RELAY

used to control the sequence of operations in machines.

Relay consists of coil and contact

Coil voltage could be 12/24 v dc or 220v Ac

Contact voltage could be 24V dc/220 V AC

CONTACTOR
It is used to connect power from the ac main to the load.
Coil of contactor may work on voltage 220VAC,110VAC,48VDC,24VDC
The contactor can hold standard current 9-12-16-20-25A
Power rated of motor P:

AUXILIARY CONTACTORS:-

The load contactor usually is used as the main contactor.

It handles loads of about 600 A/ AC1.

THERMAL OVERLOAD
It is an electrical device used to protect
an electric motor from overheating or
high current
CIRCUIT BREAKER(CB)
CB
It protect the electric circuit from short Types
circuit current and overcurrent.

MCB MCCB ACB

MCB
Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) 10-125A

MCB
Single phase single pole
Single phase two pole
Three phase three pole
Three phase four pole

MCCB
Molded Case Circuit
Breakers(MCCB) 15A to 1600A
ACB
Air circuit Breaker (ACB) 600-6300A

MCB NAMEPLATE
FUSE
It is used for protection of short circuit current of increased current.

Low voltage

High voltage fuse

FUSE VS. CIRCUIT BREAKER
Advantages
Fuse is very fast
Cheaper than circuit breaker
It is preferred in DC as MCB for the same current will be larger because it use different
technique

Disadvantages
It needs to be changed after SC current
If connected with motor, one fuse of the 3 phase may disconnect but others
don’t
 Pushbutton switches
A pushbutton operates by opening or closing contacts when pressed.
Normally open (NO) pushbutton , which makes a circuit when it is pressed and
returns to its open position when the button is released.

Normally closed (NC) pushbutton, which opens the circuit when it is pressed and
returns to the closed position when the button is released.

Break-before-make pushbutton in which the top section contacts are NC and the
bottom section contacts are NO.

Toggle Switch

Selector Switch
3 position selector switch
It is used to select manual and automatic control modes

Selector switch 6 position

It is used to measure voltage between phases
 On/off one way switch

Key switch
It is used for security

Emergency switch
It is used for emergency stop in dangerous systems

The limit switch

is used in the control circuits of machine processes to govern the starting,
stopping or reversal of motors.
The temperature switch, or thermostat
is used to sense temperature changes

Pressure switches
are used to control the pressure of
liquids and gases.

Level switches
are used to sense liquid levels in
vessels and provide automatic
control for motors that transfer
liquids into tanks.