Lesson 8

Integration by Parts
 INTEGRATION by PARTS

Suppose and are differentiable function of  x.

(integrating both sides)

or

Integration by this formula is called Integration by Parts. The main goal is to choose
and to obtain a new integral that is easier to evaluate than the original. A strategy
that often works is to choose and so that becomes simpler when differentiated,
while having a that can be readily integrated to obtain .
There is another useful strategy for choosing
  and that can be applied when the
integrand is a product of two functions from the different categories

Logarithmic, Inverse trigonometric, Algebraic, Trigonometric, Exponential

Take to be the function whose category occurs earlier in the list and take to be the
rest of the integrand.
The acronym LIATE will help to remember the order. The method does not work
all the time, but it proves to be useful.
Examples:
1. Evaluate  
Solution:

2. Evaluate
Solution:
3. Evaluate  
Solution:
4. Evaluate  
Solution:
5. Evaluate  
Solution:
 Tabular Method for Repeated Integration by Parts

Integrals of the form where is a polynomial can  sometimes be evaluated by repeated integration by
parts. A convenient method for organizing the computations into two columns is called the tabular
integration by parts
Steps are as follows:
1. Differentiate repeatedly until you obtain 0, and list the results in the first column.
2. Integrate repeatedly and list the results in the second column.
3. Draw an arrow from each entry in the first column to the entry that is one row down to the second
column.
4. Label the arrows with alternating + and – signs, starting with a +.
5. For each arrow, form the product of the expressions at its tip and tail and then multiply the
product by +1 or -1 in accordance with the sign on the arrow. Add the results to obtain the
value of the integral.
6. Evaluate (using Tabular Method)  
Exercises:

Evaluate the following:  

3.