1.

All living and nonliving things are composed of _______, which is anything that occupies
space and has mass.
2. ________ is the gravitational force acting on an object of a given mass.
3. ________ is the amount of matter in an object.
4. The international unit for mass is _______, which is the mass of a platinum-iridium
cylinder kept at the International Bureau of Weight and Measurements in Paris.
5. ________ is the simplest type of matter having unique chemical properties.
6. _______ is the smallest particle of an element that has the chemical characteristics of
that element, which are composed of subatomic particles which some have an electrical
charge.
7. An element is composed of (5) of only _____ (number) kind.
8. _________ is one of the fundamental properties of matter; It is the tendency of particles
to be attracted to each other or repulsed from each other.
9. Two types of electrical charge: (1) _______ & (2) ______
10. Three major types of subatomic particles: (1) ______, (2) _____, (3) ________
11. A _____ has a positive charge
12. A _____ has a negative charge
13. A _____ has no charge
14. The center of the atom that contains protons and neutrons is called ________
15. The electrons can be found in an ________
16. (T/F) Most of the volume of an atom is occupied by the neutrons.
17. (T/F) The nucleus accounts for 99.97% of an atom’s mass, but only 1-ten-trillionth of its
volume.
18. The ________ is the number of protons in each atom.
19. The ________ is determined by adding the number of protons and neutrons in each
atom.
20. ________ are two or more forms of the same element that have the same number of
protons and electrons, but have a different number of neutrons.
21. _______ is the sharing of transferring of an atom’s outermost electrons.
22. _______ are concentric rings found around the nucleus where the energy levels are
often drawn.
23. The innermost shell (shell closest to the nucleus) holds a maximum of ______ electrons,
while the remaining shells hold a maximum of ______ electrons.
24. The number of electrons in the ______ determines an atom’s chemical behavior; Also
called the outermost shell.
25. ______ is the rule wherein the tendency of atoms to combine with other atoms until each
atom has 8 electrons in its valence shair.
26. Atoms achieve an octet in one of two ways: (1) the transferring of electrons between
atoms called ______, and (2) by sharing electrons between atoms called ______.
27. __________ is the ability of the atom’s nucleus to pull electrons toward it.
28. In a chemical bond, the atoms that have very different (27) tend to ______ electrons,
while the atoms that have similar electronegativity tend to ________ electrons.
29. A charged particle called a(n) ______ is formed when the numbers of protons and
electrons are no longer equal.
30. A(n) _______ is formed when electrons are transferred between atoms, creating
oppositely charged ions.
31. A(n) _______ forms when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.
32. A(n) _______ is a resulting combination of atoms.
33. A type of bond where electrons are shared equally between the nuclei because the
electrons have the same attraction to the nucleus is called _______.
34. The two hydrogen atoms held together by (33) can now form a _______.
35. When two atoms involved in a covalent bond have different electronegativities,
________ will form; This is another type of (33)
36. A(n) ______ is a substance resulting from the chemical combination of two or more
different types of atoms.
37. ____________ are weak charge attractions that exist between separate molecules, or
between ions and molecules; They are considered weak because there is no exchange
of electrons.
38. If positively charged hydrogen of one molecule is attracted to the negatively charged
oxygen, nitrogen, or flourine of another molecule, a(n) _________ is formed.
39. When ionic compounds dissolve in water, their ions ______ or separate from each other
because the positively charged ions are attracted to the negative ends of the water
molecules.
40. These separated ions are sometimes called _______, because they have the capacity to
conduct an electrical current, the flow of charged particles.
41. A(n) _______ is the formation or breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, ions,
molecules, or compounds.
42. The substances that enter into a chemical reaction are called ________.
43. The substances that result from the chemical reaction are called ________.
44. When two or more reactants combine, or to form a larger, more complex product, the
process is called a ________; This process is also called anabolism.
45. (44) reactions in which water is also a product are called _______.
46. In a __________, reactants are broken down into smaller, less complex products; This is
the reverse of a synthesis reaction and is called catabolism.
47. (46) reactions in which water is also a product are called ________.
48. A(n) _______ is a combination of a decomposition reaction and a synthesis reaction.
49. In a(n) __________, the reaction can run in the opposite direction so that the products
are converted back to the original reactants.
50. When the rate of product formation is equal to the rate of reactant formation, the reaction
is said to be at ________; In this, the amount of the reactants relative to the amount of
products remain constant.
51. _______ is defined as the capacity to do work.
52. _______ is stored (51).
53. _______ is caused by the movement of an object and is the form of (51) that actually
does the work.
54. _______ is (51) resulting from the position or movement of objects; Includes moving a
limb, breathing, circulating blood.
55. _______ is a form of (51 / 52) stored within the chemical bonds of a substance.
56. If the (52) in reactants is LESS than that in the products, _______ is needed for the
reaction to occur.
57. If the (52) in reactants is MORE than that in the products, _______ is released from this
reaction.
58. _______ is a proton donor
59. _______ is a proton acceptor.
60. _______ is a means of referring to the H+ concentration in a solution.
61. _______ solution has an equal number of H+ and OH- and thus a pH of 7.0.
62. _______ solution has a greater concentration of H+ than of OH- and thus a pH less than
7.0.
63. _______ solution or alkaline has fewer H+ than OH- and thus a pH greater than 7.0.
64. The normal pH range for human blood is 7.35-7.45. If the blood pH drops below 7.35, a
condition called _______ results where the nervous system is depressed and the
individual becomes disoriented and possibly comatose.
65. if the blood pH is above 7.45, _______ results where the nervous system becomes
overexcitable and the individual can be extremely nervous or have convulsions.
66. ________ is a compound consisting of a positive ion other than H+ and a negative ion
other than OH; Formed by the reaction of an acid and a base.
67. ________ is a chemical that resists changes in pH when either an acid or a base is
added to a solution containing it.
68. ________ are organic molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
69. The simplest (68) are _______ or simple sugars.
70. _________ are formed when two (69) are joined by a covalent bond.
71. _________ consist of long chains of (69); The three important types of this include
glycogen, starch, and cellulose.
72. Glycogen is ______ starch.
73. Starch and cellulose are found in ________.
74. ________ are a major group of organic molecules that are defined as being relatively
insoluble in water.
75. ________ important energy-storage molecules
76. ________ & _______ are building blocks for fats
77. ________ are the most common type of fat molecules.
78. A fatty acid is _______ if it contains only single covalent bonds between the carbon
atoms.
79. A fatty acid is _______ if it has one or more double covalent bonds.
80. ________ are building blocks of protein.
81. _______ increases the rate of chemical reaction.
82. _______ a type of protein and (81) that increases the rate of chemical reactions without
it being permanently changed.
83. The building blocks of RNA and DNA are ________.
 ANSWERS

1. Matter 13. Neutron 26. (1) Ionic Bonding,

2. Weight 14. Nucleus (2) Covalent
3. Mass 15. Electron Cloud Bonding
4. Kilogram (kg) 16. F (It is the 27. Electronegativity
5. Element electrons) 28. (1) Transfer, (2)
6. Atom 17. T Share
7. One (1) 18. Atomic Number 29. Ion
8. Electric Charge 19. Mass Number 30. Ionic Bond
9. Positive or 20. Isotopes 31. Covalent Bond
Negative charge 21. Chemical Bonds 32. Molecule
10. Proton, Neutron, or 22. Electron Shells 33. Nonpolar
Electron 23. Two (2) 34. Nonpolar Molecule
11. Proton 24. Valence Shell 35. Polar Covalent
12. Electron 25. Octet Ryle Bonds
36. Compound 76. Glycerol & Fatty
37. Intermolecular acids
Forces 77. Triglycerides
38. Hydrogen 78. Saturated
Bond(ing) 79. Unsaturated
39. Dissociate 80. Amino acids
40. Electrolytes 81. Catalyst
41. Chemical Reaction 82. Enzyme
42. Reactants 83. Nucleotides
43. Product
44. Synthesis
45. Dehydration
46. Decomposition
47. Hydrolysis
48. Exchange Reaction
49. Reversible
Reaction
50. Equilibrium
51. Energy
52. Potential Energy
53. Kinetic Energy
54. Mechanical Energy
55. Chemical Energy
56. Energy Input
57. Energy
58. Acid
59. Base
60. pH scale
61. Neutral
62. Acidic
63. Basic
64. Acidosis
65. Alkalosis
66. Salt
67. Buffer
68. Carbohydrates
69. Monosaccharides
70. Disaccharides
71. Polysaccharides
72. Animal
73. Plant
74. Lipids
75. Fats