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Library News 01-2024
Library News 01-2024
News
January 2024
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South Jefferson Library
will be closed Monday,
January 15th in
observance of Martin
Come To The Library! Luther King, Jr. Day
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Library Hours
Monday thru Thursday:
9AM – 6PM
Downlaoad these forms to organize
Saturday your family information in one place!
10AM– 2PM Personal Emergency Contact List (organized31.com)
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"That the Executive will, on the first day of January And I hereby enjoin upon the people so declared to be
aforesaid, by proclamation, designate the States and free to abstain from all violence, unless in necessary
parts of States, if any, in which the people thereof, self-defence; and I recommend to them that, in all
respectively, shall then be in rebellion against the cases when allowed, they labor faithfully for
United States; and the fact that any State, or the reasonable wages.
people thereof, shall on that day be, in good faith, And I further declare and make known, that such
represented in the Congress of the United States by persons of suitable condition, will be received into the
members chosen thereto at elections wherein a armed service of the United States to garrison forts,
majority of the qualified voters of such State shall positions, stations, and other places, and to man
have participated, shall, in the absence of strong vessels of all sorts in said service.
countervailing testimony, be deemed conclusive
evidence that such State, and the people thereof, are And upon this act, sincerely believed to be an act of
not then in rebellion against the United States." justice, warranted by the Constitution, upon military
necessity, I invoke the considerate judgment of
Now, therefore I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the mankind, and the gracious favor of Almighty God.
United States, by virtue of the power in me vested as
Commander-in-Chief, of the Army and Navy of the In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and
United States in time of actual armed rebellion against caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.
the authority and government of the United States, Done at the City of Washington, this first day of
and as a fit and necessary war measure for January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
suppressing said rebellion, do, on this first day of hundred and sixty three, and of the Independence of
January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight the United States of America the eighty-seventh.
hundred and sixty-three, and in accordance with my
purpose so to do publicly proclaimed for the full period By the President: ABRAHAM LINCOLN
of one hundred days, from the day first above WILLIAM H. SEWARD, Secretary of State.
Ellis Island First and second class passengers arriving in New York
(opened January 1, 1892) Harbor were not required to undergo the inspection
www.statueofliberty.org/ellis-island process at Ellis Island. Instead, these passengers
received a cursory inspection aboard the ship; theory
Prior to 1890, individual states, rather than the Federal being that if a person could afford to purchase a first or
Government, regulated immigration into the United second class ticket they were affluent and less likely to
States. Castle Garden (now Castle Clinton), located in become a public charge in America due to medical or
the Battery of Manhattan, served as the New York State legal reasons. However, regardless of class, sick
immigration station from 1855 to 1890. passengers or those with legal problems were sent to
Approximately eight million immigrants passed through Ellis Island for further inspection.
its doors, mostly from Northern European countries;
this constituted the first large wave of immigrants to This scenario was far different for third class
settle and populate the U.S. passengers, commonly referred to as “steerage.” These
immigrants traveled in crowded and often unsanitary
In the 1800s, rising political instability, economic conditions near the bottom of steamships, often
distress, and religious persecution plagued Europe, spending up to two weeks seasick in their bunks during
fueling the largest mass human migration in the history rough Atlantic Ocean crossings. After the steamship
of the world. Around 1890, it became apparent that docked in the Harbor (typically along the west coast of
Castle Garden was ill-equipped and unprepared to Manhattan), steerage passengers would board a ferry
handle the mass influx, leading the Federal government to Ellis Island for their detailed inspection.
to construct a new immigration station on Ellis Island.
During construction, the Barge Office in the Battery was
used for immigrant processing.
The new structure on Ellis Island began receiving
arriving immigrants on January 1, 1892. Annie Moore, a
teenage girl from Ireland, accompanied by her two
younger brothers, made history as the very first
immigrant to be processed at Ellis Island. Over the next
62 years, more than 12 million immigrants would arrive
in the United States via Ellis Island.
Sailing to the Land of Liberty The U.S. Treasury quickly ordered the immigration
facility be rebuilt, under one very important condition:
Most immigrants entered the United States through all future structures built on Ellis Island had to be
New York Harbor, although there were other ports of fireproof. On December 17, 1900, the new Main
entry in cities such as Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Building was opened and 2,251 immigrants were
San Francisco, and New Orleans. The great steamship received that day.
companies like the White Star, Red Star, Cunard, and
Hamburg-America Lines played a significant role in the While ship manifests were burned for entries prior to
history of Ellis Island and immigration as a whole. June 1897, Customs Lists remain. These records were
kept safe in the U.S. Customs Office. So while the
Foundation’s Passenger Search does not include ship Laws and Regulations Evolve
manifests for years prior to 1897, Customs Lists for
those passengers are available to view! Quite similar to In the early 1900s U.S. immigration officials mistakenly
a ship manifest, these records detail each passenger’s thought that the peak wave of immigration had passed.
name, age, country of origin, as well as how many To their surprise, immigration was on the rise. In fact,
pieces of luggage they carried. 1907 marked the busiest year at Ellis Island with
Search here approximately 1.25 million immigrants processed.
Arrival and Inspection From the very beginning of the mass migration period
that spanned 1880 to 1924, a relentless group of
If an immigrant’s papers were in order and they were in
politicians and nativists demanded increased
reasonably good health, the Ellis Island inspection
restrictions on immigration. A literary test, the Chinese
process lasted 3 to 5 hours. The inspections took place
Exclusion Act, the Alien Contract Labor Law, quota laws,
in the Registry Room (Great Hall) where doctors would
and the National Origins Act Laws were among the
briefly scan every individual for obvious physical
regulations enacted to limit who could enter the U.S.,
ailments. Doctors at Ellis Island soon became very
with restrictions based upon the number of ethnic
adept at conducting these “six second physicals.” By groups already living in the country. As a result, Ellis
1916, it was said that a doctor could identify numerous Island experienced a rapid decline in usage beginning in
medical conditions (ranging from anemia to trachoma)
the early 1920s.
by simply glancing at a person.
behind took on new responsibilities such as running Though gold mining continued throughout the 1850s, it
farms or businesses and caring for their children alone. had reached its peak by 1852, when some $81 million
was pulled from the ground. After that year, the total
Thousands of would-be gold miners, known as 49ers for take declined gradually, leveling off to around $45
the year they arrived, traveled overland across the million per year by 1857. Settlement in California
mountains or by sea, sailing to Panama or even around continued, however, and by the end of the decade the
Cape Horn, the southernmost point of South America. state’s population was 380,000.
By the end of the year, the non-native population of
California was estimated at 100,000, (as compared with
Impact of the Gold Rush
20,000 at the end of 1848 and around 800 in March New mining methods and the population boom in the
1848). To accommodate the needs of the 49ers, gold wake of the California Gold Rush permanently altered
mining towns had sprung up all over the region, the landscape of California. The technique of hydraulic
complete with shops, saloons, brothels and other mining brought enormous profits but destroyed much
businesses seeking to make their own Gold Rush of the region’s landscape.
fortune. Dams designed to supply water to mine sites in summer
The overcrowded chaos of the mining camps and towns altered the course of rivers away from farmland, while
grew ever more lawless, including rampant banditry, sediment from mines clogged others. The logging
gambling, alcoholism, prostitution and violence. San industry in the area was born from the need to
Francisco, for its part, developed a bustling economy construct extensive canals and feed boilers at mines,
and became the central metropolis of the new frontier. further consuming natural resources.
Gold Rush Politics In 1884, hydraulic mining was outlawed by court order,
and soon agriculture became the dominant industry in
The Gold Rush undoubtedly sped up California’s California, and it remains so today. While a few mines
admission to the Union as the 31st state. In late 1849, and Gold Rush towns remain, much of the heritage of
California applied to enter the Union with a constitution that era is preserved at places such as Bodie State
that barred the Southern system of racial slavery, Historic Park, a decaying ghost town, and at Marshall
provoking a crisis in Congress between proponents of Gold Discovery State Historic Park, where Sutter’s Mill
slavery and anti-slavery politicians. once stood.
California's Mines
After 1850, the surface gold in California largely
disappeared, even as miners continued to arrive.
Mining had always been difficult and dangerous labor,
Bookworms
What's New? ********************************************************************
Non-fiction
CLUB
Willy Nelson Energy Follows Thought
“1491: New Revelations Of the
Omid Scobie Endgame
Elizabeth Varon Longstreet Americas Before Columbus”
******************************************************************** By Charles C. Mann
Sunday, January 18th at 3PM
Fiction Zoom link: (password – SJPL)
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/87819244321?pwd=V
Mitch Albom The Little Liar mNyL213Q2UrcnJhYTBaUWJ5MCtPZz09
David Baldacci The Edge *******************************************************************
Michael Connelly Resurrection Walk
Janet Evanovich Dirty Thirty
Vince Flynn Code Red
Tess Gerritsen The Spy Coast
Iris Johansen The Survivor
Jonathan Santlofer The Last Mona Lisa
Stuart Woods Obsession “Home Before Dark”
******************************************************************** By Riley Sager
Large Print Monday, January 30th at 7PM
Zoom link: (password – SJPL)
Mitch Albom The Little Liar https://us02web.zoom.us/j/83057991695?pwd=
Carolyn Brown The Lucky SU5vY2dIcmdOUC9xYmVPbnlDTlljZz09
Shamrock *******************************************************************
Easy readers
Mac Barnett Jack And Santa
Jack At Bat
Jack At the Zoo
Jack Gets Zapped
Jack Goes West
Too Many Jacks
Peppa Pig Dinosaur Party
Pete the Cat Show-And-Tell
Matilda Rose Pugicorn: The Christmas
Wish
Maggie Testa The Baby Comes Home
Maria Isabel Sanchez Vegara
Leo Messi
Disney Wish Welcome To Rosas!
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Find the Snowman’s treasures!
The Puzzler Page
January is Brain Teaser Month.
Here is our murder mystery challenge.
Can you find the Murderer? Entry forms at front desk
Measure Up with a Homemade
Thermometer!
Do you love reading? Whether you’re an avid reader who finished hundreds of books last year or a brand-
new bookworm who simply wants to read more — this 2024 reading challenge is for you! The 52 Book
Club’s annual challenge is an entirely customizable reading challenge designed to help you try new
authors and genres, meet fellow bookworms, and crush your reading goals!
Pierogi
(From “Recipes From the Library”, our
very own cookbook! Ask for your copy!)
Library happenings
◄ December January 2024 February ►
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1 2 3 4 5 6
New Year's Day Pre-School Story Hour Pre-School Story Hour
Cancelled for Holiday Cancelled for Holiday New Mexico
Louis Braille's
Birthday - 1809 National Bird Day becomes the 47th
- 1839 state – 1912
Ellis Island opens
1st photo taken of
January 1, 1892 Alaska becomes the Utah becomes the
Earth's Moon Nellie Ross Joan of Arc’s
49th state – 1959 45th state -1896
inaugurated as 1st Birthday -1412
Emancipation woman governor -
Proclamation - 1863 Georgia becomes the J. R. R. Tolkien’s Isaac Newton’s 1925 (Wyoming) Carl Sandburg’s
Library Closed 4th state – 1788 birthday - 1892 Birthday -1643 Library Closed Birthday - 1878
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1st US commercial - 1790 Pre-School Story Pre-School Story
bank opens – 1782 George Washington Hour - 11:00AM Hour 1PM Alexander Hamilton's National Hot Tea Day First Public Radio
(Bank of N. America) delivers 1st State of Birthday - 1755 Broadcast - 1910
the Union Address - 1788
Harlem Connecticut First US Presidential Insulin 1st used to All In the Family 1957
- 1851 becomes 5th state
Globetrotters play Election – 1789 premiers 1971 Frisbee introduced
Jean Foucault proves treat diabetes – 1922
1st game – 1927 (as Plut Platter)
Earth rotates on axis
- 1955 - 1793 - 1863
US Surgeon General Jack London's
Marion Anderson Stephen Hawking’s 1st successful hot air World's first subway Johnny Cash plays
declares cigarettes Birthday – 1876
first performs with Birthday - 1942 balloon flight in US opens in London Folsom Prison - 1968
hazardous - 1964 Library Closed
Metropolitan Opera
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Martin Luther Pre-School Story Pre-School Story Creative Cupboard
Henry Ford begins Hour - 11:00AM Hour 1PM - 1919 10AM – 2PM
King, Jr. Day Versailles Peace
Nat’l Popcorn Day
Assembly Line
Production - 1914 - 2009 Conference opens
USS Nautilus(SSN-
Miracle on the Appreciate a 571) sets sail as 1st Edgar Allan Poe's Iran releases US
Benedict Arnold's Hudson lands safely Dragon Day nuclear powered A. A. Milne's Birthday – 1809 hostages – 1981
Birthday – 1741 submarine - 1955 Birthday – 1882
Martin Luther King, Paul Cezanne’s
Wm. Whipple’s Jr.'s Birthday – 1929 US Civil Service Benjamin Franklin’s Daniel Webster’s Birthday – 1839 Buzz Aldrin's
Birthday - 1730 . Library Closed created - 1883 Birthday - 1706 Birthday - 1782 Library Closed Birthday – 1930
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Book Club 3:00 PM Pre-School Story Pre-School Story
“1491” Uranium atom split Hour - 11:00AM Hour 1PM
for 1st time – 1939 “Robot” enters world Auschwitz Camp
C. Charles Mann language – 1921 Atomic clock liberated - 1945
Elizabeth Blackwell developed – 1955
Guy Fiere’s Gold discovered in
receives medical Robert Burns Lewis Carroll's
Stonewall Jackson's Birthday – 1968 California – 1848
degree - 1849 Birthday – 1759 Birthday – 1832
Birthday – 1824
Michigan becomes
Christian Dior’s Answer Your Cat’s John Hancock's Mary Lou Retton’s Somerset 26th state – 1837 Amadeus Mozart's
Birthday - 1905 Question Day Birthday - 1737 Birthday - 1968 Maugham’s Birthday Library Closed Birthday – 1756
28 29 30 31
Art Show Reception Creepy Book Club Pre-School Story Pre-School Story
SJES Students 2–4PM 7:00 PM Hour - 11:00AM Hour 1PM
“Home Before Dark”
Riley Sager
1st Social Security
Great Seal of the US Beatles last
authorized – 1782 check issued – 1940
concert – 1969
- 1878 Curmudgeons Day
1st telephone - 2020
exchange opened in Kansas Becomes Franklin Roosevelt's UK officially leaves
New Haven, CT 34th state – 1861 Birthday – 1882 the European Union