The Indian Constitution guarantees a set of fundamental rights to its citizens in Part III, from

Articles 12 to 35. These rights are designed to ensure basic freedoms and protections for
the citizens of India. The fundamental rights can be broadly classified under six main
headings:

1. Right to Equality:

This right ensures equality before the law and equal protection of the laws for all citizens.
It prohibits discrimination on grounds such as religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth. It
also abolishes untouchability and titles (except for military and academic distinctions).

2. Right to Freedom:

This right encompasses several freedoms, including freedom of speech and expression,
freedom to assemble peacefully, freedom to form associations or unions, freedom of
movement, freedom to reside and settle anywhere in India, and freedom to practice any
profession or occupation. It also includes protections against conviction for the same
offense more than once, self-incrimination, and guarantees the right to life and personal
liberty.

3. Right Against Exploitation:

This right prohibits human trafficking, forced labor (bonded labor), and the employment of
children under 14 years of age in hazardous occupations.

4. Right to Freedom of Religion:

This right guarantees freedom of conscience and the right to freely profess, practice, and
propagate religion. It also allows religious denominations to manage their own affairs in
matters of religion and prohibits state-imposed taxes on the promotion or maintenance of
any particular religion.

5. Cultural and Educational Rights:

 These rights protect the interests of minorities by allowing them to conserve their
language, script, and culture. Minorities also have the right to establish and administer
educational institutions of their choice.

6. Right to Constitutional Remedies:

This right allows individuals to approach the Supreme Court or High Courts for the
enforcement of their fundamental rights. The courts have the power to issue writs such as
habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto, and certiorari to enforce these
rights.

These fundamental rights form the cornerstone of Indian democracy and provide a legal
framework for ensuring justice, equality, and freedom for all citizens.