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Q1) Consider the following statements: Q1) निम्ननिखित कथि ों पर निचार करं :

1) First Round Table Conference was 1) प्रथम ग िमेज सम्मेिि की

chaired by Ramsay MacDonald. अध्यक्षता रामसे मैकड िाल्ड िे
2) The Indian National Congress की थी।
nominated Gandhi and Nehru as its 2) भारतीय राष्ट्रीय काोंग्रेस िे दू सरे
representative for second Round ग िमेज सम्मेिि के निए गाों धी
Table Conference. और िेहरू क अपिा प्रनतनिनध
िानमत नकया नकया था।
Which of the above statements is/are
correct? उपर क्त मं से कौि सा/से कथि सही
है/हैं?
A) Only 1 B) Only 2
C) Both D) None A) Only 1 B) Only 2
C) Both D) None
A) Only 1

First Round Table Conference

The first Round Table Conference was held in London between

November 1930 and January 1931.

It was opened officially by King George V on November 12,

1930 and chaired by Ramsay MacDonald
Second Round Table Conference

Members of the Indian Liberal Party such as Tej Bahadur Sapru, C.Y.
Chintamani and Srinivasa Sastri appealed to Gandhi to talk with the
Viceroy.

Gandhi and Irwin reached a compromise which came to be called the

Gandhi-Irwin Pact (the Delhi Pact).

The second Round Table Conference was held in London from September
7, 1931 to December 1, 1931.

The Indian National Congress nominated Gandhi as its sole

representative.
Q2) Consider the following statements:
1) On the failure of the second Round
Table Conference, the Congress
Working Committee decided to
resume the civil disobedience
movement.
2) In April 1934, Gandhi decided to
withdraw the civil disobedience
movement.
Q2) निम्ननिखित कथि ों पर निचार
करं :
1) दू सरे ग िमेज सम्मे िि की
निफिता पर, काोंग्रेस कायय सनमनत
िे सनििय अिज्ञा आों द िि क
नफर से शुरू करिे का फैसिा
नकया।
2) अप्रैि 1934 मं, गाोंधी िे सनििय
अिज्ञा आों द िि क िापस िे िे
का फैसिा नकया।

Which of the above statements is/are उपर क्त मं से कौि सा/से कथि सही
correct? है /हैं ?

A) Only 1 B) Only 2
A) Only 1 B) Only 2
C) None D) Both
C) None D) Both
D) Both

On the failure of the second Round Table Conference, the

Congress Working Committee decided on December 29, 1931
to resume the civil disobedience movement.

Finally in April 1934, Gandhi decided to withdraw the civil

disobedience movement.

Though people had been cowed down by superior force, they

had not lost political faith in the Congress—they had won
freedom in their hearts.
Q3) Consider the following statements: Q3) निम्ननिखित कथि ों पर निचार करं :

1) The Communal Award was based on 1) साोंप्रदानयक अनधनिर्यय सप्रू सनमनत

the findings of Sapru Committee.
2) Poona Pact was signed by B.R.
Ambedkar on behalf of the depressed
classes.
3) Poona Pact was accepted by the
government as an amendment to the
Communal Award.
के निष्कर्षों पर आधाररत था।
2) दनित िगों की ओर से पूिा पै क्ट पर
बी.आर अोंबेडकर िे हस्ताक्षर नकए
थे।
3) सरकार द्वारा पूिा पैक्ट क
साोंप्रदानयक अनधनिर्यय मं सोंश धि
के रूप मं स्वीकार नकया गया था।

Which of the above statements are correct? उपर क्त मं से कौि से कथि सही हैं ?

A) 1,2&3 B) 2&3 A) 1,2&3 B) 2&3

C) 1&3 D) 1&2 C) 1&3 D) 1&2
B) 2&3

Communal Award and Poona Pact

The Communal Award was announced by the British prime

minister, Ramsay MacDonald, on August 16, 1932.

The Communal Award, based on the findings of the Indian

Franchise Committee (also called the Lothian Committee),
established separate electorates and reserved seats for
minorities, including the depressed classes which were granted
seventy-eight reserved seats
Poona Pact

Signed by B.R. Ambedkar on behalf of the depressed classes on

September 24, 1932, the Poona Pact abandoned the idea of
separate electorates for the depressed classes.

But the seats reserved for the depressed classes were increased
from 71 to 147 in provincial legislatures and to 18 per cent of the
total in the Central Legislature.

The Poona Pact was accepted by the government as an

amendment to the Communal Award.
Q4) Consider the following statements: Q4) निम्ननिखित कथि ों पर निचार करं :

1) All India Anti-Untouchability 1) अखिि भारतीय अस्पृश्यता निर धी

League was established by B.R.
Ambedkar.
2) Ambedkar believed that ‘Gramraj’
would continue the social
hierarchy based on discrimination
and inequality.
िीग की स्थापिा बी.आर. अम्बेडकर
िे की थी ।
2) अम्बेडकर का माििा था नक
'ग्रामराज' भेदभाि और असमािता
पर आधाररत सामानजक अिुक्रम क
जारी रिेगा।

Which of the above statements is/are उपर क्त मं से कौि सा/से कथि सही
correct? है/हैं?

A) Only 1 B) Only 2 A) Only 1 B) Only 2

C) None D) Both C) None D) Both
B) Only 2

Gandhi’s Harijan Campaign and thoughts on Caste

Determined to undo the divisive intentions of the government’s divide

and rule policy, Gandhi gave up all his other preoccupations and
launched a whirlwind campaign against untouchability—first from jail
and then, after his release in August 1933, from outside jail.

While in jail, he set up the All India Anti-Untouchability League in

September 1932 and started the weekly Harijan in January 1933.
After his release, he shifted to the Satyagraha Ashram in Wardha as he had
vowed in 1930 not to return to Sabarmati Ashram unless swaraj was won.

Ideological Differences and Similarities between Gandhi and Ambedkar

For Gandhi, ‘Gramraj’ was ‘Ramraj’ and real independence for Indians. But
for Ambedkar, the status-quoist nature of the Indian villages denied equality
and fraternity and also liberty.

Ambedkar believed that ‘Gramraj’ would continue the social hierarchy based
on discrimination and inequality. So he vehemently propagated that there
was nothing to be of proud of the Indian village system.
The two leaders also differed in their views and approaches in
respect of the context of development for deprived classes.

For instance, when Gandhi named the depressed classes and the
untouchables as ‘Harijan’, Ambedkar denounced it as a clever
scheme.

Thus, when the Depressed Classes League was renamed as Harijan

Sevak Sangh (by Gandhi), Ambedkar left the organisation by
claiming that for Gandhi removal of untouchability was only a
platform, not a sincere programme
Q5) Consider the following Q5) निम्ननिखित कथि ों पर निचार करं :
statements:

1) सोंघर्षय -निजय (S-V) रर्िीनत का

1) Struggle-Victory (S-V) strategy
was suggested by Subash
Chandra Bose.
2) The struggle-truce-struggle or S- 2)
T-S strategy was criticised by
Nehru.
सुझाि सुभार्ष चोंद्र ब स िे नदया
था।
सोंघर्षय निराम-सोंघर्षय या S-T-S
रर्िीनत की िेहरू िे आि चिा
की थी।

Which of the above statements उपर क्त मं से कौि सा/से कथि सही
is/are correct?
है/हैं?

A) None B) Both
C) Only 1 D) Only 2 A) None B) Both
C) Only 1 D) Only 2
D) Only 2

Nehru’s Opposition to StruggleTruce-Struggle Strategy

A large number of Congressmen led by Gandhi believed

that a mass phase of movement (struggle phase) had to
be followed by a phase of reprieve (truce phase) before
the next stage of mass struggle could be taken up.

This was the struggle-truce-struggle or S-T-S strategy.

Criticising the S-T-S strategy, Nehru argued that the Indian
national movement had reached a stage, after the Lahore
Congress call for purna swaraj programme, in which there should
be a continuous confrontation and conflict with imperialism till it
was overthrown.

He advocated maintenance of a “continuous direct action” policy

by the Congress and without the interposition of a
constitutionalist phase.

Real power, he said, cannot be won by two annas and four annas.
Against an S-T-S strategy, Nehru suggested a Struggle-Victory (S-
V) strategy
Q6) Consider the following statements Q6) पीरपुर सनमनत के सोंबोंध मं निम्ननिखित
w.r.t Pirpur Committee: कथि ों पर निचार करं :

1) It was created to prepare a detailed 1) इसे भारत सरकार द्वारा अल्पसोंख्यक ों पर

report on the atrocities faced by ह रहे अत्याचार ों पर एक निस्तृत ररप र्य
minorities by Government of India. तैयार करिे के निए बिाया गया था।
2) It was created in 1938.
2) इसे 1938 मं बिाया गया था।
3) It was created by All India Muslim
League as it felt that Congress was 3) यह अखिि भारतीय मुखिम िीग द्वारा
not sharing power with them. बिाया गया था क् नों क उसे िगा नक
काोंग्रेस उिके साथ सत्ता साझा िही ों कर
रही है।
Which of the above statements are
correct?
उपर क्त मं से कौि से कथि सही हैं ?
A) Only 1 B) 2&3
C) 1&2 D) Only 3 A) Only 1 B) 2&3
C) 1&2 D) Only 3
B) 2&3

The All India Muslim League, annoyed with the Congress for not sharing
power with them established the Pirpur Committee in 1938.

Created to prepare a detailed report on the atrocities supposedly

committed by the Congress ministries.

In its report the committee charged the Congress with interference in the
religious rites, suppression of Urdu in favour of Hindi, denial of proper
representation and of the oppression of Muslims in the economic sphere.

The Congress was forced to realise that being in power and actually running
the administration was not easy, and all sections of populations had such
high expectations as could not be fulfilled all at once.
Q7) Consider the following statements :
1) Subhash Chandra Bose was the
president of the Bengal Provincial
Congress Committee.
2) The Tripuri session of Congress
adopted a resolution that it would
give moral support to those who
were agitating against the
governance in the princely states.
Which of the above statements is/are
correct?
A) Both B) None
C) Only 1 D) Only 2
Q7) निम्ननिखित कथि ों पर निचार करं :
1) सुभार्ष चोंद्र ब स बोंगाि प्राोंतीय काोंग्रेस
कमेर्ी के अध्यक्ष थे।
2) काोंग्रेस के निपुरी अनधिेशि मं एक
प्रस्ताि पाररत नकया गया था नजसके
तहत ररयासत ों मं शासि के खििाफ
आोंद िि करिे िाि ों क िैनतक समथयि
दे िे का फैसिा नकया गया
उपर क्त मं से कौि सा/से कथि सही है /हैं ?
A) Both B) None
C) Only 1 D) Only 2
C) Only 1

Subhash Chandra Bose was president of the Bengal Provincial

Congress Committee.

His main area of work lay in the organisation of the youth and
promoting the trade union movement.

Haripura

At the Congress meeting in Haripura, Gujarat, in February 1938,

Bose was unanimously elected president of the session.
The Haripura session adopted a resolution that the Congress
would give moral support to those who were agitating against
the governance in the princely states.

In the following months, the international situation was highly

disturbed; there were clear signs that Europe was going to be
embroiled in war
Q8) Consider the following Q8) निम्ननिखित कथि ों पर निचार करं :
statements:

1) Bose and his followers formed 1) ब स और उिके अिुयानयय ों िे

the Forward Bloc at Makur, उन्नाि के माकुर मं फॉरिडय ब्लॉक
Unnao. का गठि नकया।
2) Bose was called as the ‘Prince 2) गाोंधी जी िे ब स क ‘दे शभक्त ों के
among the Patriots’ by Gandhi. बीच राजकुमार’ कहा था।

Which of the above statements

is/are correct? उपर क्त मं से कौि सा/से कथि सही
है/हैं?
A) Only 1 B) Only 2
C) Both D) None A) Only 1 B) Only 2
C) Both D) None
C) Both

In May, Bose and his followers formed the Forward Bloc (at Makur,
Unnao) as a new party within the Congress.

But when he gave a call for an all-India protest on July 9 against an AICC
resolution, the Congress Working Committee took disciplinary action
against Bose: in August 1939, he was removed from the post of
president of the Bengal Provincial Congress Committee besides being
debarred from holding any elective office in the Congress for a period of
three years.
Gandhi and Subhash Bose had a deep respect for one another
despite their hugely differing ideologies.

Each appreciated the work done by the other in the national

struggle for freedom. In 1942, Gandhi called Bose the “Prince
among the Patriots”.

When the death of Bose was reported, Gandhi said that Netaji’s
“patriotism is second to none”.
Q9) Consider the following statements Q9) 1940 के काोंग्रेस के रामगढ़ अनधिे शि के
w.r.t The Ramgarh session of the सोंबोंध मं निम्ननिखित कथि ों पर निचार करं :
Congress of 1940:

1) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was
the President.
2) The Congress finally declared at
the session that the people of
India would accept nothing short
of complete independence.
1) मौिािा अबुि किाम आजाद इस अध्यक्ष
थे।
2) काोंग्रेस िे अोंततः अनधिेशि मं घ र्षर्ा की
नक भारत के ि ग पूर्य स्वतोंिता से कम
कुछ भी स्वीकार िही ों करं गे।

उपर क्त मं से कौि सा/से कथि सही है /हैं ?

Which of the above statements is/are
correct?
A) Only 1 B) Only 2
A) Only 1 B) Only 2
C) None D) Both
C) None D) Both
D) Both

The Ramgarh session of the Congress was held in March 1940 with
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad in the president’s chair.

All agreed that a battle must be waged but there was disagreement
over the form.

It was decided to leave the form and timing to Gandhi. But even
now, Gandhi was in favour of continued cooperation at the
provincial level.
The Congress finally declared at the session that the people of India
would accept nothing short of complete independence.

Indian freedom could not be in the form of dominion or any other

status within the imperial structure.
Q10) Consider the following Q10) निम्ननिखित कथि ों पर निचार करं :
statements:

1) 1942 मं नक्रप्स नमशि क नद्वतीय निश्व

1) Cripps Mission in 1942 was sent to
seek Indian support for the world
war II.
2) It was proposed in Cripps Mission
that an Indian Union with a
dominion status would be set up.
Which of the above statements is/are
correct?
युद्ध के निए भारतीय समथयि िे िे के
निए भेजा गया था।
2) नक्रप्स नमशि मं यह प्रस्तानित नकया
गया था नक एक ड नमनियि स्टे र्स
िािे भारतीय सोंघ की स्थापिा की
जाएगी।
उपर क्त मं से कौि सा/से कथि सही है /हैं ?

A) Only 1 B) Only 2
A) Only 1 B) Only 2
C) None D) Both
C) None D) Both
D) Both

Cripps Mission

In March 1942, a mission headed by Stafford Cripps was sent

to India with constitutional proposals to seek Indian support
for the war.

Stafford Cripps was a left-wing Labourite, the leader of the

House of Commons and a member of the British War Cabinet
who had actively supported the Indian national movement
The main proposals of the mission were as follows.

1. An Indian Union with a dominion status would be set up; it

would be free to decide its relations with the
Commonwealth and free to participate in the United Nations
and other international bodies.

2. After the end of the war, a constituent assembly would be

convened to frame a new constitution. Members of this
assembly would be partly elected by the provincial
assemblies through proportional representation and partly
nominated by the princes
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