Conceptual Framework

This study utilizes the independent variable and dependent variable model. The independent
variable is derived from the theoretical framework and review of related literature.

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Demographic profile of the

respondents:

a. Age Provide valuable insights and

b. Sex recommendations for
c. Civil status
d. Education attainment policymakers, agricultural
e. Years of experience in extension services, and
farming
financial institutions to
f. Income
develop tailored interventions
Level of financial literacy of rice and support mechanisms that
farmers in terms of: enhance financial literacy
- Financial Knowledge among rice farmers, leading to
- Financial Skills improved financial decision-
- Financial Attitude making and increased wealth
- Financial Management creation in the sector.

Figure 1: Research Paradigm

Figure 1 above shows the independent and dependent variables of this study. The
independent variable shows the demographic profile of the respondents which are age, sex,
civil status, educational attainment, years of experience in farming and income and the level
of financial literacy of rice farmers in terms of financial knowledge, financial skills, financial
attitude and financial management. While the dependent variable shows the valuable insights
and recommendations for policymakers, agricultural extension services, and financial
institutions to develop tailored interventions and support mechanisms that enhance financial
literacy among rice farmers, leading to improved financial decision-making and increased
wealth creation in the sector.