Biodiversity in the Tropical Forests

Tropical forests are incredibly diverse ecosystems rich in life. These lush jungles
cover a large part of the Earth and host an amazing variety of plants, animals and
microorganisms. Next, we will explore the biodiversity in these forests and its
importance for our planet.

What is the biodiversity?

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth. Includes diversity of species,
genes and ecosystems. Tropical forests are one of the most biodiverse places in
the world. Here are some impressive figures:

 Plant species: It is estimated that tropical forests host about 50% of all
plant species in the world.
 Animal species: From colorful birds to elusive jaguars, tropical forests
are home to a host of animal species. Some scientists believe that up
to 90% of all animal species live in these forests.
 Microorganisms: Tropical forest soils are full of microscopic life, such as
bacteria, fungi and protozoa. These organisms play a crucial role in
ecosystem health.
Importance of tropical forests
1. Climate regulation: Tropical forests absorb large amounts of carbon
dioxide (CO ) and release oxygen. They are essential to mitigating climate
change.
2. Habitat for species: Many plant and animal species depend exclusively
on tropical forests for survival.
3. Medicine and food: Tropical forests provide ingredients for medicines
and food, such as quinine and cocoa.
4. Unknown biodiversity: Despite scientific advances, we still do not
know all the species that live in these forests. Every day, scientists
discover new plants, insects and other organisms.
Conservation and threats
Despite their importance, tropical forests face significant threats:

1. Deforestation: Logging for agriculture, mining and urban expansion

reduces the surface of forests.
2. Climate change: Rising temperatures and altered weather patterns
affect forest health.
3. Illegal trade in species: Poaching and illegal trade in plants and animals
threaten biodiversity.

Conclusion
Tropical forests are treasures of biodiversity that we must protect. Its
conservation is vital to the health of our planet and to future generations. As we
explore and learn more about these ecosystems, let us remember their fragility
and the need to act responsibly.

Sources: National Geographic, WWF.