5 OPTIMISE YOUR GRAMMAR | Higher B2

Modals (1): ability, permission, can't have seen

4 The referee              seen what
happened. If he had, he’d have blown the whistle.
advice/criticism, obligation could be
5 He              a good swimmer,
1 Match the sentences (1–7) to the correct he’s got the right build. We just need to work on
his technique.
functions (A–G).
might've
6 I think the line on the rod             
G
1 I’ll be able to play sports again in a week.   
caught on something because it’s got stuck.
2 We don’t have to wear our uniform to school
B
tomorrow, we can wear casual clothes.    4 Complete the second sentence so it has a
3 I must visit my aunt because it’s her birthday similar meaning to the first. Do not change
E
today.    the word given. Use two to five words,
4 They were allowed to watch the film even though including the word given.
D
it didn’t start until very late.    1 You should insist on seeing the coach to discuss
5 Jane ought to have practised more before the their schedule. OUGHT
F
competition!    ought to insist
You              on seeing the
A
6 I could play the violin when I was younger.    coach to discuss their schedule.
7 You have to buy a ticket before you board the 2 Harry was absent, so he wasn’t one of the pupils
C
train.    caught cheating. COULD
couldn't have been one of the pupils
Harry             
A past ability E personal obligation
caught cheating because he was absent.
B lack of obligation F criticism
3 I think the final score was 3–2 but I’m not
C external obligation G future ability certain. MIGHT
D permission might have been
The final score              3–2.
2 Complete the sentences with a word or 4 She’s a good runner and she’s able to beat her
phrase from the box and the correct form classmates easily. CAN
of the verbs in brackets. can beat
She’s a good runner and she             
her classmates.
are allowed | could | didn’t need to 5 Some extra coaching after school might be
mustn’t | should | will be able to beneficial to your son. MAY
may benefit from someextra coaching
Your son             
1 During the competition only athletes
are allowed to be
             on the track. Trainers after school.
and teachers must stay in the warm-up area. (be)
should get
2 You              your leg checked Unit round-up
over by a doctor, just to make sure it’s nothing
serious. (get)
5 Write one word in each gap.
could speak
3 My grandmother             
French fluently when she was younger. (speak)
4 Now that we’ve registered, we
Introduction to Earthing
            
will be able to compete in the next event. Earthing is a new sport that was demonstrated at
(compete) the 2016 Olympics and (1)       might become a
didn't need to open their suitcases new Olympic event in the future. This sport combines
5 They             
running and swimming. First you (2)       must run
when they went through customs, so they exited
quickly. (open)
to
60 metres, then you have (3)        dive into
a pool and swim 50 metres. If that sounds too much,
mustn't talk
6 You              during recording should
you (4)        not worry as there’s a short event
sessions. Silence is essential. (talk) which is half the distance. There is a circle on the ground
at the end of the pool and runners (5) have
       to
Modals (2): degrees of certainty put one foot in the circle before they dive. Swimmers
allowed to leave the pool until everyone
(6) are not       
3 Complete the sentences with appropriate can
has finished the race. Athletes (7)        wear
words. whatever they like but in order to be successful they
can't have
1 We              missed them. They ought
(8)        to consider the special combined
were still at home two minutes ago. running and bathing suit. At the moment, athletes run
barefoot but I’m sure sports companies
might go
2 The concert              ahead must
(9)        already be looking into the possibilities
depending on the weather. If it rains it will be
of waterproof footwear. Since Earthing is the name of the
cancelled.
can
sport, (10)        you guess what they call the
3 Tickets for these games are very popular, so fans athletes that take part? Yes, that’s right – ‘earthletes’!
need
             to buy their tickets
months in advance to be sure of a seat.

Optimise B2 Optimise B2 Teacher’s Resource Centre © Macmillan Publishers Limited 2017.

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