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    Genevieve Rombaoa
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    The document provides a history of the civil service system in the Philippines from pre-colonial times to the present. It describes how the system evolved from a patronage-based model under Spanish colonial rule, to a merit-based system established by the Americans, to the current system defined by the 1987 Constitution. Key events included the establishment of the civil service in 1901, the creation of constitutional commissions in the Commonwealth era, and reforms introduced after the People Power Revolution in 1986 which decentralized the government and standardized practices. The current civil service system categorizes positions as either career-based requiring qualifications, or non-career service based on trust and limited tenure.

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    PA 6

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    The document provides a history of the civil service system in the Philippines from pre-colonial times to the present. It describes how the system evolved from a patronage-based model under Spanish colonial rule, to a merit-based system established by the Americans, to the current system defined by the 1987 Constitution. Key events included the establishment of the civil service in 1901, the creation of constitutional commissions in the Commonwealth era, and reforms introduced after the People Power Revolution in 1986 which decentralized the government and standardized practices. The current civil service system categorizes positions as either career-based requiring qualifications, or non-career service based on trust and limited tenure.

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    11 views2 pages

    Pa 6

    Uploaded by

    Genevieve Rombaoa
    The document provides a history of the civil service system in the Philippines from pre-colonial times to the present. It describes how the system evolved from a patronage-based model under Spanish colonial rule, to a merit-based system established by the Americans, to the current system defined by the 1987 Constitution. Key events included the establishment of the civil service in 1901, the creation of constitutional commissions in the Commonwealth era, and reforms introduced after the People Power Revolution in 1986 which decentralized the government and standardized practices. The current civil service system categorizes positions as either career-based requiring qualifications, or non-career service based on trust and limited tenure.

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    of 2

    PA 6: HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT

    HISTORY OF THE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM

     PRE- COLONIAL
     Americans (1990)- Civil Service anchored in the Philippines (IPs- Indigenous People)
    - it is formally established under Public Law No.5 (“An Act for the Establishment and Maintenance of
    our Efficient and Honest Civil Service in the Philippine Island”) by the second Philippine Commission

    Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

     Barter System- exchange of goods/resources (no money exchange)

    Philippines was famous because of its spices.

    SPANISH COLONIAL ERA (1565-1946)- Philippines was under Spanish colonial rule

    The Spaniards colonized Philippines for the following reasons:


     3G- Gold, God, & Glory
     To introduce Christianity

     Mestizos- Illustrados (Filipini-Spanish)


    - they took the first step to carry out a revolution
     Andres Bonifanio was one of the people who lead the revolution
     Patronage- who have power

     Centralized- there is only one ruler


    -Spanish Colonial & Martial Law Period
    - the civil service was a chaos
     Decentralized- the transfer of power from the national government to local government units
    - started by Cory Aquino
     Administrative System was hierarchical and patronage-based
     Government positions were typically awarded based on nepotism, political connections and
    loyalty to spanish crown.
     This system entrenched social inequality with the Spanish then, occupying the highest
    government positions
     Lack of formal service system for Filipinos contributed to country’s underdevelopment

    AMERICAN COLONIAL ERA (1898-1946) - Spanish-American War


    -the US took control over Philippines

     Merit and Fitness- appointed because of the qualification standard (education, training, exam,
    experience, eligibility)
     Competitive Exam- interview/ civil service
     Recruitment- publish all vacant position

    COMMONWEALTH ERA (1936-1946)


    At the beginning of the commonwealth era, 96% of employees are American and 4% are Filipinos
     Belle’s Report- corruption became rampant when the Filipinos (96%) lead the government and
    the Americans lead the 4%

    3 Constitutional Commission
     COA (Commission on Audit)
     COMELEC (Commission on Election)
     CSC- (Civil Service Commission)- the central personnel agency of the government
    POST-INDEPENDENCE ERA (1946-PRESENT)
    -Civil Service Eligibility
     Snap Election Happened- Marcos vs. Aquino
    - Marcos won by votes
    - Aquino won by people’s choice
    - EDSA People Power happened and it overthrow Marcos from the Presidency making Cory
    Aquino the new President of the Philippines
     DRAFT CONSTITUTION (1986)- to standardize everything from the past administration of Marcos
     1987 CONSTITUTION- decentralized government
     Local Government Code (LGC 1991)- RA NO. 7160, introduced by Aquilino Q. Pimentel
    -this code establishes the system and defines the powers of provincial, city, municipal, and
    barangay government in the Philippines

    THE PHILIPPINE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM


     Cathegory of the Civil Service
     Career Service- eligibilitty, appointed based on qualifications
    1. Open Career- qualification/ examination is required
    2. Closed Career-permanent position/ excluded from publishing
    3. Career Executive Service- Department Heads
    4. Permanent Laborers- skillled or semi-skilled or unskilled (from agencies)
    5. Personnel/ Givernment Owned or/and Controlled Corporations- by rank salary (salary grades)

    SALARY GRADES BASED ON LEVEL OF POSITIONS


     1st Level- Non-Pro/ Sub-Pro (Clerical)
     2nd Level- Professional
     3rd Level- CESO (Career Executive Service Officer)

     Non-Career Service- based on trust, popularity


    -coterminous (tenure is limited based on appointing officer/ authority)

    Career- policy maker


    Non-Career- implement the policy

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