3300088356-01 12 Procedure Programming - 84

PROCEDURE
PROGRAMMING
3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1
0
PROCEDURE PROGRAMMING
GOAL:
• Purpose of this module is to present the basic philosophy and knowledge for
the procedure programming in SAGEM DS language, in order to know:
• how to read a procedure, SAGEM DS Language,
• how to create very basic computation and event detection,
• how to modify procedures already programmed by SAGEM DS.
TARGETED AUDIENCE:
• AGS users in charge of analysis programming.
• AGS users in charge of flight data analysis who wish to modify some
programming characteristics.
For extended AGS procedure programming, refer to Procedure Programming 2

training course module (2 days). Module dedicated to experienced programmers.
1
AGENDA
1. Procedure Purpose & Programming Method on AGS

2. Additional Parameters Computation
• 2.1. Purpose, classification, execution rules
• 2.2. Correction and filtering of recorded parameters
• 2.3. Computation of new parameters (IVV, PITCH RATE, MACH…)
• 2.4. Tuning of the system parameters for flight management EXERCISE 1
3. Event Detection Programming

• 3.1. Purpose and classification
• 3.2. Analysis for flight operation and maintenance departments
• 3.3. Main principles about event monitoring
4. Graphic User Interface
• 4.1. The three lists of procedures
• 4.2. The procedure programming window
• 4.3. Help window for SAGEM DS Language
• 4.4. Check of procedure syntax
2
AGENDA
5. SAGEM DS Language

• 5.1. The basic rules, computation and affectation
• 5.2. The basic rules, the variables EXERCISE 2
PARAMETER
PARAMETER (-t)
Local variables
Constant
• 5.3. Test rules
5.3.1. The operators of comparison
5.3.2. The test instructions EXERCISE 3
• 5.4. The basic functions
• 5.5. The enhanced functions EXERCISE 4
• 5.6. The event Storage EXERCISE 5 EXERCISE 6
• 5.7. The data management functions EXERCISE 7
DATA_TO_EDIT window
DATA_TO_BASE, DATA_TO_FILE, DATA_TO_REPORT instructions
6. Methodology & Example of Standard Procedures EXERCISE 8
3
1. PROCEDURE PURPOSE & PROGRAMMING METHOD ON AGS
PROCEDURE DESCRIPTION AND PURPOSE
• A procedure is ‘little software’ programmed in AGS by SAGEM DS and AGS user.
• AGS is fully programmable to create new procedures or modify already

defined to adapt AGS exploitation to A/C characteristics and Airline needs.
• The procedures are executed during automatic analysis (input and replay) in
order:
- 1. to compute additional parameters (parameters not recorded on board but used to
perform a consistent analysis).
- 2. to monitor flight situations for event detection and for data creation to external application.
4
PROCEDURE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS PERFORMED.

• 1. Procedure for additional parameters computation for:
- parameters filtering and corrections
- AGS adaptation to the aircraft recording
- flight analysis improvements (Derived parameters)
• 2. Procedure for maintenance and performance monitoring for:

- Monitoring required by maintenance department
- Interface with external application (ECM, SAGE..)
- List of events to be edited in the analysis report and/or stored in the database
- List of parameters to be stored in the database
• 3. Procedure for flight operation monitoring for:

- Interface with external application (BASIS)
- Monitoring required by flight operation department
- List of events to be edited in the analysis report and/or stored in the database
- List of parameters to be stored in the database
5
PROCEDURE EXECUTION
MEDIA AUTOMATIC ANALYSIS
Procedure for
Additional Parameters
Recorded
Parameters Procedure for
Maintenance:
ALT_FINE - exceedence detection.
ALT_STDC, LATC,
ALT_COARSE - file for external SW. REPORTS
IASC,
LATP (Fine & Coarse) - maintenance
CONF…
FLT_NUM (BCD) parameter storage.
FLIGHT PHASE
DAY
FLIGHT N° FILES for
MONTH
FLIGHT CUT external SW
HOURS Procedure for
DATE
MINUTES
TIME Flight operation:
FLAP AGS
FUEL - Event detection.
FUEL FLOW Database
CONSUPTION... - file for external SW.
IAS
- parameter storage.
VRTG Additional parameters
6
PROCEDURE PROGRAMMING METHODOLOGY

• All the procedures are defined and programmed according to a methodology
that concerns:
- 1. the procedures classification describing the procedure number according to the
procedure type.
- 2. the programming using SAGEM DS language:
Respect of the procedure numbering
The more comment as possible
Respect of the procedure structure as defined in the document
• A SAGEM DS document referenced 3000255772-Issue 01 describes the

methodology for procedures programming. It is available directly from AGS
Help menu.
REMINDER:
All new AGS configurations delivered to customer are ready to use.
Purpose of this module is to learn how to adapt SAGEM DS Standard programming
to very basic airlines needs, as: limit setting or data output format
7
2. ADDITIONAL PARAMETERS COMPUTATION
2.1. PURPOSE, CLASSIFICATION, EXECUTION
PURPOSE
Three kinds of additional parameters are computed by AGS from the recorded
parameters:
- 1. Additional parameters from filtering and correction.
- 2. Additional parameters for flight analysis improvements (Derived Parameters).
- 3. Additional parameters for AGS adaptation to the aircraft recording.
These parameters are also called “System Parameters”.
• Thanks to the user interface and to the SAGEM DS language, the user will
define procedures to specify computations that will be performed during the
automatic analysis.
• Additional parameters computation are executed during automatic analysis

directly from recorded parameters.
8
CLASSIFICATION
• User can define up to 1000 procedures for additional parameters (from 0 to 999).
Procedure type Number Description Execution
At analysis
Procedure for initializations and start or stop
0 to 79 Parameter setting At flight start
end of treatments
or stop
Parameter filtering and correction
Procedure for 1st pass of analysis 80 to 99 1 to 32 Hz
Detection of ground touch
Procedure for parameter filtering
100 to 199 Parameter filtering and correction 1 to 32 Hz
and corrections
Procedure to compute parameters 200 to 299 Basic computation 1 to 32 Hz
for flight analysis improvement
300 to 499 Enhanced computation
(not depending on flight phase)
500 Message cut detection 1 to 32 Hz
502 Date & time computation
504 Flight number computation
506 Origin & destination computation
Procedure to compute the system
508 Flight phase computation
parameters for the flight
510 Flight change detection
management
512 Flight identification detection
514 Flight type computation
516 Flight recognition in realized flights
518 Detection of flight in progress
Procedure to compute parameters 600 to 699 Basic computation 1 to 32 Hz
for flight analysis improvement
700 to 899 Enhanced computation
(depending on flight phase)
Miscellaneous treatments 900 to 999 1 to 32 Hz
9
PROCEDURE EXECUTION ORDER

• Decreasing order of rate
For each rate: Increasing number of procedure
Execution
order 200 200 200 200
201 201
300 300
540
Time order
0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 sec.
Example: the procedure 200 computes at 4Hz an additional parameter PITCH_RATE

the procedure 201 computes at 2Hz an additional parameter IVV
the procedure 300 computes at 2Hz an additional parameter MACH
the procedure 540 computes at 1Hz an additional parameter FLIGHT_PHASE
10
2.2 CORRECTION & FILTERING OF RECORDED PARAMETERS
• According to the aircraft recording, some parameters must be corrected or

filtered before being analyzed. If not the risk is to detect during automatic
analysis false events due ‘normal invalid’ values.
• For each concerned parameter the user must create a computed parameter
defined by a procedure containing the algorithm to compute the
corresponding correction
• Example of Radio Altitude correction:
11
2.3. COMPUTATION OF NEW PARAMETERS
Some necessary parameters for flight analysis can be missing in

the recorded data frame:
• Example of the IVV (Vertical Speed) computation.
// IVV COMPUTATION
// IVV = derived from ALTITUDE
// =======================
IVV=ALTITUDE - PREVIOUS_ALTITUDE
12
2.4. TUNING OF THE SYSTEM PARAMETERS FOR FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
During automatic analysis AGS monitors and uses a list of system

parameters which enables:
• 1. the time base management
• 2. the recording cut management
• 3. the flight detection
• 4. the flight phase computation
Two kinds of system parameters:

• 1. Internal System parameters automatically computed by AGS software
• 2. Compulsory system parameters to be managed by programming.
13
System parameters are available from AGS « Parameter List »:

Check System box
14
List of the system parameters computed by AGS:

Internal Display Computation Validity
Parameter Description Internal Range Display Computation Validity
Parameter Description Format Range Format Rate Period
Format Format Rate Period
Description : Counter used in the procedure for event detection in order to date
Description : Counter used in the procedure for event detection in order to date Maximum
the events Integer, right 1 to Maximum
T the events Integer, right 1 to DECIMAL execution
T User info. : Is incremented at each time interval corresponding to the maximum justified 99999999 DECIMAL execution
User info. : Is incremented at each time interval corresponding to the maximum justified 99999999 rate
execution rate rate
execution rate
Description : Frame counter
Description : Frame counter Integer, right 1 to
FR_COUNT User info. : Contains a number between 1 and N Incremented for each frame Integer, right 1 to DECIMAL 1/4 Hz
FR_COUNT User info. : Contains a number between 1 and N Incremented for each frame justified 9999999 DECIMAL 1/4 Hz
acquired by the AGS (see Analysis option) justified 9999999
acquired by the AGS (see Analysis option)
Description : Subframe counter Integer, right
SF_COUNT Description : Subframe counter Integer, right 1 to 4 DECIMAL 1 Hz
SF_COUNT User info. : Contains a number between 1 and 4 justified 1 to 4 DECIMAL 1 Hz
User info. : Contains a number between 1 and 4 justified
BAD_SF Description : Inform user about subframe validity Integer, right 0 to 3 DECIMAL 1 Hz
BAD_SF Description : Inform user about subframe validity Integer, right 0 to 3 DECIMAL 1 Hz
User info. : Is set to 0 for valid subframe, justified
User info. : Is set to 0 for valid subframe, justified
1 for unknown subframe,
1 for unknown subframe,
2 for bad subframe,
2 for bad subframe,
3 for padded subframe
3 for padded subframe
BADSF_NR Description : Inform user about the number of invalid subframe (including both Integer, right 0 to N DECIMAL 1 Hz
BADSF_NR Description : Inform user about the number of invalid subframe (including both Integer, right 0 to N DECIMAL 1 Hz
bad and unknown subframes). It enables an abort of the automatic justified
bad and unknown subframes). It enables an abort of the automatic justified
analysis.
analysis.
User info. : Contains a number between 0 and N
User info. : Contains a number between 0 and N
VALUE_ST Description : Inform user about value validity Integer, right 0 to 3 DECIMAL Maximum
VALUE_ST Description : Inform user about value validity Integer, right 0 to 3 DECIMAL Maximum
User info. : Is set to 0 for valid value, justified execution
User info. : Is set to 0 for valid value, justified execution
1 for unknown value, rate
1 for unknown value, rate
2 for bad value,
2 for bad value,
3 for padded value
3 for padded value
PAD Description : Inform user if the value is padded or not Integer, right 0 to 1 DECIMAL Maximum
PAD Description : Inform user if the value is padded or not Integer, right 0 to 1 DECIMAL Maximum
User info. : Is set to 0 for not padded value, justified execution
User info. : Is set to 0 for not padded value, justified execution
1 for padded value rate
1 for padded value rate
PAR_QUAL Description : Inform user about the current flight parameter quality. It should be Integer, right 0 to 100 DECIMAL 1/4 Hz
PAR_QUAL Description : Inform user about the current flight parameter quality. It should be Integer, right 0 to 100 DECIMAL 1/4 Hz
used at the end of flight. justified
used at the end of flight. justified
User info. : Contains a percent between 0 (worst) and 100 (best)
User info. : Contains a percent between 0 (worst) and 100 (best)
15
List of the system parameters computed by AGS:

Internal Display Computation Validity
Parameter Description Internal Range Display Computation Validity
Parameter Description Format Range Format Rate Period
Format Format Rate Period
Description : Maximum execution rate. Integer, right
RATE Description : Maximum execution rate. Integer, right 1 to 32 DECIMAL
RATE User info. : Contains a number between 1 and 32 Hz justified 1 to 32 DECIMAL
User info. : Contains a number between 1 and 32 Hz justified
Description : Inform user if the current analysis is in flight input mode.
Description : Inform user if the current analysis is in flight input mode.
Useful for initializations in procedures (flight identification like Integer, right
FLIGHT_ INPUT Useful for initializations in procedures (flight identification like Integer, right 0 to 1 DECIMAL
FLIGHT_ INPUT DATE, …) justified 0 to 1 DECIMAL
DATE, …) justified
User info. : Is set to 1 for flight input, 0 for flight replay
User info. : Is set to 1 for flight input, 0 for flight replay
Description : Inform user when all the procedures has been executed one time
Description : Inform user when all the procedures has been executed one time
at least. Useful for initializations in procedures Integer, right
START_ ANALYSIS at least. Useful for initializations in procedures Integer, right 0 to 1 DECIMAL 1 sec
START_ ANALYSISUser info. : Is set to 1 at the first second of the automatic analysis start, set to justified 0 to 1 DECIMAL 1 sec
User info. : Is set to 1 at the first second of the automatic analysis start, set to justified
0 after
0 after
Description : Inform user when a new flight is beginning. Useful for initializations
Description : Inform user when a new flight is beginning. Useful for initializations
in procedures Integer, right
START_ FLIGHT in procedures Integer, right 0 to 1 DECIMAL 1 sec
START_ FLIGHT User info. : Is set to 1 at the first second of the automatic analysis start, and justified 0 to 1 DECIMAL 1 sec
User info. : Is set to 1 at the first second of the automatic analysis start, and justified
when a flight change occurs, set to 0 after
when a flight change occurs, set to 0 after
Description : Number of the current pass
Description : Number of the current pass Integer, right
PASS_NO User info. : Set to 1 at the first pass, 2 at the second pass or when there is Integer, right 1 or 2 DECIMAL
PASS_NO User info. : Set to 1 at the first pass, 2 at the second pass or when there is justified 1 or 2 DECIMAL
only one pass justified
only one pass
CUT Description : Inform user when a message cut occurs (recorder stop or synchro Integer, 0 to 1 DECIMAL 4 sec
CUT Description : Inform user when a message cut occurs (recorder stop or synchro Integer, 0 to 1 DECIMAL 4 sec
lost) right justified (1 frame)
lost) right justified (1 frame)
User info. : Is set to 1 when the current frame is not continuous with the
User info. : Is set to 1 when the current frame is not continuous with the
previous one
previous one
AGS action. : The time basis is reset
AGS action. : The time basis is reset
Description : Time at Touch-Down (compatible with the parameter T). Available Maximum
Description : Time at Touch-Down (compatible with the parameter T). Available Integer, right 1 to Maximum
TTDWN only when executing analysis in two steps. Integer, right 1 to DECIMAL execution
TTDWN only when executing analysis in two steps. justified 99999999 DECIMAL execution
User info. : Value of parameter T when the parameter TOUCH_GND is set to 1 justified 99999999 rate
User info. : Value of parameter T when the parameter TOUCH_GND is set to 1 rate
16
List of the system parameters to be managed by user

(at programming level):
Internal D ispla y P rocedure V alidity
P aram eter D escription Internal R ange D ispla
P aram eter D escription Form at R ange Form at y P rocedure
N o. PVeriod
alidity
Form at Form at N o. P eriod
D escription : C urrent date (com puted from the data fram e)
UD escription
ser prog. : : MCusturrent datethe
contain (com numputed
ber C from
C Y Ythe
M Mdata fram e)
D D where:
U ser prog. # : DM D : num ber of days per m onth (1 to 31) where:
ust contain the num ber C C Y Y M M D D Integer, right 0 to
D A TE D A TE 502
D A TE # #MDMD: :num numberberofofmdays onthsper
per m year
onth (1(1 to
to 12)
31) Integer,
justifiedright 47121231
0 to
D A TE 502
# #YM Y:Mnum: numberber
of of m onths
years per year(0(1toto99)
per century 12) justified 47121231
# Y Y: num ber of years
# C C : num ber of centuries (19 to 47)per century (0 to 99)
D escription : #C urrent
C C : numtimber of centuries
e (com puted from (19theto 47)
data fram e)
Integer, right
TIM E UD escription
ser prog. : : MCust urrent tim ethe
contain (com num puted from
ber of the data
seconds framday
in the e)
Integer, 0 to 86399 TIM E 502
TIM E U ser prog. : (0Mtoust24*60*60-1)
contain the num ber of seconds in the day justifiedright 0 to 86399 TIM E 502
justified
(0 to 24*60*60-1)
D escription : 1st part of the flight num ber S tring of up to
FLIG HT_N O 1 – A S C II 504
FLIG HT_N O 1 UD escription
ser prog. : : M1stust part of the
contain flight num
a string of upber to 4 AS CII char 4S characters
tring of up to
– A S C II 504
U ser prog. : M ust contain a string of up to 4 AS CII char 4 characters
D escription : 2nd part of the flight num ber S tring of up to
FLIG HT_N O 2 D escription – A S C II 504
FLIG HT_N O 2 U ser prog. : : M2nd part of the
ust contain flight of
a string numupberto 4 AS CII char 4S characters
tring of up to
– A S C II 504
D escription : O rigin airport of the flight.
UD escription
ser prog. : : MOust rigin airporta of
contain the flight.
string of up to 4 AS CII char S tring of up to
O R IG IN U ser prog. : WMeust – A S C II 506
O R IG IN advice to put the IAof
contain a string TAupcodeto 4 (3AScharacters)
CII char 4S characters
tring of up to
– A S C II 506
W e advice
instead of thetoICputA Othe IA TA
code (4 code (3 characters)
characters) 4 characters
instead of the IC A O code (4 characters)
D escription : D estination airport of the flight. S tring of up to
DESTINATION D escription : D estination – A S C II 506
DESTINATION U ser prog. : M ust containairport
a string ofof
theupflight.
to 4 A SCII char 4S characters
tring of up to
– A S C II 506
U ser prog. : M ust contain a string of up to 4 A SCII char 4 characters
D escription : Take-off runway identification. S tring of up to
R U NW AY _TO – A S C II 506
R U NW AY _TO UD escription
ser prog. : : MTake-off
ust contain runway
a stringidentification.
of up to 3 AS CII char 3S characters
tring of up to
– A S C II 506
D escription : Landing runway identification. S tring of up to
R U NW AY _ LD – A S C II 506
R U NW AY _ LD UD escription
ser prog. : : MLanding
ust contain runway
a stringidentification.
of up to 3 AS CII char 3S characters
tring of up to
– A S C II 506
D escription : M essage cut detection (not-continuous data)
D escription : It M isessage cuttim
useful for detection
e base reset(not-continuous data)
U ser prog. : In Itmisost useful
cases, forthe
tim software
e base reset autom atically detects
U ser prog. : the
In mm essage
ost cases,cutthe software
thanks autom loss
to synchro atically
anddetects
the m essage
recording stops. cut thanks to synchro loss and Integer, right 500 and U ntil next
CUT 0 to 1 D E C IM A L
CUT Inrecording
som e cases stops.
when there is m essage cut Integer,
justifiedright 0 to 1
500 and U ntil next
D E C IM A Lon request fram e
In somsynchro
without e cases loss,whenthe there
user is m
m ust
essage
inform cutthe justified on request fram e
without synchro
system about m essage loss, thecutuser m ust inform
by setting to 1 C U the
T
system
param eter about m essage cut by setting to 1 C UT
A G S action : Inparam eter the tim e basis is reset
all cases,
A G S action : In all cases, the tim e basis is reset
17

Internal Display Procedure Validity
Parameter Description Internal Range Display Procedure Validity
Parameter Description Format Range Format No. Period
Format Format No. Period
Description : Flight phase number
Description : Flight phase number Integer, right
FLIGHT_ PHASE User prog. : Must contain a number between 0 and n (we advise to reserve 0 Integer, right 0 to 255 OPTION 508
FLIGHT_ PHASE User prog. : Must contain a number between 0 and n (we advise to reserve 0 justified 0 to 255 OPTION 508
for invalid phase and n<= 16) justified
for invalid phase and n<= 16)
Description : Flight change detection.
Description : Flight change detection.
User prog. : Must be set to 1 between the TAXI_IN and PREFLIGHT flight
User prog. : Must be set to 1 between the TAXI_IN and PREFLIGHT flight Integer, right Until next
FLIGHT_ CHANG phases Integer, right 0 to 1 DECIMAL 510 Until next
FLIGHT_ CHANG phases justified 0 to 1 DECIMAL 510 frame
AGS action : When flight change is set to 1, a new flight is managed and the justified frame
AGS action : When flight change is set to 1, a new flight is managed and the
time basis is reset
time basis is reset
Description : Flight identification ready (i.e. flight number, origin and destination
Description : Flight identification ready (i.e. flight number, origin and destination
are valid)
are valid)
User prog. : Must be set to 1 as soon as the flight can be correctly identified (for Integer, right Until next
FLIGHT_ IDENT User prog. : Must be set to 1 as soon as the flight can be correctly identified (for Integer, right 0 to 1 DECIMAL 512 Until next
FLIGHT_ IDENT example: between the TAXI_OUT and TAKE_OFF flight phases) justified 0 to 1 DECIMAL 512 frame
example: between the TAXI_OUT and TAKE_OFF flight phases) justified frame
AGS action : When flight identification is set to 1, the flight number, origin and
AGS action : When flight identification is set to 1, the flight number, origin and
destination are taken into account
destination are taken into account
FLIGHT_ Description : Flight recognized in the realized flight list Integer, right Until next
FLIGHT_ Description : Flight recognized in the realized flight list Integer, right 0 to 1 DECIMAL 516 Until next
RECOGN User prog. : Must be set to 1 when the flight is recognized justified 0 to 1 DECIMAL 516 frame
RECOGN User prog. : Must be set to 1 when the flight is recognized justified frame
Description : Flight in progress
Description : Flight in progress
User prog. : Must be set to 1 when the flight is in progress between TAXI_OUT
User prog. : Must be set to 1 when the flight is in progress between TAXI_OUT Integer, right
IN_FLIGHT and TAXI_IN flight phases) Integer, right 0 to 1 DECIMAL 518
IN_FLIGHT and TAXI_IN flight phases) justified 0 to 1 DECIMAL 518
AGS action : This information is taken into account to determine the real flight justified
AGS action : This information is taken into account to determine the real flight
time
time
18

Description : Flight type computation. Useful for the filtering of flight in the
Description : Flight type computation. Useful for the filtering of flight in the
analysis report and in the database (according to analysis options).
analysis report and in the database (according to analysis options).
User prog. : Must be set to:
User prog. : Must be set to:
- 0 for incomplete flights
- 0 for incomplete flights
- 1 for engine run-up aintenance action
- 1 for engine run-up aintenance action Integer, right
FLIGHT_ TYPE - 2 for flight test Integer, right 0 to 4 DECIMAL 514
FLIGHT_ TYPE - 2 for flight test 0 to 4 DECIMAL 514
- 3 for training flights
- 3 for training flights
- 4 for commercial flights
- 4 for commercial flights
For information, the value can depend on the flight phase
For information, the value can depend on the flight phase
chronology and on the flight number for training flights.
chronology and on the flight number for training flights.
AGS action : This information is taken into account at the end of the flight
AGS action : This information is taken into account at the end of the flight
Description : A/C Tail, characters 1 to 3 String of
AC_TAIL1 Description : A/C Tail, characters 1 to 3 String of – ASCII 999
AC_TAIL1 User prog. : Must contain a string of 3 ASCII char 3 characters – ASCII 999
User prog. : Must contain a string of 3 ASCII char 3 characters
Description : A/C Tail, character 7 String of
AC_TAIL3 Description : A/C Tail, character 7 String of – ASCII 999
AC_TAIL3 User prog. : Must contain a string of 1 ASCII char 1 character – ASCII 999
User prog. : Must contain a string of 1 ASCII char 1 character
Description : A/C Type Ref (Wired number) Integer, right
AC_TYPE Description : A/C Type Ref (Wired number) Integer, right 1 to 999 ASCII 999
AC_TYPE User prog. : Must contain a number 1 to 999 ASCII 999
User prog. : Must contain a number
Description : A/C Ident (Wired number) Integer, right
AC_IDEN Description : A/C Ident (Wired number) Integer, right 1 to 999 ASCII 999
AC_IDEN User prog. : Must contain a number 1 to 999 ASCII 999
User prog. : Must contain a number
19
List of system parameters to be computed by the user for the

analysis in two steps (at programming level):

Description : Lift-off indicator
Description : Lift-off indicator Integer, right Until next
LIFT_GND User prog. : Must be set to 1 at the lift-off (transition of landing gear from AIR to Integer, right 0 to 1 DECIMAL 90 Until next
LIFT_GND User prog. : Must be set to 1 at the lift-off (transition of landing gear from AIR to justified 0 to 1 DECIMAL 90 frame
GROUND) justified frame
GROUND)
Description : Ground touch indicator
Description : Ground touch indicator Integer, right Until next
TOUCH_GND User prog. : Must be set to 1 at the ground touch (transition of landing gear Integer, right 0 to 1 DECIMAL 90 Until next
TOUCH_GND User prog. : Must be set to 1 at the ground touch (transition of landing gear justified 0 to 1 DECIMAL 90 frame
from AIR to GROUND) justified frame
from AIR to GROUND)
ARP_HEIGH_ Description : Height of destination airport Integer, right -200 to
ARP_HEIGH_ Description : Height of destination airport Integer, right -200 to DECIMAL 90
DEST User prog. : Must be set to ALT_STDC at ground touch justified 5000 feet DECIMAL 90
DEST User prog. : Must be set to ALT_STDC at ground touch justified 5000 feet
20
Description : Current date (recorded during flight)
Description : Current date (recorded during flight)
User prog. : Must contain the number CCYYMMDD where:
User prog. # :DD:
Must contain
number ofthe number
days CCYYMMDD
per month (1 to 31) where:
# DD: number of days per month (1 to 31) Integer, right 0 to
List of system DATE_R
DATE_R
# MM: number of months per year (1 to 12)
# MM: number of months per year (1 to 12)
# YY: number of years per century (0 to 99)
# #CC:
YY:number
numberofofcenturies
years per(19
century
to 47)(0 to 99)
Integer, right
justified
justified
0 to
47121231
47121231
DATE
DATE
502
502
# CC: number of centuries (19 to 47)

parameters to be AGS action. : Used for display based on recorded time
AGS action. : Used for display based on recorded time
Description : Current time (recorded during flight)
Description : Current time (recorded during flight)
User prog. : Must contain the number of seconds in the day Integer, right
computed by the TIME_R
TIME_R
User prog. :(0Must contain the number of seconds in the day
to 24*60*60-1)
(0 to 24*60*60-1)
Integer, right0 to 86399 TIME
justified
justified
0 to 86399 TIME
502
502
user for trajectory LATPC
LATPC
Description : Present Position Latitude
Description : Present Position Latitude
AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using position
AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using position
Integer, right
Integer, right
justified
+/-90
+/-90 DECIMAL
deg DECIMAL
101
101
parameters justified deg
display (at LONPC
parameters
Description : Present Position Longitude
Description : Present Position Longitude Integer, right +/-180
Integer, right +/-180 DECIMAL 101
AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using position justified deg
LONPC DECIMAL 101
programming level) AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using position
parameters
parameters
Description : True Airspeed
justified deg
Description : True Airspeed Integer, right 0 to600

TAS AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using air speed Integer, right 0 to600 DECIMAL
TAS AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using air speed justified knot DECIMAL
and recorded wind justified knot
and recorded wind
Description : True Heading
Description : True Heading Integer, right 0 to360
HEAD_TRUE AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using air speed Integer, right 0 to360 DECIMAL
HEAD_TRUE AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using air speed justified deg DECIMAL
and recorded wind justified deg
and recorded wind
Description : Wind Speed
Description : Wind Speed Integer, right 0 to200
WIN_SPD AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using air speed Integer, right 0 to200 DECIMAL
WIN_SPD AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using air speed justified knot DECIMAL
and recorded wind justified knot
and recorded wind
Description : Wind Direction
Description : Wind Direction Integer, right 0 to360
WIN_DIR AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using air speed Integer, right 0 to360 DECIMAL
WIN_DIR AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using air speed justified deg DECIMAL
and recorded wind justified deg
and recorded wind
Description : Height above runway
Description : Height above runway Integer, right 0 to 5000
HEIGH AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using air speed Integer, right 0 to 5000DECIMAL 212
HEIGH AGS action. : Used for trajectory computation using air speed justified feet DECIMAL 212
and forecasted wind (wind law 5 / True wind) justified feet
and forecasted wind (wind law 5 / True wind)
Description : Distance between runway threshold and touch-
Description : Distance between runway threshold and touch- -1000 to
down Integer, right -1000 to
DIST_LDG down Integer, right 2500 DECIMAL 702
DIST_LDG AGS action. : Used for the distance computation with origin at justified 2500 DECIMAL 702
AGS action. : Used for the distance computation with origin at justified miles
runway threshold miles
runway threshold
21
List of system parameters reserved by the AGS for trajectory

display (at programming level)
Internal
Internal Display
Display Procedure
ProcedureValidity
Validity
Parameter
Parameter Description
Description Range
Range Format
Format
Format Format No.
No. Period
Period
Description
Description : : Distance
Distanceon onground Integer,
DIST ground Integer,right
right +/-9999
+/-9999 DECIMAL
DIST AGS justified miles DECIMAL ------
AGS action. : Used for the displayofofcurves
action. : Used for the display curvesy=f(distance)
y=f(distance) justified miles
22
Exercise 1: AGS System parameters: T and RATE EXERCISE 1

Goal: Understand relation between T and RATE system parameters
0- Set Database Version 492 as current DB version
1- Replay flight for F-SAGEM2.
2- Display T, RATE and VRTG system parameters

into the Tabular Data from Manual Analysis.
3- Display all VRTG values for one sec:

“make a zoom on the Tabular Data.”
Zoom In: F4 Key on the Tabular Data area
Zoom Out: F3 Key on the Tabular Data area
What is recording rate for VRTG? Tabular Data area
4- Why RATE is 8 Hz?
5- Conclusion ? (T according to RATE)
23
3. EVENT DETECTION PROGRAMMING
3.1. PURPOSE AND CLASSIFICATION
PURPOSE
The procedures for maintenance and flight operation allow to define all the treatments to be
performed during the automatic analysis.
• Maintenance Activities:
- EGT, N1, N2, Vibration exceedences…
- Output data files for external Engine Trend Monitoring software (ECM, SAGE, COMPASS),
- Output data files for external Performance Monitoring software (APM, other airline application)
• Flight Operation Activities:

- Speed monitoring,
- Acceleration monitoring,
- Aircraft configuration monitoring,
- Master Warnings monitoring in order to generate automatic alert,
- Output data to files for External software (BASIS).
Using the SAGEM DS language, the procedures are defined and follow the principles described hereafter.
24
3.1. PURPOSE AND CLASSIFICATION
CLASSIFICATION
• The user can define up to 10000 procedures for maintenance and for flight
operation:
- The procedures between 0 and 99 are reserved for miscellaneous initialization

and end of treatments,
- The procedures between 100 and 999 are reserved to compute specific
additional parameters,
- The procedures between 1000 and 9999 are reserved for event monitoring.
• Thanks to the user interface, the user can define the procedures to specify
the monitoring to be performed. Then, these procedures will be executed
during automatic analysis.
25
3.2. ANALYSIS FOR FLIGHT OP. & MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENTS
PROCEDURES FOR MAINTENANCE MONITORING

Procedure
Proceduretype
type Number
Number Description
Description Execution
Execution
AtAtanalysis
analysisstart/
start/
Initializations
Initializationsand
andend
endof
of stop
stop
00toto99
99 Parameter
Parametersetting
setting
treatments
treatments AtAtflight
flightstart
start/ /
stop
stop
Additional 100
100toto499 Basic
Basiccomputation
Additionalcomputation
computationfor
forthe
the 499 computation
maintenance analysis requirement 500 to 999 Enhanced
maintenance analysis requirement 500 to 999 Enhancedcomputation
computation
1000
1000toto2999
2999 Group:
Group: Basicconditions
Basic conditions
Triggering
Triggeringcondition
conditionmonitoring
monitoring 3000 to 4999
3000 to 4999 Group:
Group: Exceedanceconditions
Exceedance conditions
5000
5000toto6999
6999 Group:
Group: Miscellaneousconditions
Miscellaneous conditions
Analysis
Analysisreport
reportoutput
output 7000 to 7999
7000 to 7999 Group: Analysis report output
Group: Analysis report output
Group:
Group:Output
Outputreport
reportfor
forengine
engine
8000 to 8299 trend monitoring software
trend monitoring software 11toto32
32Hz
Hz
8000 to 8299
SAGE,
SAGE,ECMECMII,II,COMPASS
COMPASS
Output Group:
Group:Output
Outputreport
reportfor
foraircraft
Outputreport
reportfor
forexternal
external 8300 to 8499 monitoring software
aircraft
purposes
purposes 8300 to 8499 monitoring software
Boeing
BoeingAPM,
APM,Airbus
AirbusAPM
APM
Group:
Group:Output
Outputreport
reportfor
forother
other
8500 to 8999 external purposes
external purposes
8500 to 8999
Airlines
AirlinesApplication
Application
Subroutines
Subroutines 9000 to 9999 Group: Subroutines
9000 to 9999 Group: Subroutines On
Oncall
call
26
3.2. ANALYSIS FOR FLIGHT OP. & MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENTS
PROCEDURES FOR FLIGHT OPERATION MONITORING

At analysis start/
Initializations and end of At analysis start/
Initializations and end of 0 to 99 Parameter setting stop
treatments 0 to 99 Parameter setting stop
treatments At flight start / stop
At flight start / stop
Additional computation for the 100 to 499 Basic computation 1 to 32 Hz
Additional computation for the 100 to 499 Basic computation 1 to 32 Hz
flight operation analysis
flight operation analysis 500 to 999 Enhanced computation 1 to 32 Hz
requirement 500 to 999 Enhanced computation 1 to 32 Hz
requirement
1000 to
1000 to Group: Speed 1 to 32 Hz
1999 Group: Speed 1 to 32 Hz
1999
2000 to
2000 to Group: Acceleration 1 to 32 Hz
2999 Group: Acceleration 1 to 32 Hz
2999
3000 to
3000 to Group: Aircraft Attitude 1 to 32 Hz
3999 Group: Aircraft Attitude 1 to 32 Hz
3999
Triggering condition 4000 to
Triggering condition 4000 to Group: Aircraft Configuration 1 to 32 Hz
monitoring 4999 Group: Aircraft Configuration 1 to 32 Hz
monitoring 4999
5000 to
5000 to Group: Engine Power 1 to 32 Hz
4999 Group: Engine Power 1 to 32 Hz
4999
6000 to
6000 to Group: Master Warnings 1 to 32 Hz
6999 Group: Master Warnings 1 to 32 Hz
6999
7000 to
7000 to Group: Miscellaneous 1 to 32 Hz
7999 Group: Miscellaneous 1 to 32 Hz
7999
Group: Output data for trend
8000 to Group: Output data for trend
8000 to monitoring software 1 to 32 Hz
Output report for external 8499 monitoring software 1 to 32 Hz
Output report for external 8499 (as BASIS)
purposes (as BASIS)
purposes 8500 to Group: Output data for other
8500 to Group: Output data for other 1 to 32 Hz
8999 external purposes 1 to 32 Hz
8999 external purposes
9000 to
Subroutines 9000 to Group: Subroutines On call
Subroutines 9999 Group: Subroutines On call
9999
27
3.3. MAIN PRINCIPLES ABOUT EVENT MONITORING
General organization of a procedure for event detection

1
• Monitoring period (basic condition to start the event monitoring)
- Flight phase
- Parameters within a specific window range
- Normal operation
- Data stability criteria
• Trigger condition monitoring (condition used to detect the event)
- Rising / falling edge of a discrete transition
- Over / under limit exceedence
- Over / under time exceedence
2
• Trigger condition check (condition used to activate the event storage)
- Immediate (as soon as the trigger condition is met)
- Delayed (at the end of the flight)
- Options for report output, statistics, …
• Reset condition (limitation of events number)
- One event per flight
- Or on event per exceedence
28
CASE 1: STORAGE OF ALL EXCEEDENCES
MONITORING PERIOD
EXCEEDENCE
MONITORING
EXCEEDENCE
CHECK
RESET CONDITION
SEVERITY CLASS 3
SEVERITY CLASS 2
SEVERITY CLASS 1
EVENT EVENT EVENT EVENT EVENT EVENT EVENT EVENT EVENT

Class 1 Class 1 Class 2 Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 2 Class 2 Class 3
Immediate Storage: the exceedence check is done during the monitoring period.
29
CASE 2: STORAGE OF THE WORST EXCEEDENCE
MONITORING PERIOD
8 CRUISE
9 DESCENT
7 CLIMB 10 APPROACH
13 GO AROUND ->7
6 INITIAL CLIMB 11 FINAL APPROACH
TOUCH AND GO ->3
1 ENGINE STOP 3 TAKE OFF 5 SECOND SEGEMENT EXCEEDENCE 12 LANDING
2 TAXI OUT 4 REJECTED TAKE OFF ->14

1 MONITORING 14 TAXI IN 1 ENGINE STOP
SEVERITY CLASS 3
SEVERITY CLASS 2
SEVERITY CLASS 1
RESET CONDITION 3
EVENT
2 EXCEEDENCE CHECK
Delayed Storage:
the exceedence check is done after the monitoring period.
30
Example of high speed during final approach
1 Monitoring period
3 RESET Condition
11 FINAL APPROACH
14 TAXI IN
IAS monitoring during final approach

according to 3 defined limits
2 Check if one event has been
memorised during
LIM3 monitoring period. To be
LIM2
LIM1 stored in AGS database if
any.
In this example,
1. Only one exceedence is memorized during the monitoring period according programming
2. Then, during the check period, the detected event is stored in the database
3. At the end of the flight the procedure is reset to be ready for the next flight
31
4. GRAPHIC USER INTERFACE
4.1. THE THREE LISTS OF PROCEDURES
The three procedures lists

3 procedure types
3 procedure lists
Exercise: Open the 3 procedure lists

32
4.1. THE THREE LISTS OF PROCEDURES
The procedures list Interface
Create a new procedure
Modify selected procedure
Procedures played during

analysis at first and second
pass
Area to display/modify
the defined limits
Possibility to change Possibility to activate or not

execution rate the procedure during analysis
33
4.2. THE PROCEDURE PROGRAMMING WINDOW
Selected screen
configuration
The procedure programming window
BLUE Used for the

commentary Eng. Display
function
GREEN in the event list
keywords Parameter name
and which receive the
functions event label on curve
Double-click
to insert
BLACK
Parameters MAGENTA
and local limits
variables
GREEN-
BLUE
constants
ZONE FOR LIMITS AND

ERROR MESSAGE
34
Exercise: Procedure Programming Window
• Set Current the version 10385
• Open procedures and look at all different areas, colors used in procedure code:
- Open Procedure 212, from procedures for additional parameter window,
- Open Procedure 1020, from procedures for Flight Operation.
35
Hide All / Show All
Cut, Copy, Paste
Undo
Right click
Select all
Comment, Uncomment
Search / Replace Text
Help on SAGEM DS
Language
Parameters list
36
Select and Right click to

define a constant as an
interactive limit
The limits will be

available to be changed
without opening the
programming window
37
4.3. HELP WINDOW FOR SAGEM DS LANGUAGE
The procedure programming window Select function and push HELP button
to display:
- Description
- Syntax
- Example
double-click to insert
in procedure code
38
4.4. CHECK OF PROCEDURE SYNTAX
Test of a procedure:
• Green light, the syntax is correct, no error. The procedure can be validated.
• Orange light, warning only. The procedure can be validated.
Automatic
Syntax
Analysis
Manual Syntax
Analysis
39
4.4. CHECK OF PROCEDURE SYNTAX
Test of a procedure:
• Red light, procedure contains an error. The procedure can not be validated.
No flight data analysis will be possible with this database version.
Click on error
message
to jump to bad line
40
5. SAGEM DS LANGUAGE
Introduction
• SAGEM DS Language is the language of programming used to write the

procedures.
• SAGEM DS Language is simple and uses instructions very close to Basic

Language.
• Purpose of this chapter is to study:

- 1. The variables, it means the data managed by procedures through SAGEM DS Language.
- 2. Basic tests and basic specific instructions for event and data output.
41
5.1. THE BASIC RULES: COMPUTATION AND AFFECTATION
Computation and affectation
• SAGEM DS language is composed

on 3 main components:
- 1 the instructions 1 2
- 2 the comparison operators
- 3 the computations operators
• Example:
- Comparison:
if configuration=2 and speed>250…
- Computation: 3
2=1+1
42
5.2. BASIC RULES, THE VARIABLES
AGS SAGEM DS language allows user to create computation using variables that
can be:
• Parameters,
• Local variables,
• Constants.
PARAMETERS
• Concern the Recorded and Additional Parameters,
• Names used are declared in Parameter list of database version and use always
uppercase letter,
Example: ALT_STD,
• Characteristics of Recorded Parameter are:
- All types except ‘Computed on Ground’ and ‘Constant’.
- To avoid data violation, it is forbidden to affect a value to a Recorded Parameter.
Example: ALT_STD = 0
• Additional Parameter are:
- Types ‘Computed on Ground’.
- It is possible to affect a value: P=2.
Example:N1_AVG= (N11+N12)/2
• Parameter values can be displayed using manual analysis functions (tabular, f(t),…)
43
PARAMETER(-t) , PARAMETER(+t)
VALUE OF A PARAMETER t SECONDS BEFORE/AFTER THE CURRENT TIME

P
Value t2 seconds after

Current value
Sample
period
Value t seconds before
t1 seconds before (max=180s)
T-t1 T T+t2 TIME

(Current time)
Note: t is rounded according to the procedure execution rate,
t>0 works on recorded parameter and additional parameter computed in first pass only.
Example: ALT_STD(-1), means value of ALT_STD parameter 1 sec before current time
VRTG(-0.125) means value of VRTG,1/8 sec before current time.
44
LOCAL VARIABLES
Used to store temporary computation

• Local variable are known only in the procedure where they are mentioned,
they are unknown in the other procedure,
• They are not declared in Parameter list,
• Names must start with a lower case letter character (not number), use up to 14
alphanumeric characters. Example: max_PITCH.
• Local variable types:
- max_PITCH considered as a float number,
- max_PITCH@ considered as a float number and memorized between flights,
- max_DFC! considered as a integer number,
- fltnum$ considered as a string of up to 4 characters.
Local variables can not be displayed with manual analysis tool.
45
CONSTANT PARAMETERS
Two types of constant:

• Constant that declared in Parameter list, type ‘CONSTANT’, written in capital
letters. These parameters are used to represent a value of reference and that
never change during analysis:
• Value used in several procedures that can be set by airline:
- CRUISE_LEVEL, EGT_LIM
• Value where a text is easier than a number:
- EARTH_RADIUS,
- KG_TO_LB,
- CRUISE to identify the number 7 to flight phase cruise,
• Physical information with different raw value regarding A/C parameter:
- AIR = 1 in the air for B737 and AIR = 0 in the air for B757
• Constant used directly in procedure that represents a number or a string:
- IF (dest_airp$ = ‘TLS’) THEN offset= 1 ENDIF
String type Decimal type
46
Exercise 2: Basic rules and variables EXERCISE 2

Goals:
- Create a new computation for new additional parameter
- Practice with variables and affectation
Exercise 2. PART 1/4 – Computation of Earth perimeter
• 0. Set Database Version 492 as the current DB Version.
• 1. Create a new “Computed On ground” parameter named as EARTH_PERIM.
• 2. Create a procedure for Additional Parameter Computation No 100.

- Check execution rate of procedure No 100 is at 1hz
- Compute and memorize Earth perimeter in kilometers [ parameter: EARTH_PERIM ]
Help: Use CONSTANT parameters from Parameter List: EARTH_RADIUS and PI

If you forget it :
Earth perimeter = 2 x Pi x Earth radius
Earth radius: 6461760 m ; 1 ft = 0.3048 m
47
• 3. Test procedure syntax and validate the Database Version
• 4. Replay flight of A/C F-SAGEM2
• 5. Use tabular tool to display new parameter value
Exercise 2. PART 2/4 – Computation of average value for N1 on both engines
• 1. Create a new “Computed On ground” parameter named as AVG_N1.
• 2. Compute and memorize average value for N1 on both engines [ parameter: AVG_N1 ].
• 3. Test procedure syntax and validate the Database Version.
• 4. Replay flight of A/C F-SAGEM2.
• 5. Use tabular tool to display new parameter values.
48
Exercise 2. PART 3/4 – Memorize altitude 2 seconds before the current time
• 1. Create a new “Computed On ground” parameter named as ALT2.
• 2. Memorize average value for standard altitude 2 seconds before the current time
[ parameter: ALT2 ].
Help: refer to chapter 5.2. “VALUE OF A PARAMETER t SECONDS BEFORE/AFTER THE CURRENT TIME”
• 4. Replay flight of A/C F-SAGEM2.
• 5. Use tabular tool to display new parameter values.
49
Exercise 2. PART 4/4 – Memorize your initial name
• 1. Create a new “Computed On ground” parameter named as MYNAME.
• 2. Memorize your initials (name) [ parameter MYNAME ] (defined with Mode: ASCII ; length <=4 ).
• 4. Replay flight of A/C F-AAAA.
• 5. Use tabular tool to display new parameter value.
50
5.3. TEST RULES
TEST PURPOSE
• Tests are very important in AGS procedures because all the time something is
done in accordance with the result of a condition only.
• For instance: “if the speed at final approach below 200 ft is too high, flight
situation is abnormal then AGS stores event for statistic analysis”.
TEST SYNTAX
• AGS tests use instruction of SAGEM DS language and condition set.

• A basic condition set is defined as:
( first operand operator second operand )
for instance: “if ( the speed is greater than 140 kts ) then…”
51
5.3.1. THE OPERATORS OF COMPARISON
Test syntax, operator of comparison

• Comparisons between operands are set by the following operators
The comparison operators

Type Representation Description
Relational = Equal to “if the speed is greater than 140 kts then…”
# Different from
< Less than
> Greater than Becomes:
<= Equal to or less than
>= Equal to or greater than “if ( speed > 140 ) then…”
Test syntax, combination of condition

“if the speed is greater than 140 kts and
Combination of condition
Type Representation Description the ALT_STD is less than 200 ft then…”
Logical AND Conjunction Becomes:
OR Disjunction
“if ( speed >140 AND ALT_STD <200 ) then…”
52
5.3.2. THE TEST INSTRUCTIONS
IF (…) THEN ... ENDIF

PROCEDURE N°x
Note:
test = one or several conditions
IF (test) TRUE
action = one or several instructions
FALSE THEN action 1
ENDIF
Example:
IF (ALT_STD >19500) THEN FLIGH_PHASE=CRUISE ENDIF OR IF (ALT_STD >19500) THEN

FLIGH_PHASE=CRUISE
Single condition ENDIF
53
IF (…) THEN …ELSE ...ENDIF

PROCEDURE N°z
Note:
test = one or several conditions
Action1 = one or several instructions. IF (test) TRUE
Action2 = one or several instructions.
FALSE
THEN action 1
ELSE action 2
Exemple:
ENDIF
IF ((N21> 40) AND (N22> 40)) THEN
engine_run=1
ELSE
engine_run=0
ENDIF Multiple condition
54
Exercise 3: Variable and test EXERCISE 3

Goal: Understand how to make basic tests.
Exercise 3: PART 1/6 – Variable and test

• 0. Set Database Version 492 as the current DB Version.
• 1. Create procedure for additional parameter No 606 in version 492.
• 2. Compute a TO_CONFIRMED parameter which is set to 1 when

- Flight Phase [ parameter FLIGHT_PHASE ] is equal to TAKE_OFF.
- Indicated Air Speed [ parameter IASC ] is greater than 130 knots.
• 3. Validate the Database Version 492.
• 4. Replay flight for A/C F-SAGEM2.
• 5. Check procedure programming results.
55
• 1. Modify procedure for additional parameter No 606.
• 2. Improve procedure in order to avoid erratic values.

- Previous IASC is greater than 130 knots
- Current IASC is greater than 130 knots
• 4. Replay flight for A/C F-AAAA.
56
Look at AIR and GROUND constant parameter definition.
57
• 1. Create a constant parameter in version 492.

- Name: IAS_LIM
- Type: CONSTANT
- Value: 130
• 2. Modify procedure 606 to use this constant (in order to modify easily the limit).
• 3. Validate the Database Version.
• 6. Modify IAS_LIM value if necessary.
58
• 1. Create procedure for additional parameter No 604 in version 492.
• 2. Compute a LIFT_OFF2 parameter which is:

- set to 0 before lift-off
- set to 1 at lift-off (and after)
• 5. Check procedure programming results using tabular data function.
• Advice:
- Use LDGL parameter for landing gear position information (AIR or GROUND)
- Use constant parameters AIR and GROUND
59
• 1. Modify procedure No 604.
• 2. Determine the instant of the lift-off.

- LIFT_OFF2 is now set to 1 only at the instant of the lift-off
60
5.4. THE BASIC FUNCTIONS
The BASIC functions:

Improve the procedure programming using mathematical, bitwise, date and time functions
Exercise:
Open procedure n° 224 from
Procedures for Additional
Parameter list of version 10385,
Use help on SAGEM DS
Language to understand the
procedure.
61
5.5. THE ENHANCED FUNCTIONS
The ENHANCED functions:

Improve the automatic analysis using functions which provide facilities for correction, filtering
and monitoring of parameters
62
Exercise 4: Enhanced functions EXERCISE 4

Goal: Practice with Enhanced functions.
Exercise 4: PART 1/2 – Help function for Enhanced functions
• Use the help function to see description of functions:

- MAX(…)
- AVG(…)
63
Exercise 4: PART 2/2 – Using of Enhanced functions
• 1. Create a procedure for additional parameter No 800 in Database Version 492 in

order to
- Compute average value of EGTxC between take-off and initial climb flight phases only
- Compute average value of EGTxC in total flight
EGTxC is for engine1: EGT1C & engine2: EGT2C
• 2. Validate version
• 3. Replay flight for A/C F-AAAA
• 4. Use tabular tool to check results
64
5.6. THE EVENT STORAGE
PRINCIPLES
• AGS allows user to create procedures to detect particular flight conditions, those flight
conditions can be reported in AGS Database with EVENT instruction.
Each event store in database is identified by the procedure N° used to detect it.
Event can be programmed for FOQA and Maintenance Purpose.
• Event storage process:

- 1- Procedure algorithm detects ‘abnormal’ flight configuration:
example: is the speed too high regarding flap configuration during cruise ?
- 2- Event storage in accordance of result of algorithm:
example: yes, speed is too high during 3 seconds: storage of event.
PARTICULAR EFFECT
• To avoid not useful multiple event storage,
AGS stores ONE EVENT PER FLIGHT PER PROCEDURE ONLY.
If EVENT instruction is executed in Procedure X, only the first execution will be edited
and/or stored.
• Note: If necessary, the RESET instruction enables to store more than one event per flight.
65
EVENT INSTRUCTION SYNTAX (1/2):

The basic instruction for event storage is EVENT instruction:
EVENT(Time, Edit, Storage, Severity Class, Optional snapshot parameters in analysis report)
where:
Time, defines event dating. Link to System Parameter T.
Edit, equal to EDIT to display event in Analysis report, NOEDIT not
Storage, equal to STAT to store event in Database, NOSTAT not.
Severity Class, from CLASS1 to CLASS9 to indicate importance of event.
Optional Snapshot Parameters, up to 50 parameters to display in analysis report.
EVENT(T, EDIT, STAT, CLASSn, SnPar1, SnPar2, Snpar3, SnparX, …)

Optional Snapshot Parameters
to display in the analysis report
• For instance GPWS warning:

EVENT(T, EDIT, STAT, CLASS1, GPWS_MOD, ALT_STDC, HEIGHT, RALTC)
66
EVENTV INSTRUCTION SYNTAX (2/2):

It is an extension of EVENT key-word that permits to store in AGS Database Additional Event Characteristics:
EVENTV(Time, Edit, Storage, Severity Class, Limit value, Maximum value, Average gap, Exceedence
duration, Optional Snapshot Parameters in analysis report)
where:
Time, defines event dating. Link to System Parameter T.
Edit, equal to EDIT to display event in Analysis report, NOEDIT not.
Storage, equal to STAT to store event in Database, NOSTAT not.
Severity Class, from CLASS1 to CLASS9 to indicate importance of event.
Limit value, value used in procedure to compare the normal and the abnormal flight situation.
Maximum value, reached at event instant.
Average gap, average value over/under the limit.
Exceedence duration.
Optional Snapshot Parameters, up to 50 parameters to display in analysis report.
EVENTV(T, EDIT, STAT, CLASS1, lim1, max_val, avg_gap, exd_dur, SnPar1, …, SnparX)
Add. Event Characteristics Opt. Snapshot Parameters
Note: The arguments: Limit value, Maximum value, Average gap, Exceedence duration are not computed by EVENTV
instruction, they are input information, they must be computed by another instructions.
67
EVENT STORAGE IN ANALYSIS REPORT
Event characteristics stored in Database thanks to Event characteristics stored in Database thanks
EVENTV instruction + Snapshot parameters to EVENTV instruction (without snapshot parameters)
Flight Date Time Flt Phase Event Level Limit Max. Durat Avg.Gap ---------- Event Description ----------
0001 07/05/2006 08:05:28 TAKE OFF 1002 3 138 142.6 0 4.625 Speed high at lift off
IASC=142.63 knot VR=123 knot
CONF=3 PITCH=13.36 deg
0001 07/05/2006 08:14:39 CLIMB 2002 1 1.4 1.629 3 0.109 High positive vertical acceleration during flight
0001 07/05/2006 10:07:12 FINAL 3104 1 0 -1.758 27 1.25 Pitch low during final approach, between 1000 and 100 feet
0001 07/05/2006 10:07:40 FINAL 1046 1 185 190.3 7 3.554 Speed high in conf 3 (flap 20 - slat 22)
0001 07/05/2006 10:14:40 APPROACH 1004 3 260 268 21 5.542 Speed high at low altitude, below 10000 feet
ALT_STDC=2520 FEET
0001 07/05/2006 10:17:27 FINAL 6000 3 0 0 5 0 GPWS Warning
HEIGHT=1088 feet IASC=135.00 knot
CONF=4 IVV=-1784 ft/min
0001 07/05/2006 10:18:28 FINAL 4400 1 Landing gear out of sequence
0001 07/05/2006 10:18:32 FINAL 6000 3 0 0 5 0 GPWS Warning
HEIGHT=476 feet IASC=125.75 knot
CONF=4 IVV=-683 ft/min
0001 07/05/2006 10:19:16 GO AROUND 7002 1 Go around
HEIGHT=72 feet
0001 07/05/2006 10:19:19 GO AROUND 3000 2 15 17.58 0 2.578 Pitch high at take off
PITCH=17.58 deg GSC=139.00 knot
0001 07/05/2006 10:19:48 APPROACH 5030 3 95 96 22 0.858 High power during approach
0001 07/05/2006 10:27:16 FINAL 1020 1 134.4 138.6 6 2.736 Speed high during approach at 1000 feet
HEIGHT=992 FEET VAPP=124 KTS
Event storage thanks Event storage thanks to EVENT

to EVENT instruction instruction + Snapshot parameters
(without Snapshot parameter)
68
EVENT STORAGE IN EVENT LIST Event characteristics

stored in Database thanks
to EVENTV instruction
Event storage thanks to

EVENT instruction
69
Exercise 5: Immediate Event storage EXERCISE 5
• 1. Modify Database Version 492 in order to set to ‘blank’ procedures for

- Maintenance
- Flight Operation
• 2. Create a procedure for Flight Operation No 1000 to detect an excessive speed at

lift-off with:
- Immediate event storage (Use “T” parameter in EVENT(…) instruction).
- Speed reached and speed limit must be displayed in the analysis report.
• 3. Validate Database Version 492.
• 5. Check procedure programming results in analysis report and event list.
• Note:
- Class 1 if speed>130
70
Exercise 6: Event storage at end of flight EXERCISE 6
• 1. Use the help function to see description of function TIME_OVER_LIMIT
• 2. Create a procedure No 3100 for Maintenance in order to detect N2 exceedence during cruise:
- Use TIME_OVER_LIMIT function with:
Limit to check: a constant parameter N2_MAX_CRUISE (90%)
Check on: Both engines (Left and Right: N21 and N22)
Values to memorize: time over limit, maximum value reached, average gap over the limit, limit used
- The higher maximum of N2 between both engines is taken into account to memorize the
CLASS 1 event
- Display memorized value in the analysis report at taxi in
• 3. Validate Database Version 492
• 4. Replay flight for A/C F-SAGEM2
• 5. Check procedure programming results in the Analysis Report
71
5.7. THE DATA MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS
There are 3 types of Data Management Functions:
DATA_TO_REPORT
DATA_TO_BASE
DATA_TO_FILE
They use the same interface

window:
“DATA TO EDIT” window.

It enables to define Parameter
list (to be output) and A customized format
can be defined
requested data format.
72
DATA_TO_REPORT function:
• DATA_TO_REPORT instruction enables to store parameters defined in “Data
to Edit” window in:
Analysis Report.
73
DATA_TO_BASE function:
• DATA_TO_BASE instruction enables to store parameters defined in “data to
edit” window in:
AGS Database.
74
DATA_TO_FILE function:
• DATA_TO_FILE instruction enables to store parameters defined in “data to
edit” window in:
an external File.
75
Parameter list and output format
Data File for External

Software
1.F-AAAA,040599,1010, -3.5,,30976, ,,0.769,, 147200,,
ENGINE1,0.000,3108, 84.3, 94.6, 660,22.5,,,, 0.4, 0.4,
ENGINE2,0.000,3068, 84.1, 94.6, 643,22.5,,,, 1.8, 0.6,
1.F-AAAA,050599,0138, 3.5,,29000, ,,0.794,, 132400,,
ENGINE1,0.000,3196, 83.4, 94.9, 658,22.5,,,, 0.0, 0.2,
ENGINE2,0.000,3252, 83.4, 94.9, 637,22.5,,,, 1.6, 0.4,
1.F-AAAA,040599,1010, -3.5,,30976, ,,0.769,, 147200,,
ENGINE1,0.000,3108, 84.3, 94.6, 660,22.5,,,, 0.4, 0.4,
ENGINE2,0.000,3068, 84.1, 94.6, 643,22.5,,,, 1.8, 0.6,
1.F-AAAA,050599,0138, 3.5,,29000, ,,0.794,, 132400,,
ENGINE1,0.000,3196, 83.4, 94.9, 658,22.5,,,, 0.0, 0.2,
ENGINE2,0.000,3252, 83.4, 94.9, 637,22.5,,,, 1.6, 0.4,
1.F-AAAA,050599,0442,-14.8,,35132, ,,0.782,, 139360,,
ENGINE1,0.000,2720, 84.0, 93.4, 650,22.5,,,, 0.4, 0.8,
ENGINE2,0.000,2712, 84.0, 93.3, 631,22.5,,,, 1.0, 0.4,
1.F-AAAA,050599,0733,-15.5,,35100, ,,0.782,, 142600,,
ENGINE1,0.000,2824, 84.8, 93.8, 658,22.5,,,, 0.4, 0.4,
ENGINE2,0.000,2772, 84.8, 93.6, 638,22.5,,,, 1.2, 0.4,
76
Exercise 7: Data management function EXERCISE 7
Exercise 7: PART 1/2 – Data management function
• 1. Use the help function in order to look at the different data management functions
• 2. Look for DATA_TO_% in Flight Operation procedures of version 10385
• 3. Activate these procedures
• 6. Display the analysis report
• 7. Look at snapshot parameter link to the flight
77
Exercise 7: PART 2/2 – DATA_TO_REPORT using
• 0. Set Database Version 492 as the current DB Version
• 1. Create a procedure for flight operation No 8004 in version 492 in order to:
Count in seconds the duration of the taxi-out
• 2. Create a Flight Operation procedure No 8009 in order to:

Display result in the analysis report by using DATA_TO_REPORT function
• 5. Display the analysis report
78
6. METHODOLOGY & EXAMPLE OF STANDARD PROCEDURE
Procedure for Additional

Parameter Computation:
• Flight Type Computation-

procedure n° 514
The comments (//) are organized
in chapter in order to facilitate the
understanding of the procedure.
79
Examples of standard procedures, Procedure for Maintenance

Monitoring:
• EGT Exceedences-procedure n° 3000
80
Examples of standard procedures, Procedure for Flight Operation

Monitoring:
• Speed high during approach at 1000 feet-procedure n° 1020
81
Exercise 8: Procedure modification EXERCISE 8
• 1. Replay flight for A/C F-AAAA with version 10385.
• 2. Note the characteristics of the detected event No 1020 in the analysis report.
• 3. Copy procedure for flight operation No 1020 from DB Version 10385 to DB Version 492.
• 4. Set current the version 492.
• 5. Modify procedure 1020 limits to detect a high speed during approach at 1000 feet:
- The limit for a class 3 event is 3 sec at VAPP+15
- The limit for a class 2 event is 3 sec at VAPP+10
- The limit for a class 1 event is 3 sec at VAPP
• 6. Modify procedure 1020 to add snapshot parameter in Analysis Report.

- Use the EVENTV function
82
• 7. Validate Database Version 492.
• 8. Replay flight for A/C F-SAGEM2.
• 9. Note the characteristics of the detected event No 1020 in the analysis report.
• 10. Analyze differences.
83
Would you like to know more ?
You are welcome to register you for the Programming II training

course.
GOAL OF PROGRAMMING II
• Purpose of the Programming II training course is to improve the knowledge
for procedure programming in SAGEM DS Language, thanks to practices
based on real cases, studied step by step in crescent difficulty level.
• Objective for trainees is to learn the basic and complex techniques in order to
understand and create procedures for AGS analysis individually.
TARGET AUDIENCE FOR PROGRAMMING II

• AGS users in charge of procedure programming.
• Pre-requisite:
- AGS training course module Programming I.
- Experience in AGS programming.
- Experience in on board system.
84

3300088356-01 12 Procedure Programming - 84

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PROCEDURE

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

For extended AGS procedure programming, refer to Procedure Programming 2

1. Procedure Purpose & Programming Method on AGS

3. Event Detection Programming

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

5. SAGEM DS Language

• 5.6. The event Storage EXERCISE 5 EXERCISE 6

• 5.7. The data management functions EXERCISE 7

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

PROCEDURE DESCRIPTION AND PURPOSE

• A procedure is ‘little software’ programmed in AGS by SAGEM DS and AGS user.

• AGS is fully programmable to create new procedures or modify already

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

PROCEDURE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS PERFORMED.

• 2. Procedure for maintenance and performance monitoring for:

• 3. Procedure for flight operation monitoring for:

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

PROCEDURE PROGRAMMING METHODOLOGY

• A SAGEM DS document referenced 3000255772-Issue 01 describes the

2.1. PURPOSE, CLASSIFICATION, EXECUTION

• Additional parameters computation are executed during automatic analysis

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

PROCEDURE EXECUTION ORDER

Example: the procedure 200 computes at 4Hz an additional parameter PITCH_RATE

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

• According to the aircraft recording, some parameters must be corrected or

• Example of Radio Altitude correction:

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

Some necessary parameters for flight analysis can be missing in

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

During automatic analysis AGS monitors and uses a list of system

Two kinds of system parameters:

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

System parameters are available from AGS « Parameter List »:

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

List of the system parameters computed by AGS:

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

List of the system parameters computed by AGS:

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

List of the system parameters to be managed by user

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

List of the system parameters to be managed by user

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

List of the system parameters to be managed by user

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

List of system parameters to be computed by the user for the

Internal Display Procedure Validity

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

# CC: number of centuries (19 to 47)

Description : True Airspeed Integer, right 0 to600

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

List of system parameters reserved by the AGS for trajectory

3300088356/R11/000/01, 05-2007 AGS 2006 Version 11 – Procedure Programming 1

Exercise 1: AGS System parameters: T and RATE EXERCISE 1

0- Set Database Version 492 as current DB version

1- Replay flight for F-SAGEM2.

2- Display T, RATE and VRTG system parameters

3- Display all VRTG values for one sec:

4- Why RATE is 8 Hz?

1. Procedure Purpose & Programming Method on AGS

3. Event Detection Programming

5. SAGEM DS Language

PROCEDURE DESCRIPTION AND PURPOSE

PROCEDURE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS PERFORMED.

PROCEDURE PROGRAMMING METHODOLOGY

PROCEDURE EXECUTION ORDER

During automatic analysis AGS monitors and uses a list of system

Two kinds of system parameters:

List of the system parameters computed by AGS:

List of the system parameters computed by AGS:

List of the system parameters to be managed by user

List of the system parameters to be managed by user

List of the system parameters to be managed by user

List of system parameters to be computed by the user for the

List of system parameters reserved by the AGS for trajectory

Exercise 1: AGS System parameters: T and RATE EXERCISE 1

PROCEDURES FOR MAINTENANCE MONITORING

PROCEDURES FOR FLIGHT OPERATION MONITORING

General organization of a procedure for event detection

CASE 1: STORAGE OF ALL EXCEEDENCES

CASE 2: STORAGE OF THE WORST EXCEEDENCE

Example of high speed during final approach

The three procedures lists

The procedures list Interface

Computation and affectation

Used to store temporary computation

Local variables can not be displayed with manual analysis tool.

Two types of constant:

Exercise 2: Basic rules and variables EXERCISE 2