Number And Number Sense

Chapter 1: Whole Numbers

Lesson 1: Place Value

Our numeration system is called Hindu-Arabic or Decimal System. Unlike other

numeration systems such Roman numeration, the hindu-Arabic System uses place
value which makes it easier to read numbers.

Lesson 2: Addition of Whole Numbers

Addition is the process of putting two or more numbers or things together.

Addends are the numbers being added together.

Sum is the result in addition.

Properties of Addition

1. Commutative Property of Addition (CPA)

The order of the addends does affect the sum.
2. Associative Property of Addition (APA)
It says that changing thegrouping of the addends does not affect the sum.
3. Identity Property of Addition (IPA)
States that the sum of a number and zero is the same number.

Lesson 3: Subtraction of Whole Numbers

Subtraction is the process of taking away one number from another.

Subtraction is the inverse operation of addition.

Minuend the number being subtracted from the other number, called the subtrahend

or the number used to subtract.

Difference is the answer in subtraction.

Lesson 4: Multiplication of Whole Number

Multiplication is called repeated addition since adding the same number repeatedly may be
expressed as multiplication instead.
 Properties of Multiplication

1. Commutative Property of Multiplication (CPM)

When the order of the factors is changed, the product is still the same.
2. Associative Property of Multiplication (APM)
The grouping of the factors does not affect the product.
3. Identify Property of Multiplication (IPM)
When the number is multiplied by 1, the product is the number itself.
4. Zero Property of Multiplication (ZPM)
Any number multiplied by zero is zero.

Multiplication as Repeated Addition

In the multiplication sentence 830 x 2 = 1 660, 830 and 2 are called factors while

1660 is called product.

Lesson 5: Division of Whole Numbers

Division is the process of splitting numbers into equal parts.

Division is called repeated subtraction. It is also considered as the inverse operation

of multiplication.

Dividend the number being divided.

Divisor the number that divides.

Quotient the answer in division.