FUNDAMENTAL

RIGHTS.
 DEFINITION.
• Fundamental Rights are essential human rights
that are offered to every citizen irrespective of
caste, race, creed, place of birth, religion or
gender. These are equal to freedoms and these
rights are essential for personal good and the
society at large.
 SIX FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS.
WE HAVE SIX FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS IN OUR INDIAN
CONSTITUITON WHICH ARE MENTIONED BELOW :
• THE RIGHT TO EQUALITY
• THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM
• THE RIGHT AGAINST EXPLOITATION
• THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF RELIGION
• CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL RIGHTS
• THE RUGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL REMEDIES
 RIGHT TO EQUALITY
Right to equality is one of the six fundamental rights in the Indian constitution. It
includes equality before law, prohibition of discrimination on grounds of race, religion,
gender, and caste or birth place. ... In simple words we can say it is the right to live
with equal opportunities.

Equality before Law :- Article 14 of the constitution guarantees that all citizens shall be
equally protected by the laws of the country.

Social equality and equal access to public areas:- Article 15 of the constitution states that no
person shall be discriminated on the basis of caste, colour, language etc. Every person shall have
equal access to public places like public parks, museums, wells, bathing ghats and temples etc.
However, the State may make any special provision for women and children.
Equality in matters of public employment:- Article 16 of the constitution lays down that
the State cannot discriminate against anyone in the matters of employment. All citizens
can apply for government jobs.

Abolition of untouchability :- Article 17 of the constitution abolishes the practice of

untouchability. Practice of untouchability is an offense and anyone doing so is
punishable by law.

Abolition of Titles:- Article 18 of the constitution prohibits the State from conferring
any titles. Citizens of India cannot accept titles from a foreign State.
 RIGHT TO FREEDOM
The right to freedom gives citizens basic freedom with respect to speech and
expression, form associations, freedom of personal liberty, freedom to live a life of
dignity, etc.
Freedom of Speech and expression-which enable an individual to participate in public
activities. The phrase, "freedom of press" has not been used in Article 19, but freedom of
expression includes freedom of press.

Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms-on which the State can impose reasonable
restrictions in the interest of public order and the sovereignty and integrity of India.

Freedom to form associations or unions-on which the State can impose reasonable
restrictions on this freedom in the interest of public order, morality and the sovereignty and
integrity
Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India- though reasonable restrictions can
be imposed on this right in the interest of the general public, for example, restrictions may
be imposed on movement and travelling, so as to control epidemics.

Freedom to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India-which is also subject to
reasonable restrictions by the State in the interest of the general public or for the protection
of the schedule tribes because certain safeguards as are envisaged here seem to be justified
to protect indigenous and tribal peoples from exploitation and coercion.

Freedom to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation-trade or business on which

the State may impose reasonable restrictions in the interest of the general public. Thus, there
is no right to carry on a business which is dangerous or immoral.
 RIGHT AGAINST EXPLOITATION
The Right against exploitation prohibits all types of forced labour, child labour and
trafficking of people. It also makes various provisions like definition of exploitation,
begar, bonded labour, trafficking, etc. It also states that the above terms are illegal and
people promoting above would be punished by law.

Prohibition of forced labour (without payment) i.e. bonded labour (now it is crime and
punishable act).

Prohibition of buying and selling of human being and using them as slaves.

Prohibition of child labour (employment of children below 14 years in hazardous jobs like
factories and mines). With child labour being made illegal and right to education becoming
a fundamental right for children, this right against exploitation has become more
meaningful.
Prohibition of extortion.
RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF RELIGION.
Freedom of religion or religious liberty is a principle that supports the freedom of an
individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching,
practice, worship, and observance. According to the Constitution, all religions are equal
before the State and no religion shall be given preference over the other. Citizens are free
to preach, practice and propagate any religion of their choice

Religious communities can set up charitable institutions of their own.

Activities in such institutions which are not religious are performed according to the laws
laid down by the government.

No person shall be compelled to pay taxes for the promotion of a particular religion.

A State run institution cannot impart education that is pro- religion.

CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL RIGHTS
Cultural and educational right means the rights of all sections of society that saves
their culture, script or language. ... This article also states that no countrymen shall be
deprived of admission into any state-run or aided educational institution on grounds of race,
caste, creed, language etc.

Right to safeguard cultural interest of individuals.

Right to secure educational beliefs.

Right of minorities to establish educational institutions. (The government will not, while
granting aid to educational institutions, discriminate against any educational institution on
the basis that it is under the management of minority community)

Protection of language, culture of minorities.

 RIGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL REMEDIES
There is a right in India which states that a person can move to Supreme court if he/she
wants to get their fundamental rights protected. ... It is known as the right to constitutional
remedies. In this right, the Supreme court, as well as high court, is given the power to
instill the fundamental rights.

Dr. B. R. Ambedkar considered the right to constitutional remedies as ‘heart and soul of the
constitution’.

Because this right gives a citizen the right to approach a High Court or the Supreme Court to
get an of the fundamental rights restored in case of their violation.

The Supreme Court/High Courts can issue orders and give directives to the government for
the enforcement of rights. The courts can issue various special orders known as writs
THANK
YOU
PRESENTED BY-
Harshita
11-C