BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND

TECNOLOGY

WRE-423
River Engineering and Basin Management

Assignment No. 2

Submitted to,
Dr. Md Mostafa Ali
Professor,
Dept. of Water Resources Engineering, BUET

Submitted by,
Mir Mahmid Sarker
1916007
Level 4 / Term 1

Date of Submission: 7th February, 2024

Bangladesh is located in the delta of several major rivers, including the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and
Meghna. The country is prone to flooding, cyclones, and other climate-related challenges. This country
is prone to frequent tropical storms in the coastal regions and intense monsoon rains, particularly over
the highlands. In Bangladesh, floods are frequently caused by all these circumstances. For the reason
of facing regular floods and flash floods, many adaptation projects or plans for minimizing the negative
impacts of flood has been implemented on different times.

Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 (BDP 2100)

The Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 was approved on September 4, 2018, by the government. Its main
goal is to secure future water resources, reduce the impact of climate change, and minimize natural
disasters by the end of the 21st century. The plan aims to ensure long-term food and water security,
environmental sustainability, and economic growth. It tackles various issues like water resources,
agriculture, transportation, urbanization, and the environment, stressing the need for coordinated
efforts.

There are three big goals: ending extreme poverty by 2030, reaching upper middle-income status by
2030, and becoming a prosperous country beyond 2041. The plan has six specific goals:

1. Safety from floods and climate-related disasters.

2. Improved water security and efficiency.
3. Sustainable management of rivers and estuaries.
4. Conservation of wetlands and ecosystems.
5. Developing effective institutions and fair governance for water resources management.
6. Achieving optimal use of land and water resources.

BDP 2100 has 3 principles that are developed on Flood Risk Management Studies. The 3 strategy FR1,
FR2, and FR3 contains different control or management segments with view of improvement.

Overall, the plan includes provisions for the development of infrastructure, such as water
management systems, embankments, and transportation networks, to support economic activities
and improve the livelihoods of the people in the delta region.

National Water Management Plan

The National Water Management Plan is like a blueprint for ministries, agencies, and local bodies in
Bangladesh. It helps them come up with strategies and projects for water-related services and
resources. This plan, created in 2001, focuses on dealing with the challenges of managing water
resources in the country.

During floods in 1998, 2004, and 2017, the National Water Management Plan played a big role in
managing and reducing the impact of floods. Some ways it does this include:

1. Building drainage systems, floodwalls, and embankments.

2. Giving people early warnings about floods.
 3. Taking local measures to control flooding.
4. Doing continuous research and finding new solutions.

These actions have made people more aware, reducing the loss of life and property during floods.
Developing flood-proofing systems, providing desired levels of protection in desired flood risk zones
are some of the technical strategies.

Under the following programs, extensive measures are declared along with objectives for flood
management and protection:

o MC 010-017: To protect statistical metropolitan areas from flooding and stormwater run-off;
All large and small towns protected from 1:100-year floods
o TR 007-008: To protect large and small towns from flooding and stormwater run-off. Dhaka
(MC010), Chittagong (MC012), Khulna (MC014), Rajshahi (MC016) are under the Immediate
Objectives MC03 for protection from 1:100-year floods
o DM 003-005: Includes Flood proofing in charlands (DM003)- 3500000 charland & haor basin
inhabitants in flood proofed dwellings, National, Regional & Key Feeder Roads – Flood
Proofing (DM004), Railway Flood Proofing (DM005)

National Adaptation Plan

The National Adaptation Plan of Bangladesh (2023-2050) aims to lessen the effects of climate change
and make a plan for strong development. Its slogan is 'Building Resilience, Ensuring Sustainability.' The
plan covers many areas like the coast, water management, and city resilience.

Since Bangladesh often faces floods, the plan has done things to help:

❖ The weather department now warns early about floods, so people can get ready and stay safe.
❖ They built structures like embankments and flood shelters to reduce losses.
❖ Better coordination between rivers and lakes helps manage floods.
❖ Communities are involved in making early warning systems, building flood-resistant houses,
and raised platforms. This helps a lot during floods.

Some of the salient features of NAP related to flood include:

❖ Addressing river floods, flash floods, urban floods etc are some of the most critical climate
change induced hazards in Bangladesh.
❖ Categorizing 11 Climate Stress Areas and the nature of flooding these go through

The National Adaptation Plan has been working to reduce problems and make things better since it
started. The plan proposes interventions to address these risks, such as protecting vulnerable areas
from flooding, dredging rivers, rehabilitating flood and drainage management with eco-friendly
solutions, and creating flood shelters. These measures aim to reduce the impact of floods and make
communities more resilient to climate change.

people can prepare before a flood and move to safer places. These plans also use structures and
other methods to divert and minimize the impact of floods, making the country more resilient to
flooding.