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  • Psy 100

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    Areen Shafiq
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    1) Humans exhibit biases that skew rational reasoning, such as framing effects where choices are perceived differently depending on if a scenario is framed in terms of gains or losses. 2) Additional biases like fairness bias, hindsight bias, and confirmation bias can influence judgments and decisions in irrational ways. 3) Intelligence incorporates general knowledge, social skills, and emotional intelligence, not just academic abilities, and is something that can be improved through effort, not solely determined by innate factors. Intelligence is best measured objectively through psychometrics rather than through self or other judgments.

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    PSY 100

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    1) Humans exhibit biases that skew rational reasoning, such as framing effects where choices are perceived differently depending on if a scenario is framed in terms of gains or losses. 2) Additional biases like fairness bias, hindsight bias, and confirmation bias can influence judgments and decisions in irrational ways. 3) Intelligence incorporates general knowledge, social skills, and emotional intelligence, not just academic abilities, and is something that can be improved through effort, not solely determined by innate factors. Intelligence is best measured objectively through psychometrics rather than through self or other judgments.

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    3 views2 pages

    Psy 100

    Uploaded by

    Areen Shafiq
    1) Humans exhibit biases that skew rational reasoning, such as framing effects where choices are perceived differently depending on if a scenario is framed in terms of gains or losses. 2) Additional biases like fairness bias, hindsight bias, and confirmation bias can influence judgments and decisions in irrational ways. 3) Intelligence incorporates general knowledge, social skills, and emotional intelligence, not just academic abilities, and is something that can be improved through effort, not solely determined by innate factors. Intelligence is best measured objectively through psychometrics rather than through self or other judgments.

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    of 2

    PSY100

    Why are we unable to reason rationally:

    Human bias: unprobeable: we exaggerate


    probable: not exaggerate

    1st case
    choose between 2 health programs
    both are the same thing but by instinct you will choose 1 because it seems like the loss has
    been minimized.

    2nd Case
    1% chance of winning, sounds better than 99% chance of loosing

    3rd Case: most likely to choose 2nd one because it has been framed in such a way

    We tend to reject risk and avoiding loss through the framing effect

    Biases and mental states:


    Fairness bias
    Price of A=10 but in your mind you think A should be fore 7 you leave that thing and don’t
    buy

    Hindsight bias:
    I knew it. We overestimate that we can predict things and cloud ourselves because we lose
    track of whether it was actually predicted, or you predicted the correct thing

    Confirmation bias:
    What I was thinking was wrong, and you were right.
    you will talk to a friend who will give you the conformation you need. And think that all
    others are not understanding or unempathetic

    Behavior:
    What determines intelligence: something you are born with but can be increased given that
    you put in effort

    Is this intelligence:
    General knowledge, strong knowledge, people who know how to answer in a group of
    people, understand and manage our emotions: forms of intelligence
    Intelligence not only academic

    How do you know that you’re intelligent?


    We are unable to confirm if we are intelligent or others are until we have some facts.
    We measure intelligence through psychometrics: IQ etc.
    PSY100

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