never exploit them.
We have been granted the right to express our thoughts but we should be careful and not say things
which might get us in trouble. We have been given the right to form groups and associations.
But we must do so in such a way that we do not inconvenience other people of our society by
making noise. The Right to Freedom does not mean that we can break laws and do whatever we
want.
Let’s Observe
1. The person in the picture is Dr B. R. Ambedkar.
2. He was appointed the Chairman of the Drafting Committee that formed the Constitution of India.